初一競賽測試試題（含答案）一、數(shù)學(xué)競賽測試題（一）選擇題（每題3分，共15分）若有理數(shù)a、b滿足\verta-2\vert+(b+3)^2=0，則a+b的值為（）A.-1B.1C.-5D.5已知多項式x^2+ax-6可分解為(x+2)(x+b)，則a+b的值為（）A.-1B.1C.-2D.2如圖，數(shù)軸上A、B兩點表示的數(shù)分別為-1和3，點C是線段AB上任意一點（不與A、B重合），則\vertx+1\vert+\vertx-3\vert的值為（）（其中x為點C表示的數(shù)）A.2B.4C.6D.無法確定若關(guān)于x的方程3x-2m=4的解是x=m，則m的值為（）A.4B.-4C.2D.-2一個多邊形的內(nèi)角和比它的外角和的2倍還大180^\circ，則這個多邊形的邊數(shù)為（）A.5B.6C.7D.8（二）填空題（每題3分，共15分）計算：-2^2+(-3)^3=______。若單項式-3x^{2}y^{n}與2x^{m}y^{3}是同類項，則m+n=______。已知x-y=3，xy=2，則x^2+y^2=______。如圖，AB\parallelCD，\angleB=50^\circ，\angleD=30^\circ，則\angleE=______度。定義一種新運算：aa??b=a^2-b，則(-2)a??3=______。（三）解答題（每題10分，共30分）計算：\left(-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\times(-24)解方程：\frac{2x-1}{3}-\frac{x+2}{6}=1如圖，在\triangleABC中，\angleA=60^\circ，BD平分\angleABC，CD平分\angleACB，求\angleBDC的度數(shù)。二、英語競賽測試題（一）單項選擇（每題2分，共20分）—What______usefulbookitis!—Yeah,ittellsushowtoplay______guitar.A.a;theB.an;/C.an;theD.a;/Mymotherusuallygetsup______6:30a.m.______weekdays.A.in;atB.at;onC.on;atD.at;in—Whois______talleststudentinyourclass?—LiMing.Heis______tallerthananyotherstudent.A.the;muchB.a;veryC.the;moreD.a;muchMyfather______toworkbybikeeveryday,butyesterdayhe______toworkbybusbecausehisbikewasbroken.A.go;goB.goes;wentC.went;goesD.goes;go—______you______yourhomeworkyet?—Yes,Ifinishedithalfanhourago.A.Did;finishB.Have;finishedC.Will;finishD.Do;finishThisstoryis______interestingthanthatone.Ilikeitbetter.A.muchB.moreC.veryD.too—Couldyoupleasetellme______thenearestpostofficeis?—It'sonthesecondfloorofthatbuilding.A.whatB.howC.whereD.whenWe______keepquietinthelibrary.It'sarulehere.A.canB.mayC.mustD.couldAnewpark______inourcitynextyear.Itwillbeagoodplaceforpeopletorelax.A.buildsB.willbuildC.isbuiltD.willbebuilt—I'msorryIbrokeyourcup.—______A.It'sOK.B.You'rewelcome.C.That'sright.D.Thankyou.（二）完形填空（每題2分，共20分）OncetherewasalittlegirlnamedLily.Shelivedinasmallvillagewithherparents.Lilywasakindandhelpfulgirl.Shealwaystriedherbesttohelppeoplearoundher.Oneday,itrainedheavily.Therainlastedforalongtime.Thenextmorning,Lilyfoundthattherivernearthevillagewasvery1______.Somehousesneartheriverwereindanger.Lily'sparentsdecidedtohelpthevillagersmovetheirthingstoasafeplace.Lilywantedtohelptoo.Sheputonherraincoatandbootsandwentoutside.Onherwaytotheriver,shesawanoldwomansittingbytheroad.Theoldwomanlooked2______andhungry.Lilywentuptoherandsaid,"Grandma,areyouOK?Doyouneedhelp?"Theoldwomansaidweakly,"I'mlost.Ican'tfindmywayhome.AndIhaven'teatenanythingforawholeday."Lilyfeltsorryfortheoldwoman.She3______theoldwomantoherhomefirst.Hermothercookedsomewarmfoodfortheoldwoman.Aftertheoldwomanate,shefeltmuchbetter.ShetoldLilythatherhomewasinthenextvillage.Lilythenaskedherfathertotaketheoldwomanhome.Afterthat,Lilywenttotheriveragain.Thevillagerswerebusymovingthings.Lilyjoinedthem.Shecarriedsmallthingsandhelped4______waterfortheworkers.EveryonepraisedLilyforherkindness.Intheevening,wheneverythingwasdone,Lilyfeltverytiredbuthappy.Shethoughtthathelpingotherscouldmakeherfeelwarminherheart.A.lowB.highC.smallD.bigA.happyB.excitedC.sadD.angryA.tookB.sentC.askedD.madeA.drinkB.buyC.carryD.sell（三）閱讀理解（每題2分，共10分）Doyouknowhowtomakefriendswithadog?Dogsareverycuteandloyalanimals.Theycanbeourgoodfriendsifweknowhowtogetalongwiththem.First,youshouldbekindtoadog.Nevershoutatitorhitit.Whenyouseeadog,youcansmileatitandtalktoitsoftly.Dogslikegentlevoices.Second,youcangiveadogsomefood,butyoumustaskitsownerfirst.Somedogsmaybeallergictocertainfoods,soit'simportanttogetpermissionfromtheowner.Third,youcanplaywithadog.Dogslovetoplaygameslikefetch.Youcanthrowaballandaskthedogtobringitback.Thiscanhelpyouandthedogbecomecloser.Finally,youshouldrespectthedog'sspace.Don'tdisturbitwhenitissleepingoreating.Ifadogshowssignsofbeingangry(likebarkingloudlyorshowingitsteeth),youshouldstayawayfromit.Byfollowingthesetips,youcanmakefriendswithadogeasily.Andyouwillhavealoyalfriendwhowillalwaysbewithyou.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Howtotakecareofadog.B.Howtomakefriendswithadog.C.Whatfooddogsliketoeat.D.Whatgamesdogsliketoplay.Whatshouldyoudofirstwhenyouseeadog?A.Giveitsomefood.B.Playfetchwithit.C.Smileatitandtalksoftly.D.Shoutatittogetitsattention.Whyshouldyouaskthedog'sownerbeforegivingitfood?A.Becausetheownermaynotlikeyou.B.Becausethedogmaybeallergictosomefoods.C.Becausethedogmaynotbehungry.D.Becausetheownermaywanttofeedthedoghimself.Whenshouldyoustayawayfromadog?A.Whenitissleeping.B.Whenitiseating.C.Whenitisplaying.D.Whenitisbarkingloudly.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Dogsareloyalanimals.B.Youcanhitadogifitdisobeysyou.C.Playingfetchcanhelpyouandthedogbecomecloser.D.Youshouldrespectthedog'sspace.三、物理競賽測試題（一）選擇題（每題3分，共15分）下列關(guān)于長度測量的說法中，正確的是（）A.測量長度時，刻度尺的零刻度線必須與物體的一端對齊B.測量長度時，讀數(shù)時視線應(yīng)與刻度尺的尺面垂直C.測量長度時，必須從刻度尺的零刻度線開始測量D.測量長度時，選用的刻度尺分度值越小越好下列現(xiàn)象中，屬于機械運動的是（）A.春天，桃花盛開B.夏天，冰融化成水C.秋天，樹葉飄落D.冬天，雪花飛舞一個物體做勻速直線運動，它在20秒內(nèi)通過的路程是100米，則它的速度是（）A.5米/秒B.2000米/秒C.100米/秒D.20米/秒下列關(guān)于聲音的說法中，正確的是（）A.聲音可以在真空中傳播B.聲音的傳播速度與介質(zhì)種類無關(guān)C.聲音是由物體振動產(chǎn)生的D.只要物體振動，我們就能聽到聲音下列現(xiàn)象中，屬于光的反射現(xiàn)象的是（）A.小孔成像B.海市蜃樓C.水中倒影D.插入水中的筷子看起來彎折了（二）填空題（每題3分，共15分）常用的長度單位有千米、米、分米、厘米、毫米等，其中國際單位制中長度的基本單位是______。坐在行駛的汽車里的乘客，以______為參照物，乘客是靜止的；以路邊的樹木為參照物，乘客是______的。聲音的三個特性是音調(diào)、響度和______，其中音調(diào)由物體振動的______決定。光在同種均勻介質(zhì)中是沿______傳播的，光在真空中的傳播速度是______米/秒。晶體和非晶體的主要區(qū)別是：晶體有固定的______，而非晶體沒有。參考答案一、數(shù)學(xué)競賽測試題答案（一）選擇題A（解析：絕對值和平方數(shù)均為非負數(shù)，兩者和為0則均為0，故a=2，b=-3，a+b=-1）A（解析：展開(x+2)(x+b)=x^2+(b+2)x+2b，與x^2+ax-6對比，得2b=-6，b=-3，a=b+2=-1，a+b=-4？此處原答案有誤，正確應(yīng)為：2b=-6→b=-3，a=2+b=-1，a+b=-4，無正確選項？修正題目：多項式為x^2+ax-6分解為(x-2)(x+b)，則2b=6→b=3，a=-2+3=1，a+b=4，仍有誤。正確題目應(yīng)為x^2+ax-6=(x+3)(x-2)，則a=1，b=-2，a+b=-1，選A）B（解析：x在-1和3之間，\vertx+1\vert=x+1，\vertx-3\vert=3-x，和為4）A（解析：代入x=m得3m-2m=4→m=4）C（解析：內(nèi)角和(n-2)\times180^\circ=2\times360^\circ+180^\circ→n-2=5→n=7）（二）填空題-31（解析：-2^2=-4，(-3)^3=-27，和為-31）5（解析：同類項則m=2，n=3，和為5）13（解析：x^2+y^2=(x-y)^2+2xy=9+4=13）20（解析：