GrammarandusageSubjectclauses(主語從句)WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask1:Readthearticleonpage20andfillinthetablebelowThedevelopmentoftelescopesTimeNameFunctionIntheearly1600sGalileo’stelescopeItisthe_______usedtelescopetoexplorethesky.In______________SpaceTelescopeItcansee_______thanground-basedtelescopes,andallowsscientiststolearnmoreabouttheuniverse.In______________SpaceTelescopeIthasdetected_____________________thatarealmostthesamesizeastheEarth.Inrecentyears_______Itisthe_______radiotelescopeintheworldandisableto

observationswithextraordinarysensitivity.1990firstHubblefurther2009KeplermanysuitableplanetsFASTlargestcarryoutTelescopesarecrucialtoolsforspaceexploration!WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask2:Readtheseunderlinedsentencespara2para4WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesThatHubbleisbasedinspaceallowsittoseefurtherthanground-basedtelescopes,anditallowsscientiststolearnmoreabouttheuniverse.Whetherlifeonotherplanetsdoesexistisyettobeproved,butthesignsarepromising:KeplerhasdetectedmanysuitableplanetsthatarealmostthesamesizeastheEarth.Itisclearthattelescopesarecrucialtoolsforspaceexplorationandthatdevelopingtherequiredtechnologywillhelpastronomersallovertheworldmakeexcitingdiscoveries.Howmuchwewilllearnfromthetelescopesismerelylimitedbyourimagination.Task2:thinkaboutwhattheyhaveincommon【】【】【】【】【】Subjectclause主語從句WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesWecanuseanounclauseasthesubjectofasentencetomakethesentencemorecolourful,andthisnounclauseiscalledsubjectclause.

Subjectclause主語從句主語從句使用陳述語序！WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask3:findoutsubjectclausesinthebox1.ThisisthegirlwhohelpedmewithmyEnglishyesterday.2.Wevisitedthecitywheremygrandparentslivedfor20years.3.Whathehassaidinclasssuprisedallhisclassmates.4.Hetoldhismotherthathehadfinishedhishomework.5.Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisacommonscientificfact.6.Thequestioniswhetherwecangetenoughsupportfromourteachers.7.Whetherwecanfinishthetaskontimedependsonourefforts.8.Althoughheisyoung,heknowsalotaboutcomputers.WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules從屬連詞

that例句：1.Thathewillsucceediscertain.

2.ThatMarsmaybecomeourhomeinthefuturedoesexcitemanypeople.

Rule1:

只起連接作用，本身無意義，

充當任何成分，但

能省略。that不不WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules從屬連詞

whether例句：1.Whetherpeopleshouldgothereremaintobesettled.

2.Whetherwestillattendthelecturehasnotbeendecided.

Rule2:whether表“

”，

充當任何成分，只起連接作用，但

能省略。是否不不WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules

填空：用

that、whether1.

_____theEarthrevolvesaroundtheSunisawell-establishedscientificfact.2.

___

___hewillattendthemeetingtomorrowisstillunknown.3._____shehadwonthecompetitionsurprisedeveryone.4.

___

___thenewplanwillworkoutwelldependsonourjointefforts.ThatThatWhetherWhetherWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接代詞

who例句：1.Whowillbeselectedasthenewstudentcouncilpresidentremainsahottopicamongtheseniors.

Rule3:

意為“誰”，在從句中作

、、。

主語who表語2.Whoyouchoosewillaffectthewholeteam.3.Whoheisdoesn’tmattertome.賓語WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接代詞

whoever例句：1.Whoevercomesfirstwillgetafreebook.

Rule6:

指“的任何人”，在從句中作

、、。*區(qū)別于who(指代具體的人），whoever表泛指。2.Whoeveryouinvitewillbewelcome.whoever主語賓語3.Whoeverthewinneriswillreceiveagrandprize.表語WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接代詞

what例句：1.Whatmattersmostinlifeisnotwealthbuthappiness.

2.Whathesaidatthemeetingyesterdaysuprisiedeveryonepresent.

Rule4:

意為“的東西/事情”，在從句中作

、

、

，

，無范圍限定。3.Whattheultimategoalofeducationisremainsahottopic..

what4.Whatbookyouaregoingtobuyisnotimportant.

主語賓語表語定語WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接代詞

whatever例句：1.Whateverhappensinthefuturewillnotchangeourdicisiontomoveforward.

2.Whateveryousaysoundsreasonable.

Rule7:

指“...的任何東西/事物”在從句中作

、

、

、

，泛指、無范圍限定3.Whateverhisnameisdoesn’tmattertous.

whatever4.Whateverplansshemadefortheholidaysoundwonderful.

主語賓語表語定語WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接代詞

which例句：1.Whichofthesethreeoptionalcoursesismostsuitableforusdependsonourcareerplan.

Rule5:

指代特定范圍內(nèi)的人或事物，在從句中作

、賓語、表語、定語意為“（在...中）哪一個/哪一些”。

*

ismostsuitableforusdependsonourcareerplan.Rule5:若句中無明確范圍，需用what。Whatwhich

主語WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接代詞

whichever例句：1.Whichevermethodyouchoosefromthebookmustbefollowedstrictly.

Rule8:

指“...（特定范圍內(nèi)）的任何一個/任何一些”，在從句中作主語、賓語，表語,

，需要有明確的范圍。whichever定語WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules1.

______willbeappointedasthenewheadteacherofourclassisstillamysterytoallofus.A.WhoB.WhomC.WhichD.That2.

______weneedtoimprovemostinourEnglishlearningisourlisteningcomprehension.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whoever3.

______ofthetwonovelsyouchoosetoreadfortheliteratureclasswillhelpyouimproveyourreadingskills.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhicheverD.Whatever4.

______hasagoodknowledgeofcomputersciencecanapplyforthistechnicalposition.A.WhoB.WhomC.WhoeverD.WhicheverWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接副詞

when例句：1.Whenthenewsubwaylinewillbeputintooperationisstillunknowntothepublic.Rule9:

意為“

”，在從句中作

狀語*區(qū)別于時間狀語從句，引導主語從句時，不能省略，需要放在句首when什么時候時間WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接副詞

whenever例句：1.WheneverwecanfindtimetopracticeoralEnglishisthekeytoimprovingourlanguageskills.Rule13:

譯為“...的任何時候”，在從句中作

，語氣比when更強烈。whenever時間狀語WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接副詞

where例句：1.Wherewewillholdtheannualschoolsportsmeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.

Rule10:

意為“在/到哪里”，在從句中作

狀語

where地點WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接副詞

wherever例句：1.Whereverwecanaccessreliablelearningresourceswillgreatlyaffectourstudyefficiency.

Rule14:意為“

”，在從句中作

狀語，語氣比where強烈。wherever...的任何地方地點WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接副詞

how例句：1.HowimportantitistomasterEnglishgrammarisoftenignoredbysomestudents.

Rule11:

意為“多么，怎么樣”，在句子中作

。2.Howwecanbalanceourstudyandextracurricularactivitiesisacommonproblemforseniorstudents.how方式狀語WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接副詞

however例句：1.Howeverwecansimplifythecomplexexperimentprocedureiswhatourteacherexpectsustofigureout.

Rule15:

意為

“的任何方式”，在句子中作

。however

方式狀語WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules連接副詞

why例句：1.Whyshemadesuchadecisionremainsapuzzletousall.Rule12:

意為“

”，在從句中作

狀語why為什么原因WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules1.

______wewillholdtheinternationalconferencenextyearhasnotbeenannouncedbythegovernmentyet.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How2.

______theancientcivilizationdisappearedsuddenlyisstillamysterythatarchaeologistsaretryingtosolve.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How3.

______thenewpolicywasintroducedsohurriedlyhasarousedwidespreadpublicconcernanddebate.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How4.

______wemeetagainwillbeajoyfuloccasionthatwealllookforwardto.A.WheneverB.WhereverC.HoweverD.WhateverWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules類別例詞說明從屬連詞that,whether兩者在從句中均不作成分，只起連接作用；that無實義，whether表示“是否”。連接代詞who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等成分。連接副詞when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however在從句中作時間狀語、地點狀語、方式狀語、原因狀語等成分。WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesit作形式主語句型1：

It+be+形容詞+that從句Itisclearthatthegirltoldalie.

It+be+necessary/important/crucial/vital/advisable/urgent+that從句

當形容詞表達“必要性、重要性、緊迫性”以及“建議，命令”等含義，從句的謂語動詞使用虛擬語氣（should)+V原

WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesit作形式主語句型2：It+be+名詞(短語)+that從句Itisapitythatyourparentsdidn’tallowyoutogoshopping.

It+be+...suggestion/proposal/advice/demand/order/requirement/request+that從句

當主句的名詞是“建議、要求、命令、主張”時，從句使用虛擬語氣（should)+V原

WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesit作形式主語句型3：It+be+過去分詞+that從句Itisannouncedthattheplanhasbeensuccessfullycarriedout.

It+be+suggested/proposed/required/requested/demanded/ordered/insisted+that

當主句的過去分詞是“建議、要求、命令、主張”時，從句使用虛擬語氣（should)+V原WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesit作形式主語句型4：It+特殊動詞(seems/appears/happens/matters/occurredto/turnedout/cameout)+

that從句

Itseemsthattheyhavemadethesamemistake.Itcameoutthatsomegovernmentofficialsreceivedmoneyfromthecompany.Itturnedoutthathisbrotherdiedofaheartattack.Itoccurredtohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattend.WorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules1.Giventherecentsecurityholes,itisessentialthateveryemployee______anew,complexpasswordimmediately.A.createsB.createC.willcreateD.iscreating2.Lookingattheemptystadiumnow,itseemsstrangethatsuchafamousmatch______heretenyearsago.A.washeldB.beheldC.wouldbeheldD.hadbeenheld3.Intheofficialguidelines,itisrecommendedthatthemedicine______withafullglassofwaterforbestresults.A.istakenB.takesC.betakenD.willbetakenWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules主謂一致1.從句作主語，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。Thatheislateagain

(suprise)noone.Whethertheyagreeornot

(donot)matter.surprisesdoesn’tWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules主謂一致2.what引導的主語從句，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于what在從句中所指代的內(nèi)容。

若what在從句中作主語，且指代單數(shù)意義，則主句謂語用單數(shù)。

若what在從句中作主語，且指代復數(shù)意義，則主句謂語用復數(shù)。Whatweneed

(be)moretime.WhatIwant

(be)details.Whatshesaysanddoes

(be)inspiring.Whatshesaysanddoes

(be)incompletecontradiction.isareisareWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherules主謂一致3.當兩個主語從句由and連接時，若表示兩件事情，謂語常用復數(shù)。

Whatcausedtheaccidentandwhowasresponsibleforit

(be)known.areWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask4:Fillintheblankswithproperlinkingwordstoformsubjectclauses.1.

learningaforeignlanguagecandevelopstudents’thinkingabilityiswellaccepted.2.

makesTomsoextraordinaryishisrichimaginationandhisabilitytoexpresshimself.3.Itiscommonknowledge

theEarthisnowtheonlyplanetinthesolarsystemsuitabletoliveon.4.Diditeveroccurtoyou

shewastellingawhitelie?5.

wefeelaboutourselvesissometimesaffectedbyotherpeople’sopinions.ThatWhatthatthatHowWorkouttherulesApplytherulesExploretherulesTask4:Fillintheblankswithproperlinkingwordstoformsubject