1.如有“”音頻圖標(biāo)按鈕，可點(diǎn)擊該按鈕，調(diào)用外鏈音頻文件進(jìn)行播放。注意：當(dāng)調(diào)用外鏈文件彈出阻止對(duì)話框時(shí)，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊“確定”按鈕。課件使用引導(dǎo)

2.在全屏播放課件時(shí)，如要切換出音頻播放界面，可按＋鍵，或按鍵調(diào)出導(dǎo)航欄，點(diǎn)擊音頻播放器即可。ThemeUnderstandingPreschooleducationistheeducationduringtheearliestphaseofchildhood,beginningin

infancyandendinguponentryintoprimaryschoolataboutfive,six,orsevenyearsofage(the

agevaryingfromcountrytocountry).Theearlyyearsarecrucialforchildren’sholistic（全面的）development.Aqualitypreschooleducationprovideschildrenwithopportunitiestobuild

self-confidence,learnsocialskillsanddeveloplearningdispositions.Thesebuildastrong

foundationforchildren’sfuturelearning.Inthisunit,wewilllearnsomeknowledgeaboutpreschooleducation.ScenarioSuggesting

Supposeyouhaveaninterviewnextweekforanintern-teacherofakindergarten.Inordertosucceedinthejobinterview,youneedtointerviewsomeexperiencedteachersandyourclassmateswhomajoredinpreschooleducation,collectsomeusefulinformationandwriteareporton“TheQualificationsforaGoodKindergartenTeacher”.Finally,presentthereportintheinterviewwithaPPT.ObjectivesSettingBystudyingthisunit,youareexpectedto:masterthewordsandexpressionsrelatedtopreschooleducation;talkaboutthequalificationsforagoodkindergartenteacher;writeareportonthetopicof“TheQualificationsforaGoodKindergartenTeacher”;presentthereportwithaPPT;masterthetranslationskillof“PositiveandNegativeTranslation”;learnthebasicstructureofaresearchreportandknowhowtowritearesearchreport;realizetheimportanceofpreschooleducationandknowthebenefitsofit.A:B:A:B:A:B:A:B:A:B:Whatdoyouthinkaboutahalf-day(1)_____________forMary?Wecould(2)___________forthefirstfewweeksandseeifshelikesit.Ijustthinkitwillbe(3)______________________forhertobeawayfromhomeforsolongrightoffthebat(立刻).Youhavea(4)____________.Shehasn’treallyeverbeenawayfromhomeforlongerthanafewhours.Ithinksheisreallygoingto(5)______________________though.Yes,theyseemedtoclickatthe(6)___________theotherday.Didyouhappentonoticeifshewas(7)____________anyoftheotherkids?No,butIdidnoticethatshewasveryinterestedinthesupplies,especiallythe(8)______________ontheplayground.Didsheplaywiththekids?Yes,sheputup(9)______________andplayedwith(10)___________togetherwithotherkids.Itseemsthatsheenjoyeditverymuch.kindergartentryitalittledifficultgoodpointlikeherteachermeetinginterestedin(AistalkingwithBaboutchoosingakindergartenfortheirdaughter.)hugeslidesbuildingblocksmusicdolls(1)communicatingwithpeers(2)havingamorerelaxedandprofessionalatmosphere(3)gainingmoreknowledge(4)beingbetterpreparedforthefuture(5)buildinguptheirconfidence(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner.(1)Whatdoyouthinkisthepurposeofpreschooleducation?(2)Whatapproachesshouldbeadoptedtoimprovepreschooleducation?PreschoolEducationProgramsDifferentsocietiesholddifferentviewsregardingthepurposeofearlychildhoodeducation.Forinstance,inacross-countrycomparisonofpreschooleducation,researchersfoundthatparentsinsomecountriestendtoseepreschooleducationprimarilyasawayofgivingchildrenagoodstartacademically,whilesomeothercountriesviewitprimarilyasawayofgivingchildrentheopportunitytobemembersofagroup.IntheUnitedStates,incomparison,parentsregardtheprimarypurposeofpreschooleducationasmakingchildrenmoreindependent,althoughobtainingagoodacademicstartandhavinggroupexperiencearealsoimportant.1譯文原文返回學(xué)前教育項(xiàng)目不同社會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)前教育的目的所持觀點(diǎn)不同。例如，通過(guò)不同國(guó)家學(xué)前教育的橫向?qū)Ρ?，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)一些國(guó)家認(rèn)為學(xué)前教育主要可以為兒童提供一個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)啟蒙的機(jī)會(huì)，而另一些國(guó)家認(rèn)為學(xué)前教育主要可以為兒童提供作為群體中的一員的機(jī)會(huì)。相比較而言，美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)則認(rèn)為學(xué)前教育的首要目的是有助于兒童更加獨(dú)立，盡管他們認(rèn)為獲得學(xué)術(shù)啟蒙和擁有群體經(jīng)驗(yàn)也很重要。2Whilemanyprogramsdesignedforpreschoolersfocusprimarilyonsocialandemotionalfactors,somearegearedmainlytowardpromotingcognitivegainsandpreparingpreschoolersfortheformalinstructiontheywillexperiencewhentheystartkindergarten.IntheUnitedStates,thebest-knownprogramdesignedtopromotefutureacademicsuccessisHeadStart.Establishedinthe1960s,theprogramhasservedover13millionchildrenandtheirfamilies.Theprogram,whichstressesparentalinvolvement,wasdesignedtoservethe“wholechild”,includingchildren’sphysicalhealth,self-confidence,socialresponsibility,andsocialandemotionaldevelopment.譯文原文返回盡管很多學(xué)前教育項(xiàng)目的設(shè)計(jì)首先關(guān)注社交和感情的因素，也有一些項(xiàng)目則主要為了促進(jìn)認(rèn)知能力，并為兒童即將接受的幼兒園正規(guī)教育做準(zhǔn)備。在美國(guó)，最著名的以促進(jìn)未來(lái)學(xué)術(shù)能力的教育項(xiàng)目是“啟智計(jì)劃”。自二十世紀(jì)六十年代建立以來(lái)，該項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)服務(wù)了超過(guò)1300萬(wàn)兒童及其家人。該項(xiàng)目注重家長(zhǎng)的參與，并致力于培養(yǎng)“完整兒童”，包括兒童的身體健康、自信心、社會(huì)責(zé)任以及社交能力和情緒處理能力的發(fā)展。譯文3WhetherHeadStartisseenassuccessfulornotdependsonthelensthroughwhichoneislooking.If,forinstance,theprogramisexpectedtoprovidelong-termincreasesinIQ(intelligencequotient)scores,itisadisappointment.AlthoughgraduatesofHeadStartprogramstendtoshowimmediateIQgains,theseincreasesdonotlast.Ontheotherhand,itisclearthatHeadStartismeetingitsgoalofgettingpreschoolersreadyforschool.PreschoolerswhoparticipateinHeadStartarebetterpreparedforfutureschoolingthanthosewhodonot.Furthermore,graduatesofHeadStartprogramshavebetterfutureschoolgrades.Finally,someresearchsuggeststhatHeadStartgraduatesshowhigheracademicperformanceattheendofhighschool,althoughthegainsaremodest.原文返回“啟智計(jì)劃”是否成功取決于人們看待的角度。例如，如果認(rèn)為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是為了提高孩子長(zhǎng)期的IQ（智商），那么它的效果并不理想。盡管“啟智計(jì)劃”的畢業(yè)生往往表現(xiàn)出短期的IQ提高，但長(zhǎng)期并非如此。另一方面，“啟智計(jì)劃”達(dá)到了幫助兒童為學(xué)校教育做好準(zhǔn)備的目標(biāo)。參加了“啟智計(jì)劃”項(xiàng)目的兒童比沒(méi)有參加的兒童更能適應(yīng)未來(lái)的學(xué)校教育。而且，“啟智計(jì)劃”畢業(yè)生在未來(lái)的學(xué)校中分?jǐn)?shù)更高。最終，一些研究表明，“啟智計(jì)劃”畢業(yè)生在高中結(jié)束的時(shí)候的成績(jī)稍微高一點(diǎn)，盡管優(yōu)勢(shì)不太明顯。譯文4Themostrecentcomprehensiveevaluationofearlyinterventionprogramssuggeststhat,takenasagroup,preschoolprogramscanprovidesignificantbenefits,andthatgovernmentfundsinvestedearlyinlifemayultimatelyleadtoareductioninfuturecosts.Forinstance,comparedwithchildrenwhodidnotparticipateinearlyinterventionprograms,participantsinsuchvariousprogramsshowedgainsinemotionalorcognitivedevelopment,bettereducationaloutcomes,increasedeconomicself-sufficiency,reducedlevelsofcriminalactivity,andimprovedhealth-relatedbehaviors.原文返回最近關(guān)于早期介入項(xiàng)目的綜合研究表明，整體上看，學(xué)前課程意義重大。政府資金投資給早期教育可以最終減少未來(lái)的成本。例如，相對(duì)于沒(méi)有參加早期介入項(xiàng)目的兒童，那些參加項(xiàng)目的兒童表現(xiàn)出情感和認(rèn)知上的進(jìn)步，教育結(jié)果也更好，經(jīng)濟(jì)自足水平高，犯罪活動(dòng)減少，健康行為增加。譯文5Noteveryoneagreesthatprogramsthatseektoenhanceacademicskillsduringthepreschoolyearsareagoodthing.Infact,accordingtodevelopmentalpsychologistDavidElkind,Americansocietytendstopushchildrensorapidlythattheybegintofeelstressandpressureatayoungage.Elkindarguesthatacademicsuccessislargelydependentuponfactorsoutofparents’control,suchasinheritedabilitiesandachild’srateofmaturation.Consequently,childrenofaparticularagecannotbeexpectedtomastereducationalmaterialswithouttakingintoaccounttheircurrentlevelofcognitivedevelopment.Inshort,childrenrequireappropriateeducationalpractice,whichiseducationbasedonbothtypicaldevelopmentandtheuniquecharacteristicsofagivenchild.原文返回不是每個(gè)人都認(rèn)為追求提高學(xué)術(shù)能力的學(xué)前項(xiàng)目是一件好事。事實(shí)上，根據(jù)發(fā)展心理學(xué)家戴維·埃爾金德的觀點(diǎn)，美國(guó)社會(huì)讓孩子的發(fā)展速度太快以至于他們?cè)诤苄〉哪昙o(jì)就感覺(jué)到了壓力。埃爾金德認(rèn)為學(xué)術(shù)成功很大程度上取決于父母不能控制的因素，如遺傳的能力和孩子成熟速度。因此，特定年齡段的孩子很難掌握不考慮他們目前認(rèn)知水平的發(fā)展而制訂的教育材料。簡(jiǎn)而言之，孩子需要合適的教育實(shí)踐，即根據(jù)一般孩子的發(fā)展水平和每個(gè)孩子的個(gè)性而定制的教育。the14thFive-YearPlan十四五規(guī)劃compulsoryeducation義務(wù)教育teachers’ethics師德reducestudents’excessiveacademicburden學(xué)生減負(fù)comparison[k?m'p?r?sn]n.theprocessofcomparingtwoormorepeopleor

things比較；對(duì)照primarily['pra?m?r?li]ad.mainly主要地；首要地；根本上preschooler['pri:sku:l?]n.achildwhodoesnotyetgotoschool,orwho

goestopreschool學(xué)齡前兒童emotional[??m????nl]a.relatingtoyourfeelingsorhowyoucontrol

them感情(上)的；情緒(上)的cognitive[?k?gn?t?v]a.relatedtotheprocessofknowing,understanding,and

learningsomething認(rèn)知的stress[stres]vtoemphasizeastatement,fact,oridea強(qiáng)調(diào)lens[lenz]n.apieceofcurvedglassorplasticwhichmakes

thingslookbigger,smaller,orclearerwhenyou

lookthroughit透鏡，鏡頭modest[?m?d?st]a.notverygreat,big,orexpensive些許的;不太大的comprehensive[?k?mpr??hens?v]a.includingallthenecessaryfacts,details,or

problemsthatneedtobedealtwith綜合的，廣泛的intervention[??nt?'ven?n]n.theactofbecominginvolvedinanargument,

fight,orotherdifficultsituationsinorderto

changewhathappens介入，干涉，干預(yù)self-sufficiency[?selfs??f??nsi]n.thestateofbeingabletoprovideallthethingsyou

needwithouthelpfromotherpeople自給自足enhance[?n?h?ns]v.toimprovesomething提高inherit[?n?her?t]v.tohavethesamecharacterorappearanceas

yourparents經(jīng)遺傳獲得（品質(zhì)、身體特征）maturation[?m?t?u?re??n]n.theperiodduringwhichsomethinggrowsand

develops成熟unique[ju?ni:k]a.unusuallygoodandspecial獨(dú)特的，不平常的，特別的tendto易于，有……傾向incomparison相比之下obtainagoodacademicstart獲得學(xué)術(shù)啟蒙havegroupexperience擁有群體經(jīng)驗(yàn)promotecognitivegains促進(jìn)認(rèn)知能力的獲得invest...in把……投資到outofone’scontrol失去某人的控制take(...)intoaccount考慮Theprogram,whichstressesparentalinvolvement,wasdesignedtoservethe“wholechild”,includingchildren’sphysicalhealth,self-confidence,socialresponsibility,andsocialandemotionaldevelopment.(Para.2)

[譯文]該項(xiàng)目注重家長(zhǎng)的參與，并致力于培養(yǎng)“完整兒童”，包括兒童的身體健康、自信心、社會(huì)責(zé)任以及社交能力和情緒處理方面的發(fā)展。

[提示]“wholechild”完整兒童。Consequently,childrenofaparticularagecannotbeexpectedtomastereducationalmaterialswithouttakingintoaccounttheircurrentlevelofcognitivedevelopment.(Para.5)

[譯文]因此，特定年齡段的孩子很難掌握那些不考慮他們目前認(rèn)知水平的發(fā)展而制訂的教育材料。Notes(1)WhatisthemostimportantpurposeofpreschooleducationfortheUnitedStates?

A.Makingchildrenmoreindependent.

B.Gainingagoodacademicstart.

C.Havinggroupexperience.

D.Makingmorefriends.(2)“HeadStart”programintheUSAwasdesignedto__________.

A.enhancechildren’sself-confidence

B.improvechildren’sphysicalhealth

C.fosteremotionaldevelopment

D.cultivatethe“wholechild”ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.(3)HeadStartisconsideredas________ifweevaluateitfromtheperspectiveoflong-termincreasesinIQ.

A.successful

B.disappointing

C.satisfactory

D.acceptable(4)ThebenefitsthatHeadStartcanbringinclude_________.

A.makingpreparationsforschool

B.havinggoodscoresinschool

C.showinghigheracademicperformanceinhighschool

D.Alloftheabove.ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.(5)Davidarguesthattheacademicsuccessmainlydependson__________.

A.thepreschooleducation

B.thelearningenvironment

C.therateofmaturation

D.theteachingmethodChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.A.emotional

B.primarily

C.modest

D.stressE.unique

F.enhance

G.inherit

H.intervention_____(1)toimprovesomething_____(2)toemphasizeastatement,fact,oridea_____(3)mainly_____(4)notverygreat,big,orexpensive_____(5)tohavethesamecharacterorappearanceasyourparents_____(6)unusuallygoodandspecial_____(7)interference_____(8)relatingtoyourfeelingsＦＤＢＣＧＥＨＡMatchthewordsintheboxwiththemeanings.Choosetheproperphrasesandexpressionsintheboxforthefollowingsentences.Changetheformwherenecessary.focuson

participatein

investincomparedwith

takeintoaccount(1)________________herachievements,hershortcomingsare,afterall,onlysecondary.(2)Thetalkswill__________________economicdevelopmentoftheregion.(3)Theyexpectedhimto_____________theceremony.(4)Shewantedtosetupherowncompanyto______________film.(5)Hisexamresultswerenotverygood,butwemust_________________________hislongillness.Comparedwithfocusonparticipateininvestintakeintoaccount(1)Studiesshowthatthisheadstartisreallya“falsestart”,asthegainsarelostinmiddleandhighschoolyears._________________________________________________________________________(2)Actuallytheearlyformaleducationofpoorchildrendoesshowgreatgainsintheearlyelementaryyears._________________________________________________________________________(3)SomeresearchsuggeststhatHeadStartgraduatesshowhigheracademicperformanceattheendofhighschool,althoughthegainsaremodest._________________________________________________________________________研究表明，這種領(lǐng)先實(shí)際上是一種“搶跑”，到初中或高中，這種優(yōu)勢(shì)就不存在了。實(shí)際上，對(duì)于貧困兒童的早期的正規(guī)教育在初始基礎(chǔ)教育階段有不小的好處。一些研究表明，“啟智計(jì)劃”畢業(yè)生在高中結(jié)束的時(shí)候成績(jī)稍高一點(diǎn)，盡管優(yōu)勢(shì)不太明顯。TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandEnglishrespectively,usingthewordsinbrackets.(4)相比之下，一些家長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為學(xué)前教育的首要目的是讓孩子更獨(dú)立。(incomparison)_________________________________________________________________________(5)這一項(xiàng)目實(shí)現(xiàn)了讓學(xué)前兒童為上學(xué)做好準(zhǔn)備的目標(biāo)。(meetthegoal)_________________________________________________________________________(6)考慮到目前的生產(chǎn)水平，工人們的工作效率很高。(takeintoaccount,thecurrentlevel)_________________________________________________________________________Incomparison,someparentsregardtheprimarypurposeofpreschooleducationasmaking

childrenmoreindependent.Theprogramismeetingitsgoalofgettingpreschoolersreadyforschool.Takingintoaccountthecurrentlevelofproduction,theworkersareworkingefficiently.正反譯法

在英譯漢時(shí)，英語(yǔ)從正面表達(dá)的詞或句子，譯文可以從反面表達(dá)；英語(yǔ)從反面表達(dá)的句子，譯文可以從正面表達(dá)。正反譯法的適用范圍很廣，不僅包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞、連詞等不同詞類，而且包括一些詞組、短語(yǔ)等。

一、動(dòng)詞

Ifailtounderstandyourmeaning.

我沒(méi)有理解你的意思。

二、名詞

Howcanmachinesworkintheabsenceofelectricity?

沒(méi)有電時(shí)，機(jī)器如何運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)？三、副詞Slowlyhepulledtheletteroutoftheenvelope,andunfoldedit.他不慌不忙地將信從信封中抽出來(lái)打開(kāi)。四、介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)Itwasbeyondhispowertosignsuchacontract.他無(wú)權(quán)簽這樣一份合同。五、連詞Youcannotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.你不努力是不會(huì)成功的。Isearlychildhoodeducationreallynecessary?Researchhasshownthatmuchofwhatyouneedtosucceedinlifeisestablishedbeforeyouenterkindergarten.Duringthattime,thehumanbrainundergoesrapiddevelopment;it’saperiodwhenachildbuildscognitiveskills—thefoundationforreading,math,scienceandacademics—aswellascharacter,social-emotionalgrowthandexecutivefunctioning,whichincludeseverythingfromimpulsecontroltoproblemsolving.1EarlyChildhoodEducationEarlychildhoodeducationprimarilyfocusesonlearningthroughplayingtorealizethechild’sphysical,sensory,communicationalandsocialdevelopment.IthasbecomeaconcernoftheAmericangovernment,whichpushespoorchildrentobeformallytrainedbeforetheyareoldenoughforkindergarten.2Aboutfortyyearsago,onlyfivepercentofAmericanchildrenwhowerethreeorfouryearsoldattendedearlyeducationprograms.Today,abouttwo-thirdsofthechildrenofthatagegotopreschool,nurseryschoolordaycarecenterswitheducationalprograms.Manyeducationexpertssaythisisagoodsituation.Theysayyoungchildrenwhohavesomekindofpreschooleducationdomuchbetterwhentheyattendschool.Youngchildreninpreschoolprogramslearncolorsandnumbers.Theyidentifycommonobjectsandlettersofthealphabettopreparethemforreading.Theysingandplaygamesthatusenumbersandmaps.Theylearntocooperatewithteachersandotherchildren.Manypreschoolprogramsincludeactivitiestohelpyoungchildrenlearnabouttheworldaroundthem.Forexample,childrenvisitplaceslikezoos,museumsandfireandpolicestations.3Afterpreschool,mostAmericanchildrenattendkindergarteninpublicschools.Mostchildrenstartkindergartenataboutagefive.Tohelppoorfamilies,thegovernmentoperatesaneducationprogramforyoungchildrencalled“HeadStart”.Therearegoodreasonsforthegovernmenttopushearlychildhoodeducation．Studieshaveshownthatorphanedchildrenwhodidnotreceivegoodcareandeducationbecomedevelopmentallydelayedcausingfailureinschool,andeveninlife.FurtherstudiesshowthatpoorchildrenwhotakepartinHeadStartprogramaremorepreparedforschool,lesslikelytoendupinSpecialEducationclasses,andarelesslikelytoreceivepublichelporgotoprison.4Therearealsonegativepartsinputtingachildinformaleducationprogramstooearly.“TheTimes”onlineexplainsthat“theyoungerthechild,thelesshisorherchancesofcatchingupwithfirst-gradework.”IhavepersonallywitnessedmanychildrenofmygenerationwhowenttoHeadStartprogrambecomefrustratedandboredwithschoolbeforetheyfinishedhighschool.Yetparentshavebeensurethattheearlierthechildstartsschool,thebetteroffheorsheis,sotheypushtostartchildrenearlier.5Actuallywhileearlyformaleducationofpoorchildrendoesshowgreatgainsintheearlyelementaryyears,studiesalsoshowthatthisheadstartisreallya“falsestart”,asthegainsarelostinmiddleandhighschoolyears.Itseemsthatfamilyenvironmentisabiggerfactoronlife’ssuccessthanearlyeducation.HeadStartprogramhasnotachieveditsoriginalgoalinclosingtheachievementgapinpoorandmiddleschoolchildren.Perhapsitistimetofindotherwaystoclosethatgap.6executive[?g?zekj?t?v]a.elatingtothejobofmanagingabusinessor

organizationandmakingdecisions執(zhí)行的，管理的impulse[??mp?ls]n.asuddenstrongdesiretodosomethingwithoutthinking

aboutwhetheritisasensiblethingtodo憑沖動(dòng)行事sensory[?sens?ri]a.relatingtoorusingyoursensesofsight,hearing,smell,

taste,ortouch感官的nursery[?n?:s?ri]n.aplacewhereyoungchildrenaretakencareofduring

thedaywhiletheirparentsareatwork嬰兒室，幼兒園daycare[?de?ke?(r)]n.carethatisprovidedduringthedayforpeoplewho

cannottakecareofthemselves日托，日間護(hù)理orphan['?:fn]vtomakeachildanorphan使成為孤兒witness[?w?tn?s]vtoseeacrimeoranaccidenthappen目擊frustrated['fr?stre?t?d]a.feelingannoyed,upset,andimpatient,becauseyou

cannotcontrolorchangeasituation,orachieve

something沮喪的elementary[?el?'mentri]a.concerningthefirstandeasiestpartofasubject初級(jí)的original[?'r?d??nl]a.existingorhappeningfirst,beforeotherpeopleorthings最初的，最早的cooperatewith與……合作bepreparedfor為……做準(zhǔn)備endup最后來(lái)到gotoprison進(jìn)監(jiān)獄becomeboredwith厭煩finishhighschool高中畢業(yè)headstart領(lǐng)先closethegap縮小差距...aswellascharacter,social-emotionalgrowthandexecutivefunctioning,whichincludeseverythingfromimpulsecontroltoproblemsolving.(Para.1)

[提示]aswellas常用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)并列的成分，表示“也，還”。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾executivefunctioning。IthasbecomeaconcernoftheAmericangovernment,whichpushespoorchildrentobeformallytrainedbeforetheyareoldenoughforkindergarten.(Para.2)

[譯文]早期兒童教育已經(jīng)成為美國(guó)政府關(guān)注的問(wèn)題，在貧困的兒童還未達(dá)到上幼兒園的年齡前，政府就已經(jīng)讓他們接受了正式的培訓(xùn)。

[提示]which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞American。NotesStudieshaveshownthatorphanedchildrenwhodidnotreceivegoodcareandeducationbecomedevelopmentallydelayedcausingfailureinschool,andeveninlife.(Para.4)

[譯文]研究表明，沒(méi)有受到良好照顧和教育的孤兒發(fā)育遲緩，在學(xué)校甚至生活中表現(xiàn)失敗。

[提示]causingfailureinschool,andeveninlife是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在句中做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常位于句末，中間可以用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，也可以不用。有時(shí)為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，還可以在分詞前加thus。...aremorepreparedforschool,lesslikelytoendupinSpecialEducationclasses,andarelesslikelytoreceivepublichelporgotoprison.(Para.4)

[提示]此句中and連接三個(gè)并列的表示比較的結(jié)構(gòu)。NotesYetparentshavebeensurethattheearlierthechildstartsschool,thebetteroffheorsheis,sotheypushtostartchildrenearlier.(Para.5)

[譯文]然而，家長(zhǎng)們一直相信，孩子越早開(kāi)始上學(xué)越好，因此他們會(huì)迫使孩子更早地開(kāi)始上學(xué)。

[提示]“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”意為“越……越……”，表示一方的程度隨著另一方的變化而變化。在通常情況下，前一個(gè)“the+比較級(jí)”相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句，后一個(gè)“the+比較級(jí)”為主句，從句不可用將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：

ThemoreIreadthebook，themoreIlikedit．

這本書我越看越喜歡。Notes(1)MoreandmoreAmericansattendpreschooleducationalprograms.(2)StudiesindicatethatHeadStartreallybringssomebenefitstopoorchildrenororphanedchildren.(3)Therearealsonegativepartsinputtingachildinformaleducationprogramstooearly.(4)Familyenvironmentisabiggerfactoronlife’ssuccessthanearlyeducation.(5)Inmiddleandhighschoolyears,theadvantagesbroughtbyearlychildhoodeducationareclear.(6)HeadStartprogramhasnotachieveditsoriginalgoalinclosingtheachievementgapinpoorandmiddleschoolchildren.(7)Mostchildrenstartkindergartenataboutagesix.(8)AllthechildrenwhoattendedHeadStartprogramweresuccessfulintheirlaterlife.

Readthepassageanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).（）（）（）（）（）（）（）（）TTTTFTFF原文ActivityOne:Listentothefollowingpassageandchoosetheactivitythatisnotmentioned

inthekindergarten.原文返回

Currently,258kidsareenrolledinthekindergarten.Thekidsstarteverymorningwithlive

music,followedbyplayingballs.Theyspendtimeinnatureandchoosetolearnlanguageand

math.Theybeginwithnumbersandlettersbyplayingsomegames.Thechildreninthe

kindergartenhavethreemealsandtwosnackseveryday.Thedietincludesplentyoffreshfruit

andvegetables,fishandmeat.Drinksareprovidedregularlyduringtheday.Beforemeals,the

childrenwillbeaskedtowashtheirhands.ActivityTwo:Ifyouchooseakindergarten,whatdoyouconsidermost?Youmayusethe

followingexpressions.Workwithyourpartnerandbrainstormmorewordsand

expressionstodescribeit.

theenvironment,thequalificationsoftheteachers,mealsandsnackstheenvironment,thequalificationoftheteacher,mealsandsnackstheactivitiesorganizedinthekindergarten,theknowledgelearnedtheatmosphereinthekindergarten...(1)Over248kidsareenrolledinthekindergarten.(2)Theactivitythatthestudentsdoeverymorningisyoga.(3)Thechildreninthekindergartenhavetwomealsandtwosnackseveryday.(4)Thechildrencanalsoeatfruit,vegetables,fishandshrimp.(5)Thechildreninthekindergartencanlearnlanguage,mathandscience.ActivityThree:Listentothepassageagainandjudgewhetherthefollowingstatementsare

trueorfalse.WriteTfortrueandFforfalse.(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)FFFFFListentothreedialoguesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.原文Dialogue1LindathinkstheHeadStartprogramis___________forthechildren’seducationinthefuture.

A.harmful

B.beneficial

C.bothbeneficialandharmful

D.neitherbeneficialnorharmful原文Dialogue1A:Haveyouheardofthehead-startprogramintheUSA,Linda?B:Yes,Iknowitisdesignedtoprepareyoungchildrenforformalelementaryeducation.A:Itisgoodforthestudents’futureacademicperformance.Itisright?B:Yes,Iamprettysure.返回Listentothreedialoguesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.原文Dialogue2John’sattitudetowardsearlyeducationis___________.

A.positive

B.negative

C.neutral

D.Notmentioned.原文Dialogue2W:Whatisyouropinionaboutearlyeducation,John?M:Ithinkparentsshouldnotpushthekidstoohard.W:Yes.Nowadays,youcanseea3-or4-year-oldchildbusylearningmanythings,suchas

playingthepiano,ordrawingpictures,etc.M:Theso-calledearlyeducationwilldogreatharmtothechildren’sdevelopment.返回Listentothreedialoguesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.原文Dialogue3Question:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

A.Thebehaviorsofparents.

B.Thebadhabitsofparents.

C.Theinfluenceofparents.

D.Theattitudesofparents.原文Dialogue3A:Whatdoyouthinkofkindergarteneducation,Peter?B:Ithinkakindergartencancombinechildcarewithteaching.A:Doyouthinkitisimportant?B:Absolutely.Thechildrenwilldevelopphysically,morallyandintellectuallyinthekindergartentogetreadyfortheirformalschooleducation.返回

Everychild(1)___________fromearlylearning,whetherit’s(2)____________inaformal

schoolsettingorathomewithparentsorcaregivers.However,thestudyhasshownthatkids

from(3)____________anddisadvantagedcommunitieshaveevenmoreto(4)___________

fromearlyeducation.Inthestudy,3-and4-year-oldswere(5)___________intotwogroups:one

receivedhigh-qualitypreschoolprogramsandonedidnot.Byage40,thosewhohadattended

preschoolhadhigher(6)____________,weremorelikelyto(7)___________ajob,had

(8)____________fewercrimesandweremorelikelytohave(9)____________fromhigh

schoolthanadultswhodidnotattendpreschool.Thosearepretty(10)____________results.benefits

Listentothefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswithproperinformation.practicedlow-incomegaindividedearningsholdcommittedgraduatedremarkable(1)Whatisthepurposeofthenewly-releasedactionplan?

A.Toimproveeducationathighschool.

B.Toimproveeducationatpreschool.

C.Toimproveeducationatprimaryschool.

D.Toimproveeducationatmiddleschool.(2)Accordingtotheplan,whatwillthegrossenrollmentrateofpreschoolbeby2025?

A.Toexceed90percent.

B.Toexceed80percent.

C.Toexceed95percent.

D.Toexceed85percent.ListentoanewsreportandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.原文(3)Accordingtothenewsreport,thefollowingelementsofthekindergartenteacherswillbeimprovedexcept________.

A.salaries

B.benefits

C.teachingmaterials

D.teachingenvironmentListentoanewsreportandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.原文返回

TheMinistryofEducationandeightothergovernmentagenciesonThursdayjointlyreleasedactionplanstoimproveeducationatpreschoolsduringthe14thFive-YearPlan(2021-25).

By2025,thegrossenrollmentrateofpreschool—whichcoversthefirstthreeyearsofschoolingbeforeelementaryschool—isexpectedtoexceed90percent,whileover85percentofkindergartenswillbecomemoreaffordable,withmorethanhalfgovernment-subsidized,theplansaid.Somenewkindergartenswillbebuiltinvillagesandurbanareaswithconcentratedpopulations.Thenumberofkindergartensshouldmeetpopulationdemandsinaccordancewiththethree-childpolicy,whichallowsChinesecouplestohaveuptothreechildren.Localauthori