黑龍江2025自考[智能分子工程]英語（二）高頻題(考點)一、單項選擇題（每題1分，共20題）1.Therapiddevelopmentofsmartmolecularengineeringreliesheavilyon_______.A.traditionalchemistryB.interdisciplinarycollaborationC.outdatedequipmentD.limitedresources2.Whichofthefollowingisakeyapplicationofsmartmolecularengineeringinpharmaceuticals?A.renewableenergystorageB.advancedmaterialssynthesisC.targeteddrugdeliverysystemsD.agriculturalpestcontrol3.Insmartmolecularengineering,"molecularrecognition"primarilyrefersto_______.A.chemicalbondingreactionsB.theabilityofmoleculestointeractselectivelyC.high-temperaturesynthesisprocessesD.catalystdegradationmechanisms4.Theterm"self-healingmaterials"ismostcloselyassociatedwith_______.A.staticchemicalcompoundsB.dynamicmolecularsystemsC.inertgasesD.elementalmetals5.Whatistheprimarypurposeofusingsmartmolecularengineeringinenvironmentalremediation?A.IncreasingindustrialwasteproductionB.DevelopingefficientpollutantdegradationmethodsC.ReducingwaterusageinchemicalplantsD.Enhancingfossilfuelextraction6.Whichtechniqueiswidelyusedinsmartmolecularengineeringforprecisemolecularassembly?A.bulkcrystallizationB.microfluidicsystemsC.open-airsynthesisD.manualmixing7.Theconceptof"supramolecularchemistry"isfoundationalto_______.A.inorganicchemistryB.polymerdegradationC.molecular-levelself-organizationD.quantummechanics8.Whatisamajorchallengeinscalingupsmartmolecularengineeringprocesses?A.HighenergyefficiencyB.LimitedproductdiversityC.Cost-effectivemassproductionD.Rapidreactiontimes9.Inthecontextofsmartmolecularengineering,"functionalization"means_______.A.increasingmolecularweightB.addingspecificpropertiestomoleculesC.reducingreactivityD.isolatingpuresubstances10.Whichmaterialpropertyismostcriticalforsmartmolecularengineeringapplicationsinelectronics?A.HighthermalconductivityB.TunableelectricalconductivityC.LowsolubilityinwaterD.Mechanicalrigidity11.The"smart"insmartmolecularengineeringrefersto_______.A.fixedchemicalstructuresB.adaptiveandresponsivesystemsC.non-renewableresourcesD.simplemolecularformulas12.Whatroledoescomputationalchemistryplayinsmartmolecularengineering?A.GeneratingstaticmolecularmodelsB.OptimizingreactionconditionsC.PreventingchemicalreactionsD.Recordingexperimentaldata13.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofasmartmolecularengineeringapplicationinbiomedicine?A.ConventionaldrugformulationsB.Smartdrug-elutingstentsC.BasicchemicalsynthesisD.Traditionaldiagnostictests14.Theprincipleof"molecularimprinting"isusedtocreate_______.A.bulkpolymersB.selectiverecognitionsitesC.high-melting-pointcompoundsD.volatilegases15.Whatistheprimaryadvantageofusingsmartmolecularengineeringinsustainablechemistry?A.HighenergyconsumptionB.ReducedenvironmentalimpactC.DependenceonrareelementsD.Slowreactionkinetics16.Whichpropertydistinguishessmartmolecularengineeringfromconventionalchemistry?A.LimitedscalabilityB.DynamicmolecularinteractionsC.InflexiblereactionpathwaysD.Highcostofmaterials17.Theterm"bottom-upsynthesis"insmartmolecularengineeringrefersto_______.A.combininglargemoleculesintosmalleronesB.constructingcomplexstructuresfromsimpleunitsC.breakingdownmolecularbondsD.staticchemicalmodifications18.Whatisakeyconsiderationwhendesigningsmartmolecularsystemsforenvironmentalapplications?A.MaximumchemicalcomplexityB.BiodegradabilityC.HightoxicityD.Irreversiblereactions19.Whichtechnologyenablesprecisecontrolovermoleculararchitecturesinsmartengineering?A.TraditionalopenreactorsB.NanofabricationtechniquesC.UncontrolledmixingmethodsD.Batchprocessing20.Theintegrationofartificialintelligenceinsmartmolecularengineeringprimarilyhelpsin_______.A.AutomatingsimplereactionsB.PredictingmolecularbehaviorsC.EliminatingtheneedforlabworkD.Reducingmaterialcosts二、填空題（每空1分，共10空）1.Smartmolecularengineeringofteninvolvesthedesignof_______materialsthatcanrespondtoexternalstimulisuchastemperature,pH,orlight.2.Theconceptof_______chemistryisessentialforunderstandingnon-covalentmolecularinteractionsinsmartsystems.3.Inpharmaceuticalapplications,smartmolecularengineeringenablesthedevelopmentof_______drugdeliverysystemsfortargetedtherapies.4.Computationalmethodslike_______areusedtomodelandsimulatemolecularbehaviorsinsmartengineering.5.Theprocessofcreatingmolecularlyimprintedpolymers(MIPs)reliesontheprincipleof_______tocapturespecificmolecules.6.Oneofthemajorchallengesinsmartmolecularengineeringisachieving_______atindustrialscales.7.Theuseof_______insmartmolecularsystemsallowsforadaptiveanddynamicmaterialproperties.8.Environmentalapplicationsofsmartmolecularengineeringincludethedevelopmentofefficient_______forpollutantremoval.9.Theterm"functionalgroups"insmartmolecularengineeringreferstospecific_______attachedtomoleculesthatdeterminetheirreactivity.10.Theintegrationof_______insmartmolecularengineeringenhancestheprecisionandefficiencyofmoleculardesign.三、判斷題（每題1分，共10題）1.Smartmolecularengineeringissolelyfocusedontraditionalorganicchemistry.(×)2.Supramolecularchemistrydealswiththeself-assemblyoflarge,complexmolecules.(×)3.Self-healingmaterialscanautonomouslyrepairdamagecausedbyphysicalstress.(√)4.Computationalchemistryisunnecessaryforsmartmolecularengineeringduetoitscomplexity.(×)5.Molecularimprintingisastaticprocesswithnoadaptivecapabilities.(×)6.Smartmolecularengineeringisprimarilyusedintheoilandgasindustry.(×)7.Functionalizationinsmartmolecularengineeringalwaysreducesmolecularstability.(×)8.TheintegrationofAIinsmartmolecularengineeringeliminatestheneedforexperimentalvalidation.(×)9.Smartmolecularsystemsareinherentlylesssustainablethanconventionalmaterials.(×)10.Bottom-upsynthesisislessefficientthantop-downmethodsinsmartmolecularengineering.(×)四、簡答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Explainthesignificanceofmolecularrecognitioninsmartmolecularengineeringandprovideoneexampleofitsapplication.Answer:Molecularrecognitionistheabilityofmoleculestoselectivelyinteractwithspecifictargets,enablingprecisecontrolinsmartsystems.Example:Smartdrugdeliverysystemsthatreleasemedicationonlyinthepresenceofdiseasebiomarkers.2.Describetheroleofmicrofluidictechnologyinsmartmolecularengineeringanditsadvantages.Answer:Microfluidicsenableprecisecontroloverreactionconditionsatthemicroscale,improvingefficiencyandscalability.Advantagesincludereducedwaste,fastersynthesis,andbetterreproducibility.3.Whatarethekeydifferencesbetweensmartmolecularengineeringandconventionalchemicalsynthesis?Answer:Smartmolecularengineeringfocusesondynamic,adaptivesystems,whereasconventionalsynthesisisstatic.Smartengineeringinvolvesstimuli-responsivematerials,molecularself-assembly,andadvancedcomputationaldesign.4.Discussoneenvironmentalapplicationofsmartmolecularengineeringanditspotentialimpact.Answer:Smartmolecularengineeringcancreatebiodegradablematerialsthatdegradeintoharmlessproducts,reducingpollution.Example:Smartpolymersthatbreakdownintoeco-friendlycomponentsinspecificenvironmentalconditions.五、論述題（每題10分，共2題）1.Howdoestheintegrationofartificialintelligence(AI)enhancethecapabilitiesofsmartmolecularengineering?Discussitsbenefitsandchallenges.Answer:AIacceleratesmoleculardesignbypredictingstructuresandbehaviors,optimizingreactions,andreducingexperimentaltrials.Benefitsincludefasterinnovationandcostsavings.Challengesincludedatadependencyandcomputationalcomplexity.2.Analyzethefutureprospectsofsmartmolecularengineeringin黑龍江(Heilongjiang)anditspotentialimpactontheregion'schemicalindustry.Answer:Heilongjiang,withitsstrongchemicalindustrybase,couldleveragesmartmolecularengineeringforsustainablemanufacturing,environmentalcleanup,andpharmaceuticaladvancements.Thiswouldboostgreenchemistryandinnovationintheregion.答案與解析一、單項選擇題1.B–Smartmolecularengineeringrequiresinterdisciplinarycollaboration(e.g.,chemistry,physics,biology).2.C–Targeteddrugdeliveryisakeyapplication,improvingtherapeuticefficacy.3.B–Molecularrecognitioninvolvesselectivebinding(e.g.,antibodies,receptors).4.B–Self-healingmaterialsusedynamicbondstorepairdamage.5.B–Efficientpollutantdegradationiscriticalforenvironmentalprotection.6.B–Microfluidicsenableprecisecontrolinmolecularassembly.7.C–Supramolecularchemistrydealswithnon-covalentinteractions.8.C–Massproductionrequirescost-effective,scalableprocesses.9.B–Functionalizationaddsspecificproperties(e.g.,conductivity).10.B–Electronicsrelyontunableelectricalproperties.11.B–Smartsystemsadapttochangingconditions.12.B–Computationalmethodsoptimizereactionconditions.13.B–Smartdrug-elutingstentsareabiomedicalinnovation.14.B–Molecularimprintingcreatesselectivebindingsites.15.B–Smartengineeringreduceswasteandenergyuse.16.B–Smartsystemsaredynamicandadaptive.17.B–Bottom-upsynthesisbuildsfromsimpleunits.18.B–Biodegradabilityiskeyforenvironmentalsafety.19.B–Nanofabricationallowsprecisemolecularcontrol.20.B–AIpredictsmolecularbehaviorstooptimizedesign.二、填空題1.Stimuli-responsive2.Supramolecular3.Targeted4.Machinelearning5.Molecularimprinting6.Scalability7.Stimuli-responsive8.Pollutantdegradationsystems9.Functionalgroups10.Artificialintelligence三、判斷題1.×–Smartmole