3/3專題02非謂語作主、賓、表語（期末復(fù)習(xí)講義）年份卷別考點(diǎn)考情分析2025浙江卷動名詞（doing）作主語【考向透視】①固定搭配（如只接doing的enjoy/avoid、只接todo的hope/decide、接兩者含義不同的remember/regret等）；②句型規(guī)則（如it作形式主語/賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)、“動詞+疑問詞+todo”）；③含義適配（doing表習(xí)慣性/等同關(guān)系，todo表具體/目的關(guān)系，分詞表主語狀態(tài)）；④易錯(cuò)邊界（介詞to與不定式符號to的區(qū)分、非謂語作表語與進(jìn)行時(shí)/被動語態(tài)的混淆）。【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】熟記主賓表相關(guān)的3類核心動詞搭配清單（只接doing、只接todo、接兩者含義不同），做到看到動詞快速反應(yīng)正確非謂語形式，避免“decidedoing”“l(fā)ookforwardtomeet”等基礎(chǔ)錯(cuò)誤。新高考II卷不定式（todo）作賓語2024新高考I卷動名詞（doing）作賓語全國甲卷不定式（todo）作表語2023北京卷動名詞（doing）作表語新高考II卷不定式（todo）作主語非謂語動詞作主語、賓語、表語非謂語動詞作主語、賓語、表語知識點(diǎn)01非謂語動詞作主語動名詞（doing）：表示“習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性、抽象性的動作”，作主語時(shí)謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例句：Swimmingismyfavoritesport.游泳是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動?！橄髣幼鱎eadinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.在陽光下看書對你的眼睛不好。——習(xí)慣性動作不定式（todo）：表示“具體的、一次性的、將來的動作”，作主語時(shí)謂語動詞用單數(shù)，常與形式主語it連用（itis+形容詞/名詞+todo），避免句子頭重腳輕。例句：Tofinishtheworkontimeisdifficult.按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作很難。——具體動作ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.學(xué)好英語很重要?！猧t作形式主語，真正主語是tolearnEnglishwell特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：①Itisnouse/gooddoingsth.（做某事沒用/沒好處）；②Itisuselessdoingsth.（做某事無用）。?對比差異：doing作主語表“常態(tài)”，todo作主語表“具體”?！炯磿r(shí)檢測】____________________(read)Englisheverymorningishelpful.Itisnecessary____________________(finish)thehomeworkbeforedinner.____________________(swim)intheriverisdangerous.Itisnouse____________________(complain)abouttheresult.____________________(learn)aforeignlanguagetakestimeandeffort.Itisimportant____________________(obey)thetrafficrules.【答案】1.Reading2.tofinish3.Swimming4.complaining5.Learning6.toobey知識點(diǎn)02非謂語動詞作賓語（1）只能接動名詞（doing）作賓語的動詞常見動詞：enjoy、avoid、mind、practise、finish、suggest、keep、miss、consider、admit、escape、risk等。接動名詞（doing）口訣：“享受避免介意練，完成建議別錯(cuò)過；承認(rèn)考慮冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，逃脫堅(jiān)持不放棄”對應(yīng)單詞：enjoy（享受）、avoid（避免）、mind（介意）、practise（練習(xí)）、finish（完成）、suggest（建議）、miss（錯(cuò)過）、admit（承認(rèn)）、consider（考慮）、risk（冒險(xiǎn)）、escape（逃脫）、keep（堅(jiān)持）、giveup（放棄，拓展）例句：Sheenjoyslisteningtomusic.她喜歡聽音樂。（2）只能接不定式（todo）作賓語的動詞常見動詞：want、hope、wish、decide、plan、try、attempt、offer、promise、refuse、manage、afford等。接不定式（todo）口訣：“想要希望決定辦，承諾拒絕試著干；努力學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)法做，負(fù)擔(dān)得起要計(jì)劃”對應(yīng)單詞：want（想要）、hope（希望）、decide（決定）、promise（承諾）、refuse（拒絕）、try（試圖）、study（學(xué)習(xí)，拓展）、manage（設(shè)法）、afford（負(fù)擔(dān)得起）、plan（計(jì)劃）例句：Hewantstogotocollege.他想上大學(xué)。（3）既能接doing又能接todo，含義不同的動詞特殊差異動詞口訣：“記牢忘記與后悔，動作已過用doing；要做未做用todo，停止做事用doing，停下做事去另干，必須加上todo”對應(yīng)單詞：remember/forget/regret（記牢/忘記/后悔）、stop（停止）rememberdoingsth.（記得做過某事，動作已發(fā)生）；remembertodosth.（記得要做某事，動作未發(fā)生）。forgetdoingsth.（忘記做過某事）；forgettodosth.（忘記要做某事）。regretdoingsth.（后悔做過某事）；regrettodosth.（遺憾要做某事，多接tell/inform等）stopdoingsth.（停止正在做的事）；stoptodosth.（停下來去做另一件事）。（4）介詞后接動名詞（doing）作賓語常見介詞：in、on、at、for、of、about、without、after、before等。例句：Sheisgoodatsinging.她擅長唱歌?！炯磿r(shí)檢測】Sheenjoys____________________(dance)inherfreetime.Hedecided____________________(visit)hisgrandparentsthisweekend.Don’tforget____________________(lock)thedoorwhenyouleave.Sheisafraidof____________________(speak)inpublic.Hestopped____________________(watch)TVandbegantostudy.Iregret____________________(tell)youthatthemeetingiscancelled.【答案】1.dancing2.tovisit3.tolock4.speaking5.watching6.totell知識點(diǎn)03非謂語動詞作表語動名詞（doing）：表示“主語的內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)或習(xí)慣性動作”，與主語是對等關(guān)系。例句：Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.我的愛好是集郵。不定式（todo）：表示“主語的具體內(nèi)容、目的或?qū)淼膭幼鳌?，與主語是對等關(guān)系。例句：Mygoalistopassthecollegeentranceexam.我的目標(biāo)是通過高考。過去分詞（done）：表示“主語的狀態(tài)或感受”，多為形容詞化的過去分詞。例句：Heisexcitedaboutthenews.他對這個(gè)消息感到興奮。對比差異：doing作表語表“常態(tài)/抽象”，todo作表語表“具體/將來”?！炯磿r(shí)檢測】Herdreamis____________________(become)adoctor.Myfavoriteactivityis____________________(swim)inthesummer.Thechildis____________________(frighten)ofthedark.Themainthingis____________________(keep)calminanemergency.Hisjobis____________________(repair)cars.Thenewsis____________________(surprise)toallofus.【答案】1.tobecome2.swimming3.frightened4.tokeep5.repairing6.surprising易｜錯(cuò)｜點(diǎn)｜撥易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1：接doing與todo的動詞混淆規(guī)避方法：分類記憶核心動詞清單，用“口訣輔助”——“享受避免介意練，完成建議別錯(cuò)過（接doing）；想要希望決定辦，承諾拒絕試著干（接todo）”。例：錯(cuò)誤：Heenjoystosing.正確：Heenjoyssinging.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2：形式主語it后誤用doing規(guī)避方法：牢記“itis+普通形容詞（important/difficult等）+todo”，僅“itisnouse/good/useless+doing”是例外。例：錯(cuò)誤：ItisimportantlearningEnglish.正確：ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)3：特殊差異動詞（remember/stop等）的含義混淆規(guī)避方法：用“時(shí)間軸”判斷——①動作已發(fā)生：remember/forget/regret+doing；②動作未發(fā)生：remember/forget/regret+todo；③停止當(dāng)前動作：stop+doing；④轉(zhuǎn)做他事：stop+todo。例：錯(cuò)誤：Istoppedtosmoke.（想表達(dá)“戒煙”）正確：Istoppedsmoking.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)4：介詞后誤用todo規(guī)避方法：先判斷空格前的詞是否為介詞（尤其是to，注意區(qū)分“介詞to”和“不定式符號to”）。常見“介詞to”短語：beusedto、lookforwardto、devoteto、payattentionto。例：錯(cuò)誤：Sheislookingforwardtoseeyou.正確：Sheislookingforwardtoseeingyou.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)5：作表語時(shí)doing與done的混淆規(guī)避方法：記“ing表主動/令人…，ed表被動/感到…”。例：錯(cuò)誤：Heisexciting.正確：Heisexcited.（他感到興奮）；Thenewsisexciting.（消息令人興奮）解｜題｜技｜巧1.第一步：定功能——明確非謂語的語法功能（主語/賓語/表語）①作主語：看句子開頭或形式主語it后（itis+形容詞+空格）；②作賓語：看空格前是否有動詞（如enjoy/want）或介詞（如in/of）；③作表語：看空格前是否有be動詞（am/is/are/was/were）。2.第二步：記搭配——精準(zhǔn)區(qū)分接doing/todo的動詞/結(jié)構(gòu)①接doing的核心清單：enjoy、avoid、mind、finish、suggest、practise、keep、miss、介詞后；②接todo的核心清單：want、hope、decide、plan、try、promise、refuse、manage；③特殊差異動詞：remember/forget/regret/stop（按“動作是否發(fā)生/是否轉(zhuǎn)做他事”區(qū)分）。3.第三步：判含義——根據(jù)動作屬性選doing或todo①表“習(xí)慣、抽象、常態(tài)”：選doing（作主語/表語）；②表“具體、一次性、將來”：選todo（作主語/賓語/表語）；③作表語表“狀態(tài)/感受”：選done（形容詞化過去分詞）。4.第四步：看結(jié)構(gòu)——識別形式主語/介詞后的特殊要求①形式主語it后：必接todo（除itisnouse/gooddoing）；②介詞后：無論作何種成分，必接doing；③被動結(jié)構(gòu)中：非謂語形式不變（如beusedtodoing，to是介詞，仍接doing）。基礎(chǔ)通關(guān)（測試時(shí)間：10分鐘）.____________________(run)isgoodforourhealth.Shewants____________________(buy)anewdress.Itiseasy____________________(learn)Englishwell.Heenjoys____________________(play)footballafterschool.Mydreamis____________________(be)ateacher.Don’tforget____________________(bring)yourhomeworktomorrow.Sheisafraidof____________________(go)outaloneatnight.Itisnouse____________________(cry)overspiltmilk.Hedecided____________________(stay)athometoday.Herjobis____________________(cook)forthefamily.Theyfinished____________________(do)theirhomeworkontime.Iremember____________________(meet)youatthepartylastyear.Thedooris____________________(close)now.Shestopped____________________(talk)whentheteachercamein.Itisimportant____________________(obey)therules.Heleftwithout____________________(say)goodbye.【答案】1.Running2.tobuy3.tolearn4.playing5.tobe6.tobring7.going8.crying9.tostay10.cooking11.doing12.meeting13.closed14.talking15.toobey16.saying重難突破（測試時(shí)間：10分鐘）Whenhefinished____________________(read)thenovel,hewroteareviewaboutit.Itisstrangethatsherefused____________________(accept)theinvitationfromherbestfriend.Theboywhoisgoodat____________________(draw)wonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.Shehopes____________________(travel)aroundtheworldaftershegraduatesfromcollege.Whathelikesmostis____________________(play)thepianointhequietevening.Heregretted____________________(notstudy)hardwhenhewasyoung.Itisnogood____________________(argue)withhimbecauseheisverystubborn.Thegirldecided____________________(learn)asecondlanguagesothatshecanfindabetterjob.After____________________(finish)hiswork,hehelpedhismotherwiththehousework.Themainreasonwhyhecamehereis____________________(ask)foryourhelp.Sheislookingforwardto____________________(see)herparentsduringtheholiday.Hestopped____________________(drink)coffeebecauseitmadehimunabletosleep.Itisnecessaryforus____________________(keep)abalanceddiettostayhealthy.Themanwhowasaccusedof____________________(steal)moneywastakentothepolicestation.【答案】1.reading2.toaccept3.drawing4.totravel5.playing6.notstudying7.arguing8.tolearn9.finishing10.toask11.seeing12.drinking13.tokeep14.stealing易混易錯(cuò)（測試時(shí)間：10分鐘）Iremember____________________(meet)youbefore.（meet/met/tomeet）Shewants____________________(go)totheparktomorrow.（go/going/togo）Itisimportant____________________(study)hardeveryday.（study/studying/tostudy）Hestopped____________________(eat)andbegantowork.（eat/eating/toeat）Myhobbyis____________________(collect)stamps.（collect/collecting/tocollect）Don’tforget____________________(turn)offthelight.（turn/turning/toturn）Sheisgoodat____________________(sing)songs.（sing/singing/tosing）Iregret____________________(tell)youthebadnews.（tell/telling/totell）Itisnouse____________________(complain)abouttheweather.（complain/complaining/tocomplain）Hedecided____________________(notgo)totheparty.（notgo/notgoing/nottogo）Herjobis____________________(teach)English.（teach/teaching/toteach）Heremembered____________________(lock)thedoor,butitwasstillopen.（lock/locking/tolock）Sheleftwithout____________________(say)goodbye.（say/saying/tosay）Thechildis____________________(frighten)ofdogs.（frighten/frightening/frightened）Itisdifficult____________________(finish)theworkinsuchashorttime.（finish/finishing/tofinish）【答案】1.meeting2.togo3.tostudy4.eating5.collecting6.toturn7.singing8.totell9.complaining10.nottogo11.teaching12.locking13.saying14.frightened15.tofinish鏈接高考（測試時(shí)間：15分鐘）1.（2025年全國一卷?模擬題）Itisimportant____________________(learn)aboutChinesetraditio