2026年考研英語（二）真題

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Mostofusstriveforself-respect—toseeourselvesinapositivelight,tobe1ofwhoweare.Anycommentsorexperiencesthatunderminethosefeelingsofself-worthcanbeuncomfortableandit’sonly2towanttoavoidthem.Butthethingis,3yourself-worthreallyisbeingunderminedis,toalargedegree,subjective.Muchofitcomesdowntoyour4ofwhatsomeonesaidordid.

Whenyoutakethingspersonally,you’reinterpretingthesesituationsassayingsomethingsignificantandnegativeaboutyouasaperson.Sayyourbosspicksholesinyoursalesreport,andyoucomeawayfeelinglikethismeansshethinksyou’rea5memberofstaff.Or,twoofyourfriendscancelyour6get-togetheratthepubandyouinterpretthisasmeaningthey’reboredofyou.Psychologistshavea7forthiswayofthinking:personalisation.Butthe8isthatyourbossmightviewyouveryhighly.It’sjustyoumadesome9inthereportandshewantedtopointtheseoutsothatyoudobetternexttime.10,inthecaseofyourfriendscancelling,perhapsthebothfeltunwellthatweekendortheyjust11theirminds.

Inboth12—andothersthatweallexperience—there’sanother13atworkthatpsychologistscallmindreading.Thisiswhenyouassumetoknowwhatotherpeoplearethinkingaboutyou,whenyoucan’treallyknowwithout14themdirectly.

Onesimplewaytoavoid15personalisationandmindreadingistochallengeyournegativeassumptionsofwhat’s16.Whenyoufindyourselftakingasituationpersonally,trytothinkofotherinterpretationsthatarelessfocusedonyou—especiallyinthesenseofsayinganythingdeepor17aboutyou.

Whenyoudothis,itmighthelptotrytoputyourselfinotherpeople’sshoes.Thefactyourbosstookthetimetogiveyou18atallmeanstheycareenoughtowanttohelpyou19.Whenitcomestoyourfriends—maybeit’sbecauseyourfriendshipisso20thattheyfeltabletocancelatlatenotice.

[A]afraid[B]critical[C]proud[D]tolerant

[A]risky[B]natural[C]admirable[D]foolish

[A]whether[B]where[C]why[D]how

[A]citation[B]imitation[C]perception[D]introduction

[A]poor[B]loyal[C]creative[D]shy

[A]sponsored[B]crowded[C]disputed[D]planned

[A]method[B]term[C]design[D]goal

[A]evidence[B]theory[C]condition[D]reality

[A]complaints[B]choices[C]mistakes[D]suggestions

[A]Similarly[B]Relatively[C]Accordingly[D]Contrarily

[A]opened[B]changed[C]trained[D]cleared

[A]quotations[B]experiments[C]questions[D]examples

[A]process[B]objective[C]outcome[D]background

[A]blaming[B]warning[C]teaching[D]asking

[A]arguingabout[B]accountingfor[C]engagingin[D]interferingwith

[A]happened[B]continued[C]returned[D]disappeared

[A]casual[B]obvious[C]familiar[D]fundamental

[A]reward[B]feedback[C]trust[D]proof

[A]innovate[B]concentrate[C]improve[D]relax

[A]strange[B]strong[C]vulnerable[D]valuable

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Askpeopleaboutpubliclibrariesandacertainimagespringstomind:dusty,old-fashioned,thesortofplaceyouenjoyedasachildbut,ratherlikeaBritishseasidetown,wouldyougotherenow?Andanyway—aren’ttheyallclosing?

Therealityisstartlinglydifferent,asIdiscoveredwhentheculturedepartmentcommissionedmetoconductanindependentreviewofEnglishpubliclibraries,publishedyesterday.AsIvisitedlibrariesupanddownthecountry,Iwassurprisedtolearntherearemorethantwicethenumberoflibraries(2,892)astherearebranchesofMcDonald’s.

Enteranyoneofthemandyouwillfindahiveofactivity,whilebooksare,andshouldalwaysbe,attheheartofanylibrary,amultitudeofotherservicesareoffered:employmentadvice,languageclassesordigitalaccessandsupport.

Therearelibrarieswithbusinessandintellectualpropertycentres,whichcanhelpbusinessownersandentrepreneurs.Manyhavenursesonsitetocarryoutbasichealthchecks,withalinktotheGP’ssurgery,therearelibrarieswhereyoungpeoplecanborrowaFifa-standardfootballfree.

Inreturnforallofthis,you’llbeaskedforpreciselynothing.Therewillbenochargeandyouwillneverbeaskedtojustifyorexplainyourself,youwillsimplybewelcomedin,offeredhelpifyouneedit,andleftaloneifyoudonot.Thereisnootherinstitution,publicorprivate,thatcansaythesame.Yetstillourlibrariesareoftenoverlookedandunderappreciated.Thereisanoveralldeclineinvisitsandmanyarestrugglingaslocalauthoritiescomeundercontinuedfinancialpressure.

Thenumberoflibrariesthathaveclosedsince2010isdisputed.AnannualsurveybytheCharteredInstituteofPublicFinanceandAccountancyputsitatnearly800acrosstheUK;officialstatisticsheldbytheArtsCouncilrecord230inEngland.Itis,ofcourse,230librariestoomany.Soifwearetoprotectourlibrariesforfuturegenerations,wemustraiseawarenessofthemandtheworktheydo.

Thereviewrecommendsanationalbrandingcampaigntogivelibrariesastrongerphysicalpresence,thereintroductionofaschemetoenablememberstousetheircardinanylibraryinthecountry,andautomaticmembershipsforchildren.Ifwedon’tusethem,wewillenduplosingthem.Andforthosewhohaven’tbeentoalibraryforsometime,theymaybesurprisedbywhattheyfind.

WhatwastheauthorcommissionedtodoaboutEnglishpubliclibraries?

[A]Documenttheirvaluabletraditions.

[B]Makeaplanfortheirexpansions.

[C]Obtainreaderopinionsonthem.

[D]Lookintotheircurrentsituation.

AccordingtoPara.3&4,theauthorfindsthatlibraries______.

[A]boastdesirablebookcollections.

[B]keepdetailedvisitorrecords.

[C]performdiversifiedfunctions.

[D]attractmostlyyoungreaders.

ItisimpliedinPara.5thatlibrariesshould________.

[A]begivengreaterattention.

[B]imposestrictervisitlimits.

[C]workwithprivateinstitutions.

[D]gettheirequipmentupgraded.

ThestatisticsmentionedinP6show________.

[A]thecrisisfacedbylibraries.

[B]theadvancementoflibraries.

[C]thecontributionsoflibraries.

[D]theflawsexistinginlibraries

Whichofthefollowingissuggestedforlibrariesinthelastparagraph?

[A]Invitingpublicfeedback.

[B]Seekingadequatefunding.

[C]Improvinguserconvenience.

[D]Offeringlifetimememberships.

Text2

Accordingtoourresearch,aroundoneinfiveworkersintheUKtalktoAIlikeafriend,lookingforguidanceonpersonalandprofessionalproblems.OurdatashowsthatengagingwithAIlikethiscanleaveusfeelingheardandlessisolated.But,withthisnewfoundconnection,manyofussharesensitive,sometimeshighlyconfidentialinformation,eventhoughoverathirdofpeopledon’trealisethatAIplatformsmaynotbeverygoodatkeepingoursecrets…secrets.

Forbusiness,theimplicationsareworrying.ConsiderMicrosoftCopilot,forexample.ItgainsMicrosoftbroadrightstothedatainputtedoroutputtedbyanyuser–rightstousethisdatainanywayitseesfit;itcanevenshareitwiththirdparties.Thismeansthatanysensitivebusinessinformationcouldpotentiallybeexposedtotheworld.Employersaretakingnoteandtakingaction.Accordingtoourresearch,25%havedecidedtoeitheroutrightbanAIorregulateitsusewithintheirorganisations.Butevenwiththesepoliciesinplace,someemployeeschoosetobreaktherules.Theyhavetheirreasons–around63%ofthemreportthatusingAIincreasestheirproductivity,andsomeevenfeelAIoffersmorehelpthantheirhumancolleagues.

ThesituationpresentsadelicatebalancebetweenleveragingAIforitsproductivitygainsandriskingconfidentialdataexposure.EmployersneedtomanageAItoolswiththesamelevelofcareasanyotherformofdatasharingorstorage.There'salsoaknowledgegapthatneedstobeaddressed-40%ofindividualssurveyedareunsureaboutwhoretainsownershipoverthecontentproducedbyAI.ByinstillingbestpracticesinAIengagementandcreatingpoliciesthatevolvewiththetechnology,businesscanpositivelyshifttheAIlandscape.

WithAI'spotentialtosimplifyourprofessionallives,dotheadminandenhancetheworkexperience.It'suptoustonavigateitsusagecautiouslysoitsupportsuswithoutcompromisingourprivacy.There'snoneedtobackawayfromprogress,aslongaswe'reequippedwiththeknowledgeandtoolstomakesureAIremainsafriend.Andthisiswherethechallengelies.Therearesomanyproductsoutthere,beingpromotedwithhugeadvertisingandmarketingbudgets,thatit'seasytofallvictim.Butbybuildingacultureofdigitalresponsibilitywithinourbusiness,wecancreateafuturewhereAIcanhelpuswithoutspillingthebeans.

AccordingtoParagraph1,workers’engagementwithAIcan________.

[A]facilitatetheircareerprogress

[B]givethememotionalsupport

[C]helpmaintaintheirmotivation

[D]improveworkplacecommunication

MicrosoftCopilotiscitedtoshowthattheuseofAImay________.

[A]poseathreattobusinesses

[B]generateunnecessarydata

[C]promotebusinesscooperation

[D]encourageinformationsharing

SomeemployeeschoosetobreaktherulesonAIdueto________.

[A]easyaccesstoAIproducts

[B]thedesiretostaywell-informed

[C]itssignificantroleintheirwork

[D]theneedtocompetewithothers

TopositivelyshifttheAIlandscape,businessesshould________.

[A]increasethetransparencyoftheirdatasources

[B]prioritisethequalityofAI-producedcontent

[C]includeemployeeperspectivesintheirrules

[D]adjusttheirmanagementtoAIdevelopment

Accordingtothelastparagraph,wemayeasilyfallvictimtoAIaswe________.

[A]havealimitedunderstandingofit

[B]underestimateitseconomiccosts

[C]tendtooveremphasiseitspower

[D]areexcessivelyexposedtoit

Text3

Sincethe2008launchofthehigh-speedrailnetworkbetweenRomeandMilan,trainshavebecomethepreferredmeansoftravelacrossItalyforlocalsandtouristsalike.Fasttrainscancoverthe500kmbetweenthetwocitiesinthreehours.ThenetworkalsoconnectsNaples,Bologna,FlorenceandTurin.Inmanycases,itisthebestoption—intermsoftraveltimeandcost—forbothleisureandbusinesstravellers.

Thisiswhytherecentseveredelayscausedbynumerousmaintenanceworkshavethrowntherailindustryintochaosatatimewhenmostpeopleheadonholiday,whichmattersforbusinessinacountrywheretourismaccountsfor10percentofGDP.

DisruptionshavebecomeincreasinglyfrequentwithtraindelaysnowafixtureinItalianmediacoverage.FerroviedelloStatoItaliane,thepubliclycontrolledgroupthatownstrainoperatorTrenitaliaandthenationaltrainnetworkRFI,said23percentofallhigh-speedtrainsitoperatedwerelatein2023.

ThehugeimprovementsinItaly'sobsoleteinfrastructurepartlyexplainedthedisruption,saidFerrovie.RFI,thenetworkoperator,isthesinglelargestEuropeanrecoveryfundbeneficiarywithplannedinvestmentsof€24bnby2026.Ferroviewillinvestatotalof€124bnininfrastructureoverthenext10years.

Butlackofcapacityisanotherproblem.TransporteconomistAndreaGiuricinsaidtheplannedinvestmentswouldbringimprovementsbutdisruptionsinthemeantimewereinevitable.“Wehaveamixedsystem,thereisnosparecapacityandassoonasthere’sahiccupontheline,thesituationbecomeshighlycomplex,”hesaid.Amixedsystemmeansthathigh-speedtrainsmusttravelontheregulartracksoncertainroutesorwhenpassingthroughlargecities.Ifthere’scongestionor,forexample,alocaltrainbreaksdown,theentirehigh-speednetworkisaffected.

Oneofthemostimportantchangestheupgradeswillbringisthesegregationofthehigh-speedlinefromtheregularoneincertainurbancentresthroughtheconstructionofundergroundraillinks.Improvementswillalsocomefromthehigh-densitytechnologyandsatellitesignallingthatRFIhasbeeninvestinginforyears,sayexperts.Itwillallowforareductionofthedistancebetweenhigh-speedtrainstravellingonthesamelineatanygiventime,whichshouldmeanasignificantincreaseincapacityandtrafficfluidity,accordingtoGiuricin.

Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,thehigh-speedrailnetworkinItaly________.

[A]isseenbytouristsasoutdated

[B]isapopularoptionfortravelling

[C]isinadequatelyutilisedbylocals

[D]isanexampleofgoodmaintenance

FerrovieisquotedinParagraph3toshow________.

[A]thecommonoccurrenceoftraindelays

[B]thevalueoftheItaliantrainnetwork

[C]thewidemediacoverageoftrains

[D]thehighefficiencyofTrenitalia

Whichofthefollowingisonecauseofthedisruptionsinthenetwork?

[A]Complextrainschedules.

[B]Shortageofinvestments.

[C]Itslimitedcapacity.

[D]Itsmassivescale.

Itcanbelearnedthatthemixedsystem________.

[A]providesawidechoiceofroutes

[B]requiresextraoperationalspending

[C]increasestheleveloftravelcomfort

[D]putsthehigh-speednetworkintrouble

ImprovementstotheItaliantrainnetworkwillinclude________.

[A]reconstructingtheregulartrainlines

[B]shorteninghigh-speedtrainintervals

[C]buildingmorestationsinurbancentres

[D]enhancingthesafetyofhigh-speedtrains

Text4

In2023,Chicagolostoneofitsmostbelovedstreetfestivals.TheSilverRoomBlockParty,stagedbyHydeParkcommunityleaderEricWilliams,announceditwouldnotreturnin2024.Whatbeganasasmallneighborhoodgatheringblossomedintoamassiveculturaleventwelcomingtensofthousandsofpeopleeachyearovernearlytwodecadesbeforeabruptlyshuttingdown.

WilliamspointedtorisingproductioncostsanddecliningattendeedonationsasprimaryreasonstheSilverRoomBlockPartycouldnotcontinue,highlightingarealitythatallstreetfestivalorganizersfacerightnow.ThecostofproducingastreetfestivalinChicagohasskyrocketed.Security,entertainment,portablerestrooms,insuranceandevenbasicssuchasfencingandstaffinghaveallbecomesignificantlymoreexpensive.Atthesametime,donationsatfestivalgateshavedroppeddramatically.

Chicago’ssummerfestivalsareaboutmorethanjustentertainment;theyareeconomicenginesthatdirectlybenefittheneighborhoodsthey’reinandthecityofChicagoasawhole.Streetfestivalsdrivefoottraffictolocalbusinessesandfosterthekindofculturalvibrancythatmakesourcityspecial.

Weoftenhearpeopleaskwhywesolicitdonationsatourentrypoints,especiallywhenthecity’slargestfestivalsliketheChicagoJazzFestivaldonotrequestdonations.Thefactis,unlikethoselarge,city-producedmusicfestivals,yourneighborhoodstreetfestivalsreceivenocityfundingandrelyonacombinationofsponsorships,vendorfeesandgatedonationstocovertheircosts.

WickerParkFesthaslongbeenoneofChicago’smostanticipatedsummerfestivals,drawingupwardof70,000attendeesforafullweekendofliveindiemusic,localart,smallbusinessvendorsand,mostimportantly,communityconnection.In2024,WickerParkFestsawrecord-breakingattendance.Despitetheturnout,gatedonationsreachedtheirlowestpointinourhistory.Thisyear,we’vebeenforcedtoscalebackthefootprintofthefest.Weareeliminatingastage,bookingfewerperformersandmakingadditionalcutstoreduceourcosts,allwhilestrivingtokeepthefestivalasvibrantasever,assupportiveoflocalartistsandbusinesses,andastruetoWickerPark’suniquespiritandreputationasfestgoershavecometoexpect.

Thissummer,asyouenjoyyourfavoriteneighborhoodstreetfestival,Ihopeyou’llrememberthattheyexistbecauseofcommunitysupport.Athrivingsummerfestivalseasondoesn’thappenbyaccident;Ithappenswhenweallchipin.

ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph1thattheSilverRoomBlockParty________.

[A]hasbeenreplacedbyotherfestivals.

[B]hasgainedgreatinternationalfame.

[C]washeldinvariousneighborhoods.

[D]wasanappealingculturalgathering.

Onerealitystreetfestivalorganizersfaceisthat________.

[A]theyareunabletousethedonationswisely.

[B]theyareunabletogetsufficientfacilities.

[C]theyhavetotacklefinancialdifficulties.

[D]theyhavetostepupsecuritymeasures.

AccordingtoParagraphs3and4,Chicago'sstreetfestivals________.

[A]relievetypicalurbanlifestyles.

[B]arefundedbythegovernment.

[C]contributetothelocaleconomy.

[D]arefamousfortheirmusicshows.

ItisimpliedthattheorganizersofWickerParkFesthaveto________.

[A]countonamateurartists’participation.

[B]reducethenumberofperformances.

[C]giveupitsmostprominentfeature.

[D]collaboratewithlargebusinesses.

Theauthorholdsthatthefutureofstreetfestivalsdependson________.

[A]thevarietyofactivities.

[B]thegenerosityofattendants.

[C]thereputationofneighborhoods.

[D]themanagementofexpenditures.

PartB

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

①Inanefforttosupportrestorationprogrammes,specialistsaredevelopingsuppliesofseedsandseedlings,maintaininggenebanksandsequencingthegenomesofindigenoustreesandothercrops.Theirworkdealswithoneoftheproblemsthatcouldblockmajorrestorationeffortsindifferentpartsoftheworld.

②“Where’stheplantingmaterialgoingtocomefrom?That’sonebigbottleneck,”saysgenetic-resourcesspecialistRamiJamnadass.

③Asiaisarguablytheregionmostneglectedbyglobaleffortstoincreasediversityinrestorationandtostudynativespecies.ChristopherKettle,BioversityInternational’sdirectorforforestgeneticresourcesandrestorationinRome,saysthattheneedforinfrastructure-thingssuchasmechanismsforcollectingandstoringseeds,andnurseriestoraiseseedlings-mightbemostdesperateherebecausemanytreesare‘mast-bearing’species,whichdon’tproduceseedseveryyear.Peopleneedtobeready.“Otherwise,youmisstheboat,youlosealltheseedyou’regottowaitanothersevenyears,”saysKettle.“Thisisareally,reallycriticalissueforrestorationinSoutheastAsia,becausemanyofthemostimportanttimberspeciesandtreespecies-theonesthatwilllockupthemostcarbon-they’reallmast-bearingspecies.”

⑤Withsomuchworklefttodo,leadersinthefieldhavebeendoingsomesoul-searchingandacknowledgethatrestorationcanbeshapedby–anddesignedtomeet–differentneeds.“Whenyoutalkaboutconservationorrestoration,thefirstquestionhastobe:restorationbywhom,forwhom?”saysDanielSanzenbacher,abiologistattheUniversityofPennsylvania.

RamiJamnadass

ChristopherKettle

JohnStanturf

PedroBrancalion

RobinChazdon

[A]Peoplemustpayattentiontothefactthatsomekindsoftreesdonotproduceseedsannually.

[B]Soilisanimportantelementtobetakenintoa