北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)2024年外語(yǔ)拔尖計(jì)劃（英語(yǔ)文學(xué)）戲劇分析試題及答案考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartOne:ShortAnswerQuestions1.InArthurMiller's*DeathofaSalesman*,WillyLoman'stragicflawisofteninterpretedashisobsessionwiththeAmericanDream,particularlythemisconceptionthatsuccessissolelydependentonbeingwell-likedandphysicallyattractive.DiscusshowMillerusessymbolism(suchastheyellowwallpaperinWilly'smind,thecar,Biff'shighschoolrecords)andcharacterinteractions(especiallybetweenWillyandBiff)toportraythisflawanditsdevastatingconsequences.2.BrieflycompareandcontrastthepresentationofmadnessintwoplaysofyourchoicefromtheRestorationorAugustanperiod.Focusonhowtheplaysdefinemadness,thesocialresponsestothecharactersdeemedmad,andthepotentialsatiricalorphilosophicalpurposesunderlyingthedepiction.PartTwo:EssayQuestion3.DiscussthefunctionandsignificanceofthechorusinSophocles'*OedipusRex*.Analyzehowthechoruscontributestotheplay'sthematicexploration(suchasfateversusfreewill,thelimitsofhumanknowledge,orthenatureofsuffering),enhancesthedramaticaction,andshapestheaudience'semotionalresponse.Considertheirroleinsettingthescene,commentingontheevents,andmediatingbetweenthegodsandthehumancharacters.試卷答案PartOne:ShortAnswerQuestions1.答案：ArthurMillerutilizespotentsymbolismandcrucialcharacterdynamicstoexposeWillyLoman'sdestructiveobsessionwiththesuperficialAmericanDream.Therecurringimageofthe"yellowwallpaper,"whichhauntsWilly'smind,symbolizesthementaldecaycausedbyhisunattainableaspirationsandsocietalpressures.Itrepresentsthesuffocatingillusionofsuccessthatconsumeshim,mirroringthedecayinghouseinhismind.Willy'sprizedcar,initiallyasymbolofsuccess,deterioratesphysically,mirroringhisowndeclineandhighlightingtheobsolescenceofhisvaluesinachangingAmerica.Biff'shighschoolrecords,representingapastperceivedsuccess,areultimatelyrevealedasirrelevantintherealworld,contrastingWilly'sbeliefinachievingsuccessthroughpopularityandphysicalcharm.TheinteractionbetweenWillyandBiffiscentraltorevealingthisflaw.WillydesperatelytriestoprojecthisfaileddreamsontoBiff,demandinghebe"well-liked"andappealing,reflectinghisownneedforexternalvalidation.Biff'srejectionofthispath,hisadmissionthathe"livedforBiff,"andhissubsequentrealizationofhisfather'smisguidanceexposethehollownessofWilly'sdefinitionofsuccess.TheseelementscombinedillustratehowWilly'stragicflaw,rootedinhismisguidedinterpretationoftheAmericanDream,leadstohispsychologicalfragmentationandultimatedownfall,causingimmensesufferingforhisfamily.2.答案：JohnDryden's*TheImportanceofBeingEarnest*andWilliamCongreve's*TheWayoftheWorld*offercontrastingpresentationsofmadness,primarilyservingdifferentsatiricalpurposes.In*TheImportanceofBeingEarnest*,themadnessislargelyfeigned.LadyBracknell'srigidadherencetosocialconventionsandherinabilitytograspthesimpletruthofJackWorthing'sdualidentity("Whatisthematterwithhim?Can'theunderstandasimplequestion?Ishemad?")satirizestheabsurdityandrigidityofhighsociety.Her"madness"stemsfromherintellectualandemotionalparalysiswithinanartificialworldwherelogicissubvertedbysocialstatusandpretense.Incontrast,Congreve's*TheWayoftheWorld*presentsmorenuancedmadness,oftenlinkedtosocialcommentary.Forinstance,thecharacterofMirabell,whilenotstrictlymad,exhibitseccentricandimpulsivebehaviordrivenbyhiscircumstancesanddesireforrevenge,reflectingthechaoticsocialinteractionsandshiftingalliancesoftheRestorationcourt.Hisschemes,whileclever,oftenborderonthenonsensical,highlightingtheunpredictablenatureofsocialmaneuvering.OrconsiderthecharacterofFannySeraphina,whosepietyissoextremeitbordersontheeccentric,critiquingthereligioushypocrisyprevalentintheera.WhileDrydenusesfeignedmadnesstoexposesocialhypocrisythroughironyandcharacterabsurdity,CongreveemploysmorevariedandsometimeseccentricbehaviortocommentonthecomplexitiesandoftenillogicalnatureofsociallifeandhumanmotivationsintheRestorationperiod.Theaudience'sresponsedifferstoo:amuseddisbelieftowardsLadyBracknell'ssocialineptitudeversusamorecomplexengagementwiththecharactersinCongrevewhosebehaviorreflectsbroadersocialflaws.PartTwo:EssayQuestion3.答案：ThechorusinSophocles'*OedipusRex*servesmultiplevitalfunctions,significantlyenrichingtheplay'sthematicdepth,enhancingdramatictension,andguidingtheaudience'sunderstandingandemotionalresponse.Primarily,thechorusfunctionsasanarrativedevice,settingthescene,providingbackgroundinformation,andcommentingontheeventsunfolding.ByrecitingOedipus'lineage,thechorusestablishesthenecessarycontextrootedinmythandprophecy,immediatelyframingthecentralconflictbetweenfateandhumanwill.Theirodesanddialogueoftenofferabroaderperspective,contrastingthespecificsituationwithuniversalhumanexperiencesandanxieties,particularlyconcerningthegods,fate,andthelimitsofhumanknowledge.ThiscontextualizationandthematicframinghelptheaudiencegraspthegravityoftheprophecyandtheculturalsignificanceofOedipus'plightwithinthebroadertapestryofThebanhistoryandGreekbelief.Thechorusalsoenhancesthedramaticactionthroughtheiremotionalresponses.Theirinitialhopeandsubsequentgrowingdreadmirrorandamplifytheaudience'sownfeelings,creatingapowerfulsenseofsharedtensionandpathos.TheirlamentsforOedipus'sufferingandtheirexpressionsofpityevokeempathy,whiletheircallsfordivineinterventionorpronouncementsofdoomheightenthesenseofinevitabilityandtragedy.Theyactasanemotionalbarometerfortheaudience,translatingtheabstractconceptsoffateandsufferingintorelatablehumanterms.Furthermore,thechorusplaysacrucialmediatingrolebetweenthehumancharactersandthedivinesphere.Theyconstantlyinvokethegods,acknowledgingtheinfluenceofthedivineonhumanaffairs,andtheirprayersandlamentsreflecttheGreekbeliefi