高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1云南省文山市某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheNobelPrizesfor2024havehonoredgroundbreakingdiscoveriesandachievementsthathavesignificantlybenefitedhumankindinvariousways.Thesewinnershavemaderemarkablecontributionstotheirrespectivefields,pushingtheboundariesofhumanknowledgeandunderstanding.NobelPrizeinPhysicsTheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysicstoJohnHopfieldandGeoffreyHinton.Theyemployedphysicstoolstodevelopmethodsthatpavedthewayforadvancedmachinelearning.Hopfieldcreatedastructurecapableofstoringandreconstructinginformation,whileHintoninventedamethodthatindependentlyidentifiesdataproperties,crucialformodernartificialneuralnetworks.NobelPrizeinChemistryInChemistry,thefocuswasonproteins,vitalforlife.DavidBakerachievedtheseeminglyimpossiblebycraftingentirelynewproteintypes.DemisHassabisandJohnJumpertackleda50-year-oldchallengewiththeirAlmodelthatpredictscomplexproteinstructures,holdingimmensepotential.NobelPrizeinLiteratureHanKang,aSouthKoreanauthor,wontheNobelPrizeinLiteratureforherintensepoeticprose(散文)addressinghistoricalmentalscarsandexposinghumanlife’sweakness.Heruniqueawarenessofbody-soulconnectionsandherinnovativestylehavemadeheracontemporaryprosepioneer.NobelPeacePrizeThe2024NobelPeacePrizewasawardedtoNihonHidankyo,agrassrootsJapaneseorganizationofatomicbombsurvivors.Thisisquitedifferentfromotherawardsgiventoindividuals.Itwontheprizeforitseffortstoachieveaworldfreeofnuclearweapons.TheorganizationwasformedbysurvivorsoftheatomicbombsdroppedonHiroshima(廣島)andNagasaki(長崎)in1945.1.Whosecontributionisvitalforartificialneuralconnections?A.GeoffreyHinton. B.DemisHassabis.C.HanKang. D.JohnHopfield.2.Whatassistedscientistsinsolvingahalf-century-oldproblem?A.Craftingnewproteintypes. B.Advancedmachinelearning.C.AImodel. D.Analyzingdataproperties.3.Whichprizewasawardedtoagroup?A.NobelPrizeinPhysics. B.NobelPrizeinChemistry.C.NobelPrizeinLiterature. D.NobelPeacePrize.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的諾貝爾獎獲得者及成就?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NobelPrizeinPhysics中的“whileHintoninventedamethodthatindependentlyidentifiesdataproperties,crucialformodernartificialneuralnetworks.(而辛頓發(fā)明了一種獨(dú)立識別數(shù)據(jù)屬性的方法，這對現(xiàn)代人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)至關(guān)重要。)”可知，GeoffreyHinton的貢獻(xiàn)對人工神經(jīng)連接至關(guān)重要。故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NobelPrizeinChemistry中的介紹“DemisHassabisandJohnJumpertackleda50-year-oldchallengewiththeirAlmodelthatpredictscomplexproteinstructures,holdingimmensepotential.(DemisHassabis和JohnJumper用他們的人工智能模型解決了一個(gè)50年來的挑戰(zhàn)，該模型可以預(yù)測復(fù)雜的蛋白質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)，具有巨大的潛力。)”可知，人工智能模型幫助科學(xué)家解決了半個(gè)世紀(jì)的難題。故選C。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NobelPeacePrize中的介紹“The2024NobelPeacePrizewasawardedtoNihonHidankyo,agrassrootsJapaneseorganizationofatomicbombsurvivors.(2024年諾貝爾和平獎授予了日本原子彈幸存者草根組織“日本Hidankyo”)”以及“Thisisquitedifferentfromotherawardsgiventoindividuals.Itwontheprizeforitseffortstoachieveaworldfreeofnuclearweapons.(這與其他授予個(gè)人的獎項(xiàng)有很大的不同。它因努力實(shí)現(xiàn)無核武器世界而獲獎。)”可知，諾貝爾和平獎被授予了一個(gè)團(tuán)體。故選D。BArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekeleemergedasthevictorofthe2023YoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongthetenfinalistswithhisinnovativecreationknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(SCTS).Bekele’sbrilliantconceptcentersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivatethebody’snaturaldefendersoftheskintostopskincancer.InBekele’sownwords,“Curingcancer,onebarofsoapatatime.”Healwayshasendlesspassionforbiologyandtechnology,andtheYoungScientistChallengejustprovidedhimwiththeperfectplatformtodisplayhisideas.Reflectingonhisinspiration,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodplayedasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithconstantsunexposure.“Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”Bekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwiththemedia.HereceivedinvaluableguidancefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialist,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientiststoaidhiminreachinghisambitiousplans.Duringhispresentation,Bekelepassionatelyexpressedhisvisionofturningthesoapinto“asymbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall.”O(jiān)verthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.4.WhatmadeBekeleaninstanthit?A.Startingasoapfashion. B.Overcomingskincancer.C.Beingtheyoungestscientist. D.Creatingasoapagainstskincancer.5.WhatinspiredBekeletoinventSCTS?A.Hisconcernforothers. B.Hisadventureinchildhood.C.Hisenthusiasmfortechnology. D.Hisinterestinmedicalknowledge.6.WhatwillBekeledointhenearfuture?A.Obtainofficialapproval. B.Visitundevelopedareas.C.Increasetheavailabilityofthesoap. D.Updatethefacilitiesofproduction.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?A.Inspiringandmodest. B.Humorousandpositive.C.Creativeandconsiderate. D.Curiousandindependent.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一位14歲來自弗吉尼亞州的年輕科學(xué)家HemanBekele，他通過創(chuàng)造一種抗擊皮膚癌的肥皂獲得了“美國頂尖年輕科學(xué)家”的稱號?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.

(美國維吉尼亞州一顆冉冉升起的新星獲得了“美國頂尖青年科學(xué)家”的稱號，因?yàn)樗拈_創(chuàng)性發(fā)明——一種可以對抗皮膚癌的肥皂)”可知，HemanBekele發(fā)明了一種對抗皮膚癌的肥皂，一炮而紅。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“

Reflectingonhisinspiration,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodplayedasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithconstantsunexposure.(在反思他的靈感時(shí)，Bekele分享了他的童年在塑造他的創(chuàng)新思維方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。目睹人們在陽光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意識到持續(xù)暴露在陽光下的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，Bekele對別人的關(guān)心激發(fā)了他發(fā)明SCTS。故選A。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Duringhispresentation,Bekelepassionatelyexpressedhisvisionofturningthesoapinto“asymbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall.”(在他的演講中，Bekele熱情地表達(dá)了他的愿景，即把這種肥皂變成“希望、可及性的象征，以及一個(gè)人人都能接受皮膚癌治療的世界?！?”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下來的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的發(fā)明，并建立一個(gè)非營利組織，致力于將他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明分發(fā)到更多的地方，包括不發(fā)達(dá)的社區(qū)，為抗擊皮膚癌提供希望和實(shí)用的解決方案)”可知，Bekele希望建立一個(gè)非營利組織，將他的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品分發(fā)到更多地方，包括欠發(fā)達(dá)社區(qū)，為對抗皮膚癌提供希望和實(shí)際解決方案，即增加肥皂的可獲得性。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.

(美國維吉尼亞州一顆冉冉升起的新星獲得了“美國頂尖青年科學(xué)家”的稱號，因?yàn)樗拈_創(chuàng)性發(fā)明——一種可以對抗皮膚癌的肥皂)”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下來的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的發(fā)明，并建立一個(gè)非營利組織，致力于將他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明分發(fā)到更多的地方，包括不發(fā)達(dá)的社區(qū)，為抗擊皮膚癌提供希望和實(shí)用的解決方案)”可知，文章介紹了一位14歲來自弗吉尼亞州的年輕科學(xué)家HemanBekele，他通過創(chuàng)造一種抗擊皮膚癌的肥皂獲得了“美國頂尖年輕科學(xué)家”的稱號。未來五年里，Bekele希望完善他的發(fā)明，并建立一個(gè)非營利組織，將這種創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品分發(fā)到更多地方，包括欠發(fā)達(dá)社區(qū)，為對抗皮膚癌提供希望和實(shí)際解決方案。由此推知，他一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造力和體貼的人。故選C。CAgroupoffarmersinNigeriaareusinganewmethodtogrowcropsfrommoisture(水汽)intheair.Themethod,knownasaeroponics,doesnotusesoil.Instead,plantrootshangintheairandtakeinnutrientsfromwatermist.Themethodcouldmakeabigdifferenceinplaceswherehugeamountsoflandhavebeenmadeunfarmable.BiochemistSamsonOgboleispopularlyknownasNigeria’ssmartfarmer.Heandhisteamaregrowingcropswithoutsoilatthetechnology-basedfarmtheystartedthreeyearsagoinAbeokuta.OgbolesaystheyareworkinghardtoendtheseasonalfoodshortageinNigeria.“Itisjustfarminganytimeduringtheyear,meaningwecanplantcropsanytimeduringtheyear,andwecanharvestanytimeduringtheyear.”Butsettinguptheaeroponicsfarmwasnoteasy.Itrequiredmorethan$180,000.AndsomepeopleinAbeokutawereverymuchagainstthisnontraditionalmethodoffarming.Ittookalotofefforttochangepeople’smindsaboutit.Infact,inNigeria,about30millionhectaresoffarmlandisbeingused,insteadofthe78.5millionhectaresrequiredforfoodsecurity.Inthenorth,only49percentofthelandisfertile,asituationthatworriestraditionalfarmers.Aeroponics,however,doesnotrequiretraditionalfarmworkormuchland.Nutrientsfortheplantsarecontrolledbyarecyclingsystem,greatlyincreasingproductivity.Dr.PhillipOjo,Director-GeneraloftheNationalAgriculturalSeedsCouncil,saysthegovernmentwelcomesthenewfarmingmethod.Ojonotesthatwithaeroponics,farmerscanquicklyincreaseplantingmaterials.Theagriculturalindustryrepresentsabout40percentofNigeria’seconomy.Thegovernmentwantstogreatlyexpandthispercentage.Fornow,mostfarmerslackthetechnicalknowledgetoincreaseproductivity.Theyalsoneedaccesstohigh-qualityseedstoguarantee(保證)betterharvests.TechnologicallyskilledfarmerslikeSamsonOgboleareofferinganewwayforward.8.Whatdoweknowaboutaeroponics?A.Ithelpscropsdrawnutrientsfromthesoil. B.Itistheprocessofgrowingplantsinwater.C.Itisnotaffectedbytheseasons. D.Itisaimedatbringingbackfarmland.9.Whatdoes“asituation”inparagraph3referto?A.Theoveruseofthefarmland. B.Thepoorconditionofthesoil.C.Thetraditionalmethodoffarming. D.Thehighcostoftheaeroponicsfarm.10.WhatisDr.PhillipOjo’sattitudetoaeroponics?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Unbearable.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Nigeria’sagriculturalindustry. B.AnewplantingmodeinNigeria.C.Thepopularityoftheaeroponicsfarm. D.TheneedofskilledfarmersinNigeria.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了尼日利亞農(nóng)民采用氣培法種植作物的情況，包括該方法的原理、優(yōu)勢以及在推廣過程中面臨的成本高、民眾接受度低等挑戰(zhàn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第二段““Itisjustfarminganytimeduringtheyear,meaningwecanplantcropsanytimeduringtheyear,andwecanharvestanytimeduringtheyear.”(“這實(shí)現(xiàn)了一年中的任何時(shí)候都能耕種，意味著我們可以在一年中的任何時(shí)候種植作物，也能在任何時(shí)候收獲。”)”可知，氣培法（aeroponics）不受季節(jié)限制，可隨時(shí)種植和收獲。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)原文第三段“Inthenorth,only49percentofthelandisfertile,asituationthatworriestraditionalfarmers.(在尼日利亞北部，僅有49%的土地是肥沃的，這一情況讓傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)民感到擔(dān)憂。)”可知,“asituation”指代前文提到的“僅有49%的土地肥沃”這一土壤條件差的情況。故選B。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段“Dr.PhillipOjo,Director-GeneraloftheNationalAgriculturalSeedsCouncil,saysthegovernmentwelcomesthenewfarmingmethod.Ojonotesthatwithaeroponics,farmerscanquicklyincreaseplantingmaterials.(國家農(nóng)業(yè)種子委員會總干事菲利普?奧喬博士表示，政府對這種新的耕作方法持歡迎態(tài)度。奧喬指出，有了氣培技術(shù)，農(nóng)民可以迅速增加種植材料。)”可知，奧喬博士作為官方代表，其態(tài)度與政府一致，對氣培法持支持態(tài)度。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合原文第一段“AgroupoffarmersinNigeriaareusinganewmethodtogrowcropsfrommoistureintheair.(尼日利亞的一群農(nóng)民正在使用一種新方法，利用空氣中的水汽種植作物。)”可知，文章介紹尼日利亞農(nóng)民使用氣培法種植作物，后續(xù)圍繞該方法的原理、推廣困難、政府態(tài)度及對尼日利亞農(nóng)業(yè)的意義展開?？芍?，文章核心是介紹尼日利亞的一種新型種植模式。故選B。DTheideathattoomuchscreentimeanddigitaldependencemightharmourcognitiveabilities—oftencalled“digitaldementia(癡呆)”—hasbeendebatedsincepsychiatristManfredSpitzercoinedthetermin2012.Criticsarguethatoutsourcingmemory(likerelyingonsmartphonesforcontactdetails)andpassivemediaconsumption,suchasendlessscrolling,couldweakenmentalsharpness.Butisthisreallytrue,especiallyforolderadultswhohavewitnessedthedigitalrevolutionfirsthand?Amajor2024studypublishedinNatureHumanBehaviouranalyzeddatafromover411,000adultsaged50andabove.Surprisingly,itfoundthatregularuseofcomputers,smartphones,andtheInternetwasassociatedwitha58%lowerriskofcognitivedecline—astrongerprotectiveeffectthanevenphysicalexerciseormaintaininghealthybloodpressure.Thisdoesn’tmeantechnologydirectlypreventsdementia,butitsuggeststhatstayingdigitallyengagedmayhelpkeepthebrainactive.Learningnewapps,resolvingtechissues,andevenonlinesocializingcouldfunctionlikementalworkouts,strengtheningcognitiveresilience(恢復(fù)力).Infact,technologyaidsinsteadofharmingbecauseitoffersmentalstimulation,enhancessocialconnection,andboostsindependenceviaproblem-solving.’Whilethisstudyisarelief,notalltechuseisequalinitseffects.Passiveactivities,likebingewatchingTV,maynotofferthesamebenefitsasinteractivetasks,suchasvideocallsoronlinelearning.Additionally,toomuchscreentimeinyoungerpeoplehasbeenlinkedtoattentionproblemsandpoorsleep—whichcouldhavelong-termeffects.AsAIandbrain-computerinterfacesadvance,olderadultsmaygainevenmoretoolstosupportcognition,frommemoryaidstovirtualsocialcompanions.However,balanceremainskey.Thebestapproach?Usetechnologyactively—learn,connect,andproblem-solve—ratherthanjustconsume.Fornow,olderadultsshouldn’tfear“digitaldementia.”Instead,thoughtfultechusemightbeoneofthebestwaystokeeptheirmindssharpinthedigitalage.12.Whatdoesthe2024studyrevealabout“digitaldementia”comparedwiththepopularidea?A.Itdrawsacontraryconclusion. B.ItagreeswithManfredSpitzer’theory.C.Itonlyoccursinolderadults. D.Itequalstheeffectofphysicalworkouts.13.Whycanactivedigitalusereducetheriskofcognitivedecline?A.Itcanprolongourlife. B.Itcanactivateourbrain.C.Itcansolvetrickyissues. D.Itcanenhanceourability.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Reliabilityofthenewstudy. B.Negativeeffectsontheyoung.C.Downsidesofpassivetechuse. D.Contrastbetweentwotechuses.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttheelderlydointhelasttwoparagraphs?A.Relievetheirfearquickly. B.Getmoretoolstosharpencognition.C.Consumetechnologysimply. D.Makeconsidereduseofmoderntech.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要探討“數(shù)字癡呆癥”說法，研究表明老年人合理使用數(shù)字技術(shù)有益認(rèn)知。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theideathattoomuchscreentimeanddigitaldependencemightharmourcognitiveabilities—oftencalled“digitaldementia(癡呆)”—hasbeendebatedsincepsychiatristManfredSpitzercoinedthetermin2012.(自精神病學(xué)家曼弗雷德·斯皮策2012年提出“數(shù)字癡呆癥”這一術(shù)語以來，關(guān)于過多的屏幕時(shí)間和數(shù)字依賴可能損害我們認(rèn)知能力的觀點(diǎn)就一直存在爭議。)”以及第二段中的“Amajor2024studypublishedinNatureHumanBehaviouranalyzeddatafromover411,000adultsaged50andabove.Surprisingly,itfoundthatregularuseofcomputers,smartphones,andtheInternetwasassociatedwitha58%lowerriskofcognitivedecline—astrongerprotectiveeffectthanevenphysicalexerciseormaintaininghealthybloodpressure.(2024年發(fā)表在《自然·人類行為》上的一項(xiàng)重大研究分析了41.1萬多名50歲及以上成年人的數(shù)據(jù)。令人驚訝的是，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常使用電腦、智能手機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與認(rèn)知能力下降風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低58%相關(guān)——這種保護(hù)作用甚至比體育鍛煉或保持健康血壓更強(qiáng)。)”可知，2024年的研究與普遍認(rèn)為的“數(shù)字癡呆癥”觀點(diǎn)結(jié)論相反。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thisdoesn’tmeantechnologydirectlypreventsdementia,butitsuggeststhatstayingdigitallyengagedmayhelpkeepthebrainactive.Learningnewapps,resolvingtechissues,andevenonlinesocializingcouldfunctionlikementalworkouts,strengtheningcognitiveresilience(恢復(fù)力).(這并不意味著技術(shù)能直接預(yù)防癡呆癥，但它表明，保持?jǐn)?shù)字參與可能有助于保持大腦活躍。學(xué)習(xí)新應(yīng)用程序、解決技術(shù)問題，甚至在線社交都可以像腦力鍛煉一樣，增強(qiáng)認(rèn)知恢復(fù)力。)”可知，積極使用數(shù)字技術(shù)能降低認(rèn)知能力下降風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是因?yàn)樗芗せ钗覀兊拇竽X。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whilethisstudyisarelief,notalltechuseisequalinitseffects.Passiveactivities,likebingewatchingTV,maynotofferthesamebenefitsasinteractivetasks,suchasvideocallsoronlinelearning.(雖然這項(xiàng)研究讓人松了一口氣，但并非所有的技術(shù)使用都有相同的效果。被動活動，比如瘋狂看電視，可能不會提供與互動任務(wù)相同的好處，如視頻通話或在線學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，第四段主要講的是被動使用技術(shù)的缺點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“However,balanceremainskey.Thebestapproach?Usetechnologyactively—learn,connect,andproblem-solve—ratherthanjustconsume.(然而，平衡仍然是關(guān)鍵。最好的方法是什么？積極使用技術(shù)——學(xué)習(xí)、聯(lián)系和解決問題——而不僅僅是消費(fèi)。)”以及最后一段中的“Fornow,olderadultsshouldn’tfear“digitaldementia.”Instead,thoughtfultechusemightbeoneofthebestwaystokeeptheirmindssharpinthedigitalage.(目前，老年人不應(yīng)該害怕“數(shù)字癡呆癥”。相反，在數(shù)字時(shí)代，深思熟慮地使用技術(shù)可能是保持思維敏銳的最佳方式之一。)”可知，作者建議老年人合理使用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Formakingcontactandcommunicatingwithaperson,effectiveeyecontactisessentialtooureverydayinteractionwithpeople,andalsotothosewhowanttobeeffectivecommunicatorsinpublicplaces.____16____.GenerallyinWesternsocietiesandmanyothercultures,eyecontactwithapersonisexpectedtoberegularbutnotoverlypersistent.____17____,causingthepersonwho’stheobjectofaperson’sstaretofeeloverlystudiedanduncomfortable.____18____.TheNewZealandMedicalJournalreportedthatonereasonsomanyyoungchildrenfallvictimtoattacksbypetdogsistheiroverly-lastingeyecontactwithpets,whichcausesthemtofeelthreatenedanddefensive.Overlylastingeyecontactisalsoasignofaperson’sover-awarenessofthemessagestheyaregiving.Inthecaseofpeoplewhotrytolietosomeone,theymaymaintaintheireyecontactsothattheirlieswouldnotbenoticed.____19____.Butonthecontrary,evasive(逃避的)eyecontactisasignofdiscomfort.Whydoweavoidlookingataperson?Itmaybebecausewefeelashamedtobelookingatthemifwe’rebeingdishonestoftryingtotakethemin.Evasiveeyecontactmayalsoasignofdishonesty.However,Scotland’sUniversityofStirlingfoundthat,inaquestion-and-answerstudyamongchildren,thosewhomaintainedeyecontactwerelesslikelytocomeupwiththecorrectanswertoaquestionthanthosewholookedawaytoconsidertheirresponse.____20____,whenthisenergycouldbespentondeepthinking.A.ThisisawidelyrecognizedindicatoroflyingB.ConstanteyecontactisoftenconsideredtoberudeC.Eyecontactistheactoflookingintosomeone’seyesD.Butthere’ssomethingyoumaynotknowabouteyecontactE.OverpoweringeyecontactcanmaketheotherpersonexcitedF.Evenbetweenhumansandnon-humans,lastingeyecontactissometimesunadvisableG.Eyecontact,asasocializingdevice,cantakeasurprisingamountofefforttomaintain【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.A20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些關(guān)于眼神交流的知識?！?6題詳析】上文“Formakingcontactandcommunicatingwithaperson,effectiveeyecontactisessentialtooureverydayinteractionwithpeople,andalsotothosewhowanttobeeffectivecommunicatorsinpublicplaces.(為了與人進(jìn)行接觸和溝通，有效的眼神交流對于我們?nèi)粘Ｅc人互動至關(guān)重要，對于那些想在公共場所成為有效溝通者的人來說也是如此。)”說明有效的眼神交流對于我們?nèi)粘Ｅc人互動至關(guān)重要，選項(xiàng)D“但是關(guān)于眼神交流，有些事你可能不知道”承接上文，轉(zhuǎn)折語義，引起主題，介紹關(guān)于眼神交流的知識。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“GenerallyinWesternsocietiesandmanyothercultures,eyecontactwithapersonisexpectedtoberegularbutnotoverlypersistent.(一般來說，在西方社會和許多其他文化中，與人的眼神交流是有規(guī)律的，但不要過于持久。)”說明與人的眼神交流不要過于持久，選項(xiàng)B“持續(xù)的眼神接觸通常被認(rèn)為是粗魯?shù)摹背薪由衔?，說明持續(xù)眼神交流是不可取的，引出下文“causingthepersonwho’stheobjectofaperson’sstaretofeeloverlystudiedanduncomfortable(讓被別人盯著看的人感到被過度審查和不舒服)”和上文存在因果關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】下文“TheNewZealandMedicalJournalreportedthatonereasonsomanyyoungchildrenfallvictimtoattacksbypetdogsistheiroverly-lastingeyecontactwithpets,whichcausesthemtofeelthreatenedanddefensive.(《新西蘭醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》報(bào)道稱，許多幼兒成為寵物狗攻擊的受害者的一個(gè)原因是他們與寵物的目光接觸時(shí)間過長，這使他們感到受到威脅和防御。)”說明和寵物狗目光接觸時(shí)間過長都是有危險(xiǎn)的，選項(xiàng)F“即使在人類和非人類之間，持續(xù)的目光接觸有時(shí)也是不可取的”概括引領(lǐng)下文，說明和非人類之間目光持續(xù)過長也是不可取的。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】上文“Inthecaseofpeoplewhotrytolietosomeone,theymaymaintaintheireyecontactsothattheirlieswouldnotbenoticed.(在試圖對某人撒謊的情況下，他們可能會保持目光接觸，這樣他們的謊言就不會被發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”說明有些撒謊的人可能會保持目光接觸，免得被發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)A“這是一個(gè)被廣泛認(rèn)可的說謊指標(biāo)”總結(jié)上文，說明這是個(gè)說謊指標(biāo)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】上文“However,Scotland’sUniversityofStirlingfoundthat,inaquestion-and-answerstudyamongchildren,thosewhomaintainedeyecontactwerelesslikelytocomeupwiththecorrectanswertoaquestionthanthosewholookedawaytoconsidertheirresponse.(然而，蘇格蘭斯特靈大學(xué)在一項(xiàng)針對兒童的問答研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些保持目光接觸的孩子比那些不看別人的孩子更不可能給出正確的答案。)”說明保持目光接觸的孩子比那些不看別人的孩子更不可能給出正確的答案，選項(xiàng)G“目光接觸作為一種社交手段，可能需要付出驚人的努力才能保持”解釋上文，引出下文“whenthisenergycouldbespentondeepthinking(當(dāng)這些精力可以花在深入思考的時(shí)候)”，說明當(dāng)深入思考時(shí)，就沒有足夠的精力去進(jìn)行目光接觸。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分完形填空：(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,共15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis____21____processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy____22____atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手語).Ineverfeltanurgeto____23____anysignlanguagebefore.Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermy____24____forASL.Duringmyfirstweekatcollege,IwatchedastheASLClub____25____theirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandthevery____26____ofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking____27____me.Thisnewnessbroughtmyanxietyforknowledgeandleftme____28____more.Afterthat,IdecidedtodropinononeofASLClub’smeetings.I____29____learnedhowtosignthealphabetthatday.Yetinsteadofbeingashamedofmy____30____progress,Iwasexcited.Ithenmadeitapointtoattendthose____31____andlearnallIcould.Thefollowingterm,I____32____anASLclass.Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwas____33____.Itriedtoadjustmyselftothisnewteachingstyle.Ultimately,Irealizedthatiftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhave____34____ustolearnless.Now,Iappreciatethesilenceandthe____35____wayofcommunicationitopens.21.A.searching B.planning C.natural D.formal22.A.progress B.experience C.major D.opinion23.A.choose B.read C.learn D.demonstrate24.A.love B.concern C.goal D.request25.A.recorded B.performed C.recited D.discussed26.A.idea B.amount C.dream D.reason27.A.bothered B.supported C.embarrassed D.attracted28.A.showing B.acting C.interacting D.wanting29.A.nearly B.even C.merely D.still30.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious31.A.games B.programs C.lectures D.meetings32.A.missed B.passed C.calledon D.registeredfor33.A.prohibited B.welcomed C.ignored D.repeated34.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected35.A.easy B.popular C.varied D.new【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.B26.A27.D28.D29.C30.A31.D32.D33.A34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在大學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)并愛上美式手語的經(jīng)歷。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己就經(jīng)歷了這樣一段探索過程，并且找到了一件讓我的大學(xué)經(jīng)歷變得更美好的事物：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了美式手語。A.searching搜索的，探索的；B.planning計(jì)劃的；C.natural自然的；D.formal正式的。根據(jù)上文“Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.”可知，此處指作者經(jīng)歷了探索的過程。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己就經(jīng)歷了這樣一段探索過程，并且找到了一件讓我的大學(xué)經(jīng)歷變得更美好的事物：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了美式手語。A.progress進(jìn)步；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.major專業(yè)；D.opinion觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.”可知，此處指作者在大學(xué)的經(jīng)歷。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：以前，我從沒有過學(xué)習(xí)任何手語的沖動。A.choose選擇；B.read閱讀；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.demonstrate證明。根據(jù)后文“Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.”可知，因?yàn)榧胰撕团笥讯寄苈牭?，所以作者以前沒有學(xué)習(xí)過手語。故選C。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一點(diǎn)也不知道我會發(fā)現(xiàn)我對美式手語的熱愛。A.love熱愛；B.concern關(guān)心；C.goal目標(biāo)；D.request請求。根據(jù)后文作者對手語俱樂部的描述以及“Iwasexcited.Ithenmadeitapointtoattendthose________andlearnallIcould.”可知，作者對手語產(chǎn)生了熱愛。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大學(xué)第一周，我看到美式手語俱樂部的成員們表演了一首歌曲的手語翻譯。A.recorded記錄；B.performed表演；C.recited背誦；D.discussed討論。根據(jù)后文“theirtranslationofasong”可知，此處指手語俱樂部表演了一首歌的翻譯。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無論是手部的動作，還是這種不通過說話就能交流的理念，都深深吸引了我。A.idea想法；B.amount數(shù)量；C.dream夢想；D.reason原因。根據(jù)后文“ofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking”可知，此處指不用說話交流的想法。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：無論是手部的動作，還是這種不通過說話就能交流的理念，都深深吸引了我。A.bothered打擾；B.supported支持；C.embarrassed使尷尬；D.attracted吸引。根據(jù)后文“Thisnewnessbroughtmyanxietyforknowledgeandleftme________more.”可知，手語吸引了作者。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這種新鮮感激發(fā)了我求知的渴望，讓我想要了解更多。A.showing展示；B.acting行動；C.interacting互動；D.wanting想要。根據(jù)上文“Thisnewnessbroughtmyanxietyforknowledge”可知，新鮮感讓作者想要了解更多關(guān)于手語的知識。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那天我只學(xué)會了如何用手語表達(dá)字母表。A.nearly幾乎；B.even甚至；C.merely僅僅，只不過；D.still仍然。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)earnedhowtosignthealphabetthatday”可知，作者那天只是學(xué)會了如何用手語表示字母表。故選C。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我并沒有為自己緩慢的進(jìn)步感到羞愧，反而很興奮。A.slow緩慢的；B.steady穩(wěn)定的；C.normal正常的；D.obvious明顯的。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)earnedhowtosignthealphabetthatday”以及后文“Iwasexcited”可知，作者只是學(xué)會了如何用手語表示字母表，所以進(jìn)步緩慢，但是作者很興奮。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我下定決心要參加那些會議，盡我所能地學(xué)習(xí)。A.games游戲；B.programs項(xiàng)目；C.lectures講座；D.meetings會議。根據(jù)上文“Afterthat,IdecidedtodropinononeofASLClub’smeetings.”可知，此處指參加手語俱樂部的會議。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語和動詞詞義辨析。句意：接下來的學(xué)期，我報(bào)名參加了一門美式手語課程。A.missed錯(cuò)過；B.passed通過；C.calledon號召；D.registeredfor注冊。根據(jù)后文“anASLclass”可知，作者注冊了一門手語課。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：授課教授是聽障人士，課堂上嚴(yán)禁說話。A.prohibited禁止；B.welcomed歡迎；C.ignored忽視；D.repeated重復(fù)。根據(jù)上文“Theprofessorwasdeaf”可知，教授是聾的，所以任何談話都是被禁止的。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最終我意識到，如果課堂上允許說話，反而會導(dǎo)致我們學(xué)到的東西更少。A.required要求；B.caused造成；C.allowed允許；D.expected期待。根據(jù)上文“Irealizedthatiftherehadbeenanytalking”以及后文“ustolearnless”可知，上課時(shí)候不安靜會導(dǎo)致我們學(xué)到的手語更少。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，我十分欣賞這種安靜的氛圍，也珍惜它所開啟的全新交流方式。A.easy容易的；B.popular受歡迎的；C.varied多樣的；D.new新的。根據(jù)上文“Ithenmadeitapointtoattendthose________andlearnallIcould.”以及“Now,Iappreciatethesilence”可知，作者欣賞這種沉默和它開啟的新的交流方式。故選D。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AfricanstudentswhoparticipatedinaChineseagriculturaldevelopmentprogramhavereturnedtotheirhomecountries,aimingtouse___36___they’velearnedtohelplocalfarmersincreasegrainyields.IntheScienceandTechnologyBackyardprogram,which___37___(launch)in2009atChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijing,studentsconductedresearchinexperimentalfieldsinruralareaswhileusingtheir___38___(acquire)knowledgetohelpChinesefarmers.Phiri,onestudentfromMalawiinAfrica,expectedhopefully,“WearewellonourwaytoestablishingsuccessfulSTBs,___39___purposeistoempowerthefarmer