2025年秋季高二年級(jí)期中考試英語試卷考試時(shí)間：2025年11月18日上午8:0010:00試卷滿分：150分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatwillJoedo?A.Leavehispany. B.MovetoParis. C.Seekanewjob.【答案】B【解析】【原文】...Hey,forgottotellyou...JoeandAnnaaremovingtoParis!M:Really?Isn’tthatabitsudden?Howdidthathappen?W:Hispanyofferedhimajoboutthere.They’regoingforatleastacoupleofyears.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whyisthemanmakingthecall?A.Tohavehisceilingrepaired.B.Tomakeanewworktimetable.C.Toremindthewomanofarainstorm.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,I’mcallingtoaskwhetheryoucansendsomeonetotakealookatourceiling.It’sbeenleakingsincelastnight’srainstorm.W:Hi,Mr.Stevenson.I’mafraidwe’realreadybookedupforthisweek.ButIthinkwecanmakeitnextMonday.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthetraining?A.Disappointing. B.Satisfying. C.Worrying.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howwasthetraining?M:Thetrainingwasagreatchallenge.Ilearnedalot.W:I’mgladyouseeitthatway.Notalotofpeopletakeapositiveattitudetowardstraining.M:Anyway,I’mgladIwent.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inameetingroom. C.Intheman’soffice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Haveyouseenmybluesweater?ItwasonthebackofmychairbeforeIwenttothemeeting,butnowit’sdisappeared.W:Areyousureyouleftitthere?WhenIcameintheofficetoremindyouaboutthemeeting,Ididn’tseeit.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anopenmindedminister. B.Publicopinion. C.Anoutstandingteacher.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Listentothis.TheEducationMinisterisnowsayingthatteachersdeserveapayrise.That’sapletechangeofopinion!W:I’mgladtohearit.He’sbeenlisteningtopublicopinion,obviously.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Visitamuseum.B.Admiresomehistoricbuildings.C.MeetsomeoneintheCityHall.7.Whatdoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Abrochure. B.Acitymap. C.Aschedule.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,mynameisTomSmith.Isawasignthatsaidallvisitorsneedtosigninhere.W:That’scorrect.MayIaskyourreasonforvisitingCityHalltoday?M:Actually,I’dliketotakeatour.I’minterestedinhistoricbuildings.W:Isthatso?We’vehadmorevisitorseversincetheregionalmuseumopened.M:Oh,Iwasjustthere.DoyouhaveanyideawhereIshouldstart?W:Here,takethisbrochure.Ithassomeinformationaboutthebuilding’shistoryandshowsyouwherethepointsofinterestare.Letmeknowifyouhaveanyquestions.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.WhendidthewomanfirstseeMr.Wang?A.OnMonday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnFriday.9.WhatdidMr.Wangimpressthewomanwith?A.Hispersonality. B.Hisapproach. C.Hisenthusiasm.10.WhatwillMr.WangdoonTuesday?A.Chairameeting. B.Proposeastrategy. C.Reporttheprofits.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoumetournewmarketingmanager?IheardhecamefromourChicagobranchandstartedworkherelastMonday.W:Yes,IsawMr.WanginthestaffmeetingonFridayforthefirsttime.Helookedveryenergeticandorganized.Inparticular,Ilikedthewayhedevelopedournewmarketingstrategies.Heencouragedparticipantstosharetheirideasinaninformalandinvitingway.M:Itsoundslikehehasaconstructiveapproach.Ihopehewillbringusmoreenthusiasmandhelpusincreaseourprofitsintheend.W:That’sexactlywhatIwantfromhim.Bytheway,thereisanothermeetingthatheissupposedtochaironTuesday.You’llbethere,won’tyou?聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whendidthemanmakethereservation?A.Oneweekago. B.Twoweeksago. C.Threeweeksago.12.Wheredoesthewomanwork?A.Atadentalclinic. B.Atatravelagency. C.Atarestaurant.13.Whatwillthemantrytodoat3:00?A.Visithisclient. B.Rescheduleameeting. C.Keepanappointment.【答案】11B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.YouhavereachedDr.Henry’soffice.ThisisLaura.HowmayIhelpyou?M:HithisisJoelPhillips.I’dliketoreschedulemyappointmenttodayatthreeo’clocktoanothertimetomorrow.Isthatpossible?W:I’mafraidtheappointmentsarealreadyfullybookedforthisweek.Mr.Phillips,you’vealreadywaitedtwoweekstomakethisreservationandyoureallyshouldhaveyourteethexamined.Isthereanywayyoucanetodayasarranged?M:Iknow,butIamatanurgentmeetingwithmyclientrightnowandImightnotmakeittothethreeo’clockappointment.Well,I’lltrytoconcludeeverythingquicklyinthemeetingsothatIcanarriveatyourclinicontime.Thankyou.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.WhatdidAdrianacreate?A.Abicycle. B.Aputer. C.Agenerator.15.HowdidAdrianagettheideaofherproject?A.FromtheInternet. B.Fromherfather. C.Fromadesigner.16.WhatwastheonlyproblemAdrianafaced?A.Shelackedfund.B.Shewasinneedofsupport.C.Shecouldn’tfindsuitablematerials.【答案】14.C15.A16.A【解析】【原文】M:TodayI’mtalkingwith15yearoldAdrianaBrown.Shebuiltherownbicyclegenerator.Adriana,canyoutellusaboutyourproject?Howdidyougetstarted?W:Well,I’vehelpedmydadwithsomeofhisprojects.But,IdecidedIwantedtodomyownprojectthistime.SoIresearchedideasontheInternet.Idecidedonabicyclegeneratorbecauseit’sreallyuseful.Icanuseittopowermyputer.M:So,howdidyoubuildit?W:First,Ifoundplansforgenerators.Ichoseasimpledesignandmadeafirstdraftoftheproject.Then,mydadmadesomesuggestionsandImadeanotherdraft.Afterthat,Istartedtolookformaterials.TheonlyproblemwasthatIdidn’thavealotofmoney,soitwasdifficult!M:So,whatdidyoudo?W:Well,Iwenttoabicycleshopandacarrepairshop.Itoldthemaboutmyproject.Theygavemesomeextraparts.M:Oh,thatwasnice.was...h,itreallywas...WhenIgotallthematerials,Iwasreadytoputitalltogether.M:Well,Ithinkit’sgreat.Veryimpressive!聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Librarians. B.Freshmen. C.Teachers.18.Whatisscheduledinthefirstweek?A.Sometours. B.Sometraining. C.Sometalks.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthelibraryputers?A.Theyareconnectedtoprinters.B.Thereareonlyalimitednumber.C.TheyhaveaccesstotheInternetallthetime.20.Whocanhelptolookforthingsinthelibrary?A.TheSectionManager.BTheCataloguingAssistant.C.TheTrainingSupervisor.【答案】17.B18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:OK,areyouallsettled?Well,firstofall,weletoCardiffUniversity.I’mheretoexplainwhatwecanofferyou.Now,asanewstudentattheuniversity,youwillprobablyneedsomesortofguidancetohelpyoutousethelibraryeffectivelytostudyandresearch.Someofyouhaveaskedaboutaguidedtourbutwefindthisratherconfusespeople.So,inthisfirstweek,werunaseriesoftalkswhichfocusondifferentaspectsofthelibraryanditsresources.OK,nowletmegiveyouanoutlineofwhat’savailabletoyou.You’llfindthattheputersareincreasinglyusedasaresearchtool.ManystudentsdomostoftheirresearchontheInternetandthelibraryputersarepermanentlyonline.Havingfoundwhatyouneed,you’llfindyoucanreadilysavetextsonyourpersonalputerspacetoprintoffwhenyouneed.Naturallywedostillhavethefullrangeofclassicreferencebooksforyoutouseandthereareseveralcopiesofeachone.Thisisbecausesomeofyoumayprefertoborrowabookratherthansitinthelibrary.Thereisarestrictedloantimeonthesesothattheyarenotmissingfromtheshelvesfortoolong.AlthoughthereisaSectionManagerforeachpartofthelibrary,theyareverybusyandso,ifyoudogetstucklookingforthings,youshouldasktherelevantCataloguingAssistant.AsyourTrainingSupervisor,Ijustoverseeyourworkforaweekandwillnotbearoundafterthisinitialweek.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AChina’sPristineParadises:NationalParksandNatureReservesChinaboastsamazingbiodiversityandbreathtakinglandscapes,withanetworkofprotectedareassafeguardingitsnaturalheritage.Amongthese,foursitesstandoutforecologicalsignificanceandscenery,servingaswildlifereservesandsymbolsofChina’sconservationmitment.●JiuzhaigouNationalPark,inSichuan’sMinshanMountains,isfamousforcrystalclearalpinelakesandvibrantautumnfoliage.Itsskybluedlakes,fedbyglaciersandsprings,reflectsnowcappedpeaks.A1992UNESCOWorldHeritageSite,ithabitatsgiantpandas,supportingover2,000plantand400animalspecies.In2017,amagnitude7.0earthquakedamageditslandscapes,butcarefulrestorationrevivedmostofitsoriginalcharm.●SanjiangyuanNationalNatureReserve,ontheQinghaiTibetPlateau,iscalledthe“WaterTowerofAsia”.AsthesourceoftheYangtze,YellowandLancang(Mekong)rivers,itsupplieswatertonearlyhalfofChina’spopulationandmillionsinSoutheastAsia.Spanning318,000squarekilometers,ithomesTibetanantelopes.Climatechangecausesglacialretreat,leadingtoadaptivemeasureslikegrasslandenclosures.●HainanTropicalRainforestNationalPark,onHainanIsland,isChina’sonlytropicalrainforestprotectedarea.Covering4,400squarekilometers,ithasover5,000plantspecies(15%native)and340birdspecies,includingthecriticallyendangeredHainangibbon(長臂猿)(around37left).Therainforestresiststyphoons,regulatingtheisland’sclimate.Recentyearshaveseenmunityinvolvedconservation,withlocalsshiftingfromloggingtoecotourismforineandlessecosystemimpact.●WuyiMountainNationalPark,acrossFujianandJiangxi,isaUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteforbothnaturalandculturalvalue.Itssteep(崎嶇的)Danxialandforms(redsandstonepeaks)pairwiththickforestshousingChinesegiantsalamanders(火蜥蜴).ItalsohasancientteaplantationsandHanDynastyarchaeologicalsites.Avisitorquotasystemlimitsdailyentriestobalanceconservationandtourism.ThesefourareasshowChina’sholistic(整體的)conservationapproach—biningstrictprotection,sustainabledevelopmentandpubliceducation.AsChinaexpandsitsnationalparksystem,theyremainbeaconsofhumannatureharmony.21.WhichofthefollowingisachallengethatJiuzhaigouNationalParkhasovere?A.Adeclineinthenumberofgiantpandas.BOvercrowdingfromexcessivetourism.C.Severedamagecausedbyanearthquake.D.Pollutionofitscrystalclearalpinelakes.22.WhatmakesSanjiangyuanNationalNatureReservecrucialtomillionsofpeople?A.Itsuniquegrasslandsandwetlands.B.Itsfunctionasthesourceofthreemajorrivers.C.ItsroleasahabitatfortheTibetanantelope.D.Itsstrictmeasuresagainstclimatechange.23.Whatdothelasttwonationalparkshaveinmon?A.Botharehometotheworld’srarestprimates(靈長目動(dòng)物).B.Bothhavecarriedoutvisitorquotasystems.C.BotharelocatedontheQinghaiTibetPlateau.D.Bothbinenaturalvaluewithculturalsignificance.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了中國四大國家公園和自然保護(hù)區(qū)：九寨溝、三江源、海南熱帶雨林、武夷山?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JiuzhaigouNationalPark部分的“In2017,amagnitude7.0earthquakedamageditslandscapes,butcarefulrestorationrevivedmostofitsoriginalcharm.(2017年，一場(chǎng)7.0級(jí)地震破壞了它的景觀，但通過精心修復(fù)，大部分原始風(fēng)貌得以恢復(fù)。)”可知，九寨溝國家公園克服的挑戰(zhàn)是地震造成的嚴(yán)重破壞。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SanjiangyuanNationalNatureReserve部分的“AsthesourceoftheYangtze,YellowandLancang(Mekong)rivers,itsupplieswatertonearlyhalfofChina’spopulationandmillionsinSoutheastAsia.(作為長江、黃河和瀾滄江（湄公河）的源頭，它為近半數(shù)中國人口及東南亞數(shù)百萬人提供水源。)”可知，三江源國家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)的關(guān)鍵意義在于它是三大河流的源頭。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HainanTropicalRainforestNationalPark部分的“Therainforestresiststyphoons,regulatingtheisland’sclimate.Recentyearshaveseenmunityinvolvedconservation,withlocalsshiftingfromloggingtoecotourismforineandlessecosystemimpact.(熱帶雨林抵御臺(tái)風(fēng)，調(diào)節(jié)著島上的氣候。近年來出現(xiàn)了社區(qū)參與的保護(hù)，當(dāng)?shù)厝藦姆ツ巨D(zhuǎn)向生態(tài)旅游，以獲得收入，減少對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響。)”可知，海南熱帶雨林國家公園的雨林調(diào)節(jié)氣候，社區(qū)參與保護(hù)該公園，體現(xiàn)自然與人文結(jié)合；再根據(jù)WuyiMountainNationalPark部分的“aUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteforbothnaturalandculturalvalue(因其自然和文化價(jià)值被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn))”和“ItalsohasancientteaplantationsandHanDynastyarchaeologicalsites.(這里還有古老的茶園和漢代的考古遺址。)”可知，武夷山國家公園以自然與文化雙重價(jià)值入選世界遺址，擁有古茶園和漢代遺址，兩者的共同點(diǎn)是兼具自然價(jià)值與文化意義。故選D項(xiàng)。BBornintoafamilywithadeeppassionfornature,BindiIrwinhasbeeagloballyrecognizedwildlifeconservationist,followingintheremarkablefootstepsofherfather,thelegendary“CrocodileHunter”SteveIrwin.GrowingupatAustraliaZoo,foundedbyherparents,Bindiwasimmersedintheworldofwildlifeprotectionfromherearliestyears.Thisuniqueupbringinginstilledinheraprofoundmitmenttoconservationthathasshapedherlife’swork.Bindi’sconservationeffortsarechanneledthroughtwoprimaryplatformsthatworkinclosepartnership.AsakeyleaderatAustraliaZoo,sheoverseesprehensiveoperationsthatextendfarbeyondtypicalzoomanagement.Theinstitutionservesasacrucialconservationheadquarters,housingnumerousendangeredspeciesandcarryingoutvitalbreedingprogramswhilesimultaneously(同時(shí))functioningasaneducationalcenterthatconnectsmillionsofannualvisitorswiththenaturalworld.Throughthenonprofitorganization,WildlifeWarriorsWorldwide,Bindi’sconservationimpactextendsacrossinternationalborders,fundingdiverseprojectsrangingfromantipoachingpatrols(反偷獵巡邏隊(duì))protectingcriticallyendangeredSumatrantigerstocheetah(獵豹)conservationinitiativesinAfrica.Beyondheradministrativeresponsibilitiesinzoomanagement,Bindimaintainsanactiveroleinhandsonscientificresearchthatdirectlyinformsconservationpractices.SheregularlyparticipatesintheongoingsaltwatercrocodilestudyconductedincooperationwiththeUniversityofQueensland.Furthermore,Bindihasemergedasaninfluentialvoiceinconservationeducation,recentlyauthoringachildren’sbookdesignedtoinspireyoungreaderstodiscovertheirownroleinprotectingtheplanet.Throughthesemultifacetedefforts—biningleadership,scientificresearch,andpubliceducation,BindiIrwinhonorablycontinuesandexpandsuponherfather’slegacy,demonstratingthatdedicatedindividualscanindeedmakeasignificantdifferenceinpreservingournaturalworldforfuturegenerations.24.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraphOne?A.BindiIrwin’sfatherpersuadedhertocarryonwithhisjob.B.BindiIrwin’sfatherhadagreatpassionforkillingcrocodile.C.BindiIrwin’sfatherhashadagreatinfluenceonher.D.BindiIrwin’sparentstriedtomakeheraglobalconservationist.25.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.BindiIrwinhasfoundedAustraliaZooandWildlifeWarriorsWorldwide.B.BindiIrwin’sconservationimpacthasextendedbeyondAustralia.C.BindiIrwinparticipatedinscientificresearchtogetrecognition.D.BindiIrwinhasrecentlywrittenanumberofchildren’sbooks.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBindiIrwin?A.mittedandresponsible. B.Intelligentandcurious.C.Disciplinedandambitious. D.Thoughtfulandgenerous.27.Whatisthepassageintendedtodo?A.TodescribethedailyoperationsofAustraliaZoo.B.TointroduceBindiIrwin’sfamilylifeandpersonalhobbies.C.ToexplainthedifferentspeciesofanimalsatAustraliaZoo.D.TopresentBindiIrwin’sroleandeffortsinwildlifeconservation.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了賓迪·歐文在野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)方面的貢獻(xiàn)與努力。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Bornintoafamilywithadeeppassionfornature,BindiIrwinhasbeeagloballyrecognizedwildlifeconservationist,followingintheremarkablefootstepsofherfather,thelegendary‘CrocodileHunter’SteveIrwin.(賓迪·歐文出生在一個(gè)對(duì)自然充滿熱情的家庭，她追隨傳奇“鱷魚獵人”史蒂夫·歐文的非凡足跡，成為了一位全球知名的野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)主義者)”可推知，賓迪·歐文的父親對(duì)她有很大的影響。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Throughthenonprofitorganization,WildlifeWarriorsWorldwide,Bindi’sconservationimpactextendsacrossinternationalborders,fundingdiverseprojectsrangingfromantipoachingpatrolsprotectingcriticallyendangeredSumatrantigerstocheetahconservationinitiativesinAfrica.(通過非營利組織“全球野生動(dòng)物戰(zhàn)士”，賓迪的保護(hù)影響跨越了國界，資助了各種項(xiàng)目，從保護(hù)極度瀕危的蘇門答臘虎的反偷獵巡邏隊(duì)到非洲的獵豹保護(hù)倡議)”可知，賓迪·歐文的保護(hù)影響已經(jīng)超出了澳大利亞。故選B。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AsakeyleaderatAustraliaZoo,sheoverseesprehensiveoperationsthatextendfarbeyondtypicalzoomanagement.(作為澳大利亞動(dòng)物園的主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，她負(fù)責(zé)的全面工作遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了典型的動(dòng)物園管理范圍)”以及第三段“Beyondheradministrativeresponsibilitiesinzoomanagement,Bindimaintainsanactiveroleinhandsonscientificresearchthatdirectlyinformsconservationpractices.(除了在動(dòng)物園管理方面的行政職責(zé)外，賓迪還在直接指導(dǎo)保護(hù)實(shí)踐的實(shí)踐科學(xué)研究中發(fā)揮著積極作用)”可推斷出，賓迪·歐文是一個(gè)盡心盡力且有責(zé)任感的人。故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Bornintoafamilywithadeeppassionfornature,BindiIrwinhasbeeagloballyrecognizedwildlifeconservationist,followingintheremarkablefootstepsofherfather,thelegendary“CrocodileHunter”SteveIrwin.(賓迪·歐文出生在一個(gè)對(duì)自然充滿熱情的家庭，她追隨傳奇“鱷魚獵人”史蒂夫·歐文的非凡足跡，成為了一位全球知名的野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)主義者)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章目的是為了介紹了賓迪·歐文在野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)方面的角色和努力。故選D。CAsmoderndaystressreacheswhatfeelslikeunbearablelevels,researchersaretryingtolearnmoreabouttheprecisemechanismsthroughwhichitaffectsourbodyandmind.Thehopeisthatbyunlockingmoreabouthowstressworksphysiologically,wecanfindwaystopreventitfrompermanentlyharmingpeople.ThefutureofunderstandingandfightingstressmaylieinourDNA.In2023,UrsulaBeattie,thenadoctoralstudentatTuftsUniversity,andhercolleaguesfoundpossibleevidencethatstresscanoverwhelmDNA’srepairmechanisms.Intheirstudy,researchersrepeatedlytappedonsparrow(麻雀)cageswithpens,playedtheradioloudly,andcarriedoutotheractionsdesignedtocausedistressbutnophysicalharm.BloodandtissuesamplesfromthesparrowsafterthreeweeksofthisunpleasanttreatmentrevealeddamagetotheDNA.“It’slikeifyouhadtwopiecesofstringcoiledup(卷曲),justlikeDNA,andyoutookapairofscissorsandcutthem,”Beattiesays.Whilethesekindsofdoublestrand(雙股)breaksinDNAoccurallthetimeinsparrowsandotherspecies,includinghumans,thedamageistypicallyreversedthroughselfrepairmechanisms.Inachronicstress(長期壓力)setting,“thoserepairmechanismsgetoverwhelmed,whichishowweseeabuildupofDNAdamage,”Beattieexplains.Thedamageinthebirdsappearstobethemostsevereincellsoftheliver,sheadds,suggestingthatforhumans,too,theextentandtypeofdamagecausedbystressmightbedifferentfordifferenttissuesofthebody.We’restilllearninghowdeepstressgoesintoourbodies.Butwe’regettingclosertosolvingthepuzzlethatisstress,whichpromisesafuturewherewecanbettermeettheongoingdemandforchange.28.Whatisthemainpurposeofresearchersstudyingthemechanismsofstress?A.Toexplainwhymodernpeoplesufferfromhighstress.B.Toparethestresslevelsofhumansandsparrows.C.ToprovethatDNAiscloselyrelatedtohumanhealth.D.Tofigureoutmethodstokeepstressfromdoinglastingharm.29.WhatdidUrsulaBeattieandherteamdiscoverintheir2023study?A.Sparrowsaremoresensitivetostressthanotheranimals.B.ChronicstresscandestroytheDNArepairsystem.C.Loudradiosoundscancausephysicalharmtosparrows.D.DNAdamageinsparrowsonlyappearsinlivercells.30.WhydoesBeattiementionthe“twopiecesofstring”inParagraphFour?A.ToshowhowDNAisstructuredinlivingorganisms.B.ToprovethatDNAselfrepairmechanismsareeffective.C.ToexplainwhatDNAdoublestrandbreakslooklike.D.ToparetheDNAofsparrowsandhumans.31.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheHarmofChronicStresstoHumanTissuesB.StudyingStress:FromDNAMechanismstoFutureHopeC.UrsulaBeattie’sGroundbreakingStudyonSparrowsD.HowtoPreventDNADamageCausedbyStress【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員對(duì)壓力機(jī)制的研究，包括壓力對(duì)DNA的影響，以及這些研究對(duì)未來理解和應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的希望。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thehopeisthatbyunlockingmoreabouthowstressworksphysiologically,wecanfindwaystopreventitfrompermanentlyharmingpeople.(人們希望，通過進(jìn)一步揭示壓力在生理上的作用機(jī)制，我們能夠找到防止壓力對(duì)人體造成永久性傷害的方法)”可知，研究人員研究壓力機(jī)制的主要目的是找出防止壓力造成持久傷害的方法。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“In2023,UrsulaBeattie,thenadoctoralstudentatTuftsUniversity,andhercolleaguesfoundpossibleevidencethatstresscanoverwhelmDNA’srepairmechanisms.(2023年，當(dāng)時(shí)是塔夫茨大學(xué)博士生的厄休拉·比蒂和她的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)了可能的證據(jù)，表明壓力會(huì)壓垮DNA的修復(fù)機(jī)制)”以及第四段中“Inachronicstress(長期壓力)setting,“thoserepairmechanismsgetoverwhelmed,whichishowweseeabuildupofDNAdamage,”Beattieexplains.(在長期壓力的環(huán)境下，“這些修復(fù)機(jī)制會(huì)不堪重負(fù)，這就是我們看到DNA損傷積累的原因，”比蒂解釋道)”可知，厄休拉·比蒂和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)在2023年的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)長期壓力會(huì)破壞DNA修復(fù)系統(tǒng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““It’slikeifyouhadtwopiecesofstringcoiledup(卷曲),justlikeDNA,andyoutookapairofscissorsandcutthem,”Beattiesays.Whilethesekindsofdoublestrand(雙股)breaksinDNAoccurallthetimeinsparrowsandotherspecies,includinghumans,thedamageistypicallyreversedthroughselfrepairmechanisms.(“這就像你有兩條卷曲的繩子，就像DNA一樣，然后你拿一把剪刀把它們剪斷，”比蒂說。雖然這種DNA雙鏈斷裂在麻雀和其他物種，包括人類中經(jīng)常發(fā)生，但這種損傷通常會(huì)通過自我修復(fù)機(jī)制逆轉(zhuǎn))”可知，比蒂用兩條卷曲的繩子來比喻DNA，是為了更形象地解釋DNA雙鏈斷裂的樣子。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThefutureofunderstandingandfightingstressmaylieinourDNA.(理解和對(duì)抗壓力的未來可能在于我們的DNA)”和最后一段“We’restilllearninghowdeepstressgoesintoourbodies.Butwe’regettingclosertosolvingthepuzzlethatisstress,whichpromisesafuturewherewecanbettermeettheongoingdemandforchange.(我們?nèi)栽诹私鈮毫?duì)我們身體的影響有多深。但我們離解開壓力之謎越來越近了，這預(yù)示著一個(gè)未來，我們能夠更好地滿足不斷變化的需求)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了研究人員對(duì)壓力機(jī)制的研究，包括壓力對(duì)DNA的影響，以及這些研究對(duì)未來理解和應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的希望。所以“StudyingStress:FromDNAMechanismstoFutureHope(研究壓力：從DNA機(jī)制到未來希望)”能概括文章內(nèi)容，最合適作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。DImaginegettinganMRI(核磁共振成像)ofyourkneesandbeingtoldyouhave“mildintrasubstancedegenerationoftheposteriorhornofthemedialmeniscus(內(nèi)側(cè)半月板).”Mostofuswhodidn’tgotomedicalschoolarenotgoingtobeabletodecipherthattermasanythingmeaningfulorunderstandwhatisactionablefromthatdiagnosis.That’swhyStanfordradiologistsdevelopedalargelanguagemodel(LLM)tohelpaddresspatients’medicalconcernsandquestions.Usingthismodel,apatientgettingakneeMRIcouldgetamoreusefulandsimpleexplanation:Yourknee’smeniscusisatissueinyourkneethatservesasacushion,and,likeapillow,themeniscushasgonealittleflatbutstillcanfunction.ThisLLM,called“RadGPT”canextractconceptsfromaradiologist’sreporttothenprovideanexplanationofthatconceptandsuggestpossiblefollowupquestions.Traditionally,medicalexpertiseisneededtounderstandthetechnicalreportsradiologistswriteaboutpatientscans,saidCurtisLanglotz,Stanfordprofessorofradiology,ofmedicine,andofbiomedicaldatascience.“Wehopethatourtechnologywon’tjusthelptoexplaintheresults,butwillalsohelptoimprovethemunicationbetweendoctorandpatient.”ToolslikeRadGPTcouldgetpatientsmoreengagedintheircare,Langlotzbelieves,becausetheycanbetterunderstandwhattheirtestresultsactuallymean.“Doctorsdon’talwayshavethetimetogothroughandexplainreports,linebyline,”Langlotzsaid.“Ithinkpatientswhoreallydounderstandwhat’sintheirmedicalrecordaregoingtogetbettercareandwillaskbetterquestions.”TodevelopRadGPT,theStanfordteamtook30sampleradiologyreportsandextractedfiveconceptsfromeachreport.Theydevelopedexplanationsforthemandthreequestionandanswerpairsthatpatientsmightmonlyask.Fiveradiologistswhoreviewedtheseexplanationsdeterminedthatthesystemisunlikelytoproducehallucinationsorotherharmfulexplanations.AIisstillalongwayfrombeingabletoaccuratelyinterpretrawscans.Instead,thecurrentRadGPTmodeldependsonahumanradiologistdictatingareport,andonlythenwillthesystemextractconceptsfromwhattheyhavewritten.“Aswithanyotherhealthcaretechnology,safetyisabsolutelyprimary,”saidSannaHerwald,thestudy’sleadauthorandaStanfordresidentingraduatemedicaleducation.“ThereasonthisstudyissoexcitingisbecausetheRadGPTgeneratedmaterialsweregenerallyconsideredsafewithoutfurtherchange.ThismeansthatRadGPTisapromisingtoolthatmay,afterfurthertestingandvalidation(確認(rèn)有效),directlyeducatepatientsabouttheirurgentorincidentalimagingfindingsinrealtimeatthepatient’sconvenience.”32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decipher”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.Interpret. B.Appeal. C.Encounter. D.Guarantee.33.WhatcanweinferfromCurtisLanglotz’swordsaboutdoctorpatientmunication?A.Doctorsusuallyexplainradiologyreportsingreatdetailtopatients.B.Patients’lackofunderstandingofreportsmayaffecttheirmedicalcare.C.The21stCenturyCuresActhassolvedtheproblemofpoormunication.D.Doctorspreferpatientsnottoaskquestionsabouttheirradiologyreports.34.WhatisSannaHerwald’sattitudetowardsRadGPT?A.Doubtful. B.Negative. C.Favourable. D.Critical.35.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AnewAItoolhasbeendevelopedtoscanpatients.B.RadGPThelpspatientsunderstandtheirradiologyreport.C.RadGPTwillreplaceradiologiststooffermedicaladvice.D.AnewAItoolhelpsacceleratetheproductionofradiologyreports.【答案】32.A33.B34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了斯坦福大學(xué)研發(fā)的RadGPT模型，可將放射科醫(yī)生的專業(yè)報(bào)告轉(zhuǎn)化為通俗解釋，提供后續(xù)問題建議，助力醫(yī)患溝通與患者參與診療，經(jīng)評(píng)估安全，未來或?qū)崟r(shí)服務(wù)患者?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Mostofuswhodidn’tgotomedicalschool(我們當(dāng)中大多數(shù)沒有接受過醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)培訓(xùn)的人)”以及后文“thattermasanythingmeaningfulorunderstandwhatisactionablefromthatdiagnosis(這個(gè)術(shù)語的含義的，也無法從診斷結(jié)果中得出任何有意義的結(jié)論或了解如何采取相應(yīng)的行動(dòng))”可知，大多數(shù)人因?yàn)闆]有接受過醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)培訓(xùn)，所以無法理解專業(yè)術(shù)語。故劃線詞意思是“理解”。故選A。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Ithinkpatientswhoreallydounderstandwhat’sintheirmedicalrecordaregoingtogetbettercareandwillaskbetterquestions.(我認(rèn)為那些真正理解自己病歷內(nèi)容的患者將會(huì)得到更好的治療，并且會(huì)提出更恰當(dāng)?shù)膯栴})”可知，從柯蒂斯·朗洛茨關(guān)于醫(yī)患溝通的言論中，患者對(duì)報(bào)告內(nèi)容的不理解可能會(huì)對(duì)他們的醫(yī)療護(hù)理產(chǎn)生影響。可知選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““ThereasonthisstudyissoexcitingisbecausetheRadGPTgeneratedmaterialsweregenerallyconsideredsafewithoutfurtherchange.ThismeansthatRadGPTisapromisingtoolthatmay,afterfurthertestingandvalidation(確認(rèn)有效),directlyeducatepatientsabouttheirurgentorincidentalimagingfindingsinrealtimeatthepatient’sconvenience.”(這項(xiàng)研究之所以如此令人興奮，是因?yàn)橛蒖adGPT生成的材料通常被認(rèn)為無需進(jìn)