學(xué)年度上階段性考試一)高級(jí)英語第一部分聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Shopping.B.Havinglunch.C.Cookingdishes.2.Whendoestheperformancestart?A.At6o’clock.B.At7o’clock.C.At8o’clock.3.Wherearethespeakers?AAtahospital.B.Atagym.C.Ataschool.4.Whathasn’tbeenpreparedfortheemergencies?A.Aflashlight.B.C.5.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewoman?A.Shedoesn’tknowtheman.B.Shemadeahugemistake.C.SheisfromNew第二節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間,每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Howdidthemantravelaroundtheworld?A.Bycar.B.Bymotorbike.C.Bytrain.7.Whatdidthemanthinkofcycling?A.Abitboring.B.Notadventurous.C.Impracticalsometimes.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whichcountrywonthefewestmedals?A.GreatBritain.B.Japan.C.Spain.9.HowmanyathleteshasFrancesent?第1頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)A.133.B.135.C.158.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Overthephone.B.Inapizzahouse.C.Athome.Whatingredientdoesthewomandislike?A.Garlic.B.Pepper.C.Onions.12.Whichpizzaswillbeordered?A.SausageDeluxeandSeasonalB.MeatLoversandSeasonalC.GrilledandSpicyChicken.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple.B.Grandmaandgrandson.C.Motherandson.14.WhatisPaulwatching?A.Amovie.B.Aconcert.C.Musicvideos.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftoday’smusic?A.Pleasant.B.Noisy.C.Inspiring.16.Whatistheguydoing?A.Holdingastick.B.Drivingacar.C.Playinghisguitar.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whoischildren’sfavouritestorytelleraccordingtothestudy?A.Dad.B.Mom.C.Celebrities.18.Whathappenswhenchildrenare3—4yearsold?A.Theybecomestorytellerstootherchildren.B.Theydependmoreonstoriesfromfriends.C.Theyaremorethirstyforbedtimestories.19.Howcanparentsbecomegoodstorytellers?A.Bymakingfaces.B.Byusingfunnyvoices.C.Bytellingtheirownstories.20.What’sopinionaboutparents’readingwithchildren?A.It’squitecommon.B.It’snotdifficult.C.It’sbeneficial.第2頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)第二部分閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A&Joinusinourlivingclassroom!carefullydesignourprogramsanduseourresourcestosupportyouinyourteachingwhilegettingyourstudentsengagedandexcitedaboutlearning.JustaswegotosleepatAhealthyecosystemisonenight,awholenewworldofanimalsisinwhichmultiplespeciesareeachabletowakingup!Thisprogramwillwalkstudentsmeettheirneedsinarelativelystablewebofthroughacomprehensivestudyofhowtheselife.Studentswillexaminehoworganismsinanimalsusetheirsensestohelpthemhuntforalocalecosystemareinterrelated.foodatnight.a(生物群系)StudentswillStudentswilluseNASA’sdatamapstoworkwitheducatorstofigureouthowanimalsidentifybiomesaroundtheworldandwilluseadaptationtoprotectthemselvesagainstlookathowanimalsdevelopovertimeandaredifferentkindsofweather.adaptedtolivingineach.※Minimumcostof$240ifyouhavefewerthan15students.※$16/student;1freeguardianforevery10students※$19/additionalguardian※Groupscanbringanunlimitednumberofadditionalguardians.However,weaskthatonlythefreeguardiansattendtheprogramandlimitclasssizeto25participantsperprogram.※askquestionsortobookaZooprogramforyourgroup,pleasechickhereandcontactAndreaStein,ManagerofSchoolProgramsorcall(401)785-3510ext.359.1.Whichprogramsuitsthoseinterestedinanimalevolution(進(jìn)化)most?第3頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)A.ofLife.B.UpAllNight.C.OhGiveMeaBiome.D.Animalsand2.Howmuchistheadmissionforagroupof10studentswith3guardians?A.$217.B.$240.C.$278.D.$297.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelguide.B.Anacademicmagazine.C.Acoursebrochure.D.Anonlineadvertisement.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一個(gè)動(dòng)物園的教育項(xiàng)目，包括項(xiàng)目?jī)?nèi)容、定價(jià)信息和聯(lián)系方式?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格部分a一欄中“StudentswilluseNASA’sdatamapstoidentifybiomesaroundtheworldandwilllookathowanimalsdevelopovertimeandareadaptedtolivingineach.(學(xué)生們將使用NASA的數(shù)據(jù)地圖來識(shí)別世界各地的生物群落，并研究動(dòng)物如何隨著時(shí)間的推移進(jìn)化并適應(yīng)每個(gè)生物群落的生活。)”可知，OhGiveMeaBiome項(xiàng)目與動(dòng)物進(jìn)化直接相關(guān)，因此最適合對(duì)動(dòng)物進(jìn)化感興趣的人。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】部分的“Minimumcostof$240ifyouhavefewerthan15students.(如果學(xué)生人數(shù)少于15人，最低費(fèi)用為240美元)1freeguardianforevery10students(每10名學(xué)生有1名免費(fèi)監(jiān)護(hù)人)”和“$19/additionalguardian(19美元/額外的監(jiān)護(hù)人)”可知，學(xué)生人數(shù)少于15人，應(yīng)支付最低費(fèi)用240美元，且10名學(xué)生可免除1名監(jiān)護(hù)人的費(fèi)用，另外兩名監(jiān)護(hù)人需各支付19美元，共計(jì)需支付278美元（=240+19+19C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Joinusinourlivingclassroom!carefullydesignourprogramsanduseourresourcestosupportyouinyourteachingwhilegettingyourstudentsengagedandexcitedaboutlearning.(加入我們的生活教室！我們精心設(shè)計(jì)了我們的課程，并利用我們的資源來支持你的教學(xué)工作，同時(shí)讓你的學(xué)生參與并對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)感到興奮。)”和部分的“askquestionsortobookaZooprogramforyourgroup,pleasechickhereandcontactAndreaStein(AndreaStein)目，屬于在線廣告。故選D項(xiàng)。第4頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)BMichaelsettocompletea5,000-milewalkacrossCanadainthespringof2021,wearingakilt(短褶裙)andcarryingafewitemsinahandcart,includingaguitar.The32-year-oldmusicianfromDunked,Scotland,walkedfromtheshoresofthePacificOccamtothecastcoastofNewfoundlandontheedgeoftheNorthAtlanticwithhispetdog,Luna,anAlaskanhusky,byhisside.SpeakingabouttheScottishHighlands,said,“Itisabeautifullandscape,butwithastrongsenseofsadnessbecauseoftheabsenceofwoodland,wildlifeandpeople.SoIdecidedtowalkacrossthegreatwildernessesofCanadatoraisefundsforforLife,aScottishrewindingcharity,anditsworktorestore(恢復(fù))Scotland’sCaledonianForest.”Theenthusiasticwalkersharedsomeofhisexperiences,includingmeetingblackbearsandhearingwolvescryloudlyatnight.HealsomentionedamomentwhenhelostLunaaftershejumpedoutofalittleboatduringatripinthewaterwaysectionoftheCanadainNor-themOntario.Mrwasdeeplytouchedbythewarmthofthepeoplealongtheway.Ineverytownandvillage,peoplehimfood,shelteranddonations.Andhewasaccompaniedintotownsandcitiesbymarchingpipebandsandinterviewedbynewspapers,theradioandTV.SteveMickiewright,chiefexecutiveofforLife,said,followedMichael’sjourneyacrossCanadawithrespectandadmiration.RestoringnativehabitatsandwildlifetotheHighlandsisabigtaskthatnoonecandoalone.ButMichael’sextraordinaryjourneyisproofthatanindividualcanreallymakeadifference.”BobDavidson,oneofMichaelfriends,said,“Thisisnotaslowwalkinthepark,butalongmarchwithheavyequipmentontheroughroadatanincrediblepace.He’sanamazingguy.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutScottishHighlandsfromthepassage?A.ItislocatedintheeastcoastofBritain.B.Itisabeautifullandscapebutfullofsorrows.C.Itmaybeoncethesiteofextensiveforests.D.ItiscloselyrelatedtoacharityinCanada5.AccordingtoParagraph3,Michael’sjourney.A.involvedgreatexcitementandfunB.wasachallengingexperienceC.wastroubledbyhiscompanionLunaD.oncemadehimregrethisdecision第5頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)6.WhatattitudesdidpeoplealongthewayholdtowardsMichael’saction?A.NeutralB.SupportiveC.DoubtfulD.Indifferent7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmaySteveMickiewright’smayagreewith?A.needtorespectthosewhoprotecttheenvironment.B.Itisnotwisetotakealongjourneyaloneinthewild.C.Ordinarypeoplewhoaimhighcanworkwonders.D.Peopleneedsgreatsurvivalskillsindailylife.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.C【解析】Michael來支持環(huán)保組織。該故事表明的是志存高遠(yuǎn)的人是可以創(chuàng)造奇跡的?！?題詳解】SoIdecidedtowalkacrossthegreatwildernessesofCanadatoraisefundsforforLife,aScottishrewindingcharity,anditsworktorestoreScotland’sCaledonianForest.(所以我決定穿越加拿大的荒野，為蘇格蘭的倒帶慈善機(jī)構(gòu)“生命之樹”forLife)及其恢復(fù)蘇格蘭加里東森林(CaledonianForest)的工作籌集資金)”可推知，蘇格蘭高地可能曾經(jīng)是大片森林的所在地。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theenthusiasticwalkersharedsomeofhisexperiences,includingmeetingblackbearsandhearingwolvescryloudlyatnight.HealsomentionedamomentwhenhelostLunaaftershejumpedoutofalittleboatduringatripinthewaterwaysectionoftheCanadainNor-themOntario.(這位熱情的步行者分享了他的一些經(jīng)歷，包括遇到黑熊，在晚上聽到狼的嚎叫。他還提到，在安大略省諾塞姆的跨加拿大步道水道段旅行時(shí)，盧娜從一艘小船上跳了下來，他失去了她)”可知，邁克爾的旅程是一次具有挑戰(zhàn)性的經(jīng)歷。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Mrwasdeeplytouchedbythewarmthofthepeoplealongtheway.Ineverytownandvillage,peoplehimfood,shelteranddonations.(利斯先生。在每個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)和村莊，人們?yōu)樗峁┦澄?、住所和捐?”可知，一路上人們對(duì)邁克爾的行為是支持的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“SteveMickiewright,chiefexecutiveofforLife,said,“第6頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)followedMichael’sjourneyacrossCanadawithrespectandadmiration.RestoringnativehabitatsandwildlifetotheHighlandsisabigtaskthatnoonecandoalone.ButMichael’sextraordinaryjourneyisproofthatanindividualcanreallymakeadifference.”(“生命之樹”的首席執(zhí)行官SteveMickiewright和欽佩的心情跟隨邁克爾的加拿大之旅?；謴?fù)高地的原生棲息地和野生動(dòng)物是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，沒有人能)C項(xiàng)“Ordinarypeoplewhoaimhighcanworkwonders.(志存高遠(yuǎn)的普通人也能創(chuàng)造奇跡)”與SteveMickiewright所說的話意思相近，他可能會(huì)同意。故選C項(xiàng)。CManydogownersbelievetheirpetsunderstandandrespondnotonlytocommandssuchas“sit”and“stay,”butalsotowordsreferringtotheirfavoriteobjects.“Bringmeyourball”willoftenresultinexactlythat.Butsciencehashadtroubledeterminingwhetherdogsreallyactivate(激活)amentalimageintheirmindswhentheyhearthenameofanobject.Anewstudyhasfoundthatbeyondbeingabletorespondtocommandslike“rollover,”dogscanlearntoconnectwordswithspecificobjects—arelationshipwithlanguagecalledreferentialunderstandingthathadbeenunprovenindogsuntilThestudyinvolved18dogsandaprocedureusingelectrodes(電極)attachedtodogs’headstomeasurebrainactivityandregisterbrainwaves.Dogownersparticipatinginthestudywouldplayavoicerecordinginwhichtheysaidthenameoftheirdog’stoy—like“ball”—andthentheywouldshowthedoganobject.Theresearchersmeasuredthedogs’brainactivitywhentheobjectintherecordingmatchedtheobjectthatwasdisplayed,andalsowhenitdiffered.expectedthatifadogreallyunderstandsthemeaningoftheobject’sword,itwillexpecttoseethatobject.Andiftheownershowsadifferentone,therewillbeaso-calledsurprisereactioninthebrain,”Borossaid.Thestudyfoundadifferentbrainpatternwhenthedogswereshownanobjectthatmatchedtheword,comparedtowhenitdidn’t—suggestingtheanimalsformedamentalimageofanobjectbasedonhearingthewordforit.Thestudysupports“theoriesoflanguageevolutionwhichactuallysaythatreferentialunderstandingisnotnecessarilyuniquetohumans,”addedMagyari,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofStavangerinNorway.Whilethestudyhasreceivedpraise,someexpertshaveexpresseddoubtsaboutitsfindings.Behavioralscientistandprofessorofpsychology,ClivesaidinapostonFacebookthathebelievesthatallthestudiesshowthatdogsrespondtostimuli(刺激)—butthattheydon’tactuallyunderstandthemeaningofspecificwords.8.Whathaspuzzledscientistsaboutdogs?第7頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)A.Howdogsrecognizementalimagesinmind.B.Howdogsrespondtotheirfavoriteobjects.C.Whetherdogscantrulyunderstandcommands.D.Whetherdogscanconnectwordswithobjects.9.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudyofdogs?A.Byobservingtheirinteractionswithowners.B.Bytrainingthemtoidentifyspecificobjects.C.Bymonitoringtheirbrainwavesindifferentsituations.D.Bycomparingtheirreactionstodifferenthumanvoices.10.Inthestudy,surprisereactionsindog’sbrainarecausedbyamismatchbetween________.A.whattheywantandwhattheyaregivenB.whattheyhearandwhattheyareshownC.whattheyaretrainedtodoandwhatistestedD.whattheyarefamiliarwithandwhatisdisplayedWhatisCliveattitudetowardthestudy’sfindings?A.Skeptical.B.Indifferent.C.Sympathetic.D.Supportive.【答案】8.D9.C10.BA【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家們?nèi)绾瓮ㄟ^腦電波測(cè)量來研究狗是否能夠理解人類語言中的具體詞匯?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的句子“Butsciencehashadtroubledeterminingwhetherdogsreallyactivateamentalimageintheirmindswhentheyhearthenameofanobject.(但是，當(dāng)狗聽到一個(gè)物體的名字時(shí)，科學(xué)很難確定它們是否真的在腦海中激活了一個(gè)心理圖像。)”可知，科學(xué)家們一直困惑的是，當(dāng)狗聽到某個(gè)物體的名字時(shí)，它們是否會(huì)在腦海中激活一個(gè)心理圖像。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的句子“Thestudyinvolved18dogsandaprocedureusingelectrodesattachedtodogs’headstomeasurebrainactivityandregisterbrainwaves.(這項(xiàng)研究涉及18只狗，并使用連接在狗頭上的電極來測(cè)量大腦活動(dòng)并記錄腦電波。)”可知，研究人員通過在狗的頭部附著電極來測(cè)量大腦活動(dòng)和腦電第8頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)波。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的句子“expectedthatifadogreallyunderstandsthemeaningoftheobject’sword,itwillexpecttoseethatobject.Andiftheownershowsadifferentone,therewillbeaso-calledsurprisereactioninthebrain(示不同的物體，大腦就會(huì)產(chǎn)生所謂的驚訝反應(yīng))”可知，狗的大腦中的“驚訝反應(yīng)”是由聽到的內(nèi)容和展示的物體不匹配引起的。故選B項(xiàng)。【題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的句子“Behavioralscientistandprofessorofpsychology,ClivesaidinapostonFacebookthathebelievesthatallthestudyshowsisthatdogsrespondtostimuli(刺激)—butthattheydon’tactuallyunderstandthemeaningofspecificwords.(行為科學(xué)家和心理學(xué)教授克萊夫?韋恩在Facebook上發(fā)表的一篇文章中說，他認(rèn)為所有的研究都表明，狗對(duì)刺激有反應(yīng)，但它們實(shí)際上并不理解特)Clive理解具體詞匯的含義。故選A項(xiàng)。Dhavemorewaystoaccessmusicthanatanytimeinhistoryandawholeworldofunfamiliarstylestoexplore.Thethrillofdiscoveringnewsongsandnewsoundscanenrichpeopleofallages.Except,mostofthetime,itdoesn’t.Ourwillingnesstoexplorenew,unfamiliarmusicdeclineswithage.Academicshavecoinedtheterm“open-earedness”todescribethisphenomenon.Untilaroundtheageofchildrenaregenerallyhappytoengagewithunfamiliarmusic.Earlyadolescenceseesareductioninopen-earedness,butisaccompaniedbyanintenseincreaseininterestinmusicmoregenerally.Open-earednessincreasesslightlyduringyoungadulthood,andthendeclinesasweage.Amajorstudyinvolvingmorethan250,000participantsconfirmedthesechangingbehaviors.Italsoshowedthatthesignificancewegivetomusicafteradolescencedeclines,andtheamountofmusicwelistentoreducesfromahighpointof20%ofourwakingtimeduringadolescence,to13%inadulthood.Researchershavedifferenttheoriestoaccountforthesetrends.Oneexplanationforage-basedreductioninmusicconsumptionsimplyassumesthatresponsibility-burdenedadultsmayhavelessfreetimeattheirdisposal(自由支配)toexploretheirmusicalintereststhanyoungerpeople.Someinterprettheobserveddeclineinmusicengagementintermsofpsychosocialmaturation.Adolescentsusemusicasanidentitymarkerandengagewithittonavigatesocialcircles.Adultshavedevelopedpersonalities第9頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)andestablishedsocialgroups.Assuch,driverstoengagewithnewmusicarelessened.Someresearchersarguethatweshouldn’tuseaperson’sagetopredictiftheirmusicaltastewillstaythesame,withoutfirstthinkingabouthowweenjoyandusemusicatdifferentstagesofourlives.tendtobeveryawareofwhattheyarelisteningto.Adultswhousemusicasmotivationoraccompanimentforactivitiessuchasexerciseorhouseholdchoresmaybelessconsciousoftheextenttowhichtheyactuallydolistentonewmusic.12.Whatdoestheterm“open-earedness”refertointhepassage?A.Theabilitytoplaymusic.B.Thewillingnesstoexplorenewmusic.C.Theinterestinmusicduringadolescence.D.Thesignificanceofmusicindailylife.13.Accordingtothestudy,howdoestheamountofmusiclistenedtochangeasweage?A.Itremainsconsistentthroughoutlife.B.Itincreasesfromchildhoodtoadulthood.C.Itpeaksduringadolescenceandthendecreases.D.Itgraduallydeclinesfromchildhoodtoadulthood.14.Whatfactorissuggestedasonecauseforareducedinterestinnewmusicaspeopleage?A.Anincreaseinhearingsharpness.B.Lesssparetimeduetoresponsibilities.C.Anintensedecreaseininterestinmusic.D.Changesinpersonalityandsocialgroups.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.MusicConsumption:ALifelongJourney.B.FactorsInfluencingMusicEngagementinAdults.C.AdolescentsandMusic:IdentityandExploration.D.DeclineofOpen-Earedness:AgeMusicExploration.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要說明了探索新的陌生音樂的意愿會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而下降這一現(xiàn)象并分析了其原因?！?2題詳解】第10頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Ourwillingnesstoexplorenew,unfamiliarmusicdeclineswithage.(我們探索新的、不熟悉的音樂的意愿隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而下降。)”和第二段“Academicshavecoinedtheterm“open-earedness”todescribethisphenomenon.(學(xué)者們創(chuàng)造了“open-earedness)”可知，open-earedness指的是探索新音樂的意愿。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Italsoshowedthatthesignificancewegivetomusicafteradolescencedeclines,andtheamountofmusicwelistentoreducesfromahighpointof20%ofourwakingtimeduringadolescence,to13%inadulthood.(占清醒時(shí)間的20%的高點(diǎn)下降到成年后的13%)”可知，研究表明，聽音樂的數(shù)量在青春期達(dá)到頂峰，然后下降。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Oneexplanationforage-basedreductioninmusicconsumptionsimplyassumesthatresponsibility-burdenedadultsmayhavelessfreetimeattheirdisposal(自由支配)toexploretheirmusicalintereststhanyoungerpeople.(一種對(duì)基于年齡的音樂消費(fèi)量減少的解釋簡(jiǎn)單地假設(shè)，承擔(dān)責(zé)任的成年人可能比年輕人有更少的自由時(shí)間來探索他們的音樂興趣。)”可知，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，人們對(duì)新音樂的興趣下降的一個(gè)原因是由于責(zé)任而導(dǎo)致的空閑時(shí)間減少。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ourwillingnesstoexplorenew,unfamiliarmusicdeclineswithage.(我們探索新的、不熟悉的音樂的意愿隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而下降。)”和第二段Academicshavecoinedtheterm“open-earedness”todescribethisphenomenon.(學(xué)者們創(chuàng)造了“open-earedness)”和以及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，研究表明，我們探索新的、不熟悉的音樂的意愿隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而下降，學(xué)者們創(chuàng)造了open-earedness一詞來描述這種現(xiàn)象，并解釋了導(dǎo)致這種現(xiàn)象的原因。由此可知，D.DeclineofOpen-Earedness:AgeMusicExploration(open-earedness)適合做本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Praiseislikesunlighttothehumanspirit:wecannotflowerandgrowwithoutit.Andyet,whilemostofusareonlytooreadytoapplytoothersthecoldwindofcriticism,wearesomehowreluctanttogiveourfellowsthewarmsunshineofpraise.___16___Perhapsit’sbecausefewofusknowhowtoacceptcomplimentsgracefully.Instead,weare第11頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)embarrassedandshrugthewordswearereallysogladtohear.Becauseofthisdefensivereaction,directcomplimentsaresurprisinglydifficulttogive.Thatiswhysomeofthemostvaluedpatsonthebackarethosewhichcometousindirectly,inaletterorpassedonbyafriend.It’sespeciallyrewardingtogivepraiseinareasinwhichgenerallygoesunnoticedorunmentioned.___17___Acookispraisedforaperfectmeal.Butdoyouevertellyourlaundrymanagerhowpleasedyouarewhentheshirtsaredonejustright?Doyoueverpraiseyourpaperboyforgettingthepapertoyouontime365daysayear?Praiseisparticularlyappreciatedbythosedoingroutinejobs:gasstationattendants,waitresses-evenhousewives.___18___Sincesooftenpraiseistheonlywageahousewifereceives,surelysheofallpeopleshouldgethermeasure.___19___Itonlytakesamoment’sthoughtandamoment’sperhapsaquickphonecalltopassonacompliment,orfiveminutesspentwritinganappreciativeletter.Itissuchasmallinvestmentandyetconsidertheresultsitmayproduce.___20___So,let’sbealerttothesmallexcellencesaroundusandcommentonthem.willnotonlybringjoyintootherpeople’slives,butalso,veryoften,addhappinessintoourown.A.areaccustomedtoacceptingpraise.B.Astudentisignoreddespitehisgoodwork.C.givepraisecoststhegiveralmostnothing.DIt’sstrangehowcautiousweareaboutpraisingE.Shakespearesaid,“Ourpraisesareourwages.”F.Anartistgetscomplimentedforagloriouspicture.G.“Icanlivefortwomonthsonagoodcompliment,”saidMark【答案】16.D17.F18.E19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了贊美別人所帶來的好處。【16題詳解】分析設(shè)空可知，空處位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Instead,weareembarrassedandshrugthewordswearereallysogladtohear.Becauseofthisdefensivereaction,directcomplimentsaresurprisinglydifficulttogive.Thatiswhysomeofthemostvaluedpatsonthebackarethosewhichcometousindirectly,in第12頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)aletterorpassedonbyafriend.(相反，我們感到尷尬，對(duì)我們真正高興聽到的話不屑一顧。由于這種防御反應(yīng)，直接的贊美是非常困難的。這就是為什么一些最有價(jià)值的鼓勵(lì)是來自于間接的，來自于一封信或朋友的傳遞)D項(xiàng)“It’sstrangehowcautiousweareaboutpraising.(奇怪的是，我們對(duì)贊美是如此謹(jǐn)慎)”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“It’sespeciallyrewardingtogivepraiseinareasinwhichgenerallygoesunnoticedorunmentioned.(在那些努力通常被忽視或不被提及的領(lǐng)域給予表?yè)P(yáng)尤其有益)”可知，本段主要講述了給那些Acookispraisedforaperfectmeal.(廚師因一頓完美的飯菜而受到表?yè)P(yáng))F項(xiàng)“Anartistgetscomplimentedforagloriouspicture.(一位藝術(shù)家因一幅輝煌的畫而受到稱贊)”符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Sincesooftenpraiseistheonlywageahousewifereceives,surelysheofallpeopleshouldgethermeasure.(既然贊美常常是一個(gè)家庭主婦唯一得到的報(bào)酬，那么她當(dāng)然應(yīng)該得到她應(yīng)得的報(bào)酬)”可知，贊美E項(xiàng)“Shakespearesaid,“Ourpraisesareourwages.”(莎士比亞說過:“贊)”后句是對(duì)本句的進(jìn)一步說明，符合文意，其中wage為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】分析設(shè)空可知，空處位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Itonlytakesamoment’sthoughtandamoment’sperhapsaquickphonecalltopassonacompliment,orfiveminutesspentwritinganappreciativeletter.Itissuchasmallinvestmentandyetconsidertheresultsitmayproduce.(這只需要片刻的思考和片刻的努力，也許是一個(gè)快速的電話傳遞贊美，或花五分鐘寫一封感激的信。這是一筆很小的投資，但考慮一下它可能產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果)”可知，贊美他人不需要什么代價(jià)，所以C項(xiàng)“givepraisecoststhegiveralmostnothing.(給予贊美者幾乎不需要付出任何代價(jià))”符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】Itissuchasmallinvestmentandyetconsidertheresultsitmayproduce.(這是一筆很小的投資，但考慮一下它可能產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果)”可知，后G項(xiàng)““Icanlivefortwomonthsonagoodcompliment,”saidMark馬克·吐溫說過：)”符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用共一節(jié)滿分分)第一節(jié)完形填空共小題每小題1分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳第13頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)選項(xiàng)。Notlongafteradestructivewildfireforcedherfamilytoleavetheirhome,10-year-oldEmorybrokedown.Likemanyofherpeers,shewassuddenly____21____fromschool,herneighborhood,anddailyroutines.helpher____22____,hermothersignedherupforafreedaycamporganizedbyProject:Camp,aprogramthatspecificallyhelpschildrencopewiththestressofdisruptedroutinesafter____23____.Theprojectbelievesbyprovidingasenseof____24____andnormalcy(常態(tài)),childrencanlowertheir____25____levelsandreturntoaroutine.Onlythencantheystarttocreateanarrative(敘事)aroundwhathashappened,sothatthey____26____thatsomethinghashappenedandthatthey’resafe,thus____27____theiruncertaintyandfear.Besides____28____daycampactivities,suchasartsandcrafts,andgamesliketug(拔河),theprogramotheractivitiesthatwerespeciallydesignedtohelpkidsdealwithpsychologicalsuffering.Mentalhealthprofessionalswereonsitetohelp____29____emotionalissueswhentheycameupforkids.ChildrenultimatelyguidetheprogramatProject:Camp,whiletheadultsallowthemthe_____30_____totalkthroughfeelingsthatmightarisethroughouttheday.Therearefrequent_____31_____wellnesschecks,duringwhichkidsare_____32_____toratetheirfeelingsfrom1to10.“Gratitudecircles”invitekidstosharewhatmakesthem_____33_____.Exerciseslikethesecangivekidsopportunitiestohavetheirown_____34_____heard.ForEmory,hertimeatthecampgaveherachanceto_____35_____withfriendswhileherschoolwaspaused,lettinghersimplybeakidagainwithoutworries.21.A.cutB.setfreeC.leftoutD.broughtback22.A.recallB.recoverC.balanceD.focus23.A.disastersB.diseasesC.conflictsD.injuries24.A.purposeB.reliefC.belongingD.safety25.A.riskB.violenceC.stressD.expectation26.A.imagineB.decideC.repeatD.understand27.A.confirmingB.ratingC.endingD.admitting28.A.outdoorB.typicalC.creativeD.cultural29.A.addressB.presentC.provideD.motivate30.A.energyB.wisdomC.powerD.space31.A.digitalB.physicalC.mentalD.formal32.A.paidB.encouragedC.forcedD.seen第14頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)33.A.hopefulB.joyfulC.gratefulD.peaceful34.A.storyB.planC.dreamD.opinion35.A.competeB.campC.connectD.study【答案】21A22.B23.A24.D25.C26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.B33.C34.A35.C【解析】10歲的EmoryProject:Camp對(duì)災(zāi)難后生活規(guī)律被打亂所帶來的壓力，通過提供安全感和常態(tài)感，降低孩子壓力，助其正視所發(fā)生的事，消除不確定和恐懼。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：和許多同齡人一樣，她突然失去了上學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)，與所在社區(qū)的聯(lián)系也被切斷，日常的生活秩序也變得混亂無序。A.cut隔絕，切斷；B.setfree釋放；C.leftout被忽視；D.broughtback帶回。根據(jù)前文“Notlongafteradestructivewildfireforcedherfamilytoleavetheirhome,10-year-oldEmorybrokedown.cutfromA項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】Project:Camp”組織的免費(fèi)日間營(yíng)地——這個(gè)項(xiàng)目專門幫助兒童應(yīng)對(duì)災(zāi)難后生活秩序被打亂帶來的壓力。A.recall回憶；B.recover恢復(fù)；C.balance平D.focusbrokedownrecover”（恢復(fù)）符合“從災(zāi)難影響中調(diào)整過來”的邏輯，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】Project:Camp”組織的免費(fèi)日間營(yíng)地——這個(gè)項(xiàng)目專門幫助兒童應(yīng)對(duì)災(zāi)難后生活秩序被打亂帶來的壓力。A.disasters災(zāi)難；B.diseases疾病；C.conflictsD.injuries傷害。根據(jù)前文“destructivewildfiredisasters難）是對(duì)野火這類事件的概括，符合項(xiàng)目針對(duì)“災(zāi)難后兒童”的定位，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該項(xiàng)目認(rèn)為，通過提供安全感和常態(tài)感，兒童可以降低壓力水平，恢復(fù)日常生活節(jié)奏。A.purpose目的；B.relief緩解；C.belonging歸屬感；D.safetyNotlongafter第15頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)adestructivewildfireforcedherfamilytoleavetheirhome,10-year-oldEmorybrokedown.”以及后文“normalcy”可知，災(zāi)難會(huì)讓兒童失去“安全感”，所以要提供安全感，故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該項(xiàng)目認(rèn)為，通過提供安全感和常態(tài)感，兒童可以降低壓力水平，恢復(fù)日常生活節(jié)奏。A.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；B.violence暴力；C.stress壓力；D.expectationcopewiththestress”可知，通過提供安全感和常態(tài)感，兒童可以降低壓力水平，故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：只有這樣，他們才能開始梳理所發(fā)生的事情，從而理解已經(jīng)發(fā)生了什么，并且知道自己是安全的，進(jìn)而消除不確定性和恐懼。A.imagine想象；B.decide決定；C.repeat重復(fù)；D.understandcreateanarrativearoundwhathashappenedunderstand”（理解）符合“從混亂中理清思路、獲得認(rèn)知”的過程，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：只有這樣，他們才能開始梳理所發(fā)生的事情，從而理解已經(jīng)發(fā)生了什么，并且知道自己是安全的，進(jìn)而消除不確定性和恐懼。A.confirmingB.ratingC.endingD.admitting承認(rèn)。根據(jù)前文“sothatthey...thatsomethinghashappenedandthatthey’resafe”可知，兒童理ending緒消失”的邏輯，故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：除了典型的日間營(yíng)地活動(dòng)，如手工制作、拔河等游戲，該項(xiàng)目還提供其他專門設(shè)計(jì)的活動(dòng)，幫助兒童應(yīng)對(duì)心理創(chuàng)傷。A.outdoor戶外的；B.typical典型的，傳統(tǒng)的；C.creative有創(chuàng)意的；D.cultural文化的。根據(jù)后文“artsandcrafts,andgamesliketag”可知，手工、拔河是營(yíng)地“典型的、常見的”活動(dòng)，故選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：心理健康專業(yè)人員會(huì)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，當(dāng)兒童出現(xiàn)情緒問題時(shí)，幫助解決這些問題。A.addressB.presentC.provideD.motivateemotionalissues”可address”（處理）符合“專業(yè)人員應(yīng)對(duì)心理問題”的動(dòng)作，故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】Project:Camp傾訴一天中可能產(chǎn)生的情緒。A.energy能量；B.wisdom智慧；C.power力量；D.space空間。根據(jù)前文第16頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)“ChildrenultimatelyguidetheprogramatProject:Camp”可知，成人不主導(dǎo)，而是給予兒童“表達(dá)情緒的空space”（空間）符合“尊重兒童主導(dǎo)權(quán)、不干預(yù)的支持方式”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：項(xiàng)目會(huì)頻繁進(jìn)行心理健康檢查，在此過程中，鼓勵(lì)兒童將自己的情緒從1到10打分。A.digital數(shù)字的；B.physical身體的；C.mental心理的；D.formal正式的。前文提到“幫助兒心，故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：項(xiàng)目會(huì)頻繁進(jìn)行心理健康檢查，在此過程中，鼓勵(lì)兒童將自己的情緒從1到10A.paidB.encouragedC.forcedD.seenratetheirfeelingsfrom1to10.encouraged”（鼓勵(lì)）符合“溫和引導(dǎo)而非強(qiáng)迫”的心理健康支持方式，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】A.hopeful有希望的；B.joyfulC.gratefulD.peacefulGratitudecircles”可知，感恩圈中分享讓他們grateful”（感恩的）是對(duì)應(yīng)形容詞，符合活動(dòng)主題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的活動(dòng)能給兒童機(jī)會(huì)，讓他們的故事被傾聽。A.story故事；B.plan計(jì)劃；C.dream夢(mèng)想；D.opinioncreateanarrativearoundwhathashappened發(fā)生的事，就是讓他們的“故事“被傾聽，故選A項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)埃默里來說，營(yíng)地時(shí)光讓她在學(xué)校停課時(shí)有機(jī)會(huì)和朋友建立聯(lián)系，讓她能再A.competeB.campC.connectD.studyconnectwithfrie