高考英語復(fù)習42：說明文寫作

一、書面表達

1.15分）（2019?麗水模擬）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

"Helicopterparents"isadescriptionofparentswhoarehoveringovertheirchildreninastateofextreme

concern.Theyalwaysshowuptosolvetheirchildren'sproblems,protectthemfromrealorimaginedharm,

resolvestressfulsituation,offeradviceandgetthemoutoftrouble,eveniftheymisbehaved.Althoughoutof

loveandconcern,itcanhaveharmfuleffectontheirchildren'semotionaldevelopmentandfutureautonomy.

Childrenlearnthroughtheirmistakes.Butifyouintervene（介入）atfirstsignofstruggleandfinishyour

child'shomework,he'llmissoutonvaluablelearningopportunities.You'resendinghimthemessagethathe

needstobeperfectandfailureisnotanoption,otherwiseyouwouldn'talwaystakeoverforhim.

Byconstantlyrescuingyourchildfromstressfulsituation,you'resendinghimamessagethatyoudon't

believehe'scapableoftakingcareofhimself.Childrendevelopself-esteembylearninghowtocomplete

challengeontheirown.Ifyouarealwaysintervening,he'sdeniedthisvitalstageinhisgrowth.Asaresult,your

childmaylacktheconfidencenecessarytodowellinschool,pursuehobbiesandinterests,anddevelop

friendships.

Ifyou'realwaystakingcareofeverythingforyourchild,it'llbemoredifficultforhimtobecomeindependent.

Asanadult,hemightfindithardtctakecareofhimself,becausehe'sneverdevelopedcopingskillstodealwith

life'schallenges.Hemightsufferfromirrationalfears,anxietyanddepression,whichcouldleadhimtodropout

ofcollegeorfrequentlychangejobs,accordingtoDr.MicheleBorba.Insteadofdevelopinghealthyrelationships,

hemightseekapartnerwhowilltakecareofhimorcontrolling,asnisparentswere.

Youcanhelpyourchildbecomemoreindependentbyallowinghimtocompletetasksandchallengesonhis

ownwithoutyourintervention.Evenifhefailsatfirstdon'tinterfere—encouragehimtostartagain.Show

thatyouhavefaithinhisabilitiestosucceedwithoutyourhelp.Allcwhimtolearnnaturalconsequences.Even

smallthingscanhelphimbecomemoreindependent—makinghisownbed,preparinghisownlunch,shopping

forhisownclothesanddoinghomeworkwithoutyourhelp.

2.（5分）（2019?松江模擬）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Areyouworkingwithyourcomputerroutinelyeitherasanofficeemployeeoragamelover?Areyoureyes

dry,watery,blurry,seeingdoublecrsensitivetolight?Ifyouranswerisa"yes",youarelikelyoneo*many

peopletodaywhosufferfromdigitaleyestrain,alsocalledcomputer-visionsyndrome.Whatonearthisthis

syndromecomingfrom?Whatcanwedotodealwiththisproblem?

Eyestrainisoftenrelatedtotheamountofexposuretoscreens,thedistancefromeyestoscreensandthe

useofmultiplescreenssimultaneously.However,studieshavealsoshownthatthebluelightproducedbydigital

devicestodayreachesfurtherintotheeyesthanotherkindsoflight.Thislightactuallyassistsattentionduring

thedaybutcanresultininterruptedsleeppatternsatnight.

Yearsofscientificresearchesindicatethateyestrainisn'tnecessarilyanunavoidableproblemforthosewho

dealwithcomputerworkinthedailybase.Therearewaysyoucanadoptwhichcanovercometheproblem

considerably.Tobeginwith,yourcomputerscreenshouldbehigh-resolution（高分辨率），atleast5Ccentimeters

widediagonallyandmayrequireascreenfiltertodecreasereflections.Also,beawarethat"computerglasses",

whichcutdownglareandbluelight,areavailable.

Besides,toreduceyourriskforcomputer-visionsyndrome,takefrequentbreaksduringyourcomputer

workday.Manyworkerstakeonlytwo15-minutebreaksfromtheircomputerthroughouttheirday.Accordingto

arecentstudy,eyestrainaresignificantlyreducedwhencomputerworkerstakefouradditionalfive-minute

"mini-breaks"throughouttheirworkday.Finally,manyofusfallintobadhabitswhileusingdigitalscreens,which

onyworsentheeffectsofeyestrain.Whileviewingdigitalscreens,manypeopleblink（眨眼）onethirdlessoften

thantheyusuallydo.Placeareminderonyourcomputerto"blink"sothatyoureyesdon'tdryout.

3.15分）（2019?麗水模擬）概要寫作

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Whenaratherdirty,poorly-dressedpersonkneelsatyourfeetandputsouthishandstobegforafewcoins,

doyouhurryon,notknowingwhattodozordoyoufeelsadandhurriedlyhandoversomemoney?Whatshould

ourattitudetobeggarsbe?Therecan'tbenoquestionthattheworldIsfullofterriblesadstories.Itmustbe

terribletohavenoideawhereournextmealiscomingfrom.Itseemscruelnottogivesomemoneytobeggars.

Certainly,mostoftheworld'sgreatreligionsorderustobeopen-heartedandsharewhatwehavewiththose

lessfortunatethanourselves.Buthastheworldchanged?Maybewhatwasmorallyrightintheolddays,when

oneknewexactlywhointhevillagehadsufferedmisfortuneandneededhelp,isnolongerthebestidea.Quitea

fewpeoplewillnotgivetobeggars.Letuslookattheirarguments.

First,somebelievethatmanycitybeggarsdressuponpurposetolookpitiableandactuallymakeagood

livingfrombegging.Givingtobeggarsonlyencouragesthissortofevils.Secondly,thereistheworrythatthe

moneyyougivewillbespentonbeer,wineordrugs.Thirdly,thereistheopinionthatthereisnorealexcusefor

begging.Onemightbepoor,butthatisnoreasonforlosingone'ssenseofprideandself-dependence.

Relatedtothisistheopinionthattheproblemshouldbedealtwithbythegovernmentratherthanordinary

people.Somepeoplethinkbeggarsshouldgotothelocalgovernmentdepartmentandreceivehelp.

Itishardtocometoaconclusion;therearevariouscasesandwemustdealwiththemdifferently.Afew

coinscansavealifeinsomesituations,andevenifthemoneyiswasted,thatdoesnottakeawaythemoral

goodnessofthegiver.

4.15分）（2019?普陀模擬）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

China'sNationalTreasure

Pandasareindangerofextinctionatpresent,withonly1,900remainingintheworld.Thescientificnameof

thegiantpandaisactuallycalledthecatbear,thenumberofwhichisveryscarce.Itisoneofthemostprecious

animalsintheworldandbelongstotheprotectedanimalsatthenationallevel.Itsbodycolorisblackandwhite.

GiantpandasareuniquetoChina,verycute.Theexistingmajorhabitatsareinthesurroundingmountainous

areassuchasSichuanandShanxiinChina.Thegiantpandahasaverypowerfulfunction:digestingbamboo.We

allknowthatbambooismainlycellulose（纖維素），andmostanimalscan'tdigestitexceptgiantpandas.The

giantpanda'shometownisinthemountainssouthwestofChina,grppnbamboosandspringseverywhere.

Therefore,thegiantpanda'smainfoodconsistsofbambooandspringwater.

Giantpandasareoftenreferredtoaslivingfossils.Hundredsofthousandsofyearsagozitwasthepeak

periodofgiantpandas.Thisisofgreatscientificvalueforstudyingandprotectingbiodiversityand

environmentalchangesontheearth.Long,longago,theclimateoftheearthbecamecolderandcolder,many

icecubesformedontheearth;plantscouldnotgrow,andmanyanimalswerefrozenorstarvedtoceath.The

giantpandaalonesurvivedinthedeepvalleysofthemountainsandbecameatreasureoftheanimalworld.The

giantpandastillretainsthecharacteristicsofancientanimals.Therefore,thegiantpandaisnotonlypopular

withadultsandchildrenintermsofappearance,butalsobecomesalivingfossilforbiologiststostudyancient

creatures.

Thestatusofgiantpandashasbeenpoliticized.Giantpandascanbeseeninalmostallthemajorcountriesin

theworld.Thegiantpandahasbecomeawitnessoffriendshipbetv/eenChinaandforeigncountries.For

decades,whereverthegiantpandagoes,apandawhirlwindwillblew.Withitscharmedfigureandnatural

cuteness,theChinesegiantpandaattractsnumerousfansaroundtheworld,andatthesametimeplaystherole

offriendshipambassadorinChina'sforeignexchanges,becomingoneofthemostfamoussymbolsinChina.

5.（5分）（2019?嘉定模擬）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Aninternationalteamofresearchersfoundemployeeswhoendurewhatisknownas"abusivesupervision"

aremorelikelytobehavepoorlyonpurposebymessinguptasks,arrivinglate,takinglongbreaksardputtingin

minimaleffort.

Theauthorsofthestudy,publishedintheJournalofManagement,soughttoanswerwhyhorriblebosses

makeemployeeslesswillingtoshowwhatisknownasorganizationalcitizenshipbehavior（OCB）,or

commitmenttothecompanyoutsideoftheircontractualobligations.Thatcouldincludehelpingcolleaguesor

volunteeringforunusualworkhours.Theyalsoassesseditseffectonaworker'stendencytoharmthe

organization,bydisplayingcounterproductive（反作用的）workbehavior（CWB）.

Tofindoutmore,anduncoverwhichnegativeoutcomebullying。次；變）behaviorismorelikelytocause,

researchersfromSouthwesternUniversityofFinanceandEconomicsinChina,RenminUniversityofChinaand

SwinburneUniversityofTechnologyinAustraliacooperatedandanalyzed427existingstudies.Theyfound

workersactedouteitherbecausetheyfelttheywerebeingtreatedunfairlyintheworkplace,orfeltstressedand

thisaffectedtheirabilitytoperformasexpected.Anemployeewhofelttheywereavictimofinjusticetended

moretowardsreluctancetoshowOCB.Stressedworkers,meanwhie,weremoreassociatedwithCWB.

Fmployerswhoworriedsupervisorsareaffectingproductivitycantakestepstoeaseissuesbyregularly

trainingmanagers,introducingpolicieswhichcopewithworkplaceinjusticesandhelpingworkerstcdealwith

stress.

Thisisnotthefirststudytosuggestunkindpracticescanaffectthewell-beingofworkers.Thepaperfollowsa

studypublishedintheEuropeanHeartJournallastyear,whichshov/edemployeeswhosufferbullyingaremore

likelytodevelopheartdiseasesthanthosewhoaren't.Bullyingandviolencearecommonatworkplacesand

thoseexposedtothesestressorsareathigherrisk.

6.15分）（2019?寶山模擬）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Smallbusinessesholdthekeytoemployedhappiness.Asthecalendarflipstoanotheryear,manyemployees

willconsiderstartingthenewyearonthehuntforanewjob.

Intoday'schangingworkforce,itismoreimportantthaneverforcompaniestorealizethatasalaryaloneis

nolongerenoughtoattractorretanstrongemployees.

AccordingtoasurveybyAflac,smallbusinessdeservearoundofapplausefortheirabilitytokeepemployees

happy.Thereportfoundthat85percentofsmall-businessemployeesarehappyintheircurrentjob.andmore

thanhalf（51percent）agreethatmostoforalloftheirhappinessIntheircurrentjobIsaresultofworkingfora

smallbusiness.

Nearlyaquarterofparticipants（23percent）statedthatthefeelingofimportancewasthebestpartof

workingforasmallbusiness.Smallbusinesseshavetheuniqueabilitytomakeemployeesfeelappreciated,

respectedandvaluedonapersonalandprofessionallevel.

Inasmall-businessenvironment,therearetypicallyfewerlayersbetweennewcomersandleadership.This

tight-knitstructurecancreateafamily-likeatmospherethatallowsemployeestofeelthattheiropinionsmatter

andthattheyplayasignificantroleinthebusiness'smission.

Flexibilityisalsovitalincreatingemployeehappiness.Accordingtothereport,30percentofrespondents

no:edthatflexibleschedulingwasthebestpartofworkingforasmallbusiness.Aworkplacethatpromotes

healthywork-lifebalancecancreatehappier,lessstressedemployeesandcanalsoincreaseproductivity.

Althoughsmallbusinessexcelatkeepingemployeeshappy,thereisalwaysroomforimprovement.Ina

small-businesscommunity,moneydoesnotseemtobetheonlymotivator.Infact,65percentofsmall-business

errployeesindicatethatanimprovementintheirbenefitsofferingswouldmakethemhappier.

Byofferingagreatbenefitsplanthatincludesvoluntarybenefits,smallbusinesscanensurethattheir

errployeesareabletofindtherightbenefitstomeettheirindividualneeds.

7.（5分）（2019?徐匯模擬）WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgiven

belowinChinese.

假設(shè)你將組織本班的畢業(yè)聚會，談?wù)勀愕木唧w設(shè)想并說明理由。

內(nèi)容必須包括：

1）明確聚會將在何時，何地，以何種形式舉行

2）簡述你的理由

（文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱）

8.（S分）（2019?虹口模擬）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Whatcomesfirst:theoptimismorthegoodhealth?

Optimism,definedasthegeneralexpectationthatthefuturewillbefavorable,couldprovidewaysto

improvehealth,someresearchersbelieve.Butscientistsremainunsureifoptimismgoesaheadofhealth

improvements,orviceversa.

Arecentstudysuggeststhatmostpeoplecan'thelpbuttothinkoptimistically.Thisstudywasconductedby

EdO'Brien,asocialpsychologistattheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArbor.Thefindingssuggestthatpeople

haveanaturaltendencytothinkpositivelyabouttheirfuture.

Participantswereaskedtocreatealistofimaginarypersonalexperiencesthatwouldmakethemhappyor

unhappyoverthecourseofthenextyear.Theythenrankedhowdifficultitwastoplanthatlistandhowhappy

theybelievedtheywouldbeinthefutureoverall.Theeasieritwas：orpeopletothinkofpositivefu:ure

experiences,thehappiertheyimaginedtheywouldbe.However,therewasnorelationshipbetweeneasily

developingnegativefutureexperiencesandexpectingtobeunhappyasaresult.

O'Brienconcludedthatpeopleseemtodiscountthepossibilitythatfuturenegativeeventswillmakethem

happyoverall,suggestingthatoptimismmightcomemorenaturally."We'renotasusedtothinkingaboutthe

futureintermsofthingsthataregoingtogowrong."O'Brien'sstudyisoneofmanytofindthatpeopleare

consistentlyoptimisticabouttheirfuture,predictingpleasantexperiencesanddiscountingunpleasantones.If

oprimismmayleadtobetterhealthandpeoplegenerallytendtothinkoptimistically,whatdoesthismeanfor

theconnectionbetweenmentalandphysicalhealth?"Ifwecanmakesurethatoptimismcomesbeforehealthy

states,wemightbeabletoinvolveandimprovepeople'soptimism,"Boehmexplained.However,it'sdifficultto

determinewhatcomesfirst:theoptimismorthegoodhealth.

9.15分）（2019?上海模擬）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemain

point（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

ThePossibleHealthDangersofAir-conditioners

Althoughmanyofusmayfeelair-conditionersbringrelieffromhot,humidorpollutedoutsideair,theypose

manypotentialhealthhazards.Muchresearchhaslookedathowthemovementofairinsideaclosed

environment---suchasanofficebuilding---canspreaddiseaseorexposepeopleinthebuildingtoharmful

chemicals.

OneofthemorewidelypublicizeddangersisthatofLegionnairesdisease,whichwasfirstrecognizedinthe

1970s.Thiswasfoundtohaveaffectedpeopleinbuildingswithair-conditioningsystemsinwhichwarmair

pumpedoutofthesystem'coolingtowerswassomehowsuckedbackintotheairintake,inmostcasesdueto

poordesign.Thewarmair,filledwithbacteria,wascombinedwithcooled,conditionedairandwasthen

circulatedaroundvariouspartsofthebuilding.Studiesshowedthatevenpeopleoutsidesuchbuildingswereat

riskiftheywalkedpastairexhaustpipes.

Largeair-conditioningsystemsaddwatertotheairtheycirculatebymeansofhumidifiers.Inoldersystems,

thewaterusedforthisprocessiskeptinspecialreservoirs,thebottomsofwhichprovidebreedinggroundsfor

bacteriawhichcanfindtheirwayintotheventilationsystem.Therisktohumanhealthfromthissituationhas

beenhighlightedbythefactthattheimmunesystemsofapproximatelyhalfofworkersinair-conditionedoffice

buildingshavedevelopedthpabilitytofightofftheorganismsfoundatthebottomofsystemreservoirsRut

chemicalscalled“biocides“areaddedtoreservoirstomakethemgerm-free,andtheyaredangerousintheir

ownrightinsufficientquantities,astheyoftencontaincompoundsstronglylinkedtocancers.

Finally,itshouldbepointedoutthattheartificialclimaticenvironmentcreatedbyair-conditionerscanalso

affectus.Inanaturalenvironment,whetherindoororoutdoor,therearesmallvariationsintemperatureand

humidity.Indeed,thehumanbodyhaslongbeenaccustomedtothesenormalchanges.Inanair-conditioned

livingorworkingenvironment,however,bodytemperaturesremainwellunder37℃zournormaltemperature.

Thisleadstoaweakenedimmunesystemandthusgreaterexposuretodiseasessuchascoldsandflu.

10.（5分）（2019高三上?浙江模擬）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Technologyisforeverchangingthewaywegetournews.Manypeoplenowgetalotoftheirnewson

electronicdevices,insteadoftraditionalmedia,suchasnewspapers,televisionorradio.Anincreasingnumberof

peoplealsoreportturningtosocialmediaforinformation

Now,thereisanewtechnologythatcouldgreatlychangethewaywegetthenews:computer-creatednews

readers.Recently,Chinalaunchedwhatitcalledtheworldsfirstartificialintelligence,orAlnewspresenters.

Thenewsreaders,supportedbymachinelearningtechnology,arebasedontworeal-lifeChinesenewsmen.

OneIsabletopresentnewscastsInEnglish,theother,InMandarinChineseReportsaidmachinelearningwas

usedtoexaminevideoimagesandsoundsofthetwonewsmen.Similartechnologyhasbeenusedtocreate

videoproductsknownas“deepfake“videos."Adeepfakeavideothatlooksreal,butwaselectronicallychanged.

Suchvideoscanmakepeopleappeartosaythingstheyneversaid

It'ssaidthattheAlpresenterswillbeagreatimprovementtothenewsteambecausethey"canwork24

hoursaday"onitswebsiteandonsocialmedia.Oneofthepresentersevenpromisedtoworktirelessly"tokeep

peopleinformed.SomemachinelearningexpertssaidthesystemshowedoffChinaslatestprogressinvoice

recognition,text-to-speechtechnologyanddataanalysis

Otherswonderedabouttheeffectsrobotsmighthaveonemploymentandworkers.Somepeoplearguedthat

onylow-leveljobsrequiringheavylaborwillbeeasilyreplacedbyrobots.Otherspraisedthetechnologyasa

wayforcompaniestomakemoneyfromlow-costlabormachines.Somebusinesseshaveexperimentedwith

similartechnologyforpossibleuseinnewsoperations.

Britain'sBBCrecentlyreleasedavideothatusedmachinelearningtomakeitlooklikeoneofitsnewsreaders

speakingdifferentlanguages.TheLondon-basedcompanythatdevelopedthesystemsaysitsgoalisto"remove

thelanguagebarrier"formanydifferentkindsofvideoacrosstheinternet.Also,Amazon'sworkingonAlexa

smartspeakersystemtocreateaspecialnewsreadervoice.AmazonisreportedlypreparingtolaunchAlexas

newsreadervoiceinthenearfuture

答案解析部分

一、書面表達

1.【答案】"Helicopterparents",parentsgettingdeeplyinvolvedinchildren'slife,actuallydobigharmto

children'sgrowth.（要點l）Underover-protection,childrenmissthelessonstaughtbyfailuresandmistakes,fail

tobuilduptheirself-confidenceandbecomeweakincompetenceandemotions,whichconsequentlymakesit

hardforthemtofacereallifechallenges（要點2）Therefore,parentsshouldlearntoletgoandencourage

childrentobeindependent,staringfromsmallthings.

【考點】其他作文，文字式說明文

【解析】【分析】本題是一篇概要寫作。本文是一篇說明文，介紹了家長教育孩子的一種方式-直升機式

家長。直升機式家長總是盡力地為孩子提供成功機會，并因此而過分管教孩子。有時候直升機式家長可

能猛了某場戰(zhàn)役，但實際上輸了一場戰(zhàn)爭。家長對?孩子的過度管教會對孩子的生活造成傷害，讓孩子失

去自信，失去處理生活壓力的能力。作者在文中勸說家長不要做直升機式家長。第一段提出話題：家長

教育孩子的一種方式-直升機式家長，并提出這種教育方式的害處。這可概括為“Helicopterpa-ents”，

parentsgettingdeeplyinvolvedinchildren'slife,actuallydobighamtochildren'sgrowth.第二段，第三段,第

四段分別論述了直升機式家長這種教育方式的壞處。由此可概括為Underover-protection,childrenmissthe

lessonstaughtbyfailuresandmistakes,failtobuilduptheirself-confidenceandbecomeweakincompetence

andemotions,whichconsequentlymakesithardforthemtofacereallifechallenges.結(jié)合前三段，作者在本文

最后一段勸說家長不要做直升機文家長。由此可概括為Therefore,parentsshouldlearntoletgoand

encouragechildrentobeindependent,staringfromsmallthings.

【點評】本篇作文要點齊全，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，條理清晰，應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯，熟練地使用了語句

間的連接成分，使整個文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，很好地完成了寫作任務(wù)。例如："Helicopterparents",parents

gettingdeeplyinvolvedinchildren'slife,actuallydobigharmtochildren'sgrowth.運用了同位語；Under

over-protection,childrenmissthelessonstaughtbyfailuresandmistakes,failtobuilduptheirself-confidence

andbecomeweakincompetenceandemotions,whichconsequentlymakesithardforthemtofacereallife

challenges.運用了非限制性定語從句;Therefore,parentsshouldlearntoletgoandencouragechildrentobe

incependent,staringfromsmallthings.運用了并列句。

2.【答案】Digitaleyestrainisrelatedtotheamountofexposuretoscreensandthedistanceoftheeyestothe

screens.Scientistssuggestweshouldusehigh-resolutionscreensandtrytodecreasereflections.Moreover,

besideslongerbreaks,weshouldtakemoreadditionalmini-breaks.Finally,remindourselvestoblinkasmuchas

possibletopreventoureyesfromdryingout.

【考點】其他作文，文字式說明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，”數(shù)碼眼疲勞”也被稱為“電腦視覺綜合癥”的癥狀、原因及如何避免

進行了介紹。眼睛疲勞通常與接觸屏幕的次數(shù)、眼睛與屏幕的距離以及同時使用多個屏幕有關(guān)。因為數(shù)

字設(shè)備產(chǎn)生的藍光導致眼睛干澀、模糊的、對光敏感等。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)眼疲勞是可避免的，首先要減少屏幕

的反射，此外要經(jīng)常休息或增加間隔休息時間，最后要提醒自己盡量多眨眼睛，以防眼睛干澀。本文首

先要概括出四段的大意。第一段介紹了什么是"Digitaleyestrain",也叫做"computer-visionsyndrome"及其

癥狀。第一段敘述眼睛疲勞的原因，即眼晴疲勞有關(guān)的內(nèi)容.即與"Eyestrainisoftenrelatedtotheamount

ofexposuretoscreens,thedistancefromeyestoscreensandtheuseofmultiplescreenssimultaneously”這是

確切的定義，可照搬。第三段和第四段主要敘述了如何避免眼疲勞，即盡量避免反射(trytodecrease

reflection.),多休息(longerbreaks)以及提醒自己多眨眼(remind...toblink...),以防眼睛干澀(此句要

用動詞不定式來表示目的)。最后按照大意，用恰當?shù)木涫奖磉_出來即可。在用英語句式表達時，要盡可

能用自己的話，讓句子靈活多變些。但句式一定要符合英語語言的要求，避免運用漢語式的英語。

【點評】本篇作文要點齊全，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，條理清晰，應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯，熟練地使用了語句

間的連接成分，使整個文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，很好地完成了寫作任務(wù)。例如:Digitaleyestrainisrelatedtothe

arrountofexposuretoscreensandthedistanceoftheeyestothescreens.運用了并列句;Scientstssuggest

weshouldusehigh-resolutionscreensandtrytodecreasereflections.運用了賓語從句和虛擬語勺；Finally,

remindourselvestoblinkasmuchaspossibletopreventoureyesfromdryingout.運用了不定式作目的》犬語。

3.【答案】Inoldtimespeoplethoughtitwasmorallyrighttohelpthelessfortunate,buttodaymanychoose

no:togivebeggarsmoney.Theythinksomebeggarsmakeagoodlivingfrombeggingortheyworrythemoney

givenwillbemisused.Besides,it'sthegovernment'sdutytodealwiththeproblem.However,differentcasescall

fordifferentsolutions.Andweshouldrecognizethegiver'sgoodness.

【考點】其他作文，文字式說明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇文章概要。文章講述的是當一個乞丐伸手向我們要錢時我們應(yīng)該怎么辦？這

很難得出結(jié)論，有各種各樣的情況，我們必須用不同的方法來處理。過去人們認為幫助不幸的人在道義

上是正確的，但今天許多人選擇不給乞丐錢。他們認為一些乞丐通過乞討過上了好口子，或者他們擔心

這里錢會被濫用。此外，處理這個問題是政府的責任。然而，不同的情況需要不同的解決方案。我們應(yīng)

該認識到給予者的善良。

【點評】本篇作文要點齊全，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，條理清晰，應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯，熟練地使用了語句

間的連接成分，使整個文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，很好地完成了寫作任務(wù)。例如：Inoldtimespeoplethoughtitwas

morallyrighttohelpthelessfortunate,buttodaymanychoosenottogivebeggarsmoney.運用了賓語從句和

并歹峋；Theythinksomebeggarsmakeagoodlivingfrombeggingortheyworrythemoneygivenwillbe

misused.運用了賓語從句和并列句;Besides,it'sthegovernment'sdutytodealwiththeproblem.運用了it

作形式主語。

4.［答案］Thereasonswhygiantpandasbecomenationaltreasuresareasfollows.First,giantpandasare

scarce,becomingthemostvaluableanimalsintheworld.Second,giantpandasarelivingfossils,having

importantscientificvalueinstudyingandprotectingbiodiversityandenvironmentalchangesontheearth.

Finally,giantpandashavebecomeasymboloffriendshipbetweenChinaandforeignpeople.

【考點】其他作文，文字式說明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了大熊貓成為“國寶”的原因。文章分三段，每段敘述了一個原

因,第一段主要介紹大熊貓數(shù)量稀少，瀕臨滅絕。第二段主要介紹大熊貓是活化石，對于科學研究和保

護生物多樣性有重大意義。第三段主要介紹大熊貓在中國和其他國家關(guān)系方面所起的積極作用。根據(jù)這

三段的主要內(nèi)容，所給答案十分具體到位。

【點評】本篇作文要點齊全，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，條理清晰，應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯，熟練地使用了語句

間的連接成分，使整個文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，很好地完成了寫作任務(wù)。例如；Thereasonswhygiantpandas

becomenationaltreasuresareasfollows.運Hl了定語以、句；First,giantpandasarescarce,becomingthemost

valuableanimalsintheworld運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語：同時First,Second,以及Finally等過渡詞的使

用，使文章更加流暢連貫。

5.［答案］Researchersfindthatbosses'bullyingbehaviorcontributestoemployees*deliberatebadjob

performance.Theyconfirmitsimpactontheirwell-beingrevealedbyapreviousstudy.Furtherstudiesfound

thatemployeestreatedunfairlyarereluctanttodisplayorganizationalcitizenshipbehavior,whilestressed

errployeesshowcounterproductiveworkbehavior.Bytrainingmanagersandadjustingpolicies,emoloyerscan

handle/addressthoseissues.

【考點】其他作文，文字式說明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，老板的恃強凌弱行為導致員工故意表現(xiàn)不佳。他們

證實了之前的一項研究，該研究揭示了對他們健康的影響。進一步的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，受到不公平待遇的員工

不愿意表現(xiàn)出有組織性的公民行為，而壓力大的員工表現(xiàn)出適得其反的工作行為。通過培訓經(jīng)理和調(diào)整

政策，雇主可以處理/解決這些問題。第一步：閱讀1.認真閱讀給定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，

就多讀兩遍；閱讀次數(shù)越多，你對原文的理解就越深刻。2.劃出那些能概括文章主題思想的單詞、短

語或短句子；決定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了；對重要部分的主要觀點進行概括。3.簡

要地記下主要觀點一一主題、標題、細節(jié)等你認為對概括概要寫作重要的東西。第二步：寫作步驟1.瀏

覽深文，找出主題：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，老板的恃強凌弱行為導致員工故意表現(xiàn)不佳。他們證實了之前的一

項研窕所揭示的對他們健康的影響。進一步的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，受到不公平待遇的員工不愿意表現(xiàn)出有組織性

的公民行為，而壓力大的員工表現(xiàn)出適得其反的工作行為。通過培訓經(jīng)理和調(diào)整政策，雇主可以處理/解

決這些問題2.分析文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，把它分成幾個部分，找