2023年新高考全國卷英語試題及答案（完整版）說明新高考全國卷含Ⅰ卷（適用山東、河北等）和Ⅱ卷（適用遼寧、重慶等），以下分卷呈現(xiàn)完整試題、答案及關(guān)鍵解析。新高考全國Ⅰ卷第二部分閱讀（續(xù)）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（B-D篇）B篇WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,Johnwentontodevelopwhathecalled"ecologicaldesign."Hecreatedsystemsthatusednaturalprocessestotreatwasteandpurifywater.OneofhisearlyprojectswasawastewatertreatmentsystemforavillageinVermont.Insteadofusingexpensivemachinery,hebuiltwetlandswithplants,bacteria,andotherorganismsthatnaturallyfilterpollutants.Thesystemworkedsowellthatit’sstillinusetoday.Aswordofhisworkspread,Johnreceivedrequestsfromaroundtheworld.Hedesignedsimilarsystemsforcities,factories,andevenoilspills.Hisapproachnotonlycleanedupenvironmentaldamagebutalsosavedmoneyandenergycomparedtotraditionalmethods.JohnTodd’sstoryshowshowobservingnaturecanleadtoinnovativesolutions.Byworkingwithratherthanagainsttheenvironment,wecancreateamoresustainablefuture.WhatinspiredJohnToddtodevelopecologicaldesign?A.Hisstudyofagriculture.B.Hischildhoodobservationsofnature.C.Requestsfromvillagesandcities.D.Expensivewastewatertreatmentmachinery.WhatisspecialaboutJohn’swastewatertreatmentsystem?A.Itusesnaturalprocesses.B.Itrequiresadvancedtechnology.C.Itworksonlyforsmallvillages.D.Itcostsmorethantraditionalsystems.WhatcanwelearnfromJohnTodd’sstory?A.Natureprovidessolutionstohumanproblems.B.Agricultureisthekeytoenvironmentalprotection.C.Traditionalmethodsarebetterfortheenvironment.D.Expensivemachineryisnecessaryforpollutioncontrol.C篇Digitalminimalismisaphilosophythatencouragespeopletoreducetheiruseofdigitaldevicesandonlineservicestofocusonwhattrulymatters.Unlikesimple"digitaldetoxes"thatinvolveshort-termbreaksfromtechnology,digitalminimalismisalong-termlifestylechoice.Thefirststepindigitalminimalismistoreflectonhowyouusetechnology.Askyourself:Doesthisapporserviceaddvaluetomylife?Ifnot,it’stimetoletitgo.Thisprocesshelpsyoueliminateunnecessarydigitalclutter,suchasunusedapps,unreademails,andsocialmediaaccountsthatdon’tserveyou.Next,setclearboundariesfortechnologyuse.Forexample,youmightdecidetoavoidusingyourphoneduringmealsorlimitsocialmediato30minutesaday.Theseboundarieshelpyoureclaimtimeforactivitieslikereading,spendingtimewithfamily,orpursuinghobbies.Finally,fillthespaceleftbytechnologywithmeaningfulactivities.Digitalminimalistsoftenfindthatreducingscreentimeleadstogreatercreativity,betterrelationships,andimprovedmentalhealth.It’snotaboutrejectingtechnologyentirely—justusingitintentionally.Whatisthedifferencebetweendigitalminimalismandadigitaldetox?A.Digitalminimalismisshort-term.B.Adigitaldetoxisalifestylechoice.C.Digitalminimalismfocusesonlong-termchange.D.Adigitaldetoxeliminatesalldigitaldevices.Whatisthefirststepinpracticingdigitalminimalism?A.Settingtimelimitsforscreenuse.B.Removingunusedsocialmediaaccounts.C.Reflectingonthevalueofdigitaltools.D.Replacingscreentimewithhobbies.Whatbenefitofdigitalminimalismismentioned?A.Increaseddigitalliteracy.B.Bettermentalhealth.C.Morefreestoragespace.D.Improvedtechnologyskills.D篇The"wisdomofcrowds"referstotheideathatlargegroupsofpeopleareoftensmarterthanindividualexpertswhenitcomestomakingdecisions.Thisphenomenonhasbeenobservedinmanyareas,frompredictingelectionresultstosolvingcomplexscientificproblems.Oneclassicexampleisthe"jellybeanexperiment."Inthisexperiment,ajarofjellybeansisshowntoagroupofpeople,andeachpersonguesseshowmanyareinside.Whileindividualguessesareoftenfaroff,theaverageofallguessesisusuallyveryclosetothecorrectnumber.Thisisbecauseerrorsinindividualjudgmentstendtocanceleachotherout.However,thewisdomofcrowdsisn’talwaysreliable.Itworksbestwhenthegroupisdiverse(withdifferentbackgroundsandopinions)andwhenmembersmakeindependentjudgments.Ifthegroupishomogeneousorifpeopleareinfluencedbyothers’opinions(aphenomenoncalled"groupthink"),thecrowd’swisdomcanturnintofoolishness.Researchershavealsofoundthatthesizeofthegroupmatters.Agroupof20peoplecanbejustaswiseasagroupof200,aslongasthesmallergroupisdiverseandindependent.Whatisthe"wisdomofcrowds"?A.Expertsarebetteratmakingdecisionsthancrowds.B.Largegroupsoftenmakesmarterdecisionsthanindividuals.C.Smallgroupsaremorediversethanlargegroups.D.Individualjudgmentsaremoreaccuratethangroupaverages.Whydoesthejellybeanexperimentsupportthewisdomofcrowds?A.Individualguessesarealwayscorrect.B.Theaverageguessisclosetotherealnumber.C.Largegroupsguessbetterthansmallgroups.D.Experts’guessesareworsethanthecrowd’s.Whendoesthewisdomofcrowdsfail?A.Whenthegroupisdiverse.B.Whenmembersjudgeindependently.C.Whenpeopleareinfluencedbyothers.D.Whenthegroupsizeistoosmall.第二節(jié)七選五（滿分12.5分）Self-forgivenessisanimportantskillforemotionalwell-being.Itinvolveslettinggoofangerandguilttowardyourselfaftermakingamistake.Herearesomestepstopracticeself-forgiveness:First,acknowledgeyourmistake.13._______Denyingorignoringitwillonlymakenegativefeelingsstronger.Behonestwithyourselfaboutwhatyoudidwrong.Next,takeresponsibility.14._______Blamingotherswon’thelpyoumoveforward.Instead,acceptthatyouractionscausedharmandthatyouareresponsibleformakingamends.Then,practiceempathy.15._______Thinkabouthowyouwouldtreatafriendwhomadethesamemistake.Wouldyoubeharshorcompassionate?Extendthatkindnesstoyourself.Finally,letgoofthepast.16._______Holdingontoguiltandangerdrainsyourenergy.Focusonwhatyoucanlearnfromthemistakeandhowyoucandobetterinthefuture.Remember,self-forgivenessisn’taboutexcusingyourbehavior.17._______It’saboutfreeingyourselffromthepastsoyoucangrow.A.It’sabouttakingcontrolofyouremotions.B.Youcan’tforgiveyourselfifyoudon’tadmitit.C.Forgiveyourselfasyouwouldforgiveothers.D.Don’tmakeexcusesorblamecircumstances.E.It’sokaytofeelguiltyafteramistake.F.Thepastcan’tbechanged,butthefuturecan.G.Askforforgivenessfromthoseyouhurt.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）MelanieBaileyandDanielleLenouewerecompetitorsinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.Halfwaythroughtherace,Danielle’skneestartedtohurtbadly.18._______,shetriedtokeepgoing,butsoonshefelltothegroundinpain.Melanie,whowasahead,heardDaniellecryout.She19._______andsawDanielleclutchingherknee.Withouthesitation,Melanieranback."Doyouneedhelp?"sheasked.Daniellenodded,tearsinhereyes.MelaniehelpedDaniellestandup,butDaniellecouldn’twalk.20._______,Melaniemadeadecision:shewouldcarryDanielletothefinishline.Itwasalongway,andMelaniewastired.Butshekeptgoing,21._______Danielle’sarmsaroundherneck.Otherrunnerspassedthem,butMelaniedidn’tcare.Shejustfocusedontakingonestepatatime.Whentheyfinallyreachedthefinishline,thecrowderuptedincheers.MedicalstaffimmediatelycheckedDanielleandfoundherkneewasseriouslyinjured—she22._______havefinishedtheracealone.Daniellelatersaid,"Melanie’skindnesssavedme.Sheputmyneedsaboveherown."ForMelanie,itwassimple:"We’reallinthistogether.23._______someoneneedshelp,youhelpthem."A.BesidesB.HoweverC.InsteadD.OtherwiseA.sloweddownB.gaveupC.passedbyD.ranawayA.GraduallyB.SuddenlyC.FinallyD.ImmediatelyA.withB.forC.byD.onA.mustn’tB.shouldn’tC.couldn’tD.needn’tA.BeforeB.WhenC.ThoughD.Unless第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）Xiaolongbao,orsoupdumplings,areabelovedChinesefood.OriginatinginShanghai,they24._______(become)popularacrossChinaandaroundtheworld.Makingxiaolongbaoisaskillthattakesyearstomaster.Thedoughmustberolledintothin,roundwrappers.Thefilling,usually25._______(make)ofporkandsoup,isplacedinthecenterofeachwrapper.Thewrapperisthenfoldedintosmallpleats—26._______goodxiaolongbaohasatleast18pleats!Whensteamed,thesoupinsidethedumplingmelts,27._______(create)ajuicycenter.It’simportanttoeatxiaolongbaocarefully:biteasmallholefirsttoletoutthesteam,28._______youmightburnyourmouth.Xiaolongbaoaremorethanjustfood;theyareasymbolofChineseculture.Manyfamiliesmakethemduringfestivals,29._______(share)thejoyofcookingandeatingtogether.Inrecentyears,xiaolongbao30._______(serve)inhigh-endrestaurantsworldwide,introducingmorepeople31._______thisdeliciousdish.Whethereateninastreetstall32._______afancyrestaurant,xiaolongbaoalwaysbringpeoplepleasure.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）假定你是李華，外教Ryan準(zhǔn)備將學(xué)生隨機(jī)分為兩人一組，讓大家課后練習(xí)口語。你認(rèn)為這樣分組存在問題，請(qǐng)給Ryan寫一封郵件：說明問題；提出建議。注意：詞數(shù)80左右；可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Ineverlikedwriting.Infact,Ihatedit—untilmysociologyteacher,Ms.Lopez,changedmymind.ItstartedwhenMs.Lopezannouncedawritingcontest."Iwanteveryonetoparticipate,"shesaid.Igroanedsilently.WritingastorywasthelastthingIwantedtodo.WhenItoldMs.LopezIdidn’twanttojoin,shesmiledandsaid,"Giveitatry.Youmightsurpriseyourself."Reluctantly,Istartedbrainstormingideas.Nothingcametomind.Ifeltstuck.Onedayafterclass,Ms.LopezaskedhowIwasdoing.ItoldherIcouldn’tthinkofanythingtowrite.Shesatdownandsaid,"Writeaboutsomethingthatmatterstoyou.Itdoesn’thavetobeperfect—justhonest."Herwordsgavemeanidea.Idecidedtowriteaboutmygrandfather,whohadtaughtmetofish.Wespenthoursbythelake,talkingandlaughing.Thoseweresomeofmyhappiestmemories.Istartedwriting,andtomysurprise,thewordsflowedeasily.Idescribedthewaythesunreflectedonthewater,thesoundofmygrandfather’svoice,andhowhetaughtmetobepatient.WhenIfinished,IreadthestorytoMs.Lopez.Shecriedandsaid,"Thisisbeautiful.It’sfullofheart."注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)150左右；至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段開頭已為你寫好；續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。Paragraph1:Afewweekslater,Ms.Lopezannouncedthecontestresults.Paragraph2:Thatexperiencechangedmyattitudetowardwriting.新高考全國Ⅰ卷答案及解析第二部分閱讀第一節(jié)閱讀理解B（解析：由首段首句可知，童年觀察自然的經(jīng)歷啟發(fā)了他）A（解析：第二段提到其系統(tǒng)利用植物、細(xì)菌等自然過程處理污水）A（解析：末段點(diǎn)明自然能為人類問題提供創(chuàng)新解決方案）C（解析：首段明確數(shù)字極簡主義是長期生活方式，而非短期排毒）C（解析：第二段首句指出第一步是反思數(shù)字工具的價(jià)值）B（解析：末段提到減少屏幕時(shí)間可改善心理健康）B（解析：首段定義“群體智慧”為群體決策優(yōu)于個(gè)體專家）B（解析：第二段指出群體平均猜測(cè)值接近真實(shí)數(shù)量）C（解析：第三段說明受他人影響時(shí)群體智慧失效）第二節(jié)七選五B14.D15.C16.F17.A第三部分語言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)完形填空B19.A20.C21.A22.C23.B第二節(jié)語法填空havebecome25.made26.a27.creating28.orsharing30.areserved31.to32.or第四部分寫作第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（參考范文）DearRyan,I’mwritingtosharemythoughtsontherandompairingfororalpractice.Randomgroupsmaycauseproblems:somepairshavelargelanguagegaps,makingithardtocommunicate.Othersmaylackcommontopics,leadingtoawkwardsilence.Isuggestgroupingstudentsbasedonlanguagelevelandinterests.Thisway,partnerscansupporteachotherandtalkmorefreely.Thankyouforconsideringmyad