高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣西壯族自治區(qū)來(lái)賓市2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVirginia’sautumnfoliage(枝葉)appearsinfullforcethismonth.Hereareplacestocatchitall.TidewaterTidewaterareasfeatureforestswithuniquetreessuchasthebaldcypress.Sweetgumtrees,aneasternVirginiaspecies,haveeverysinglecolorononetree.Oneinterestingthingaboutswampy(沼澤的),low-lyingareasintheeasternpartofthestate:theychangeearlierthantraditionalforestsdointhesurroundinglandscape,likelybecausecoldernightsclosertowatersourcesforceanearlierchangeinthosespecies.SouthwestVirginiaThankstoacombinationoftreespecies,highelevation(海拔)andgeographiclocation,thisregionisoneoftheearliesttoshowitsstrikingcolors.Everyyearisalittledifferent,dependingonwhathashappenedoverthesummerintermsofrainfallandheat.ButgenerallyinSouthwestVirginia,thepeak(巔峰狀態(tài)的)timeofcolorisgoingtostartinthewestandprogresstotheeast.NorthernVirginiaParkssuchasSkyMeadowsStateParkinFauquierCountyandPrinceWilliamForestParkboastanimpressivevarietyoftreetypesthatproduceapictureofcolors.Beechandhickoriesareprettymuchmidseasonstandouts,turningyellowgoldalloverthetree.Thiscontrastswellwithalltheoaks,whichareusuallylateseason;allofthemoftenaregreenwhileeverythingelseisblazing.CentralandSouthsideVirginiaCentralandSouthsideVirginiaaredominatedbydiverseforestsofconiferous(松柏科的)treesthatdonotchangecolor,suchaspinetreesandleaf-droppingtreessuchasoaksandhickories.PocahontasStatePark,southofRichmond,providesnearly8,000acresofall-inclusiveforestthattowersovervisitors,whileHighBridgeTrailStateParkgivesatop-downfoliageview.1.Whatisspecialaboutsweetgumtreesinautumn?A.Theychangecolorsinlateseason.B.Theymaintainoriginalgreencolor.C.Theytakeonagoldenyellowcolor.D.Theydisplaymanycolorsononetree.2.WhyistheautumnfoliagedifferenteachyearinSouthwestVirginia?A.Thehighelevationcausescoldnights.B.Thesummerweatherconditionsvary.C.Thetreespecieschangeseachyear.D.Thewatersourcesaffectthecolor.3.Whichplaceoffersabird’s-eyeviewoftheautumnfoliage?A.SkyMeadowsStatePark. B.PocahontasStatePark.C.PrinceWilliamForestPark. D.HighBridgeTrailStatePark.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹弗吉尼亞州本月秋季枝葉繁茂的景象，并推薦該州不同地區(qū)觀賞秋葉的好去處及各地區(qū)特色?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tidewater部分中的“Sweetgumtrees,aneasternVirginiaspecies,haveeverysinglecolorononetree.(楓香樹是弗吉尼亞州東部的一個(gè)樹種，一棵樹就能呈現(xiàn)出所有顏色。)”可知，楓香樹在秋天的特別之處在于單棵樹上能展現(xiàn)多種顏色。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SouthwestVirginia部分中的“Everyyearisalittledifferent,dependingonwhathashappenedoverthesummerintermsofrainfallandheat.(每年的情況都略有不同，這取決于夏季的降雨量和熱量情況。)”可知，弗吉尼亞州西南部每年秋葉景象不同，是因?yàn)橄募镜奶鞖鈼l件存在差異。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CentralandSouthsideVirginia部分中的“PocahontasStatePark,southofRichmond,providesnearly8,000acresofall-inclusiveforestthattowersovervisitors,whileHighBridgeTrailStateParkgivesatop-downfoliageview.(里士滿以南的波卡洪塔斯州立公園擁有近8000英畝包羅萬(wàn)象的森林，這些樹木高聳于游客之上；而高橋步道州立公園則能提供自上而下的枝葉景觀。)”可知，“top-downview”即“鳥瞰視角”，高橋步道州立公園能讓人鳥瞰秋葉。故選D項(xiàng)。BItwasthesummerbeforejunioryear.Iwasawaitressatalittlerestaurant.Mydutieswerestraightforward:Takeorders,deliverfoodandcleantables.Igotreallygoodatmanagingmultipletasks,andhavingalotofresponsibilitiesmadememoreresponsible.Thesevaluesandskillsarewhatnumerousstudiesholdupastheimportantreasonswhyteenagersshouldworkduringthesummer.They’rewhatteachersmentionwhentheyencourageustogetjobs.Idevelopedthoseskills.ButIdon’tthinkthat’sthemainbenefithighschoolstudentsgetfromworking.Somuchhappenedintheinterstitial(空隙的)timeandspacesbetweenourrolesofwaitress,cook,andcustomer.ThisiswhereIthinkthevalueofahighschooljoblies:learninghowtoformcommunitywithpeopleIneverwouldhaveotherwiseknown.Highschoolstudentsspendaboutsevenhoursadayinclasses,thenoftenstayafterwardforschool-sponsoredsportsoractivities.It’snotnecessarilyabadthingtobewrappedupinschool.ButwhatIfindisthatajobcanserveasarelieffromtheacademictasksofhighschool.Ithinkhighschoolstudentsgenerallyattachmoreimportancetohighschooleducationtobeadmittedintocolleges,thusbecomingmoretenseandwillingtoconsumemoretimetostudy.Ialsothinkthatthelackofboredomcomesintoplay.WithphonesandtheInternet,teensneverhavetobeboredagain.Whygetasometimes-boringjobtoeaseboredom?ButthepeopleImetattherestauranttaughtmethatyoucanbecomefriendswiththosedecadesolderthanyouandstrangerswhohavenoneofthesameinterestsorhobbiesasyoudo.Theytaughtmethatyoucanwildlydisagreewithsomeoneandstillrespectthem,stilllearnfromthem,andstilllovethem.4.Whatdoestheauthorvaluemostabouthighschoolstudentsworking?A.Connectingwithvariouspeople.B.Fulfillingteachers’expectations.C.Developingmultitaskingabilities.D.Buildingasenseofresponsibility.5.Howdidtheauthorfindherjobcomparedtoschoollife?A.Itwasequallystressful.B.Itfeltlikeawelcomebreak.C.Ithelpedimprovehergrades.D.Itwasphysicallychallenging.6.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Theacademicperformanceofhighschoolstudents.B.Thewayshighschoolstudentssocializeatschool.C.Thecommonhobbiesamonghighschoolstudents.D.Thereasonsforhighschoolstudentsnotworking.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toadviseonhowtorelieveboredom.B.Tostressthedevelopmentofjobskills.C.Tohighlightthebenefitsofstudentjobs.D.Todiscussthepressureofacademictasks.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述作者通過(guò)高中暑期餐廳打工經(jīng)歷，分享高中生工作的核心價(jià)值，而非僅強(qiáng)調(diào)技能提升?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ThisiswhereIthinkthevalueofahighschooljoblies:learninghowtoformcommunitywithpeopleIneverwouldhaveotherwiseknown.(我認(rèn)為高中工作的價(jià)值就在于此：學(xué)會(huì)如何與那些我原本不可能認(rèn)識(shí)的人建立聯(lián)系。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為高中生工作最有價(jià)值的地方是能與各種各樣的人建立聯(lián)系。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“ButwhatIfindisthatajobcanserveasarelieffromtheacademictasksofhighschool.(但我發(fā)現(xiàn)，工作可以緩解高中的學(xué)業(yè)壓力。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為這份工作相較于學(xué)校生活，是一個(gè)受歡迎的休息機(jī)會(huì)。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Ithinkhighschoolstudentsgenerallyattachmoreimportancetohighschooleducationtobeadmittedintocolleges,thusbecomingmoretenseandwillingtoconsumemoretimetostudy.Ialsothinkthatthelackofboredomcomesintoplay.WithphonesandtheInternet,teensneverhavetobeboredagain.Whygetasometimes-boringjobtoeaseboredom?(我認(rèn)為高中生為了考上大學(xué)，通常會(huì)更重視高中教育，因此變得更加緊張，也愿意花更多時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。我還認(rèn)為，不再感到無(wú)聊也是一個(gè)原因。有了手機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，青少年再也不用忍受無(wú)聊了。那何必找一份有時(shí)很無(wú)聊的工作來(lái)打發(fā)無(wú)聊呢？)”可知，該段主要講述了高中生不工作的兩個(gè)原因：重視學(xué)業(yè)和有手機(jī)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)消遣無(wú)需應(yīng)對(duì)無(wú)聊。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段中的“Thesevaluesandskillsarewhatnumerousstudiesholdupastheimportantreasonswhyteenagersshouldworkduringthesummer.They’rewhatteachersmentionwhentheyencourageustogetjobs.Idevelopedthoseskills.ButIdon’tthinkthat’sthemainbenefithighschoolstudentsgetfromworking.(這些價(jià)值觀與技能，正是眾多研究認(rèn)為青少年應(yīng)在暑期工作的重要原因。它們也是老師鼓勵(lì)我們找工作時(shí)會(huì)提到的點(diǎn)。我確實(shí)培養(yǎng)了這些技能，但我認(rèn)為這并非高中生從工作中獲得的主要益處。)”和第三段“Somuchhappenedintheinterstitial(空隙的)timeandspacesbetweenourrolesofwaitress,cook,andcustomer.ThisiswhereIthinkthevalueofahighschooljoblies:learninghowtoformcommunitywithpeopleIneverwouldhaveotherwiseknown.(在服務(wù)員、廚師和顧客這些角色之間的空隙時(shí)間與空間里，發(fā)生了很多事。我認(rèn)為高中階段工作的價(jià)值就在于此：學(xué)會(huì)如何與那些原本根本不可能認(rèn)識(shí)的人建立聯(lián)系。)”可知，文章主要目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生工作的益處，不僅是技能提升，更有人際交往等方面的收獲。故選C項(xiàng)。CMillionsofpeopleinSouthAsiacelebrateHoli.ThefestivalisobservedasanationalholidayinIndia.Thenoisyfestivalseespeopletakepartindiversecelebrationsoftheendofwinterandthevictoryofgoodoverevil.HolihasitsoriginsinIndianmythologyandlegendandsymbolizesatimeofrebirth.Itisnowapowerfuloccasionforharmony,wheremisunderstandingsandconflictsaremomentarilyforgiven.ThetruespiritofHolithrivesonplayfulmischief(淘氣)andcollectivejoy.Thestreetsbecomeastageforaplayfulbattle,wheretheonlyruleistojointhechaseandfun.Ifyou’recaughtupintheHolifestivitiesinIndia,youcaneitherstayindoorsorbepreparedforyourclothestoberuined.Acrossthecountry,people,mostlydressedinallwhiteclothes,celebratethefestivalbythrowingpigmentpowder(顏料粉末)ateachother.Children,restingonrooftopsandbalconies,throwwaterballoonsfilledwithcoloredpigmentsatpassers-by.ItisthistraditionthatearnsHolithenameof“theFestivalofColors”.Otherthanafestivalofcolors,othercelebrationsvarysignificantlyfromplacetoplaceinIndia.InMathura,UttarPradesh,womenplayfullychasemenwithstickswhilethemenarenotallowedtofightback,thusgivingthefestivalitsname—LathmarHoli,orStickHoli.InRajasthan,peopletwistwetclothesintoropesandusethemtostrikeothers.InVaranasi,peoplecometothestreetsincrowds,cursing(咒罵)theevilloudlyandfreely.Inruralareas,Holiisevenmorelively,withcelebrationssometimeslastingforoveramonth.InstateslikeBihar,peoplesingsongspraisingspring,throwingmudateachother.InmanypartsofIndia,peoplealsolightlargebonfiresthenightbeforethefestivaltoshowthedestructionofevilandvictoryofgood.Familiesgatheraroundtheflamestosing,danceandmakeaheartfeltwishforthecomingyear.8.WhatdoweknowaboutHoli?A.Itisconsideredasatimetostrengthenrelationships.B.ItscelebrationisexactlythesamethroughoutIndia.C.Touristsareadvisedtokeepawayfromthefestivities.D.ItoriginallycamefromahistoricaleventinRajasthan.9.HowdopeopleacrossIndiamainlycelebrateHoli?A.Bylightinguplargebonfiresatnight. B.Bysingingtraditionalsongs.C.Bythrowingcoloredpowderatothers. D.Bywearingcolorfulclothes.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodoinparagraph3?A.DescribechangesinHoliactivities.B.Explaintheinfluenceofthefestival.C.CompareHolitraditionsofdifferenttimes.D.ListregionaldifferencesofHolitraditions.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHistoryofHoli:FromMythtoNationalHolidayB.Colors,MudandSticks:TheManyFacesofHoliC.BeyondColors:AUniqueCelebrationinRuralHoliD.AColorfulWarning:HowtosurvivetheHoliFestival【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了印度胡里節(jié)的起源、意義、慶祝方式以及各地不同的慶祝傳統(tǒng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itisnowapowerfuloccasionforharmony,wheremisunderstandingsandconflictsaremomentarilyforgiven.(現(xiàn)在，這是一個(gè)促進(jìn)和諧的強(qiáng)大場(chǎng)合，誤解和沖突暫時(shí)得到原諒。)”可知，Holi被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)加強(qiáng)關(guān)系、促進(jìn)和諧的時(shí)刻。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Acrossthecountry,people,mostlydressedinallwhiteclothes,celebratethefestivalbythrowingpigmentpowder(顏料粉末)ateachother.(在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)，人們，大多穿著全白的衣服，通過(guò)互相投擲顏料粉末來(lái)慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日。)”可知，印度各地的人們主要通過(guò)互相投擲彩色粉末來(lái)慶祝Holi。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀第三段，尤其是根據(jù)第三段中“Otherthanafestivalofcolors,othercelebrationsvarysignificantlyfromplacetoplaceinIndia.(除了“色彩節(jié)”的身份，印度各地的慶祝方式還存在巨大差異。)”可知，作者在第三段中想要列舉Holi在不同地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)差異。故選D?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“MillionsofpeopleinSouthAsiacelebrateHoli.ThefestivalisobservedasanationalholidayinIndia.Thenoisyfestivalseespeopletakepartindiversecelebrationsoftheendofwinterandthevictoryofgoodoverevil.HolihasitsoriginsinIndianmythologyandlegendandsymbolizesatimeofrebirth.Itisnowapowerfuloccasionforharmony,wheremisunderstandingsandconflictsaremomentarilyforgiven.ThetruespiritofHolithrivesonplayfulmischief(淘氣)andcollectivejoy.Thestreetsbecomeastageforaplayfulbattle,wheretheonlyruleistojointhechaseandfun.(南亞數(shù)百萬(wàn)人都會(huì)慶祝Holi。這個(gè)節(jié)日在印度被定為全國(guó)性假日。在這個(gè)熱鬧的節(jié)日里，人們會(huì)以多種方式慶祝冬季的結(jié)束和正義戰(zhàn)勝邪惡。)”可知，文章主要介紹了Holi的起源、意義、慶祝方式以及各地不同的慶祝傳統(tǒng)，包括色彩、泥土和棍棒等元素。選項(xiàng)B“Colors,MudandSticks:TheManyFacesofHoli(色彩、泥土和棍棒：Holi的多種面貌)”最全面地概括了文章的主題，適合用作標(biāo)題。故選B。DWhenaplantispressedbysomething,itdoesn’tkeepquiet.Youwon’theartheplant’scrybecauseit’sintheultrasonic(超聲波的)range—toohigh-pitchedforhumanears—but,fordecades,scientistshavebeenusingspecialdevicestolisten.Forthefirsttime,ateamofresearchershasdocumentedthatinsectscanhearandinterpretplants’soundpainsignals.Thescientistswantedtoknowiftheseultrasonicsoundswerebeingpickedupbyinsects,sotheyobservedtheEgyptianleafwormmoth(蛾),whichlaysitseggsonplantleaves.Whenthescientistspresentedfemalemothswithachoicebetweenadried-outtomatoplantandafreshone,themothsgatheredtothefreshplant.Theteamwantedtounderstandwhetherthesoundsfromthedried-outplantwereafactorinthemoths’selection.Theresearcherssetanareaconsistingoftwoboxes.Inonebox,theyplayedrecordingsofplants’painsounds,whiletheotherboxwassilent.Intheexperiment,mothsturnedtothenoisybox,andscientiststheorizethatit’sbecausethesoundssuggestedthattheywouldfindalivingplantthere.Thispreferencevanishedwhenthescientistsdeafenedthemoths,leadingtotheconclusionthatmothswerelisteningtotheplantsbeforetheymadetheirchoices.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersagainofferedthefemalemothsaselectionoftwotomatoplants.Thistime,bothplantswerewatered,butonewasnearaspeakerplayingultrasonicstresssounds.Theresultwasthatalmostallthemothspickedthequieterplant.Together,theseexperimentstoldtheresearchersthatthemothswerelisteningtoandrecognizingsoundsmadebyplants,andthattheywereusingthatacoustic(聽覺(jué)的)informationtomakedecisionsaboutthoseplantsfortheirreproduction.Plantacousticsisanareaofgrowinginterestforscientists,andprimaryworksuggeststhatsound-makingiswidespread.Futureresearchcouldinvestigatetheuseofacousticmonitoringtounderstandhowstressaffectsplanthealthandcouldhelpwithagriculturalpest(害蟲)control.12.Whatcaninsectsdoaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Talkwithstressedplants. B.Helpplantsreducestress.C.Understandplants’sounds. D.produceultrasonicsignals.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vanished”inparagraph3mean?A.Strengthened. B.Disappeared. C.Continued. D.Unfolded.14.Whathappenedintheexperimentwithtwowateredplants?A.Mothsavoidedtheplantnearsounds. B.Mothsmadesoundsnearthespeaker.C.Mothscausedtheplantstomakesounds. D.Mothsnolongerchoseplantsthroughsounds.15.Whatmightfutureresearchfocuson?A.Howinsectsmakesoundsignals. B.Whyplantsproducestresssounds.C.Plantsounds’potentialapplicationinfarming. D.Approachesofstoppingplantstomakesounds.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究首次證實(shí)昆蟲（如蛾類）能聽見并解讀植物受壓時(shí)的超聲波信號(hào)，還會(huì)據(jù)此選擇產(chǎn)卵植物，未來(lái)研究或應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)病蟲害防治等領(lǐng)域?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Forthefirsttime,ateamofresearchershasdocumentedthatinsectscanhearandinterpretplants’soundpainsignals.(首次有研究團(tuán)隊(duì)證實(shí)，昆蟲能夠聽到并解讀植物發(fā)出的“疼痛”信號(hào))”可知，昆蟲能夠了解植物發(fā)出的聲音。故選C?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Theresearcherssetanareaconsistingoftwoboxes.Inonebox,theyplayedrecordingsofplants’painsounds,whiletheotherboxwassilent.Intheexperiment,mothsturnedtothenoisybox,andscientiststheorizethatit’sbecausethesoundssuggestedthattheywouldfindalivingplantthere.(研究人員設(shè)置了一個(gè)由兩個(gè)盒子組成的區(qū)域。在一個(gè)盒子里，他們播放了植物疼痛時(shí)發(fā)出的聲音錄音，而另一個(gè)盒子里則是靜音狀態(tài)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，飛蛾都趨向于選擇有聲音的那一個(gè)盒子，科學(xué)家們推測(cè)這是因?yàn)檫@些聲音暗示著它們會(huì)在那里找到活著的植物)”以及后文“whenthescientistsdeafenedthemoths,leadingtotheconclusionthatmothswerelisteningtotheplantsbeforetheymadetheirchoices(當(dāng)科學(xué)家們將飛蛾弄聾后，得出的結(jié)論是：飛蛾在做出選擇之前是會(huì)傾聽植物發(fā)出的聲音的)”可知，前文說(shuō)飛蛾會(huì)傾向有植物痛苦聲音的盒子，后文說(shuō)“當(dāng)飛蛾被弄聾后，這種偏好就消失了”，由此可推斷“vanished”意為“消失”。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersagainofferedthefemalemothsaselectionoftwotomatoplants.Thistime,bothplantswerewatered,butonewasnearaspeakerplayingultrasonicstresssounds.Theresultwasthatalmostallthemothspickedthequieterplant.(在另一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員再次為雌性飛蛾提供了兩種番茄植株供其選擇。這一次，兩株植株都得到了澆水處理，但其中一株靠近一個(gè)播放超聲波壓力聲的揚(yáng)聲器。結(jié)果是，幾乎所有的蛾子都選擇了較安靜的那株植株)”可知，在關(guān)于兩株澆水過(guò)的植物的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，飛蛾會(huì)避開發(fā)出聲音的那株植物。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Futureresearchcouldinvestigatetheuseofacousticmonitoringtounderstandhowstressaffectsplanthealthandcouldhelpwithagriculturalpest(害蟲)control.(未來(lái)的研究可以探索利用聲學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)來(lái)了解壓力如何影響植物的健康狀況，并且這或許有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)害蟲的防治工作)”可知，未來(lái)的研究可能會(huì)關(guān)注植物聲音在農(nóng)業(yè)中的潛在應(yīng)用。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Perfectionismisoftencharacterizedbythepersistentpursuitofexcellenceandthesettingofexceptionallyhighstandards.Itisapositivequality,especiallyformanyprofessions,sayapilotorabrainsurgeon.____16____.Manymedicalandmentalhealthchallengesarerootedinperfectionism.Herearetipstoeaseuponyourself.Seeyourselfbeyondyourachievements____17____.However,it’snaturaltofeelbadordisappointedwhenfallingshortofyourgoals.Ourvalueisnotdefinedonlybyourexcellentperformance.Weareourrelationships,ourinterestsandourenjoymentoflife.Makeself-compassion(自我同情)easierSelf-compassionisoftendescribedastalkingtoyourselflikeagoodfriend.Self-compassioncanbeonewordoraphrase:“Easy”,“Gentle”,“You’reOK”.Self-compassioncanbeactions:threedeepbreaths,askingforhelportakingabreak.Itcanalsobepermissionnottodoallthethingsyouexpectofyourself.____18____.Tonedown(使······柔和)yourinnercriticThoseofuswhoaimhightakeourcommitmentsandourresponsibilitiesseriously.Thesameattitudecanextendtoourownthoughts.Whenwethink“I’mnotgoodenough”,or“I’mfallingshort”,wetreatthemasfact.Butactually,they’rejustthoughts.____19____.Butthatdoesn’tmeanwehavetotakeeverythoughtseriouslyandliterally.____20____Self-improvementfeelsgood,butresisttheurgetoturnyourleisuretimeintoanotherproject.Youdon’thavetobuildaskill,learnsomethingnew,ordosomethinggoodforyouallthetime.Improvementandpersonaldevelopmentareimportant,butsoarepleasureandenjoyment.A.DaretobeunproductiveB.AllowyourselftoreflectC.Somepeoplenaturallytendtobeself-criticalD.Youdon’thavetoloweryourstandardsorbelessdrivenE.Itcantipoverintounhealthybehaviorifleftunchecked,thoughF.ThiscouldmeanskippingthegymforsleepwhenyouarewornoutG.We’reproudofgoodgrades,anexcellentjobrevieworhittingourworkoutgoals【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.C20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文指出完美主義雖有積極面，但失控會(huì)引發(fā)健康問(wèn)題，還給出四個(gè)緩解建議：正視自身價(jià)值、學(xué)會(huì)自我同情、緩和自我批評(píng)、敢于適度“無(wú)所事事”?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Perfectionismisoftencharacterizedbythepersistentpursuitofexcellenceandthesettingofexceptionallyhighstandards.Itisapositivequality,especiallyformanyprofessions,sayapilotorabrainsurgeon.(完美主義通常表現(xiàn)為對(duì)卓越的不懈追求以及設(shè)定極高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這是一種積極的品質(zhì)，尤其對(duì)于許多職業(yè)而言，比如飛行員或腦外科醫(yī)生等)”以及后文“Manymedicalandmentalhealthchallengesarerootedinperfectionism.Herearetipstoeaseuponyourself.(許多身體和心理方面的健康問(wèn)題都源于過(guò)度追求完美。以下是一些幫助你放松自己的建議)”可知，前文說(shuō)完美主義是積極品質(zhì)，空后轉(zhuǎn)折提到它會(huì)引發(fā)健康問(wèn)題，E項(xiàng)“但如果不加約束，它可能會(huì)陷入不健康的行為”承上啟下，銜接自然。故選E。【17題詳析】根據(jù)后文“However,it’snaturaltofeelbadordisappointedwhenfallingshortofyourgoals.Ourvalueisnotdefinedonlybyourexcellentperformance.Weareourrelationships,ourinterestsandourenjoymentoflife.(然而，當(dāng)未能達(dá)成目標(biāo)時(shí)，感到沮喪或失望是很正常的。我們的價(jià)值并不僅僅由出色的表現(xiàn)來(lái)定義。我們的價(jià)值在于我們的關(guān)系、我們的興趣以及我們對(duì)生活的享受)”可知，空后講“未達(dá)目標(biāo)時(shí)難過(guò)很正常”，G項(xiàng)“我們?yōu)楹贸煽?jī)、優(yōu)秀工作評(píng)價(jià)或達(dá)成健身目標(biāo)而自豪”呼應(yīng)“成就”，與后文形成轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯。故選G。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Self-compassionisoftendescribedastalkingtoyourselflikeagoodfriend.Self-compassioncanbeonewordoraphrase:“Easy”,“Gentle”,“You’reOK”.Self-compassioncanbeactions:threedeepbreaths,askingforhelportakingabreak.Itcanalsobepermissionnottodoallthethingsyouexpectofyourself.(自我同情通常被描述為像對(duì)待好朋友那樣與自己交流。自我同情可以是一個(gè)詞或一個(gè)短語(yǔ)：比如“簡(jiǎn)單”“溫和”“你沒(méi)問(wèn)題”。自我同情也可以是行動(dòng)：做三次深呼吸、尋求幫助或者休息一下。它還可以是允許自己不必去做那些你期望自己完成的事情)”可知，前文舉例自我同情的具體做法，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“這可能意味著疲憊時(shí)放棄健身去睡覺(jué)”是對(duì)“允許自己不做所有期待之事”的具體舉例，銜接緊密。故選F?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Butthatdoesn’tmeanwehavetotakeeverythoughtseriouslyandliterally.(但這并不意味著我們必須對(duì)每一個(gè)想法都認(rèn)真地、字面地去對(duì)待)”可知，空后圍繞“內(nèi)心批評(píng)者”展開，C項(xiàng)“有些人天生傾向于自我批評(píng)”引出話題，且與后文“認(rèn)為‘自己不夠好’是想法而非事實(shí)”呼應(yīng)。故選C。【20題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Self-improvementfeelsgood,butresisttheurgetoturnyourleisuretimeintoanotherproject.Youdon’thavetobuildaskill,learnsomethingnew,ordosomethinggoodforyouallthetime.Improvementandpersonaldevelopmentareimportant,butsoarepleasureandenjoyment.(自我提升的感覺(jué)很棒，但要克制住將休閑時(shí)間也用于其他事務(wù)的沖動(dòng)。你不必一直去培養(yǎng)一項(xiàng)技能、學(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)或者做對(duì)自己有益的事情。提升自我和進(jìn)行個(gè)人發(fā)展固然重要，但快樂(lè)和享受也同樣重要)”可知，空后強(qiáng)調(diào)“不必把閑暇時(shí)間變成任務(wù)，享受快樂(lè)也很重要”，A項(xiàng)“敢于‘無(wú)所事事’”概括該段核心，作為段落主旨句最合適。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneday,JuliCobbwasdrivinghomefromwork.However,hercar____21____gasandstoppedinthemiddleoftheroadnearacrowdedhomelessencampmentundera(n)____22____.Cobbsaid,“Iwassittingthereso____23____andanxious.”Thenamanfromunderthebridge____24____Cobbandofferedassistance.Cobb____25____whathadhappened.Asthesteering(轉(zhuǎn)向裝置)was____26____andthecarwouldn’tmoving,themantriedtopushitsingle-handedly.Thentwoothermenranovertohelp.Oneman,carefulnotto____27____Cobb,askedwhetherhecouldreachthroughthewindowtocheckthesteeringcolumn.WithCobb’s____28____,hemanagedtounlockit.Allthewhile,vehiclesswerved(急轉(zhuǎn)彎)aroundtoavoidhittingthem.Atonepoint,thegroupeven____29____alongtractortrailer(掛車)tochangelanes.____30____,thethreemenwereabletomovehercartosafety.Thefirstmanthen____31____togetgaswithhisfuelcanandCobbgavehimsomemoney.Whilehewasgone,oneofthemenstayedbyherside,____32____herthatitwasadangerousplace.Thereweresomepeoplethatwould____33____suchasituation.Cobbneverhadtostepoutofhercar.Beforelong,thefirstmanreturnedwithgasandshewas____34____ofgettingthecarstarted.The____35____ofthethreemenhaslongstayedwithCobb.21.A.ranoutof B.madeuseof C.figuredout D.tookover22.A.agreement B.umbrella C.bridge D.tree23.A.determined B.annoyed C.passionate D.powerless24.A.approached B.rescued C.contacted D.recognized25.A.identified B.described C.witnessed D.expected26.A.designed B.held C.stolen D.locked27.A.mention B.alarm C.ignore D.judge28.A.focus B.test C.permission D.personality29.A.directed B.allowed C.forced D.commanded30.A.Indeed B.Generally C.Eventually D.Moreover31.A.pretended B.forgot C.begged D.volunteered32.A.remarking B.warning C.promising D.appreciating33.A.dealwith B.callfor C.takeadvantageof D.takechargeof34.A.capable B.frightened C.aware D.ashamed35.A.relief B.ambition C.reminder D.generosity【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.D27.B28.C29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了Cobb開車時(shí)車耗盡汽油且方向盤鎖住，被困橋下流浪者營(yíng)地旁，三名男子主動(dòng)幫忙推車、解鎖、買汽油，他們的慷慨助人讓Cobb銘記于心?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：然而，她的車沒(méi)油了，停在了一座橋下一個(gè)擁擠的流浪者營(yíng)地附近的路中間。A.ranoutof用完；B.madeuseof利用；C.figuredout弄清楚；D.tookover接管。根據(jù)后文“togetgaswithhisfuelcan”可知，她的車突然沒(méi)油了，故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她的車沒(méi)油了，停在了一座橋下一個(gè)擁擠的流浪者營(yíng)地附近的路中間。A.agreement協(xié)議；B.umbrella雨傘；C.bridge橋梁；D.tree樹。根據(jù)后文“Thenamanfromunderthebridge”可知，車停在一座橋下。故選C。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：科布說(shuō)：“我當(dāng)時(shí)坐在那里，感到無(wú)比無(wú)助和焦慮?！盇.determined堅(jiān)定的；B.annoyed生氣的；C.passionate熱情的；D.powerless無(wú)力的。根據(jù)后文“andanxious”可知，因?yàn)檐囎影l(fā)動(dòng)不了，感到無(wú)比無(wú)助和焦慮。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨后，橋下有個(gè)男子走上前來(lái)，向科布伸出了援手。A.approached靠近；B.rescued救援；C.contacted聯(lián)系；D.recognized認(rèn)出。根據(jù)后文“Cobbandofferedassistance”可知，男子靠近，向科布伸出了援手。故選A。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：科布講述了所發(fā)生的事情。A.identified識(shí)別；B.described講述，描述；C.witnessed目擊；D.expected期待。根據(jù)后文“whathadhappened”可知，科布講述了所發(fā)生的事情。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于方向盤被鎖住了，汽車無(wú)法移動(dòng)，于是這名男子試圖單人推車。A.designed設(shè)計(jì)；B.held舉行；C.stolen偷竊；D.locked鎖住。后文提到“managedtounlockit”，說(shuō)明此處方向盤是鎖著的，故選D。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一名男子小心翼翼地沒(méi)有驚動(dòng)科布，他詢問(wèn)自己是否能夠從窗戶伸出手去檢查一下轉(zhuǎn)向柱。A.mention提及；B.alarm使驚慌；C.ignore忽視；D.judge判斷。根據(jù)上文“Oneman,carefulnotto”可知，男人小心翼翼的動(dòng)作，是為了不讓科布驚慌，故選B?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在科布的允許下，他終于成功將其打開了。A.focus集中；B.test測(cè)試；C.permission允許；D.personality個(gè)性。根據(jù)上文“askedwhetherhecouldreachthroughthewindowtocheckthesteeringcolumn”可知，男人要伸手進(jìn)車窗檢查，需要得到科布的允許，故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)甚至指揮一輛長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的牽引式掛車改變了車道。A.directed指導(dǎo)；B.allowed允許；C.forced迫使；D.commanded要求。根據(jù)后文“alongtractortrailertochangelanes”可知，他們需要指揮長(zhǎng)拖車變道以避免危險(xiǎn)，故選A?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，這三個(gè)人成功地將她的汽車移至安全地帶。A.Indeed確實(shí)；B.Generally通常；C.Eventually最后；D.Moreover此外。根據(jù)后文“thethreemenwereabletomovehercartosafety”可知，此處表示最終的結(jié)果——三人成功把車移到安全處，故選C?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨后，第一個(gè)男子主動(dòng)提出用他的汽油桶去取汽油，科布給了他一些錢。A.pretended假裝；B.forgot忘記；C.begged懇求；D.volunteered自愿。根據(jù)后文“togetgaswithhisfuelcan”可知，男人主動(dòng)提出用自己的油桶去買汽油，“自愿”符合其樂(lè)于助人的形象，故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他離開期間，其中一名男子一直守在她身旁，向她警告說(shuō)這里是個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的地方。A.remarking評(píng)論；B.warning警告；C.promising承諾；D.appreciating欣賞。根據(jù)“itwasadangerousplace”可知男人是在警告科布，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有一些人會(huì)趁此機(jī)會(huì)謀取私利。A.dealwith處理；B.callfor呼叫；C.takeadvantageof利用；D.takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)后文“suchasituation”可知，男人提醒科布這里危險(xiǎn)，是因?yàn)橛腥丝赡軙?huì)利用這種情況（趁火打劫），故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沒(méi)過(guò)多久，第一個(gè)男人就帶著汽油回來(lái)了，于是她終于能夠啟動(dòng)汽車了。A.capable有能力的；B.frightened害怕的；C.aware意識(shí)到的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根據(jù)上文“Beforelong,thefirstmanreturnedwithgas”可知，男人帶回汽油后，科布就能啟動(dòng)車了，“becapableof”表示“能夠”，故選A?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這三個(gè)人的慷慨大方給科布留下了深刻的印象。A.relief安慰；B.ambition抱負(fù)；C.reminder提醒物；D.generosity慷慨。三人主動(dòng)幫助科布，體現(xiàn)的是他們的“慷慨助人”，這份品質(zhì)讓科布銘記，其他選項(xiàng)均不符合主旨。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PekingOperaenjoyssuchahighreputationamongChinesepeoplethateven“PekingOperaMonth”hasbeendeclared.Fullofhistorical____36____(fact),theoperapresentstheaudiencewithanencyclopedia(百科全書)ofChineseculture,aswellasbeautifulpaintings,variouscostumes,gracefulgesturesandarts.Itisa____37____(harmony)combinationoftheGrandOperaandacrobatics,dance,monologues,withmartialartsandmimealso____38____(include).Witha200-year-longhistory,itisbelievedthatPekingOpera____39____(gradual)cameintobeingafter1790whenthefamousfourAnhuioperatroupescametoBeijing.PekingOperaunderwentfastdevelopmentinsomedynasties,eventually____40____(become)moreaccessibletothecommonpeople.Inancienttimes,PekingOpera____41____(perform)mostlyonstageintheopenair,teahousesortemplecourtyards.PekingOperaperformersmainlyhavetwotypesoffacialdecorations:masksandfacialpainting.Thefrequenton-stagechangingofmasks____42____theaudiencenoticingisaspecialtechniqueknownaschangingfaces.Sinceeachdynastyhad____43____(it)ownuniqueoperaticcos