緒論單元測(cè)試第一章單元測(cè)試第二章單元測(cè)試第三章單元測(cè)試第四章單元測(cè)試第五章單元測(cè)試第六章單元測(cè)試第七章單元測(cè)試第八章單元測(cè)試1【判斷題】(2分)全世界對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的看法是一致的。A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A2【判斷題】(1分)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在同一陣營(yíng)，彼此之間沒(méi)有利益沖突。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：B3【判斷題】(2分)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化程度隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)水平的提高而日益加深。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A1【單選題】(1分)Sovereignnations:A.MustbeconcernedwiththeinterestsofforeignerswhendevelopingeconomicpolicyB.MustcoordinatetheirmonetarypolicywiththeWorldBank.C.Oftenignoretheinterestsofforeigners.D.AresubjecttolawspassedbytheUnitedNations.正確答案：C2【判斷題】(1分)Politiciansdonoterectbarrierstotradewithothercountriesbecausetheyarealsoconcernedwiththewell-beingofforeigners.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A3【判斷題】(1分)Labormaybeinternationallymobile,butcapitalandlanddonotmigratefromonecountrytoanother.A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A4【判斷題】(2分)國(guó)家的貿(mào)易政策是國(guó)家利益的體現(xiàn)，而國(guó)家利益是一國(guó)內(nèi)部利益集團(tuán)公共選擇的結(jié)果。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A5【判斷題】(2分)資源在世界范圍內(nèi)的配置由大國(guó)的力量決定，大國(guó)可以凌駕于小國(guó)之上。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：B6【判斷題】(2分)一國(guó)的貿(mào)易政策是動(dòng)態(tài)變化的，國(guó)家與國(guó)家間的經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系也是動(dòng)態(tài)變化的。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A1【單選題】(1分)Anincreaseindemandwillleadto:A.Adecreaseinproducersurplus.B.Anincreaseinprice.C.AnincreaseinsupplyD.Afallinquantity正確答案：B2【單選題】(1分)Allofthefollowingcanleadtoanincreaseinthedemandforicecream,anormalgood,EXCEPT:A.Adecreaseinincome.B.A10%increaseinpopulation.C.Anincreaseinthepriceofpopsicles.D.Anewscientificstudythatfindseatingicecreamdoesnotcauseweightgain.正確答案：A3【判斷題】(1分)Labormaybeinternationallymobile,butcapitalandlanddonotmigratefromonecountrytoanother.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A4【判斷題】(2分)生產(chǎn)可能性邊界的形狀取決于該國(guó)的技術(shù)水平、資源稟賦以及兩種商品之間的邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A5【判斷題】(2分)機(jī)會(huì)成本可以用邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率表示，機(jī)會(huì)成本有三種狀況，不變、遞增、遞減，分別對(duì)應(yīng)不同形狀的生產(chǎn)可能性邊界。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A6【判斷題】(2分)機(jī)會(huì)成本是用Y表示的生產(chǎn)X的邊際成本，相對(duì)價(jià)格是用Y表示的出售X的邊際收益。A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：B7【判斷題】(3分)機(jī)會(huì)成本與相對(duì)價(jià)格之間的關(guān)系，如果機(jī)會(huì)成本小于相對(duì)價(jià)格，該國(guó)會(huì)擴(kuò)大X的生產(chǎn)；如果機(jī)會(huì)成本大于相對(duì)價(jià)格，X的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模會(huì)縮??；兩者相等時(shí)，是生產(chǎn)均衡點(diǎn)。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A8【判斷題】(2分)消費(fèi)者的需要與需求不同。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A9【判斷題】(2分)消費(fèi)者均衡實(shí)現(xiàn)取決于消費(fèi)者的偏好組合與消費(fèi)者的收入，消費(fèi)均衡點(diǎn)相對(duì)價(jià)格不等于兩種商品的邊際替代率。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：B10【判斷題】(2分)國(guó)際均衡價(jià)格處于兩國(guó)封閉條件相對(duì)價(jià)格之間，超出這個(gè)范圍，總有一個(gè)國(guó)家或者一種商品無(wú)法參與國(guó)際貿(mào)易。A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A11【多選題】(3分)貿(mào)易發(fā)生后，會(huì)（）A.世界上只有一個(gè)價(jià)格：國(guó)際均衡價(jià)格B.生產(chǎn)均衡點(diǎn)與消費(fèi)均衡點(diǎn)不重合C.生產(chǎn)會(huì)調(diào)整D.消費(fèi)會(huì)調(diào)整正確答案：ABCD1【單選題】(3分)MercantilistsbelievedthatanationwouldbenefitfromachievingA.apositiveorfavorabletradebalanceB.aneventradebalanceC.Atradedeficit,fundedbyloansfromothernations.D.Asmuchself-sufficiencyaspossible正確答案：A2【單選題】(2分)The

comparativeadvantagepriciplewasdevelopedbyA.OhlinB.KrugmanC.SamuelsonD.DavidRicardo.正確答案：D3【判斷題】(1分)AdamSmithagreedwiththemercantiliststhatifonenationgainedbenefitsfromtradeitstradingpartnerwouldlose.A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：B4【單選題】(2分)DavidRicardodevelopedtheprincipleofcomparativeadvantageshowingthatA.nonationcouldhaveanabsoluteadvantageinallgoods.B.inatwo-countryexample,onlyonenationcanhaveacomparativeadvantage.C.evenanationthathaslowerproductivityinallgoodscanbenefitbyexportingtheiteminwhichitisrelativelylessinefficient.D.anationmustbetheleast-costproducerofagoodinordertoexportthatitem.正確答案：C5【單選題】(3分)IfeachworkerintheUnitedStatescanproducereither40bottlesofwineor40yardsofclothingperhourandeachworkerintheUnitedKingdomcanproduceeither20bottlesofwineor10yardsofclothingperhourA.theUnitedKingdomhasacomparativeadvantageinwineproduction.B.Neithercountrycanbenefitbytradingwiththeother.C.theUnitedStateshasacomparativeadvantageinwineproduction.D.theUnitedKingdomhastheabsoluteadvantageinbothproducts.正確答案：A6【判斷題】(2分)Itispossibleforonenationtohaveacomparativeadvantageineverythingandtheothernationtohaveacomparativeadvantageinnothing.A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：B7【單選題】(1分)AnindifferencecurveA.showsthedemandpreferencesofconsumers.B.showsthatmostpeoplereallyareindifferentaboutinternationaltrade.C.indicateshowmuchlaboracountryhas.D.reflectstherelativecostsofproductionwithinanation.正確答案：A8【判斷題】(2分)Anationmaximizessatisfactionbyreachingthehighestpossibleindifferencecurve,andintheabsenceoftradewillproducewhereitsproductionpossibilitiesscheduleistangenttoanindifferencecurve.A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A9【判斷題】(2分)TheRicardiantheoryofcomparativeadvantagefocusesonlyonsupplyorcostconditions,andignorestheroleofdemandinexplainingtradepatterns.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：B10【判斷題】(2分)Iftwonationsofveryunequalsizetradewitheachother,thetheoryofreciprocaldemanddemonstratesthatmostofthegainsfromtrade(afavorabletermsoftraderatio)willgotothelargernation.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A11【單選題】(2分)IntheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,anation'scomparativeadvantageisbasedonA.tradebarrierssuchastariffsandquotas.B.distancefromthenation'smostimportanttradingpartners.C.consumerpreferences.D.thenation'srelativeendowmentsofproductiveresourcessuchaslaborandcapital.正確答案：D12【判斷題】(3分)Thefactorendowmentsmodelpredictsthatinternationaltradewilltendtoequalizethepricesoftradeablegoodsamongnations,buttoincreasethewagegapbetweencapital-abundantandlabor-abundantnations.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A13【單選題】(2分)Leontief's1954studyofU.S.tradepatterns,resultingintheLeontiefparadox,foundthatA.U.S.exportswerelabor-intensivecomparedwithU.S.

imports,eventhoughtheUnitedStateswaswidelyregardedasarelativelycapital-abundantnation.B.U.S.tradevolumedeclinedeventhoughU.S.GDPhadbeenrising.C.theUnitedStateswastradingmorewithdistantthanwithnearnations.D.theUnitedStateswasexportingmostlycapital-intensiveproducts.正確答案：A14【單選題】(2分)Intra-industrytradetheoryA.ignoresseasonalconsiderations.B.explainswhytheUnitedStatesmightexportautosandimportclothing.C.assumesthattransportationcostsdonotexist.D.explainswhycountriesexportandalsoimportdifferentiatedversionsofthesameproduct,suchasdifferenttypesofautos.正確答案：D15【單選題】(3分)Industriesinwhicheconomiesoflarge-scaleproductionareimportantA.encourageeachnationtoproduceafullrangeofproductswithinsuchindustries.B.provideadditionalcostincentivesforspecializationandtrade.C.tendtonotparticipateininternationaltrade.D.reducethepotentialgainsfromtrade.正確答案：B1【單選題】(1分)對(duì)每件襯衣征收兩美元的關(guān)稅屬于A.從量關(guān)稅B.出口關(guān)稅C.從價(jià)關(guān)稅D.混合關(guān)稅正確答案：A2【單選題】(1分)AnimporttariffisA.aquantitativerestrictiononimports.B.ataxleviedonanimportedproduct.C.agovernmentprohibitionagainstimportsofcertainsensitiveproducts.D.ascheduleofapprovedratesorpricesforimports.正確答案：B3【判斷題】(1分)Ataxof10percentonimportsofshoeswouldbeanexampleofaspecifictariff.A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A4【單選題】(4分)Ifacountryplacesa10percenttariffonimportsofshoesanda5percenttariffonimportsofallmaterialsrequiredformakingshoes,theeffectiverateofprotectionprovidedfortheshoemakingindustrywillbeA.10percent.B.5percent.C.between10percentand5percent,dependingontheimportanceofimportedmaterials.D.higherthan10percent.正確答案：D5【單選題】(3分)ThesmallnationmodelforestimatingwelfareeffectsoftariffsappliestoA.nationsthatpopulationsbelowtenmillionpeople.B.nationsthataresmallerthantheirmajortradingpartners.C.nationsthatarepricetakers,toosmalltoaffectthroughtheirownsupplyordemandthetradingpriceoftheparticularproductinquestion.D.nationswithpercapitaincomelevelsbelow$500peryear.正確答案：C6【單選題】(2分)Ifanationfittingthecriteriaforthesmallnationmodelimposesa10percenttariffonimportsofautosA.thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillriseby10percent.B.thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillrise,butbylessthan10percentbecauseitisasmallnation.C.thepriceofautoswillnotrisebecauseofinternalcompetition.D.thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillrisebymorethan10percent,becauseofhigheffectiveprotection.正確答案：A7【單選題】(3分)TheredistributiveeffectofatariffreferstoA.thetariffrevenuegoingtothedomesticgovernment.B.redistributionofprofitsfromforeignproducerstodomesticproducers.C.thefundstransferredtodomesticproducerstocompensatefortheirrelativeinefficiency,comparedwithforeignproducers.D.thehigherprofitsreceivedbydomesticproducersattheexpenseofconsumers.正確答案：D8【判斷題】(3分)Anationthatcreatesatariffhighenoughtopreservethedomesticmarketentirelyfordomesticproducerswillalsobenefitfromsignificanttariffrevenue.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A9【單選題】(3分)Ifa

largenation

imposesanimporttariffA.thenationwillgainstaticwelfareifthebenefitfromforcingforeignproducerstoreducetheirexportpriceexceedstheprotectiveeffectplusthedeadweightlossfromthetariff.B.theeffectsonthenation'stradingpartnersprobablywillbetoosmallforthemtonotice.C.thedomesticpriceoftheproductwillincreasebymorethanthetariffitself.D.thewelfarelosstothenationwillbelargerthaninthesmallcountrymodel.正確答案：D10【單選題】(1分)AnimportquotaisanontarifftradebarrierthatA.rewardsfirmsformeetingorexceedingtheirsalesquotas.B.placesapercentagetaxoncertainimports.C.placesalimitonthequantityofgoodsthatmaybeimported.D.placesaspecificdollaramountoftaxoncertainimports.正確答案：C11【判斷題】(2分)Toavoidtheuncertaintyaboutwhichforeignnationswillbeallowedtoexporttoanationusingquotarestrictions,thatnationislikelytoimplementa

aselectivequota.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：B12【判斷題】(2分)Animportquotawillnotraisethedomesticpriceoftheproductaswouldatariff,becauseitisnotataxonimports.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A13【判斷題】(2分)Healthandsafetystandardsestablishedbynationalgovernmentscannotbeconsiderednontarifftradebarriers.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A1【單選題】(3分)Ina“first-best”world:A.Freetradeharmseveryone.B.Freetradeiseconomicallyefficient.C.Freetradebenefitseveryone.D.Freetradeisnotoptimal.正確答案：B2【單選題】(2分)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?I.Ifyoungfirmsarestrugglingtoobtainfundingfromunderdevelopedfinancialmarkets,themostefficientpolicysolutionwouldbeaproductionsubsidy.II.Ifyoungfirmsarestrugglingtoretaintheirtrainedworkers,thengovernmentshouldofferasubsidytooffsetthecostsoftrainingworkers.III.Infantindustrytariffsarelesslikelytoberemovedthaninfantindustrysubsidies.A.IandIIB.IonlyC.IIandIIID.IIonly正確答案：C3【單選題】(1分)Whichofthefollowingargumentsforprotectionstatesthatimport-competingfirmsthatarestrugglingtostayinbusinessshouldbeprovidedprotectioninordertomaintainjobsandcontinuedomesticproduction?A.Thenationaldefenseargument.B.Thedevelopinggovernmentargument.C.Thedyingindustryargument.D.Theinfantindustryargument.正確答案：D4【判斷題】(1分)Afree-tradearearemovestradebarriersbetweenmembercountries,butallowsthemembercountriestomaintaintheirowntradebarriersagainsttradewithnonmembercountries.A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：A5【判斷題】(1分)Intheabsenceofanyotherdistortion,atariffwillcreateadistortion,butagovernmentsubsidywillnotcreateadistortion.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A6【判斷題】(1分)Themostfavorednation(MFN)principlestatesthatanytradeconcessiongiventoanyforeigncountrymustbegiventoallothercountrieshavingthesameMFNstatus.A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：B7【判斷題】(1分)Tradecreationisthevolumeoftradethatisredirectedfromlow-costexporterstohigher-costtradeblocmembercountries.A.對(duì)B.錯(cuò)正確答案：B8【單選題】(3分)Theinfant-industryargumentforprotectionA.showsthattariffsprovidetheonlyeffectivemeansofsupportingnewindustries.B.advocatesthateachnationprovidetariffprotectionforthedomesticmanufacturingofproductsusedbyinfants,tohelpeachnationpreserveitsownuniqueculturalidentity.C.dvocatespermanenttariffprotectionfornewindustries.D.advocatestheshieldingofnewindustriesfromimportsuntiltheyhavegrownstrongandefficientenoughtowithstandthecompetitionfromforeignproducers.正確答案：D1【多選題】(3分)自2018年開(kāi)始的本輪中美貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端，主要原因是：A.中國(guó)實(shí)際上已超越美國(guó)中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)企業(yè)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)不足B.中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)貨物貿(mào)易長(zhǎng)期存在較大順差C.中國(guó)實(shí)際上已超越美國(guó)D.中國(guó)部分市場(chǎng)（如金融、電信、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等）未充分開(kāi)放正確答案：ABD2【多選題】(3分)后發(fā)國(guó)家的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)略主要包括：A.進(jìn)口替代B.公平貿(mào)易政策C.戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策D.出口導(dǎo)向正確答案：AD3【判斷題】(3分)進(jìn)口替代戰(zhàn)略所依據(jù)的一個(gè)重要理論是“幼稚產(chǎn)業(yè)理論”。A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：B4【多選題】(3分)關(guān)于進(jìn)口替代戰(zhàn)略的不足之處，下列說(shuō)法正確的是：A.國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)由于受到貿(mào)易限制的保護(hù)而免受國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，因此它們沒(méi)有提高效率的動(dòng)機(jī)。B.進(jìn)口替代還容易滋生腐敗。C.由于許多發(fā)展中國(guó)家的國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)規(guī)模較小，制造商無(wú)法利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)，因此單位成本較高。D.因?yàn)樵谑鼙Ｗo(hù)工業(yè)中使用的資源本來(lái)可以用于其他地方;保護(hù)與進(jìn)口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的生產(chǎn)者會(huì)自動(dòng)歧視所有其他行業(yè)，包括潛在的出口行業(yè)。E.一旦投資只因?yàn)殛P(guān)稅和配額而有利可圖的活動(dòng)，任何取消這些限制的企圖一般都受到強(qiáng)烈抵制。正確答案：ABCDE5【判斷題】(3分)多數(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究表明，采取進(jìn)口替代戰(zhàn)略的國(guó)家比采取出口導(dǎo)向戰(zhàn)略的國(guó)家有更持久的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和更高的增長(zhǎng)率。A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A6【多選題】(3分)出口導(dǎo)向戰(zhàn)略的優(yōu)點(diǎn)包括：A.通過(guò)保持對(duì)進(jìn)口商品的低限制，它們對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)施加了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力，迫使它們提高效率B.通過(guò)提供更大的（面向國(guó)際的）銷售市場(chǎng)，它們使國(guó)內(nèi)制造商有更大的空間來(lái)利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)C.它鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家可能具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)業(yè)，如勞動(dòng)密集型制成品正確答案：ABC7【判斷題】(3分)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)40年來(lái)告訴增長(zhǎng)的決定性因素是“三大改造”時(shí)期建立的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。A.錯(cuò)B.對(duì)正確答案：A8【判斷題】(3分)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)40年高速增長(zhǎng)，并已成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體，最關(guān)鍵的原因是改革開(kāi)放，即對(duì)內(nèi)進(jìn)行市場(chǎng)化改革，對(duì)外實(shí)施出