滿分練(三)閱讀理解+七選五閱讀高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2025Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024湖南永州三模)Whencreativearchitecturalmindsaregivenfreereignovertheircreations,sometrulyuniquebuildingsareborn.Habitat

67(Montreal,Canada)Habitat67’suniquearchitecturewasdesignedbyayoungCanadian-IsraeliimmigrantnamedMosheSafdieforMontreal’s1967UniversalExposition(博覽會).Thebuildingwasdesignedtointegratetheadvantagesofsuburbanliving—namelyprivacy,gardensandmultiplefloors—inanurbanenvironment.Sagrada

Familia(Barcelona,Spain)WhenmodernistarchitectAntoniGauditookupthereinsin1883,ayearaftertheconstructionbegan,heturnedjustanotherchurchintohismasterpiece.ItscomplexdesignsandthemesmaketheSagradaFamiliaamongthemostuniquearchitectureintheworld.Whenit’sfinallyfinishedin2026,itsiconicdesignwillhavelongsincebeenestablishedasoneofthegreatachievementsofarchitecture.Longaberger

Basket

Building(Newark,America)Thereareplentyofbuildingsouttherethatreflecttheirpurpose,liketheKansasCitylibrarythatlookslikearowofbooks.TheLongabergerBasketBuildingisoneofthiskind.HeadofficeoftheLongabergerCompanyproducesbasketswhichcanbefoundaroundtheworld.TheLongabergerfounder’ssonwantedalltheotherLongabergerbuildingstolooklikeitsproductstoo.Atomium(Brussels,Belgium)AnotherexampleofanoffbeatconstructionforaWorld’sFair,theAtomiumwasbuiltforthe1958editionoftheUniversalExpositionheldinBrussels,BelgiumbyAndréWaterkeyn.UnlikeHabitat67,itwasn’tmeanttobearesidentialbuilding.Insteaditcontainsexhibitionroomsandpublichalls.Thebuildingitselfisdesignedtobeacopyofthestructureofironcrystal.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上四種獨(dú)特的建筑。1.Whichofthefollowingbuildingshasn’tbeencompletedbynow?A.Habitat67.B.SagradaFamilia.C.LongabergerBasketBuilding.D.Atomium.答案

B解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Sagrada

Familia

(Barcelona,Spain)部分的“When

it’s

finally

finished

in

2026,its

iconic

design

will

have

long

since

been

established

as

one

of

the

great

achievements

of

architecture.”可知,Sagrada

Familia目前還沒完工。2.WhatdoesLongabergerBasketBuildinglooklike?A.Abasket.

B.Agarden.C.Arowofbooks. D.Anironcrystal.答案

A解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Longaberger

Basket

Building

(Newark,America)部分的“Head

office

of

the

Longaberger

Company

produces...look

like

its

products

too.”可知,Longaberger的建筑看起來像它自己的產(chǎn)品,也就是籃子。3.WhatdoHabitat67andAtomiumhaveincommon?A.Theyareresidentialbuildings.B.TheywerebuiltforWorld’sFairs.C.TheyweredesignedbyMosheSafdie.D.Theycontainexhibitionroomsandpublichalls.答案

B解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Habitat

67

(Montreal,Canada)部分的“Habitat

67’s

unique

architecture

was

designed

by

a

young

Canadian-Israeli

immigrant

named

Moshe

Safdie

for

Montreal’s

1967

Universal

Exposition(博覽會).”和Atomium

(Brussels,Belgium)部分的“Another

example

of

an

offbeat

construction

for

a

World’s

Fair,the

Atomium

was

built

for

the

1958

edition

of

the

Universal

Exposition

held

in

Brussels,Belgium

by

André

Waterkeyn.”可知,這兩個建筑都是為了世界博覽會而修建的。B(2024安徽合肥二模)WhenIwasateenageboy,myparentssignedmeupinalocaljuniorgolfcamp.Fromthatmoment,mylifehasbeenprettymuchdevotedtothegame.WhenIplaygolf,there’salwaysachanceofmakingsomethingmagicalhappen—whetherit’sbreakingapersonalrecordorpotentiallymakingahole-in-one.Thisistheaspectofgolfthatattractedmeingrowingup.However,IhadtotakeabreakbecauseIcouldn’treallyaffordtoplaywhileincollege,sufferingfromburnout.I’dstillgooutonceinawhiletoplaywithfriends,butforthefirsttimesincemyteens,Iwasawayfrommycommunity.Severalyearslater,myenthusiasmforplayinggolfwasinspiredagain.IbecamefamiliarwiththegameagainafterplayingonandoffatLangstonGolfCourse.FromthemomentIarrived,thisplacefeltlikeoneofthecourseswhereIgrewup:Amodestspotwherepeopleofallworking-classbackgroundscametoexperiencethegame,eatlunchorhaveadrink.ThesenseofcommunityI’veregainedwiththegameismorethanI’veeverimagined.Ilikehikingaround,chasingalittlewhiteballaroundagolfcourse.Ialsolikeconnectingwitholdfriendsandmeetingnewones.SomeI’vebeenplayingwithsincehighschool,andourtextthreadsareloadedwithtrashtalkaboutwho’splayingwellandwhoisn’t.They’reusuallytheonesspurringmetopracticeandgetbetter.Weshareexperiencesonthegolfcoursethatarememorableandhavestoriesfordays:Mycircleonlyseemstobeexpanding,andI’mexcitedtoseewhatthefutureholds.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與高爾夫球的深厚情感,不僅僅將其視為一項運(yùn)動,更是一種生活方式和社交方式。4.Whywastheauthoronceawayfromhisgolfcommunity?A.Hecouldn’tsparetimetoplaygolf.B.Hedidn’tfeelasenseofachievement.C.Hewantedtomakemorenewfriends.D.Hetriedtogetoutofhisparents’control.答案

A解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“However,I

had

to

take

a

break

because

I

couldn’t

really

afford

to

play

while

in

college,suffering

from

burnout.”可推知,作者曾經(jīng)離開他的高爾夫社團(tuán)是因?yàn)樗椴怀鰰r間去打高爾夫。5.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutLangstonGolfCourse?A.Itcarriedhispastmemories.B.Itremindedhimtokeepmodest.C.Itofferedhimasenseofbelonging.D.Itwitnessedhisaccomplishments.答案

C解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“From

the

moment

I

arrived...eat

lunch

or

have

a

drink.”可知,作者認(rèn)為Langston

Golf

Course給了他一種歸屬感。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spurring”inparagraph4mean?A.Hating. B.Warning.C.Forbidding D.Pushing.答案

D解析

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上下文可知,他們通常是激勵作者練習(xí)和變成更好的人。由此可知,spur意為“激勵,促進(jìn)”。7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Golf:MyJourneytoGreatnessB.Golf:MoreThanaGametoMeC.DiscoveringEnthusiasmforGolfD.PursuingPerfectionThroughGolf答案

B解析

標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要講述了作者與高爾夫球的深厚情感,不僅僅將其視為一項運(yùn)動,更是一種生活方式和社交方式。因此,最適合的標(biāo)題是“Golf:More

Than

a

Game

to

Me(高爾夫:對我來說不僅僅是游戲)”。C(2024河南濮陽二模)Howmanyspeciescanbefoundinaglassofoceanwater?Ifyou’veeverbeeninvolvedinaschoolexperimentlookingatoceanorriverwaterunderamicroscope,you’llknowthatevenasingledropisfilledwithlife,fromsmallinsectsandfishyoucanseewithyoureyesdowntobacteria,fisheggsandeventinycreaturesthatcanonlyberevealedundermicroscope.Scientistsarenowlookingevenmoreclosely,usingtherelativelyrecenttechniqueofenvironmentalDNA(eDNA)sequencing(測序).ThisallowsresearcherstogetsomeDNAfromasampleofwater,andthentomatchitagainstknownreferencesequences.NotonlycaneDNAidentifythousandsofspeciesinasinglesampleofwater,butthetechniquecanbeusedinthefieldtoassessbiodiversityinwaterandotherenvironmentsfaster,morecomprehensively,yetalsomuchlessharmfullythantraditionalphysicalsurveys.TheapproachisgrowingsoquicklythatthefirstAustralianandNewZealandEnvironmentalDNAConferencewasheldinHobartinFebruary2023,bringingtogethersomeoftheworld’sleadingresearchersandtechnologyprovidersinthespace.Thereisstillmuchtobelearned.BecauseoftheDNAcopytechnique,theslightestpollutioncandeliverfalseresults.ScientistsarealsostilllearningabouthoweDNAisdistributedintheenvironment,howfarittravelsfromits“pointofrelease”,andhowdifferentwaterqualitiesaffecthowwellmixeditisinthewatercolumn.Therearealsomanythingsthatcanaffectresultswhensampling.eDNAdegrades(分解)fasterinwarmerwaterbecauseofincreasedmicrobial(微生物的)activity,astrongdriverofeDNAdegradation.YetthiseffectcanbereducedbyanincreasedproductionofeDNAundertheseconditions.Sothereisnospecificanswertothequestion.Butwiththenewtechniquesandothersindevelopment,theanswerisfarhigherthanyouwouldhavecountedthroughyourschoolmicroscope.California-basedIlluminaisaleaderineDNAsequencinganditwasalsoagoldsponsoroftheHobartevent.Its“next-generationsequencing”workflowinvolvesathree-stageprocessaftersamplecollection.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家利用環(huán)境DNA測序技術(shù)評估海水中生物多樣性的研究。8.Whyistheschoolexperimentmentionedinparagraph1?A.Tooffersomeevidence.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Toraiseawarenessofbiodiversity.D.Tostresstheimportanceofexperiments.答案

B解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“If

you’ve

ever

been

involved

in...revealed

under

microscope.”可知,作者在第一段提到學(xué)校實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了引出文章的主題——用eDNA

測序技術(shù)來研究水中的生物多樣性。9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusabouteDNA?A.Itsadvantages.B.Itsclassifications.C.Itspopularity.D.Itsdevelopment.答案

A解析

段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知,第三段主要介紹了

eDNA

測序技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。10.Whatisthemainfactorthataffectstheresultsofthestudy?A.ThetraveldistanceofeDNA.B.Thesizeofthewatersample.C.Theinstabilityofthewatersample.D.ThedegradationofeDNAinwater.答案

C解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“eDNA

degrades(分解)

faster

in

warmer

water

because

of

increased

microbial(微生物的)activity,a

strong

driver

of

eDNA

degradation.”可知,影響研究結(jié)果的主要因素是水樣的不穩(wěn)定性。11.Whatmaybetalkedaboutnext?A.Theprocessofnewsequencing.B.TheintroductiontoIllumina.C.Thenewwayofcollectingsamples.D.Thecooperationofleadingresearchers.答案

A解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Its‘next-generation

sequencing’workflow

involves

a

three-stage

process

after

sample

collection.”可知,接下來可能會討論新測序的過程。D(2024山東聊城二模)Four-leggedrobotslikeBostonDynamics’SpotandCheetahowealmostalltheirquicknesstofancyfootwork.Inbiology,however,afour-leggedanimal’smovement,flexibility,andcomplexmotorfunctionscomealmostentirelyfromitsspine(脊柱).Ifartificialspinescouldbeputintosuchdesigns,engineerscouldfindentirelynewapproachestoaccuratemobility.Now,engineersarereportedlyafewstepsfurthertowardsspine-centric,four-leggedbotsthankstoaresearchteam’srat-inspiredrobot.NeRmoisabiomimeticandfour-leggedrobotthatdependsonaninnovativemotor-tendon(運(yùn)動肌腱的)structuretomovearoundenvironments.Asfaraslooksgo,NeRmomirrorsamouse’sbonesystem.Therobot’ssolidfronthalfhousesitselectronicssystems,whileitslatterhalffunctionsmuchasanactualflexiblespinewould.Artificialtendonspassingthroughthespineaswellastherobot’sarmandkneejointsallowNeRmoevenmoremouselikemovementsalongsidequickerturningtimes.NeRmo’stendonsystempreventedtheneedforanymusclewhilestillallowingforsmoothbendingcapabilities,i.e.side-to-side,andup-and-down.Totesttheirnewdesign,theteamranNeRmothroughaseriesoffourexperimentstodemonstratebalancing,straight-linewalking,quickturning,andmazenavigation.Eachtrialincludedtworounds—onewiththespinalsystemengaged,andtheotherwithitdisabled.Acrosstheboard,NeRmoperformedthetasksbetter,faster,andmoreaccuratelywhenitcombinedthespinewithitsmovements.Mazenavigation,however,wasNeRmo’strueshiningmoment.Withitsspineengaged,themouse-botcompleteditsmazerunsmuchfasterthansimplywanderingthroughwithoutspinalsupport.Althoughstillinitsearlystages,researchersbelievefurtherdesigninvolvingthespinalsystemsinfuturefour-leggedrobotscouldvastlyimprovetheirfunctionality.IfNeRmowasn’tproofenough,thinkofitthisway—MIT’sCheetahcanrun13feetpersecondwithjustonejointcopyingthebendingofthespineforwardandbackward.NeRmo,meanwhile,haseightjoints.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了受老鼠啟發(fā)的機(jī)器人NeRmo,它的運(yùn)動肌腱結(jié)構(gòu)使它能夠像老鼠一樣快速、靈活地運(yùn)動。研究人員通過一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,NeRmo的脊柱系統(tǒng)能夠提高它的運(yùn)動性能,這為未來四足機(jī)器人的設(shè)計提供了新的思路。12.WhatisthelimitationofBostonDynamics’SpotandCheetah?A.Havinganunattractiveappearance.B.Referringtofewbiologicalbases.C.Havingastrictrangeofapplications.D.Lackingspine-basedmovingaccuracy.答案

D解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容可知,Boston

Dynamics的Spot和Cheetah幾乎完全依賴于復(fù)雜的步法來實(shí)現(xiàn)快速運(yùn)動,而在生物學(xué)中,四足動物的運(yùn)動、靈活性和復(fù)雜的運(yùn)動功能幾乎完全來自其脊柱。由此可知,Boston

Dynamics的Spot和Cheetah的局限性在于缺乏基于脊柱的運(yùn)動精度。故選D項。13.WhichofthefollowingmakesNeRmomovemorelikemice?A.Thetendonsystem.B.Thebonesystem.C.Themusclesystem.D.Thekneejoint.答案

A解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Artificial

tendons

passing

through

the

spine...alongside

quicker

turning

times.”可知,NeRmo機(jī)器人的運(yùn)動肌腱結(jié)構(gòu)使其能夠像老鼠一樣快速、靈活地運(yùn)動。故選A項。14.Whatdidthefourtestingexperimentsfind?A.NeRmohadagreatsenseofdirection.B.ThespinalsystembetteredNeRmo’smovement.C.NeRmowithoutanartificialspinelostcontroleasily.D.Artificialspinesgavehopetodisabledanimals.答案

B解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Across

the

board,NeRmo

performed

the

tasks

better...with

its

movements.”可知,上文的四個測試實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)脊柱系統(tǒng)改善了NeRmo的運(yùn)動。15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.PuttingNeRmointousehasdifficultiesinpractice.B.Reducingthenumberofjointsinrobotsisnecessary.C.Applyingspinalsystemstorobotshasapromisingoutlook.D.Creatingmorefour-leggedrobotsisamatteroftime.答案

C解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Although

still

in

its

early

stages...vastly

improve

their

functionality.”可知,在機(jī)器人中應(yīng)用脊柱系統(tǒng)具有廣闊的前景。故選C項。Ⅱ.七選五(2024山東日照二模)Everyonereactstothepressuresofanupcomingtestdifferently.

16

Whenyouknowyouhaveatestahead,prepareyourselfmentallyandphysicallywellinadvancetominimizetestanxiety.Herearesometipstohelpgetyouthroughthedaysleadinguptoyourtest.

17

Ithelpsyouengagewithyourmaterial,anditgivesyousomethingelseforreferencewhenyoustudylater.Ifyournotesaredetailedenough,youcanreadoverthemtostudy.Youcanalsousethemtomakeflashcardsandotherstudyaids.

Whereyoustudycanbejustasimportantashowyoustudy.Chooseaplacethat’scomfortable,whetherthat’syourbedroom,aquiettableatthelibrary,orabenchatthelocalpark.Makesuretheareahasgoodlightingsoyouaren’tstrainingyoureyes,andensureit’squietandfreefromdistractions.

18

Don’ttrytocram(填塞)allofyourmaterialintoyourbrainthenightbeforethebigtest.Crammingcancausestressandanxiety.

19

Forexample,ifyouknowthetestisintwoweeks,dividethematerialinto10to14partsandspendasetamountoftimeeachdaytoreviewonepart.

Ifyouworkwellwithgroups,considerformingorjoiningastudygroupwithotherswhoareseriousaboutpassingthetest.Trytokeepthegroupsmallsothateveryonehasachancetoengage.

20

Andconsidermakingsomeonetheleaderofthegrouptohelpkeepeveryoneontrack.

A.Instead,it’sbesttostudy