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-2026學(xué)年八年級上冊英語單元測試(南通專用)Unit3·培優(yōu)卷學(xué)校:___________班級:___________姓名:___________分?jǐn)?shù):___________(時間:120分鐘,滿分:120分)一、單項選擇。(本大題共10小題,每小題1.5分,共15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.BenjaminFranklinwasagreatmanwholovedlearning.Heeventaught______manythingsbyreadingbookswhenhewasyoung.A.himself B.herself C.yourself D.themselves【答案】A【解析】句意為“本杰明?富蘭克林是一位熱愛學(xué)習(xí)的偉人。他年輕時甚至通過讀書自學(xué)了很多東西”??疾榉瓷泶~的用法,主語“BenjaminFranklin”是男性單數(shù),對應(yīng)的反身代詞應(yīng)為“himself”;結(jié)合文檔中提及富蘭克林在哥哥的印刷廠工作時通過大量閱讀自學(xué)的內(nèi)容,可知此處需體現(xiàn)“自學(xué)”,故填A(yù)。2.—WhichstudentlearnsEnglish______inyourclass?—Lucy.ShealwaysgetsthehighestscoreinEnglishexams.A.good B.better C.best D.well【答案】C【解析】句意為“——你們班哪個學(xué)生英語學(xué)得最好?——露西。她英語考試總是得最高分”。考查副詞最高級的用法,句中“inyourclass”明確了比較范圍(三者及以上),需用最高級;“l(fā)earn”是動詞,需用副詞修飾,“well”的最高級為“best”,符合文檔中“比較級和最高級副詞用于比較多個行為或表現(xiàn)”的語法知識點,故填C。3.Mybrotherisinterestedinscience.Hewantstobea______likeEdisonandinventmanyusefulthings.A.printer B.inventor C.scientist D.tourist【答案】B【解析】句意為“我哥哥對科學(xué)感興趣。他想成為像愛迪生一樣的發(fā)明家,發(fā)明很多有用的東西”??疾槊~詞義辨析,“inventmanyusefulthings”(發(fā)明很多有用的東西)是關(guān)鍵提示,對應(yīng)“發(fā)明家”;文檔中提及富蘭克林作為發(fā)明家的身份,且提到“inventor”表示“發(fā)明家”,故填B。4.Youshouldmakeastudyplan.Itwillhelpyoumanageyourtime______thanbefore.A.morewisely B.wisely C.mostwisely D.wise【答案】A【解析】句意為“你應(yīng)該制定一個學(xué)習(xí)計劃。它會幫助你比以前更明智地管理時間”。考查副詞比較級的用法,句中“thanbefore”是比較級的標(biāo)志;“manage”是動詞,需用副詞修飾,“wisely”是多音節(jié)副詞,其比較級為“morewisely”,符合文檔中“多音節(jié)副詞比較級在詞前加more”的規(guī)則,故填A(yù)。5.—IfindithardtorememberEnglishwords.WhatshouldIdo?—YoucanreadEnglishstorieseveryday.Ithelpsyoulearnnewwords______.A.free B.freely C.forfree D.morefree【答案】B【解析】句意為“——我發(fā)現(xiàn)記英語單詞很難。我該怎么辦?——你可以每天讀英語故事。這能幫助你輕松地學(xué)習(xí)新單詞”。考查副詞的用法,“l(fā)earn”是動詞,需用副詞修飾;“freely”表示“輕松地、自如地”,符合“通過閱讀輕松學(xué)單詞”的語境;文檔中提及閱讀對學(xué)習(xí)的幫助,故填B。6.Mycousintaught______toplaytheguitarlastyear.Nowshecanplaymanybeautifulsongs.A.myself B.herself C.himself D.yourselves【答案】B【解析】句意為“我表妹去年自學(xué)了彈吉他?,F(xiàn)在她能彈很多好聽的曲子了”。考查反身代詞的用法,主語“mycousin”是女性單數(shù),對應(yīng)的反身代詞應(yīng)為“herself”;結(jié)合文檔中“teachoneself”表示“自學(xué)”的用法,可知此處需體現(xiàn)“自學(xué)”,故填B。7.Amongallthesubjects,TomstudiesMaths______.HespendstwohoursdoingMathsexerciseseveryevening.A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.morehard【答案】C【解析】句意為“在所有科目中,湯姆數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)得最努力。他每天晚上花兩個小時做數(shù)學(xué)練習(xí)題”??疾楦痹~最高級的用法,句中“Amongallthesubjects”明確了比較范圍(三者及以上),需用最高級;“study”是動詞,需用副詞修飾,“hard”的最高級為“hardest”,符合文檔中“學(xué)習(xí)需努力”的內(nèi)容,故填C。8.Agoodteachercan______studentshowtolearninsteadofjustgivingthemanswers.A.teach B.learn C.give D.show【答案】A【解析】句意為“一位好老師能教學(xué)生如何學(xué)習(xí),而不只是給他們答案”??疾閯釉~詞義辨析,“teachsb.howtolearn”(教某人如何學(xué)習(xí))是固定搭配;文檔中提及“好老師會引導(dǎo)學(xué)生走上正確的道路”,強調(diào)教師的“教學(xué)”作用,故填A(yù)。9.—Whydidyoustayuplatelastnight?—I______tofinishreadingastorybookaboutBenjaminFranklin.A.tried B.wanted C.needed D.decided【答案】C【解析】句意為“——你昨晚為什么熬夜了?——我需要讀完那本關(guān)于本杰明?富蘭克林的故事書”??疾閯釉~詞義辨析,“stayuplate”(熬夜)的目的是“需要完成閱讀”,“needed”表示“需要”,符合語境;文檔中提及富蘭克林為了早點還書常熬夜閱讀,此處語境與“熬夜完成閱讀”一致,故填C。10.Learningaforeignlanguageislikealongjourney.Youneedtotakethefirststep______andkeepgoing.A.carefully B.morecarefully C.mostcarefully D.careful【答案】A【解析】句意為“學(xué)習(xí)一門外語就像一段漫長的旅程。你需要認(rèn)真地邁出第一步,然后堅持下去”??疾楦痹~原級的用法,句中無比較含義,需用原級;“takethefirststep”是動詞短語,需用副詞修飾,“carefully”表示“認(rèn)真地”,符合文檔中“千里之行始于足下”所體現(xiàn)的“認(rèn)真對待第一步”的理念,故填A(yù)。二、完形填空。(本大題共15小題,每小題1分,共15分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。Inrecentyears,theworldhaswitnessedremarkableadvancementsinscienceandtechnology.Thesechangesarenotonly11ourdailylivesbutalsohavingaprofoundimpactonnationaldefenseandinternationalstatus.Takethedevelopmentofdrones(無人機)forexample.Droneswereinitiallyusedmainlyfor12purposes,liketakingphotosandvideosfromthesky.Butwiththe13oftechnology,theyhavefoundwideapplicationsinmanyfields.Inthemilitary,dronescanbeusedfor14missionswithoutputtingsoldiers'livesindanger.Theyareequippedwithadvancedcamerasandsensorsthatcan15enemymovementsfromalongdistance.Chinahasmadegreat16indronetechnology.ThedronesdevelopedinChinaarenotonlyhigh-qualitybutalsocost-effective.Theyhavebeenexportedtomanycountries,17China'sinfluenceintheglobalmarket.What'smore,dronesarealsousedindisaster-reliefefforts.Duringfloodsorearthquakes,theycanquickly18thedamagedareasandprovidevaluableinformationforrescueteams.Anothersignificantareaofdevelopmentis5Gtechnology.Ithas19aneweraofhigh-speedcommunication.With5G,datacanbetransferredatanincrediblyfastspeed.Thistechnologyiscrucialforthedevelopmentofsmartcities,20everythingfromtrafficlightstohomeappliancescanbeconnectedandcontrolledremotely.Inthemilitary,5Genablesreal-timecommunicationbetweensoldiersandcommandcenters,21bettercoordination(協(xié)調(diào))duringoperations.The93rdVictoryDayParadealsoshowcasedChina'sachievementsinscienceandtechnology.Theadvancedmilitaryequipmentondisplaywasa22ofthecountry'sscientificandtechnologicalstrength.ItwasclearthatChinawas23intheraceofglobaltechnologicaldevelopment.However,thejourneyofscientificandtechnologicalinnovationisnevereasy.Itrequirescontinuousinvestmentinresearchanddevelopment,aswellasalargenumberof24talents.Scientistsandresearchersneedtoworkharddayandnight,facingnumerouschallengesandsetbacks.Butwiththeirperseveranceanddedication,theyareconstantlypushingtheboundariesoftechnology.Asstudents,weshouldalsobeinspiredbytheseachievements.Weshouldstudyhardanddevelopaninterestinscienceandtechnology.Whoknows?Maybeoneday,wewillalso25tothedevelopmentofourcountry'sscienceandtechnology.11.A.changing B.changed C.tochange D.change12.A.entertainment B.entertain C.entertained D.entertaining13.A.progress B.promise C.problem D.process14.A.dangerous B.danger C.endanger D.endangered15.A.notice B.watch C.observe D.see16.A.mistakes B.achievements C.decisions D.chances17.A.increasing B.decreasing C.improving D.reducing18.A.arrive B.reach C.get D.go19.A.started B.ended C.stopped D.created20.A.which B.that C.where D.when21.A.allowing B.making C.helping D.letting22.A.symbol B.signal C.sign D.sight23.A.fallingbehind B.catchingup C.givingup D.showingoff24.A.creative B.creation C.create D.creatively25.A.makeamistake B.makeadecision C.makeacontribution D.makeadifference【答案】11.A 12.A 13.A 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.C21.A 22.A 23.B 24.A 25.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文,主旨大意為:近年來全球科技取得顯著進步,文章以無人機技術(shù)和5G技術(shù)為核心例子,闡述了科技對日常生活、國防、國際地位及災(zāi)害救援等領(lǐng)域的深遠影響,重點提及中國在無人機、5G等科技領(lǐng)域的成就,同時指出科技創(chuàng)新需持續(xù)投入與人才支持,并鼓勵學(xué)生以科技成就為激勵,未來為國家科技發(fā)展貢獻力量。11.句意:這些變化不僅正在改變我們的日常生活,還對國防和國際地位產(chǎn)生深遠影響。解題依據(jù):句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“notonly...butalso...”,前后時態(tài)需一致,后半句“havingaprofoundimpact”是現(xiàn)在分詞形式,故前半句也需用現(xiàn)在分詞,構(gòu)成“arechanging”的現(xiàn)在進行時,符合“當(dāng)前科技正在持續(xù)改變生活”的語境。上下文依據(jù):前句“Inrecentyears,theworldhaswitnessedremarkableadvancementsinscienceandtechnology”(近年來全球科技顯著進步),說明科技進步帶來的變化是“正在發(fā)生”的,需用現(xiàn)在進行時。12.句意:無人機最初主要用于娛樂目的,比如從空中拍攝照片和視頻。解題依據(jù):空格后“purposes”(目的)是名詞,需用名詞修飾,選項中只有A(entertainment,娛樂,名詞)符合語法要求;B(entertain,動詞,使娛樂)、C(entertained,形容詞/動詞過去式,感到娛樂的/被娛樂)、D(entertaining,形容詞/動詞現(xiàn)在分詞,有趣的/使人娛樂)均無法修飾名詞“purposes”。上下文依據(jù):后半句“l(fā)iketakingphotosandvideosfromthesky”(比如空中拍照片和視頻)是典型的娛樂活動,印證空格處需表示“娛樂”含義。13.句意:但隨著技術(shù)的進步,它們(無人機)在許多領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。解題依據(jù):結(jié)合語境,“技術(shù)的進步”才能讓無人機從“娛樂用途”擴展到“多領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用”,選項A(progress,進步,名詞)符合邏輯;B(promise,承諾)、C(problem,問題)、D(process,過程)均無法體現(xiàn)“技術(shù)發(fā)展推動應(yīng)用擴展”的含義。上下文依據(jù):前句講無人機“最初用于娛樂”,后句講“在軍事、災(zāi)害救援等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用”,中間需一個“技術(shù)發(fā)展”的過渡,“progressoftechnology”(技術(shù)進步)恰好銜接這一變化。14.句意:在軍事領(lǐng)域,無人機可用于執(zhí)行危險任務(wù),而無需讓士兵的生命陷入危險。解題依據(jù):空格后“missions”(任務(wù))是名詞,需用形容詞修飾,選項A(dangerous,危險的,形容詞)符合語法;B(danger,名詞,危險)、C(endanger,動詞,危及)、D(endangered,形容詞,瀕危的)均不符合“修飾任務(wù)”的語境(“瀕危任務(wù)”邏輯不通)。上下文依據(jù):后半句“withoutputtingsoldiers'livesindanger”(不讓士兵生命陷入危險),說明任務(wù)本身是“危險的”,故用“dangerousmissions”。15.句意:它們(無人機)配備了先進的攝像頭和傳感器,能從遠距離觀察敵人的動向。解題依據(jù):選項需體現(xiàn)“軍事領(lǐng)域中對敵人動向的精準(zhǔn)監(jiān)測”,A(notice,注意到,側(cè)重偶然發(fā)現(xiàn))、B(watch,觀看,側(cè)重持續(xù)關(guān)注日常事物)、D(see,看見,側(cè)重視覺上的“看到”)均無“有目的、精準(zhǔn)監(jiān)測”的含義;C(observe,觀察,側(cè)重有計劃、細(xì)致地監(jiān)測)符合軍事場景中“監(jiān)測敵人動向”的需求。上下文依據(jù):前句提到無人機用于“軍事任務(wù)”,且配備“advancedcamerasandsensors”(先進攝像頭和傳感器),這些設(shè)備的功能是“精準(zhǔn)觀察敵人動向”,而非簡單的“看到”或“注意到”。16.句意:中國在無人機技術(shù)方面取得了巨大成就。解題依據(jù):“makeachievementsinsth”是固定搭配,意為“在某方面取得成就”,符合語境;A(mistakes,錯誤,“犯錯誤”是makemistakes,與“中國無人機技術(shù)”的積極語境不符)、C(decisions,決定,“做決定”是makedecisions,無“技術(shù)發(fā)展”的含義)、D(chances,機會,“抓住機會”是catchchances,與“取得”搭配不當(dāng))。上下文依據(jù):后句“ThedronesdevelopedinChinaarenotonlyhigh-qualitybutalsocost-effective”(中國研發(fā)的無人機既高質(zhì)量又性價比高),說明中國在該領(lǐng)域有“成就”,而非錯誤、決定或機會。17.句意:它們(中國無人機)已出口到許多國家,提升了中國在全球市場的影響力。解題依據(jù):無人機出口到多國,必然會“提升”影響力,A(increasing,提升、增加,動詞現(xiàn)在分詞)符合邏輯;B(decreasing,減少)、D(reducing,降低)與“出口成功”的積極語境相反;C(improving,改善,側(cè)重“使某物變得更好”,不與“influence”(影響力)搭配,“提升影響力”常用increaseinfluence)。上下文依據(jù):前句提到中國無人機“high-qualitybutalsocost-effective”(高質(zhì)量且性價比高),出口多國是“積極成果”,必然帶來“影響力提升”,而非降低。18.句意:在洪水或地震期間,它們(無人機)能快速抵達受損區(qū)域,為救援隊提供有價值的信息。解題依據(jù):空格后是“thedamagedareas”(受損區(qū)域,名詞短語),需用及物動詞(直接接賓語);A(arrive,到達,不及物動詞,需搭配介詞at/in)、C(get,到達,不及物動詞,需搭配介詞to)、D(go,去,不及物動詞,需搭配介詞to)均需加介詞才能接賓語;B(reach,到達,及物動詞,可直接接賓語)符合語法。上下文依據(jù):災(zāi)害期間時間緊迫,無人機需“快速抵達”災(zāi)區(qū),空格后直接接“thedamagedareas”,需及物動詞,故用reach。19.句意:它(5G技術(shù))開創(chuàng)了高速通信的新時代。解題依據(jù):“createanewera”是固定搭配,意為“開創(chuàng)新時代”,符合5G技術(shù)“帶來通信變革”的語境;A(started,開始,側(cè)重“啟動某個過程”,不與“era”(時代)搭配)、B(ended,結(jié)束)、C(stopped,停止)與“5G技術(shù)的積極影響”相反。上下文依據(jù):后句“With5G,datacanbetransferredatanincrediblyfastspeed”(5G使數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速度極快),說明5G“開啟了新的通信時代”,而非結(jié)束或停止。20.句意:這項技術(shù)(5G)對智慧城市的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要,在智慧城市中,從交通燈到家用電器的一切都能被遠程連接和控制。解題依據(jù):空格引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞是“smartcities”(智慧城市,地點名詞),從句中不缺主語或賓語,需用關(guān)系副詞“where”(在那里)指代“insmartcities”;A(which,關(guān)系代詞,指代物,從句缺主語/賓語時用)、B(that,關(guān)系代詞,指代人/物,從句缺主語/賓語時用)、D(when,關(guān)系副詞,指代時間,先行詞是時間名詞時用)均不符合。上下文依據(jù):從句“everythingfromtrafficlightstohomeappliancescanbeconnectedandcontrolledremotely”(交通燈到家電可遠程控制)的場景是“在智慧城市里”,先行詞是地點,故用where。21.句意:在軍事領(lǐng)域,5G實現(xiàn)了士兵與指揮中心的實時通信,使行動期間能更好地協(xié)調(diào)。解題依據(jù):空格需體現(xiàn)“實時通信帶來的結(jié)果——更好的協(xié)調(diào)”,A(allowing,使能夠、允許,動詞現(xiàn)在分詞,表結(jié)果)符合邏輯;B(making,使,常用“makesb/sthdo”,空格后是“bettercoordination”(名詞短語),無動詞原形,搭配不當(dāng))、C(helping,幫助,需搭配“sb(to)do”,與“bettercoordination”搭配不當(dāng))、D(letting,讓,常用“l(fā)etsbdo”,同樣與名詞短語“bettercoordination”搭配不當(dāng))。上下文依據(jù):前句“5Genablesreal-timecommunication”(5G實現(xiàn)實時通信),實時通信的結(jié)果是“行動協(xié)調(diào)更順暢”,“allowingbettercoordination”是現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,符合語法和語境。22.句意:展出的先進軍事裝備是該國科技實力的象征。解題依據(jù):“asymbolofsth”是固定搭配,意為“某物的象征”,符合“軍事裝備代表科技實力”的語境;B(signal,信號,側(cè)重“傳遞信息的信號”)、C(sign,跡象,側(cè)重“暗示某物存在的跡象”)、D(sight,景象,側(cè)重“視覺上的場景”)均無“象征”的含義。上下文依據(jù):前句“The93rdVictoryDayParadealsoshowcasedChina'sachievementsinscienceandtechnology”(第93個勝利日閱兵展示中國科技成就),展出的軍事裝備是“科技實力的象征”,而非信號、跡象或景象。23.句意:很明顯,中國在全球科技發(fā)展的競爭中正在迎頭趕上。解題依據(jù):文章前文多次提及中國在無人機、5G、軍事裝備等領(lǐng)域的成就,說明中國在科技競爭中“處于積極追趕或領(lǐng)先的狀態(tài)”;A(fallingbehind,落后)與成就語境相反;C(givingup,放棄)不符合“科技發(fā)展”的持續(xù)態(tài)勢;D(showingoff,炫耀,含貶義,與客觀說明成就的語境不符);B(catchingup,迎頭趕上,符合中國科技“快速發(fā)展、縮小差距”的現(xiàn)狀)。上下文依據(jù):前文提到中國無人機“出口多國”、5G“開創(chuàng)新時代”、閱兵展示“先進軍事裝備”,這些成就表明中國在科技競爭中“正在迎頭趕上”,而非落后或放棄。24.句意:它(科技創(chuàng)新)需要對研發(fā)的持續(xù)投入,以及大量有創(chuàng)造力的人才。解題依據(jù):空格后“talents”(人才)是名詞,需用形容詞修飾;A(creative,有創(chuàng)造力的,形容詞)符合語法和語境(科技創(chuàng)新需要“有創(chuàng)造力的人才”);B(creation,名詞,創(chuàng)造)、C(create,動詞,創(chuàng)造)、D(creatively,副詞,有創(chuàng)造力地)均無法修飾名詞“talents”。上下文依據(jù):前句“thejourneyofscientificandtechnologicalinnovationisnevereasy”(科技創(chuàng)新之路不易),創(chuàng)新必然需要“有創(chuàng)造力的人才”,故用creative修飾talents。25.句意:也許有一天,我們也能為國家的科技發(fā)展做出貢獻。解題依據(jù):文章鼓勵學(xué)生以科技成就為激勵,未來應(yīng)“為科技發(fā)展做貢獻”;A(makeamistake,犯錯誤,與積極鼓勵的語境相反);B(makeadecision,做決定,無“為科技發(fā)展出力”的含義);D(makeadifference,產(chǎn)生影響,側(cè)重“改變現(xiàn)狀”,但“為……做貢獻”更貼合“學(xué)生助力國家科技發(fā)展”的語境,且“makeacontributiontosth”是固定搭配,意為“為某物做貢獻”,符合“tothedevelopment”的介詞搭配);C(makeacontribution,做出貢獻,既符合搭配又符合語境)。上下文依據(jù):前句“Asstudents,weshouldalsobeinspiredbytheseachievements.Weshouldstudyhardanddevelopaninterestinscienceandtechnology”(學(xué)生應(yīng)受成就激勵,努力學(xué)習(xí)、培養(yǎng)科技興趣),最終目標(biāo)是“為國家科技發(fā)展做貢獻”,故用makeacontribution。三、閱讀理解。(本大題共15小題,每小題2分,共30分)(A)TheMagicof3DPrinting3Dprinting,alsoknownasadditivemanufacturing,isarevolutionarytechnologythathasthepotentialtochangethewayweliveandwork.Itallowsustocreatethree-dimensionalobjectsbylayeringmaterialsontopofeachother,basedonadigitalmodel.Oneofthemostsignificantadvantagesof3Dprintingisitsabilitytoproducecustomizedproducts.Traditionalmanufacturingmethodsareoftenexpensiveandtime-consumingwhenitcomestomakinguniqueitems.Butwith3Dprinting,companiescanquicklyandcheaplycreateproductstailoredtoindividualcustomers'needs.Forexample,inthemedicalfield,doctorscanuse3Dprintingtocreatepersonalizedprosthetics(假肢)forpatients.Theseprostheticsfitbetterandaremorecomfortablethanmass-producedones.3Dprintingalsohasapositiveimpactontheenvironment.Sinceitonlyusestheamountofmaterialrequiredtocreateanobject,thereislesswastecomparedtotraditionalmanufacturing.Additionally,3D-printedproductscanbedesignedtobemorelightweight,whichreducesenergyconsumptionduringtransportation.Anotherexcitingaspectof3Dprintingisitspotentialinthefieldofarchitecture.Architectscanuse3Dprintingtocreatescalemodelsofbuildingsinashorttime.Thesemodelshelpclientsvisualizethefinalproductandmakechangeseasily.Inthefuture,3Dprintingmayevenbeusedtoconstructentirebuildings.Somecompaniesarealreadyexperimentingwith3D-printedhouses,whichcanbebuiltfasterandatalowercost.However,3Dprintingalsofacessomechallenges.Thetechnologyisstillrelativelynew,andthequalityof3D-printedproductscanvary.Also,thematerialsavailablefor3Dprintingaresomewhatlimited,andtheycanbeexpensive.Despitethesechallenges,3Dprintingislikelytoplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinourlives.Asthetechnologycontinuestoimprove,wecanexpecttoseemoreinnovativeapplicationsinvariousfields.26.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.3Dprintingisanewtechnologywithnodisadvantages.B.3Dprintingcanonlybeusedinthemedicalandarchitecturalfields.C.3Dprintingisarevolutionarytechnologywithadvantagesandchallenges.D.3Dprintingistooexpensivetobewidelyused.27.Whyis3Dprintinggoodfortheenvironment?A.Itusesmorematerialsthantraditionalmanufacturing.B.Itproducesmorewastethantraditionalmanufacturing.C.Itusesonlythenecessaryamountofmaterialandcancreatelightweightproducts.D.Itcreatesproductsthatareheavierandneedmoreenergytotransport.28.Inthemedicalfield,3Dprintingcanbeusedto________.A.createmass-producedprostheticsB.makeprostheticsthatfitpatientsbetterC.helpdoctorsperformsurgeriesD.replacedoctorsintreatingpatients29.Whatarethechallengesof3Dprinting?A.Thetechnologyistoooldandtheproductsareofpoorquality.B.Thequalityofproductsvariesandtheavailablematerialsarelimitedandexpensive.C.Therearenochallenges;itisaperfecttechnology.D.Itcan'tbeusedinmanyfields.【答案】26.C 27.C 28.B 29.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了3D打?。ㄓ址Q增材制造)這一革命性技術(shù)——先闡述其核心原理(基于數(shù)字模型逐層疊加材料制造三維物體),再從“定制化生產(chǎn)(如醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的個性化假肢)”“環(huán)保優(yōu)勢(減少材料浪費、降低運輸能耗)”“建筑領(lǐng)域潛力(快速制作建筑模型、嘗試3D打印房屋)”三個方面說明其優(yōu)勢,同時指出技術(shù)較新、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不穩(wěn)定、可用材料有限且昂貴等挑戰(zhàn),最終總結(jié)3D打印雖有挑戰(zhàn),但未來將在更多領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮重要作用。26.主旨大意題。答案符合語境原因:選項C完整概括了文章核心內(nèi)容——既提到3D打印是“革命性技術(shù)”,也涵蓋了其“優(yōu)勢”與“挑戰(zhàn)”,與文章結(jié)構(gòu)(先講優(yōu)勢、再講挑戰(zhàn)、最后總結(jié))完全匹配。依據(jù)原文:文章開篇定義3D打印為“revolutionarytechnology”,中間大篇幅介紹其在定制化、環(huán)保、建筑領(lǐng)域的優(yōu)勢,第五段以“However”轉(zhuǎn)折提出“challenges”,最后一段總結(jié)“Despitethesechallenges,3Dprintingislikelytoplayanincreasinglyimportantrole”,整體圍繞“優(yōu)勢與挑戰(zhàn)”展開,故C正確。排除其他選項:A中“nodisadvantages”與原文“facessomechallenges”矛盾;B中“onlybeusedinthemedicalandarchitecturalfields”與原文“innovativeapplicationsinvariousfields”不符;D中“tooexpensivetobewidelyused”與原文“l(fā)ikelytoplayanincreasinglyimportantrole”相悖。27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案符合語境原因:選項C直接對應(yīng)原文中3D打印“環(huán)?!钡膬蓚€具體原因——“使用必要數(shù)量的材料”和“制造輕量化產(chǎn)品”,是對原文細(xì)節(jié)的精準(zhǔn)概括。依據(jù)原文:第三段明確提到“Sinceitonlyusestheamountofmaterialrequiredtocreateanobject,thereislesswastecomparedtotraditionalmanufacturing.Additionally,3D-printedproductscanbedesignedtobemorelightweight,whichreducesenergyconsumptionduringtransportation”,即“用必要材料減少浪費”和“輕量化產(chǎn)品降低運輸能耗”,與選項C完全一致。排除其他選項:A中“usesmorematerials”、B中“producesmorewaste”均與原文“l(fā)esswaste”相反;D中“heavierandneedmoreenergytotransport”與原文“morelightweight”“reducesenergyconsumption”相悖。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案符合語境原因:選項B是對原文“醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域3D打印應(yīng)用”的直接提煉,明確指出其核心優(yōu)勢是“假肢更貼合患者”,與原文細(xì)節(jié)完全匹配。依據(jù)原文:第二段提到“inthemedicalfield,doctorscanuse3Dprintingtocreatepersonalizedprostheticsforpatients.Theseprostheticsfitbetterandaremorecomfortablethanmass-producedones”,即“3D打印制作個性化假肢,比批量生產(chǎn)的更貼合、更舒適”,選項B“makeprostheticsthatfitpatientsbetter”正是此句的同義表達。排除其他選項:A中“mass-producedprosthetics”與原文“personalizedprosthetics”相反;C中“helpdoctorsperformsurgeries”、D中“replacedoctors”在原文均未提及,屬于無中生有。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案符合語境原因:選項B直接引用原文中3D打印的兩大挑戰(zhàn)——“產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不穩(wěn)定”和“材料有限且昂貴”,是對原文細(xì)節(jié)的準(zhǔn)確復(fù)述。依據(jù)原文:第五段明確指出“3Dprintingalsofacessomechallenges.Thetechnologyisstillrelativelynew,andthequalityof3D-printedproductscanvary.Also,thematerialsavailablefor3Dprintingaresomewhatlimited,andtheycanbeexpensive”,即“挑戰(zhàn)包括產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不穩(wěn)定、可用材料有限且昂貴”,與選項B完全一致。排除其他選項:A中“technologyistooold”與原文“stillrelativelynew”相反;C中“nochallenges;itisaperfecttechnology”與原文“facessomechallenges”矛盾;D中“can'tbeusedinmanyfields”與原文“innovativeapplicationsinvariousfields”不符。(B)TheFutureofArtificialIntelligenceinEducationArtificialintelligence(AI)israpidlychangingthelandscapeofeducation.WiththedevelopmentofAItechnology,educatorscannowprovidemorepersonalizedlearningexperiencesforstudents.AI-powerededucationalplatformscananalyzestudents'learninghabits,strengths,andweaknesses.Basedonthisdata,theycancreatecustomizedlearningplansforeachstudent.Forexample,ifastudentisstrugglingwithaparticularmathconcept,theAIsystemcanprovideadditionalpracticeproblemsandtargetedexplanations.Thispersonalizedapproachhelpsstudentslearnmoreeffectivelyandattheirownpace.Inaddition,AIcanbeusedtocreateinteractivelearningenvironments.Virtualreality(VR)andaugmentedreality(AR)technologies,combinedwithAI,canmakelearningmoreengagingandimmersive.Studentscanexplorehistoricalevents,visitfar-awayplaces,orconductscienceexperimentsinvirtualsettings.Thisnotonlymakeslearningmorefunbutalsohelpsstudentsbetterunderstandcomplexconcepts.AIalsohasthepotentialtoimproveaccesstoeducation.Insomeremoteareas,theremaynotbeenoughteachersoreducationalresources.ButwithAI-basedonlinelearningplatforms,studentscanaccesshigh-qualityeducationalmaterialsanytime,anywhere.Theseplatformscanevenprovidereal-timefeedbackandsupport,justlikehavingapersonaltutor.However,theuseofAIineducationalsoraisessomeconcerns.ThereareworriesaboutthelossofjobsforteachersasAImayreplacesomeoftheirfunctions.Also,thereareissuesregardingdataprivacy.SinceAIsystemscollectalargeamountofstudentdata,it'simportanttoensurethatthisdataisprotected.Despitetheseconcerns,thefutureofAIineducationlookspromising.AslongasweuseAIinaresponsibleway,itcanbringmanybenefitstothefieldofeducation.30.HowcanAI-powerededucationalplatformshelpstudents?A.Byprovidingthesamelearningplansforallstudents.B.Bycreatingcustomizedlearningplansbasedonstudents'data.C.Bymakingstudentslearnatafasterpace.D.Byonlyfocusingonstudents'strengths.31.WhatistheadvantageofusingVRandARtechnologiesineducation?A.Theycanmakelearningmoreboring.B.Theycanhelpstudentsavoiddoingreal-lifeexperiments.C.Theycanmakelearningmoreengagingandimmersive.D.Theycanonlybeusedinscienceclasses.32.WhataretheconcernsaboutusingAIineducation?A.Therearenoconcerns;AIisperfectforeducation.B.Thelossofjobsforstudentsanddataprivacyissues.C.Thelossofjobsforteachersanddataprivacyissues.D.AIcan'timproveaccesstoeducation.33.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofAIineducation?A.Negative. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Indifferent.【答案】30.B 31.C 32.C 33.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文,圍繞“人工智能(AI)在教育領(lǐng)域的未來”展開,核心內(nèi)容為:先介紹AI給教育帶來的三大積極影響——通過分析學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù)制定個性化學(xué)習(xí)計劃、結(jié)合VR/AR技術(shù)打造互動式學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境、提升教育可及性(助力偏遠地區(qū)學(xué)生獲取優(yōu)質(zhì)資源);再指出AI應(yīng)用的兩大擔(dān)憂——教師崗位流失風(fēng)險與學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù)隱私問題;最后明確觀點:盡管存在擔(dān)憂,但只要負(fù)責(zé)任地使用AI,其在教育領(lǐng)域的未來前景廣闊。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案符合語境原因:選項B精準(zhǔn)對應(yīng)AI教育平臺幫助學(xué)生的核心方式——基于學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù)定制學(xué)習(xí)計劃,與原文細(xì)節(jié)完全一致,無信息偏差。依據(jù)原文:第二段明確提到“AI-powerededucationalplatformscananalyzestudents'learninghabits,strengths,andweaknesses.Basedonthisdata,theycancreatecustomizedlearningplansforeachstudent”,即“AI教育平臺通過分析學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù),為每個學(xué)生制定定制化學(xué)習(xí)計劃”,選項B是該句的同義表達。排除其他選項:A中“samelearningplansforallstudents”與原文“customizedlearningplansforeachstudent”相反;C中“l(fā)earnatafasterpace”與原文“l(fā)earnmoreeffectivelyandattheirownpace”不符(原文強調(diào)“按自身節(jié)奏”,而非“更快節(jié)奏”);D中“onlyfocusingonstudents'strengths”與原文“analyzestudents'learninghabits,strengths,andweaknesses”矛盾(AI同時關(guān)注優(yōu)勢與不足)。31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案符合語境原因:選項C直接引用原文中VR/AR技術(shù)在教育中的核心優(yōu)勢——“讓學(xué)習(xí)更具吸引力和沉浸感”,是對原文信息的準(zhǔn)確提煉。依據(jù)原文:第三段指出“Virtualreality(VR)andaugmentedreality(AR)technologies,combinedwithAI,canmakelearningmoreengagingandimmersive”,即“VR和AR技術(shù)結(jié)合AI,能讓學(xué)習(xí)更具吸引力和沉浸感”,與選項C完全一致。排除其他選項:A中“makelearningmoreboring”與原文“moreengaging”相反;B中“avoiddoingreal-lifeexperiments”在原文未提及(原文僅說“在虛擬環(huán)境中做實驗”,未說“避免真實實驗”);D中“onlybeusedinscienceclasses”與原文“explorehistoricalevents,visitfar-awayplaces,orconductscienceexperiments”矛盾(VR/AR可用于歷史、地理、科學(xué)等多個領(lǐng)域)。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案符合語境原因:選項C準(zhǔn)確概括了原文中AI在教育領(lǐng)域的兩大擔(dān)憂,無遺漏或錯誤,是對細(xì)節(jié)的完整復(fù)述。依據(jù)原文:第五段明確提到“theuseofAIineducationalsoraisessomeconcerns.ThereareworriesaboutthelossofjobsforteachersasAImayreplacesomeoftheirfunctions.Also,thereareissuesregardingdataprivacy”,即“擔(dān)憂包括教師崗位流失和數(shù)據(jù)隱私問題”,與選項C完全匹配。排除其他選項:A中“noconcerns;AIisperfect”與原文“raisessomeconcerns”矛盾;B中“l(fā)ossofjobsforstudents”與原文“l(fā)ossofjobsforteachers”不符(擔(dān)憂的是教師崗位,而非學(xué)生);D中“can'timproveaccesstoeducation”與原文“AIalsohasthepotentialtoimproveaccesstoeducation”相反。33.觀點態(tài)度題。答案符合語境原因:選項B(積極的)準(zhǔn)確反映了作者對AI教育未來的態(tài)度,作者雖提及擔(dān)憂,但最終明確表達了“前景廣闊”的正面判斷。依據(jù)原文:最后一段明確指出“Despitetheseconcerns,thefutureofAIineducationlookspromising.AslongasweuseAIinaresponsibleway,itcanbringmanybenefits”,其中“promising”(有前景的)和“bringmanybenefits”(帶來諸多益處)直接體現(xiàn)了作者的積極態(tài)度,故B正確。排除其他選項:A(消極的)、C(懷疑的)與“promising”“bringmanybenefits”相悖;D(冷漠的)不符合作者明確表達觀點的行文邏輯(作者既分析優(yōu)勢也提及擔(dān)憂,最終給出正面結(jié)論,并非“冷漠”)。(C)TheDevelopmentofRenewableEnergyRenewableenergysources,suchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower,arebecomingincreasinglyimportantintheglobalenergymix.Astheworldlooksforwaystoreduceitsdependenceonfossilfuelsandmitigateclimatechange,renewableenergyoffersasustainablesolution.Solarenergyisoneofthemostpromisingrenewableenergysources.Thesunprovidesanabundantandcleansourceofpower.Solarpanelscanbeinstalledonrooftopsorinlargesolarfarmstoconvertsunlightintoelectricity.Inrecentyears,thecostofsolarpanelshasdecreasedsignificantly,makingsolarenergymoreaccessible.Manycountriesarenowinvestingheavilyinsolarpowerprojectstomeettheirenergyneeds.Windenergyisanotherpopularformofrenewableenergy.Windturbinescanbebuiltonlandoratseatocapturethepowerofthewindandgenerateelectricity.Windenergyisnotonlycleanbutalsorenewable,asthewindwillalwaysblow.Somecountries,likeDenmark,havemadegreatprogressinwindenergydevelopment.Alargepercentageoftheirelectricitycomesfromwindturbines.Hydroelectricpowerisalsowidelyused.Itinvolvesbuildingdamsonriverstostorewater.Whenthewaterisreleased,itflowsthroughturbines,generatingelectricity.Hydroelectricpowerisareliablesourceofenergy,butitcanhavesomeenvironmentalimpacts,suchasaffectingfishmigration.However,thedevelopmentofrenewableenergyalsofaceschallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesistheintermittency(間歇性)ofsomerenewableenergysources.Forexample,solarenergycanonlybegeneratedduringtheday,andwindenergydependsonthewindspeed.Energystoragetechnologiesneedtobefurtherdevelopedtoaddressthisissue.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureofrenewableenergylooksbright.Withcontinuoustechnologicalinnovationandgovernmentsupport,renewableenergyisexpectedtoplayamoresignificantroleintheglobalenergysupply.34.Whyarerenewableenergysourcesimportant?A.Theyaremoreexpensivethanfossilfuels.B.Theycanhelpreducetheworld'sdependenceonfossilfuelsandmitigateclimatechange.C.Theyarenotsustainable.D.Theycan'tmeettheworld'senergyneeds.35.Whatistheadvantageofsolarenergy?A.Thecostofsolarpanelsisincreasing.B.Itcanbegeneratedatanytime.C.Thesunprovidesanabundantandcleansourceofpower.D.Itistheonlyrenewableenergysource.36.Whatisachallengeofrenewableenergydevelopment?A.Theintermittencyofsomerenewableenergysources.B.Therearenochallenges;it'seasytodeveloprenewableenergy.C.Renewableenergyisnotclean.D.Itcan'tbeusedinmanycountries.37.Whichcountryhasmadegreatprogressinwindenergydevelopment?A.China. B.TheUSA. C.Denmark. D.Japan.【答案】34.B 35.C 36.A 37.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文,圍繞“可再生能源的發(fā)展”展開論述。文章首先點明可再生能源(如太陽能、風(fēng)能、水力發(fā)電)在全球能源結(jié)構(gòu)中日益重要的地位,核心原因是其能幫助減少對化石燃料的依賴并緩解氣候變化;接著分別介紹了太陽能、風(fēng)能、水力發(fā)電的特點與應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀;隨后指出可再生能源發(fā)展面臨的挑戰(zhàn)(如部分能源的間歇性);最后強調(diào),盡管存在挑戰(zhàn),在技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和政府支持下,可再生能源的未來前景光明。34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案符合語境的原因:題目詢問可再生能源重要的原因,選項B直接對應(yīng)文章中可再生能源的核心價值——減少對化石燃料的依賴并緩解氣候變化,與原文信息完全一致,且其他選項均與原文相悖(A“比化石燃料貴”未提及且非優(yōu)勢;C“不可持續(xù)”與原文“sustainablesolution”矛盾;D“無法滿足能源需求”與原文“manycountriesinvestin...tomeettheirenergyneeds”矛盾)。對應(yīng)原文句子:“Astheworldlooksforwaystoreduceitsdependenceonfossilfuelsandmitigateclimatechange,renewableenergyoffersasustainablesolution.”35.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案符合語境的原因:題目考查太陽能的優(yōu)勢,選項C準(zhǔn)確概括了原文中太陽能的核心優(yōu)勢——太陽提供豐富且清潔的能源,是對太陽能特性的直接描述。其他選項均錯誤(A“太陽能板成本上升”與原文“thecostofsolarpanelshasdecreasedsignificantly”矛盾;B“可隨時產(chǎn)生”與后文“solarenergycanonlybegeneratedduringtheday”矛盾;D“唯一可再生能源”與原文提及“solar,wind,andhydroe

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