專題09主旨大意題目錄01知識腦圖·學(xué)科框架速建02考點(diǎn)精析·知識能力全解【知能解讀01】主旨大意題五年高考考情統(tǒng)計【知能解讀02】主旨大意題五年高考考情解讀【知能解讀03】主旨大意題五年高考考點(diǎn)分類【知能解讀04】主旨大意題五年高考選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)【知能解讀05】閱讀理解滿分突破思維導(dǎo)圖03攻堅指南·高頻考點(diǎn)突破【重難點(diǎn)突破01】段落大意題【重難點(diǎn)突破02】段落大意跟蹤訓(xùn)練【重難點(diǎn)突破03】文章大意題【重難點(diǎn)突破04】文章大意題跟蹤訓(xùn)練【易混易錯02】標(biāo)題概括題跟蹤訓(xùn)練【易混易錯03】標(biāo)題概括題(說明文)【易混易錯04】標(biāo)題概括題跟蹤訓(xùn)練【易混易錯05】標(biāo)題概括題(議論文)【易混易錯06】標(biāo)題概括題跟蹤訓(xùn)練05通法提煉·高頻思維拆解【方法技巧01】閱讀主旨大意題答題誤區(qū)【方法技巧02】閱讀主旨大意題誤區(qū)應(yīng)對【方法技巧03】閱讀主旨大意題滿分策略知識腦圖知識腦圖·學(xué)科框架速建主旨大意題五年考選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)意題跟宗訓(xùn)練標(biāo)題概括題(記敘文)標(biāo)題概括題(說明文)標(biāo)題概括題(議論文)閱讀主旨大意題答題誤區(qū)閱讀主旨大意題誤區(qū)應(yīng)對閱讀主旨大意題滿分策略知能解讀01主旨大意題五年高考考情統(tǒng)計卷別2025全國一卷71612025全國二卷81422024新課標(biāo)I卷91412024新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷914111111113121122024全國甲卷7162023新課標(biāo)I卷6172023新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷6172023全國甲卷8152023全國乙卷5182022新課標(biāo)I卷8242022新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷8242022全國甲卷8132022全國乙卷132021新課標(biāo)I卷8142021新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷122021全國甲卷5182021全國乙卷6161.題型概述主旨大意題是閱讀理解中考生失分最多的題目，因?yàn)樵擃愵}目不僅考查考生略讀文章、領(lǐng)會大意的能力，也對考生的歸納、概括能力提出了較高的要求。題型主要包括標(biāo)題歸納題、文章大意題和段落大意題。該類題目在文章中沒有明顯的解題依據(jù)，需要考生從文章中找出一些關(guān)鍵詞、信息句進(jìn)行加工概括，才能歸納出文章的主旨。2.題型特點(diǎn)主旨大意題考查的是對文章內(nèi)容深層次的理解、概括能力，它要求在充分理解全文的前提下，對整篇文章的主旨大意有一個較為清晰的印象。標(biāo)題歸納類要求學(xué)生選出文章的最佳標(biāo)題，文章大意題和段落大意題考查文章或段落的主旨大意。3.選材特點(diǎn)題材更加豐富多樣，涵蓋記敘文、說明文、議論文等各種文體，主題涉及社會熱點(diǎn)、科技發(fā)展、文化4.命題特點(diǎn)主旨大意題旨在考查考生歸納概括以及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力，是閱讀理解中的高難度題。概括全文大意最簡單的方法就是把每段的大意串起來考慮。該類題主要考查標(biāo)題歸納題、文章大意題和段4.Whatisthemainideaoft5.Whatisthefirst/second.para段落大意題段落大意題文章大意題標(biāo)題概括題(記敘文)標(biāo)題概括題(說明文)標(biāo)題概括題(議論文)閱讀理解主旨大意題知能解讀04主旨大意題五年高考選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)同義替換與原文關(guān)鍵信息相同含義的不同表達(dá)信息歸納正話反說把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)意思明了原文原詞張冠李戴是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容無中生有符合生活常識，但不是該文章的內(nèi)容曲解文意正誤參半以偏概全范圍過于狹窄，僅闡述文章的局部信息應(yīng)用文(必考)視明文(齡考)記敘文(常考)議動文(較少)知節(jié)理解題A、B.C、D的個數(shù)均舉成大敗均等答案個數(shù)均等命題位置命題材科能力要求閱讀理解選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)試題類型三條命題規(guī)律解題步驟勁占7%與原文相同(尤共A篇)光中生有《最多)偷梁換位《收多)張愿李載《較多)干批項(xiàng)籍倒是癥以偏概金這于隱對(含onysere.等)一定二找一定二找1.題型解讀2.思維導(dǎo)圖段落開頭是舉例子或?qū)訉油七M(jìn)的論述，出結(jié)論，這個結(jié)論就是段落主題句，詞或相似結(jié)構(gòu)歸納出段落主題句總分式(總首尾兼顧法重難點(diǎn)突破02段落大意題跟蹤訓(xùn)練跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2025全國二卷第34題)主題句在段中considerserving.Thingslikekaleribs,fishcollars,rejectedsweA.Whytheingredientswereused.B.WhichdC.Whatthedishesweremadeof.跟蹤訓(xùn)練2(2024新課標(biāo)I卷第26題)沒有出現(xiàn)主題句[1]"Iamnotcrazy,"saysDr.WilliamFaraheadofmytime."...[2]Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversitokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherho moreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropract[4]FarberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtimA.StepsofachiropractictreatmB.Thecomplexityofveterinarians'work.C.ExamplesofrareanD.Theeffectivenessofholisti跟蹤訓(xùn)練3(2023全國乙卷第32題)主題句在段首[1]Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftformostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'slaterachievements,aliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.[3]Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,thereadeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite....A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.B.Whathumanity重難點(diǎn)突破03文章大意題1.命題特點(diǎn)2.設(shè)問方式3.思維導(dǎo)圖3.思維導(dǎo)圖曾通兆首開頭容分②如首段主題五語警精煉，中聞段多治度說明或論證，且與尾段主題年呼，則百段主題是全美敘夾文大記敘文文權(quán)的秘論部文章資段是華例或讀論個別現(xiàn)主題句不明確時。歸納每一段主題句，整否為全文大意文章中出現(xiàn)的兩種或以上的不網(wǎng)觀點(diǎn)，則文章最屋作者的觀點(diǎn)為文幸中反復(fù)出窺的詞一般就是體but.yer,howeV6satthoughsby語后的內(nèi)容往律是全文的大意利用逆同，法和返輯非他法，排確答案主題句在文章開頭主題句在主題句在最后觀點(diǎn)為主題句注意重復(fù)詞/排除選項(xiàng)中的錯瞑選頂，確正分隱含主句4.答題策略題型三：利用主題句在段尾位置推敲段落大意aword等，這些詞后面連接的通常是主題句。題型四：利用段落沒有主題句推敲段落大意跟蹤訓(xùn)練1跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2024新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷第31題)Weallknowfreshisbestravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.Whilefarmer'smarthejourney,BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensisupplyoffreshgreens.Specifically,it'safaitsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Rathprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.Afterharvest,userssimplyreplacethpod(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.transportingplantsfBMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Inside"Wearepassionateaboutreducingw28.WhatcanbelearnedaboA.Itguaranteesthevarietyoffood.B.Itrequiresday-to-daycare.C.Itcutsthefarm-to-tabledistance.A.Real-timeweatherchanges.B.Currentconditionoftheplants.C.Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil.D.Availabilityofpre-seededpods.31.What31.WhatdoesthetextmainlyA.BMF'smajorstrengths.B.BMF'sgeneralmanagemC.BMF'sglobalinfluence.D.BMF'跟蹤訓(xùn)練2跟蹤訓(xùn)練2(2022全國甲卷第31題)AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGelongingtosayhello.TheEversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeploveforhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetoAftertakingadegreeatChichesterUcheapdealsonshipsgoingAmericanmainland."Ijustdecidedwantednervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe'Antarctica."Fromseeingthewilimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,"GoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwTherealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhu28.WhichofthefollowingbestexpA.Trychallengingthings.C.Bringbacklostmemories.29.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetripA.Lovelypenguins.C.Adiscountfare.30.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejoA.Itcouldbeahomeforher.C.Itshouldbewellpreserved.A.Achildhooddream.B.AnunforgeC.Sailingaroundtheworld.D.M1.設(shè)題特點(diǎn)記敘文標(biāo)題概括題題目要求考生在理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合文章的體裁和結(jié)構(gòu)，從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出適合文章的標(biāo)題。注意標(biāo)題的特點(diǎn)：精準(zhǔn)性、概括性和新穎性。此類標(biāo)題往往比較含蓄，有時候是文章反2.思維導(dǎo)圖①一般會在首段或尾段出現(xiàn)高度①一般會在首段或尾段出現(xiàn)高度②文章中有對某種物品或服務(wù)的詳盡介紹，使用具有明顯支持傾出結(jié)論，作者的意圖往往隱含于最后一部分中用文記婺說明文議論文4個關(guān)注點(diǎn)文體特點(diǎn)法3.解題策略易混易錯02標(biāo)題概括題跟蹤訓(xùn)練跟蹤訓(xùn)練(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷第27題)跟蹤訓(xùn)練(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷第27題)mbergrocerystores."Thekifsoftdrinks,"shesays."Theycometousthinkingvesomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagtesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedprodustudentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccaProgramevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasarestheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey'reeatingdifferently,"JtheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardeeffectonJaramillo'sspecia24.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJarA.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.25.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A.Thekids'parentsdistrustedher.B.StudentshadlittletimeforhC.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A.Far-reaching.B.Predictable.C.Short-lived.D.UnidentifiablA.RescuingSchoolGardensC.GrowingVegetableLovers易混易錯03標(biāo)題概括題(說明文)思維品質(zhì)體現(xiàn)英語學(xué)科核心素養(yǎng)的心智特征，而標(biāo)題概括題較好地反映了學(xué)生的思維品質(zhì)。此類題旨在考查考生通過閱讀文章正確獲取文章主旨，推斷文章的主題、標(biāo)題、段落大意、中心思想的能力，即考查考生歸納概括以及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力。它既考查閱讀理解能力，又考查深層次的推理、概括能力。說明文在高考閱讀理解中占比較高，應(yīng)引起足夠注意。者為最佳標(biāo)題概括精準(zhǔn)統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全文醒日新穎包含文中未提及的信息融合標(biāo)題3大特點(diǎn)排除3種干擾項(xiàng)運(yùn)用4大技巧標(biāo)題歸納題其次，如果首段較長的話，重視but,now,however往往是文章核心話題。易混易錯04標(biāo)題概括題跟蹤訓(xùn)練跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2022全國甲卷第27題)首段首句概括文章主旨Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustrashape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperimennutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(對稱的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeittheexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletosalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,theGoffin'scockatoosdoindeedposse24.HowdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheA.Byfollowinginstructions.C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.25.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtA.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.26.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestC.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.WhethertheyuseasenseoftoA.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependeC.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.C跟蹤訓(xùn)練2(2022新高考I卷第21題)首段引出話題，尾段概括主旨o(jì)ppositehappened:Shewasflooded,shippisentoutmorethan70,000plants.Hersuccessisjustoneexampleofincreasedti"Plantsareinfashionrightnow,"saysDr.MelindaKnuth,aresearcherfromtheUniversityof“Peoplewholiveinplant-richenvironmentsreportahigherlifesatisfactionrabutthebiggestisbydecreasingourlevelofcortisol,thestresshormone(激素)inourbody.plants,"saysKnuth."Thisproductwasa30%decreaseinsickleaveforpeoplewhowereinplant-richworkplaces.”Ifyou'reamongthegroupsofpeoplewhoareenjoyingthementalandphysicalhealthbenefitsoffsurroundingyourselfwithplants,don'tbeatyourselfupifone(orafew!)doesn'tmakeit."DoctorspracticemedicineandlawyerspracticelawandyoushouldallowyourselfthepracticeittakestosusA.Itfacedtoughcompetition.C.ItgotlotsoffinancialsupporA.Theyappealmoretostudents.B.TheC.Theyraisethecortisollevel.30.WhatdoesDetrinidadtrytoexplainbymentioningdoA.Thenecessityofsocialskills.B.Themeaningofsustainability.C.Theimportanceofrepeatedefforts.D.ThevalueofprofessionA.TimetoReplaceHouseplantsB.PlantsBoostYourMoodC.TipsonChoosingHouseplantsD.PlantsBrigh易混易錯05標(biāo)題概括題(議論文)議論文是運(yùn)用邏輯推理和證明來闡述某一觀點(diǎn)、看法和主張的文體。這類文章或從正面提出某種見解，或論點(diǎn)是議論文的核心，即中心思想，是論據(jù)和論證的服務(wù)對象。論據(jù)是作者所引用的用以支持和證明論點(diǎn)的材料，這些材料可以是名人名言、事實(shí)例證或統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)等。段落中出現(xiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語(如：段落中出現(xiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語(如：however、時，其后的句子很可能是主題句首段出現(xiàn)疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是主題句作者有意識地反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的觀點(diǎn)通常是主題；反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語一般為體現(xiàn)文章主題的關(guān)鍵詞(主題句常包含關(guān)鍵詞)首段出現(xiàn)具體例子或假設(shè)時，例子或假設(shè)后面的內(nèi)容可能是主題句表示總結(jié)或結(jié)論的詞語(如：therefore、thus、inshort、conclude、conclusion等)后面的句子很可能是主題句找出主題句的5個小竅門①抓住論點(diǎn)找主旨。議論文的核心是論點(diǎn)，通常在首段或結(jié)尾段明確提出。標(biāo)題應(yīng)直接反映文章的核心觀點(diǎn)，避免偏離或過于寬泛。例如，若文章討論“數(shù)字閱讀與紙②關(guān)注文章結(jié)構(gòu)。議論文常采用“提出問題—分析問題一解決問題”的結(jié)構(gòu)。標(biāo)題需體現(xiàn)這一邏輯關(guān)系，④排除干擾選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)若僅涵蓋部分內(nèi)容，而非全文主旨，可排除以偏概全錯誤。注意選項(xiàng)中主語、賓語跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2025全國一卷第31題)跟蹤訓(xùn)練1(2025全國一卷第31題)declinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.ManyparontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschDutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBr?mmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslinewroadnetworksandkidshadtopjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledaclocalpark.Describingher(市長)tochampion"NewYAlthoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertofcarownershipintheworld.Movementhaveitright:it'stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthat28.WhatphenomenondoestheauthorpointC.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.29.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtoA.Keeptheircitieslivable.C.Helptheneedyfamilies.A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B.TheytuC.TheywongovernmentsupportD.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.A.WhytheRush?C.WheretoStay?1.以偏概全：誤把細(xì)節(jié)當(dāng)主旨例如：2023年全國卷I卷D篇：文章圍繞“人類語言中某些發(fā)音(如/f/和/v/)因飲食變化而普及”2.過度推斷：主觀延伸未提及的內(nèi)容例如：2024年全國乙卷閱讀C篇：文章介紹“電商平臺通過大數(shù)據(jù)分析優(yōu)化物流配送”,干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)置為“未來電商將完全取代實(shí)體店”,考生若受“電商發(fā)展趨勢”常識影響，易誤選此選項(xiàng)，而原文僅客觀3.忽略首尾段及轉(zhuǎn)折詞：錯失主題句定位誤區(qū)表現(xiàn)：未重點(diǎn)關(guān)注文章首尾段及but、however等轉(zhuǎn)折詞后例如：2024年新高考卷I閱讀A篇：文章首段點(diǎn)明“智能穿戴設(shè)備通過實(shí)時健康數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測，改變?nèi)藗兊倪\(yùn)動習(xí)慣”,尾段呼應(yīng)“技術(shù)與健康管理的深度融合”,但部分考生因未通讀首尾段，誤選“設(shè)備硬件設(shè)4.混淆文體特征：未針對性解題例如：2023年全國甲卷閱讀D篇(議論文):文章通過對比“傳統(tǒng)教育模式與線上教育的優(yōu)劣”,論證“混合式學(xué)習(xí)的必要性”,考生需重點(diǎn)關(guān)注首段論點(diǎn)句“教育模式需適應(yīng)數(shù)字化時代需求”。1.強(qiáng)化主題句定位訓(xùn)練每日選取三篇不同體裁(議論文、說明文、記敘文等)的高考真題閱讀文章，按照文體特點(diǎn)定位主題句。如議論文重點(diǎn)關(guān)注首段論點(diǎn)句和尾段總結(jié)句，快速找出主題句并劃出關(guān)鍵詞，總結(jié)文章主旨。訓(xùn)練一2.高頻詞篩選練習(xí)利用真題閱讀材料，制作“高頻詞篩選卡片”。閱讀文章時，將重復(fù)出現(xiàn)3次及以上的名詞、名詞短語標(biāo)注出來，思考其與文章主旨的關(guān)聯(lián)。每周整理一次高頻詞，分析同一主題(如科技類、環(huán)保類)文章建立“主旨大意題錯題本”,將每次練習(xí)中的錯誤選項(xiàng)分類整理(以偏概全、過度推斷等)。針對每個錯誤選項(xiàng)，詳細(xì)分析其與原文的偏差，如“選項(xiàng)A只涉及文章第二段的一個細(xì)節(jié)，未涵蓋全文關(guān)于人工智每次模擬考試或練習(xí)后，針對主旨大意題的錯題，進(jìn)行深度反思。不僅要明確錯誤原因，還要思考如5.議論文長難句落實(shí)“括號法”--(從句)(非謂語)(介詞短語)(名詞短語)。01(2023新課標(biāo)01(2023新課標(biāo)I卷)tobeknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds”effect.cases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescouldbequpeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.errors,thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleachotpeople'sestimatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people'serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist(轉(zhuǎn)折)onthisclassicphenomenon.keyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdivideddiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobsignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtoget32.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabA.Themethodsofestimation.B.TheunderlyinglogicofC.Thecausesofpeople'serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton'sexperiment.A.thecrowdswererelativelysmallB.therewereoccasionalunderestimC.individualsdidnotcommunicateD.A.Thesizeofthegroups.C.Thediscussionprocess.A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.02(2025浙江1月卷)02(2025浙江1月卷)Anoveldesignapproachtogardeninghasbeengaininginpopularityworldwide.Refplanting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodoalTheconceptwasbornwhenGermancityplannerssoughttoplantlargeareasofpaareproduciblewaythatwouldneedminimalmaintenance.modularly(模塊化).Inamatrixgarden,plantswithsimilarculturalneedsaregroupedsothattheywillgrowtogetheraboveandbelowground,formingacooperativeecosysDutchplantsmananddesignerPietplantingmixeswhileplayingwithcolorandfBeautifulyear-round,theyinviteyoutothesculptureofodd-lookingseedheads.Ittakesalotofthoughttolookthisnatural.Whilematrixgardensculturalneedsthefirstconsideration.Ledbytheconcthesamesoil,sunandweatherconditions,andarrangethemaccordingtotheirpatteThebenefitsaresubstantialforbothgardenerandplanet.Withhumaninputsdrgarden'secologygardens:fertilizer,dividing,regularwatering.Comparedtotradireducestormwaterrunoffandboosthabitatandbiodiversitysignificantly.28.WhatdoestheunderlinedwA.Runningoutof.C.Puttingupwith.D.Takingadvant29.Whywastheideaofmatrixplantingintroduced?A.Tocontrolweedsinlargegardens.B.TobringinforeignspeciC.Toconservesoilandwaterresources.30.WhichofthefollowingbestA.Traditional.B.Odd-looking.C.Tasteful.31.WhichofthefollowingcanbeasuiA.ThefutureofgardeningisWILDB.NaturetreatsalllivesaC.MatrixgardensneedmoreCARE03(2024浙江1月卷)03(2024浙江1月卷)TheStanfordmarshmallow(棉花糖)testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalterMischelinthelategivenasecondtreat.ThentheywereleftalaconnectionbetweenanabiliAsadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'renottempted(誘惑)bysugartypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinaaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostanthesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthiresisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldninformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselesslybombarded(轟炸)withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloricconsumptithoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood”inordmanageourtimemosteffect32.WhatdidthechildrenneedtoA.Takeanexaminationalone.B.ShowrespectfortheresearcC.Sharetheirtreatswit33.Accordingtoparagraph3,thereisamismatchbeB.theshortageofsugarandournutrC.therichfoodsupplyandourD.thetemptingfoodsanA.Absorbnewinformationreadily.B.BeselectiveinformationconsumC.Usediverseinformationsource35.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefA.EatLess,ReadMoreC.TheLater,theBetterD.AspressuregrowstogetartificialcolorsoutofTampow’slaboratorydesk.TampowispartoftheteamatSensientTechnologie商),helpingthousandsofU.S.businesseschangecolorsforproductslikecereaLastweek,U.S.healthofficialsannouncpetroleum-based(石油基的)artificialdyesbytheendof2026.HealthSecretaryRobertF.KennedyJr.calledthem"poisonouscompounds”thatendangerchildren'shealthanddevelopment,citinglimitedevidButmakingthechangefromeveninsectswon'tbeeasy,fast,orcheap,companiesweretoremoveartificialcolorsfromth"It'snotlikethere's150millionpoundsofbeetjumarketmayswitch,"saidPaulManning,thelight.Also,anaturalcolorcostsabout10tmissedthebrightcolorsandfamiliartasteofthecereal.In2017,thecompanysKennedy,thehealthsecretary,sartificialcolors.IndustryoffcompanieshavesaidtheyplantoaccelerateashifttonaturalcolorsC.Shemarketscerealsandsportsdr2.WhyarehealthofficialsurgingtheremovalA.Tolowertheproductioncosts.B.TopreC.Topromotenaturalalternatives.A.WhynaturaldyesarehardtomaC.Whatlimitationsnaturaldyeshave.D.HowA.HealthisatopconcerninfoodcompaC.TasteisthedecisivefactorinthefoodThisisanexampleofadadjoke.Anyonecanmakeadadjoke—youdon'thavetimeit'sjustajokethatusesaveryobviousandpredictablepun(雙關(guān)語).Dadjokesareusuallythoughttobeprettyharmless,andmaybAndresearchershavefdisagreedwithanumberofstatementsabouthumorinparenting.Theseincludedtheirmemoriesofwhetherhumorwasusedbytheirownparents,andiftheymightuseitwiththeirownchildren.Morethan70%oftheparticipantssaidtheybeliethattheyhadbeenraisedbyparentswhousedhumoriparentsusedhumorweremorelikelytosaytheyhadagoodrelationshipwiththeirparents.Manyparticipantsaidthey'dliketotakeacoursetolearnabouthreducestresslevelsinthehome.Butthatdoesn'tjustmeantellingmoredadjokes—humorcouldbeusedinsteadofA.Bygivinganexample.C.Byexplainingwheretouseit.A.Familyharmony.B.SocialgaC.Parentingskills.A.Thebenefitsofusinghumorineducation.B.Differenttypesofhumorusedbyparents.C.ThedisadvantagesofhumorinfamilyrelD.Participants'viewsontheuseofhumorinpA.Howhumordealswithpressure.C.Whichhumorshouldbestressed.mentalhealth.SigmaThetaAlpha(STA),aprofessionalhealthorganizationathastakentheleadtobringtheprogramtocampus,ensuringeaMentalHealthFirstAidtrainingisanationalinitiativethatisperformedlocaConnecticut,astatewidenon-profitorganization.ThegrouphascometoUConnthLabelingandjumpingtoconclusionsbasedonsymptomsandbehavioforprofessionals,"saysValerieCoissplitintoclassroom-stylework,watchingvideos,andundertheacronymofALGEE—Assessforriskofharm,Listennon-judgmentally,Givereassuranceainformation,Encourageappropriatthatlisteningwillbemoreimportantthananythingtheysay.”ofthesimulationactivities."Itwascooltobeinaroomwithpeoplewhowantedtohjustaboutlearningthesignsofment"Recoveryispossible.Themostimportantthingistokeeppeoplehopeful.YouhaC.Totreatstudents'healthissuA.Givingpersonalsuggestions.B.Avoidingrushjudgement.C.Creatingaprivatespace.D.ReducinA.Thebestwaytotreatmentalillness.B.TheC.Thebenefitsofhelpingthecommunity.D.ThedifferentsignsofA.AstudentcareprojectatUConn.B.DevelopmentofCPRskilC.Aprofessionalhealthorganization.D.CampusactivitiesofUConn.foodissues,andunpredictableweather.Yet,overtime,youtendtorememberthebeautifulmomentswhiletheinconveniencesfade.Thisisknownasrosyretrospection,acognitive,bias(認(rèn)知偏見)wherepeoplerecallpastexperiencesmorepositivelythantheyfeltduringtheacThephenomenoncanbeunderstoomemoryprocessesWhenrecallingmemories,aspects,whichhelpsmaintainemotionalwell-being.Nostalgia(懷舊)alsoplaysasignificantrole,asitarousesfeelingsofwarmthandbelonging,leadingustoviewthepastmorepositively.Additstateandself-enhancementbiascaninfluencehowwerememberpaWhilesomeindividualswhofocusmoreonnegativeexperiencedifficultpresentcircumstancesbyprovidingasenseofcontinuityandpositiveself-identiHowever,rosyretrospectionoccasionallycreatesanunrealisticviewofthepmakedecisionsthatarenotbasedonrealitybutrmightrepeatedlyreturntounhealthyrelationshipslikelywearetoletthe,goodmemoriesoutweighthebadmemoriesandperhapsevenforgiUnderstandingandacknowledgingthiscognitivebiascanbecrucialformakingB.TheyrecallbreathtakinA.Themeaningofrosyretrospection.C.TheroleofnostalgiaiD.Thewaysofkeepingemotionalwell-3.WhatdoestheunderlineA.Boost.B.Expose.C.Asse4.WhatnegativeconsequencA.Itmaygiverisetoincorrectjudgments.D.Itmayraisepeople'sunwiIwasinameeting,andmyphoneliengagement?Acrisis?”Thefearmusthavebeentheretoo.AStylistresearchreveals50personinvolvedin83ofthem.Iemotionallyempty.ButwhyexactlydotheyhavethepotentiaFormost,eveniftheychoosfacingagreatnumberofunreadmessageslater,whichonlyposesgreaterstresstocaBesides,there'salackofrealconnection.“yetstillsomehowontheoutside,"sayspsychologistAbbyRawlinson.Ifeveryone'schattheflow—oryourmessagegetsnoreplies—iseen,includedandvalued,"saysRawlinson.Overtime,thesepattern制度)—evenifnoone'sdoingitconsciously.Thisallringstrue.ButinstchatandIwonderifI'mtheproblem,blamingmyselfforit,Imentallyputmyselfinothers'sdon'trespondforawhile,willtheybemad?Probablynot.IremindmyselfA.Topresentacommondilemma.B.TohighlightherpopulaC.Towarnagainstimproperuseofphones.D.Toindicateherres2.WhatisanegativeeffectofunaA.Theymeanmoreunreadmessages.B.Theyleadtoafeelingofbeingignored.C.Theyresultinunfairsocialranks.D.Theyremindp3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“araA.ThetendencyforC.ThefearofmissingouA.Thepopularityofgroupchats.B.WC.TheemotionalcostofgroutheyarenottheflashiestofhouseplantsshowtheseplantsaPaints,furniture,photocopiersanorganicchemicals,orVOCs.ChronicVOCexposureposesserioushealthriskspotentialorganda