第1題Hypokalemiagenerallydoesnotmanifestas()AalkalosisBalkalineurineCUwavesontheECGDfeelsickandvomitEDecreasedtendonreflexes第2題Patientswithmetabolicacidosisgenerallydonotpresentwith()AfacialflushingBincreasedheartrateCtakedeepandfastbreathsDUrineisneutralEketone-smellingbreath第3題Situationswherepotassiumchlorideshouldnotbesupplementedinmetabolicacidosisis()ADecreasedpotassiumlevelsinurineBUrineoutputlessthan30ml/hCUrineoutputexceeds60ml/hDUrineisacidicEUrineisalkaline第4題Thecorrectdailyamountofwaterandelectrolytesupplementationforfastingandwater-freeadultpatientsis()AWater2000~2500ml,sodium10g,potassiumchloride5gBWater2000~2500ml,sodium5g,potassiumchloride4gCWater3000~3500ml,sodium5g,potassiumchloride3gDWater1500~2000ml,sodium3g,potassiumchloride2gEWater1500~2000ml,sodium4g,potassiumchloride2g第5題Themainorganthatmaintainsfluidbalanceinthebodyis()AlungBbuffersystemCkidneyDskinEliver第6題Electrolytedisturbancesassociatedwithmetabolicalkalosisare()AHypokalemiaBHyperkalemiaCMagnesiumdeficiencyDHypercalcemiaEHypernatremia第7題Hypokalemicalkalosisoftenoccursin()AUremiaBGastrointestinaldecompressionCpostoperativeoliguriaDcrushtraumaEbloodtransfusion第8題Inpatientswithhypokalemia,iftheconditiondoesnotimproveafterpotassiumsupplementation,thefirstconsiderationshouldbelackof()AMagnesiumBPhosphorusCsodiumDChlorineEcalcium第9題Thefalseclinicalpresentationofhypokalemiais()AMyastheniaistheearliestclinicalmanifestationBtypicalECGchangesCOftencoexistswithmagnesiumdeficiencyDPolyuriacanoccurinseverecasesEAcidicurineinalkalosis第10題Male,45yearsold.Abdominaldistentionandvomitingforhalfayear,morethanintheafternoon,spitoutovernightfood,vomitislarge,Comfortableaftervomiting,duetoprolongedvomiting,inadditiontodehydration,itwillcause()AhypochloremichyperkalemicalkalosisBhypokalemicalkalosisCHypochloremichyperkalemicacidosisDhypochloremicacidosisEhypokalemicacidosis第11題Fullabdominaldistension,notendernessandnausea,started2daysagoTippingpain,disappearanceofbowelsounds,dailyurineoutputofabout1500ml,themostlikelycauseis()AHypokalemiaBhyponatremiaCHyperkalemiaDHypernatremiaEhypocalcemia第12題Theidealfluidforhypertonicdehydrationis()A5%sodiumbicarbonatesolutionB10%glucosesolutionC0.9%sodiumchloridesolutionD0.45%sodiumchloridesolutionEBalancedSaltSolution第13題()ofextracellularfluidinadultbodyweightA20%B25%C30%D35%E40%第14題Male,35yearsold,miner.Weight60kg.Trappedundergroundfor8days,hewasthirstyandmanicafterbeingrescued,hisweightdroppedto55kg,andhisserumsodiumwas155mmol/L.Heshouldbeinitiallydiagnosedas()AisotonicwaterdeficitBmilddehydrationCmoderatedehydrationDseveredehydrationEhypotonicwaterdeficit第15題Female,20yearsold.Repeatedvomitingfor15daysduetopyloricobstructioncausedbyduodenalulcerwasadmittedtothehospital.Themeasuredserumpotassiumvaluewas3mmol/L,andthearterialbloodpHwas7.5.Thepreferredtypeoffluidreplacementshouldbe()ALacticacid,potassiumchloridesolutionBPotassiumchloridesolutionCisotonicsalineDGlucosesalineEGlucosesaline,potassiumchloridesolution正確答案：E第16題Theidealfluidforisotonicdehydrationis()A5%sodiumbicarbonateBisotonicsalineCBalancedSaltSolutionD5%glucoseESmallmoleculedextran第17題Themaincationinextracellularfluidis()AK+BNa+CCa2+DMg2+EFe2+第18題Hypokalemiaisrarein()AchronicundereatingBcontinuousgastrointestinaldecompressionCalkalosisDacuterenalfailureEhighinfusionofglucoseandinsulin第19題Patientswithpyloricobstructionwhohavevomitedfor10days,BP90/75mmHg,serumpotassium3.1mmol/L,pH7.5,shouldbediagnosedfor()ArespiratoryacidosisBrespiratoryalkalosisCmetabolicacidosisDmetabolicalkalosisEMetabolicacidosiscombinedwithrespiratoryalkalosis第20題Fivedaysaftercolonrupturerepair,thepatient'sbloodsodiumwas136.0mmol/L,bloodpotassiumwas6.8mmol/L,bloodpHwas7.3,Theurineoutputinthepast24hoursis520ml,whichshouldbediagnosedas()AhypotonicdehydrationBhypertonicdehydrationCHypokalemiaDHyperkalemiaEHypokalemiawithisotonicdehydration第21題Theclinicalpresentationofisotonicwaterdeficitis()AShockwithshort-termfluidlossof3%ofbodyweightBShockisoftenaccompaniedbymetabolicacidosisCvisiblythirstyDLaboratoryexaminationshoweddecreasedserumNa+ELaboratoryexaminationshowedthatthespecificgravityofurinewasbelow1.010第22題Inhypokalemia,theearliestclinicalmanifestationis()AECGchangesBmuscleweaknessCsoremouth,nauseaDheartblockEabnormalheartrhythm第23題Themostcommondisorderofwaterandsodiummetabolisminsurgicalpatientsis()AprimarydehydrationBhypotonicwaterdeficitCisotonicwaterdeficitDhypertonicdehydrationEtoomuchwater第24題Correctionofisotonicwaterdeficitwithisotonicsalinealonecanleadto()AHypernatremiaBHyperchloremiaCtoomuchwaterDmetabolicalkalosisElowcalcium第25題Intheabsenceofmetabolicacidosistotheextentofcirculatoryfailure,thepreferredtreatmentshouldbe()AUsesodiumbicarbonateBusingsodiumlactateCUsePotassiumCitrateDUseTrisEImplementcausaltreatment正確答案：E第26題Theadultserumsodiumdetectionvalueis125mmol/L,andtheestimatedsodiumchloridedeficiencyperkilogramofbodyweightis()A0.25~0.45gB0.50~0.75gC0.80~1.00gD1.05~1.25gE1.30~1.50g第27題Thedetectionvalueofserumpotassiuminpatientswithintestinalobstructionis2.9mmol/L,whichisgenerallynotclinicallymanifestedas()AWeaknessoflimbsBSTsegmentdeclineCpaleskinDParadoxicalaciduriaEbitter第28題Female,50yearsold.Hewasadmittedtohospitalfor5daysofrepeatedvomiting.Serumsodium118mmol/L,pulse120beats/min,bloodPressure70/50mmHg.shouldbediagnosedas()AmildsodiumdeficiencyBmoderatesodiumdeficiencyCseveresodiumdeficiencyDmoderatedehydrationEseveredehydration第29題Therateofpotassiumsupplementationshouldgenerallynotexceed()perhourA10mmolB20mmolC30mmolD40mmolE50mmol第30題Hypotonicdehydrationmainlyrefersto()AlowbloodpotassiumBlowbloodcalciumClowbloodmagnesiumDlowbloodsodiumElowbloodphosphorus第1題Whichofthefollowingisnotanindicationforbloodtransfusion()AanemiaorhypoproteinemiaBweightlossCsevereinfectionDcoagulationmechanismdisorderEacutehemorrhage第2題Onetransfusionshouldnotexceed()A8hoursB4hoursC2hoursD6hoursE5hours第3題Thespeedofadultbloodtransfusionisgenerallycontrolledat()A5~10ml/minB1~2ml/minC3~4m|/minD5~8m|/minE2~4ml/min第4題Whichofthefollowingdiseasesiscausedbybloodtransfusion()AmalariaBhepatitisChypomagnesemiaDhypokalemiaEhypersplenism第5題Themostcommoncomplicationsofbloodtransfusion()AcycleoverloadBfeverreactionCallergicreactionDbacterialcontaminationreactionEhemolyticreaction第6題Nonhemolyticfebrilereactionafterbloodtransfusionmostlyoccursafterbloodtransfusion()A15minutesto2hoursB30minutesC2~3hoursD3~4hoursE5hours第7題Whatcanbeusedtoreplenishbloodvolumeis()AconcentratedredbloodcellsBcoldprecipitationCalbuminsolutionDimmunoglobulinEplatelet第8題Whatcanbeusedforrefractoryinfectionsis()AconcentratedredbloodcellsBcoldprecipitationCalbuminsolutionDimmunoglobulinEplatelet第9題Itcanincreasebloodvolumeandmaintainitfor6~12hours()AhydroxyethylstarchsubstituteplasmaBmediummoleculardextranClowmoleculardextranDalbuminsolutionEgammaglobulin第10題malepatients,70yearsold,30minafterbreathing,shortnessofbreath,cyanosis,coughandspittingfoamsputum,neckveinanger,lungcanhearalotofmoistrales.Heartrate130beats/min.Clinicaldiagnosisis()AheartfailureBhemolyticreactionCallergicreactionDbacterialcontaminationreactionEnoneoftheabove第11題Whatisreasonableforacutebloodlosstransfusion()Athebloodlossreaches20%ofthetotalbloodvolume,andconcentratedredbloodcellsandwholebloodaretransfusedBthebloodlossreached35%ofthetotalbloodvolume,andonlyconcentratedredbloodcellswereinfusedCbloodlossreaches15%ofthetotalbloodvolumeandconcentratedredbloodcellsaretransfusedDbloodlosslessthan20%oftotalbloodvolumecanbeconsideredwithoutbloodtransfusion第12題Theerrorduringbloodtransfusionis()ApayattentiontopreheatingduringneonatalbloodtransfusionBantibioticscanbeaddedtothebloodCflushthebloodtransfusionpipelinewithnormalsalinebeforeandafterbloodtransfusionDkeepthebloodbagfor2hoursafterbloodtransfusion第13題Intraoperativebloodlossandreinfusionofautotransfusiongenerallydonotexceed()A2000mlB3000mlC4000mlD2500ml第14題IncaseofmassivebleedingandHCTdecrease,thebloodlossexceeds()A20%B15%C30%D25%第15題Inprinciple,whenthewholebloodisnottransfused,thebloodlossislessthan()A20%B15%C30%D25%surgicalshockexercises第1題Thecommonfeatureofalltypesofshockisthat()AbloodpressuredropBDecreasedcentralvenouspressureCDecreasedpulsepressureDDecreasedurineoutputEInsufficientmicrocirculationperfusion正確答案：E第2題Theperformanceofshockcompensationperiodis

()ABloodpressurerisesslightly,pulseandpulsepressurearenormal.Bbloodpressuredecreasesslightly,pulseandpulsepressurearenormalCSlightlyhigherbloodpressure,fasterpulse,nochangeinpulsepressureDslightlyhigherbloodpressure,fasterpulse,smallerpulsecompressionEslightlylowerbloodpressure,fasterpulse,smallerpulsepressure第3題Themostsimpleandeffectiveindextoreflectthetissueperfusionvolumeofshockpatientsis()ABloodpressureBpulseCurinevolumeDconsciousnessElimbtemperature第4題Shockpatientswithlowbloodpressureandnormalcentralvenouspressureshouldbegivena()ACardiotonicsBdiureticsCvasodilatorsDvasoconstrictorsEalotofcorticosteroids第5題Itshouldbethefirstchoicetosupplementbloodvolumeforshockpatients()AWholebloodBplasmaClowmoleculardextranDbalancedsaltsolutionE5%glucosesolution第6題Thekeytotreatingshockis()ACorrectacid-baseimbalanceBsupplementbloodvolumeCmaintainimportantorganfunctionsDapplyvasoactivedrugsEapplyadrenocorticalhormone第7題Vasodilatoramustbeusedintheprocessofantishock()AAftersupplementingthebloodvolume,BuseincombinationwithvasoconstrictorCassoonaspossibleDlargedoseEcontinuousintravenousdrip第8題Thebloodpressureandcentralvenouspressureofshockpatientsarelow,indicating()ASeriousinsufficientbloodvolumeBcardiacinsufficiencyCexcessivevasoconstrictionDrelativelyexcessivebloodvolumeErelativelyinsufficientbloodvolume第9題Whataretheindicatorsreflectingthecriticalconditionofshockpatients()AApathyBhighfeverCfinepulsespeed120times/minDSystolicbloodpressureislowerthan10.7kpa(80mmHg)Emultiplepetechiaeandecchymosisspotsappearontheskin正確答案：E第10題Female,nervous,irritable,pale,reducedurineoutputandlowpulsepressure.Shouldbegivenfirst()AVasoconstrictorBvasodilatorCintravenousrehydrationDdiureticEcardiotonic第11題Male,afterseveretrauma,lowbloodpressure,rapidpulse,palecomplexion,diagnosedasshock.Whatshouldbepaidattentiontowhentreating()AOccurrenceofacuterenalfailureBrapidexpansionofbloodvolumeCtimelyuseofmannitolDavoidanceofvasoconstrictorsEtoxicityofdrugstovariousorgans第12題Male,post-traumatichemorrhage,irritability,clammyextremities,pulse105beats/min,lowpulsepressure.shouldbeconsideredas()AnoshockBEarlystageofshockCIntermediateshockDLateshockEDICformation第13題female.Forvolumeexpansiontherapyduetoshock,duringrapidinfusion,thecentralvenouspressureis1.47kPa(15cmH2O)BP10.7/8kPa(80/60mmHg).Themeasuretobetakenis()AMassinfusiontospeedupthespeedBControlthespeedandslowdowntheinfusionCSlowtheinfusionandaddinotropesDSuspendtheinfusionEwithvasopressors第14題Male,centralvenouspressure0.98kPa(10cmH2O),BP10.7/8kPa(80/60mmHg),afterrapidinstillationof250mlnormalsaline,centralvenouspressurewas1.47kPa(15cmH2O),BPwasstill10.7/8kPa(80/60mmHg).promptthepatient()AseverehypovolemiaBmildhypovolemiaCcardiacinsufficiencyDvolumevasoconstrictionEhypervolemia第15題Theshockeasilycausedbyacuteintestinalobstructionis()AHemorrhagicshockBAnaphylacticshockCHypovolemicshockDNeurogenicshockECardiogenicshock第16題Thestageofclinicalshockisequivalenttothestageofpathophysiologyofshock()AMicrocirculatoryspasmBMicrocirculationexpansionperiodCMicrocirculationfailurestageDNormalmicrocirculationEMicrocirculationcompensationperiod第17題Observetheurinevolumeofshockpatients,indicatingthattheminimumsuitablefortissueperfusionis()A10ml/hB20ml/hC30ml/hD40ml/hE50ml/h第18題Whatshouldbethefirstchoicetosupplementbloodvolumeinhemorrhagicshock()AWholebloodBEquilibriumsaltsolutionCLowmoleculardextranD10%glucosesolutionE5%sodiumbicarbonate第19題Whatmustbedonewithvasodilatorsinshock()AAlternatewithvasoconstrictorsBDiastolicbloodpressurenotlessthan60mmhgCNormalcardiacfunctionDBloodvolumesupplementEShrinkagepressure90mmHg第20題Withregardtothecareofshockpatients,thefollowingisincorrect()ARoutineoxygensupplyBEstablishunobstructedvenouschannelsCObservevitalsignsDRecordincomingandoutgoingvolumeEVasoconstrictorsweregivenroutinely正確答案：E第21題Inordertoincreaseplasmaosmoticpressureandcirculatingbloodvolume,thesolutiontobeselectedis

(

)A5%glucoseB0.9%normalsalineCLowmoleculardextranD10%glucosesolutionE5%sodiumbicarbonate第22題Malepatient,45yearsold,duodenalulcer,suddenmassivevomiting,about700mlofblood,irritability,palecomplexion,wetandcoldskin,BP104/90mmHg,P102times/minute,whichbelongsto()AEarlyshockBShockstageCLateshockDNoshockoccurredECollapse第23題Ashockpatienthasdyspneaandcyanosis,nochangeinoxygensupply,andPaO2continuestodecreaseto51mmhg.Itisnecessarytotakethecorrectmeasures()ASufficientvolumeexpansiontospeedupinfusionBTheinfusionismainlycolloidalsolutionCContinuousinhalationofpureoxygenDOxygensupplywithoutpositiveexpiratorypressureEApplicationofpressor第24題Forashockpatient,thebloodpressurerisesto130/80mmHg,theCVPreaches10cmh2o,andtheurinevolumeis15ml/h.Inordertoincreasetheurinevolume,weshould()ABloodtransfusionBContinuetoraisebloodpressurewithpressordrugsCIncreaseinfusionvolumeDUsevasodilatorsanddiureticsEUsecardiotonic第25題Thepatient,male,40yearsold,isinsepticshockandisundergoingrapidinfusion.CVP(centralvenouspressure)18cmh2o,BP80/60mmhgandurinevolume20ml/haremonitored.Whatshouldbedone()AInfusionattheoriginalspeedplusdiureticsBSlowinfusionCAcceleratedinfusionDSlowdowntheinfusionandgivecardiotonicEMaintainthestatusquo第26題intheearlystageofhypovolemicshock,themostvulnerableorganis()AHeartBLiverCSpleenDLungsEKidney正確答案：E第27題Oliguriaintheearlystageofshockisdueto()AOrganicrenalfailureBPrerenalrenalfailureCRenalfailureDPostrenalrenalfailureEAcuterenalfailurewithdysfunctionandtubularnecrosis第28題Ischemiaandhypoxiaoftissuecellsduringshockwillinevitablyleadto()AHypercapniaBLacticacidaccumulationCKetonebodyaccumulationDRespiratoryalkalosisEMetabolicalkalosis第29題themostcommoncauseofsepticshockis()AGrampositivebacteriaBGramnegativebacteriaCVirusDSpirocheteEFungi第30題Thecharacteristicsofarterialbloodpressurechangesintheearlystageofshockare()ARiseBReduceCThechangeisnotobviousDFirstdownandthenupEFirstupandthendown第31題Theoccurrenceofheartfailureduringshockisnotrelatedtowhichofthefollowingmechanisms()ADecreasedcoronarybloodflowBIncreasedmyocardialoxygenconsumptionCFrontloadincreaseDAcidosisandhyperkalemiainhibitmyocardiumEMultipletoxicfactorsinhibitmyocardiumSurgicalcriticalcareexercises第1題Whichoneofthefollowingisnotthecauseforacuterespiratoryfailure()APulmonarycontusionBPneumothoraxCChemicalintoxicationDPneumoconiosisEBraintrauma第2題Whichoneofthefollowingisnotthecauseofrespiratoryfailure()AVentilationobstructioninducedbyairwayobstructionandspasmBDrug-inducedinhibitionofrespiratorycenterCRespiratorymovementparalysiscausedbymyastheniagravisandpolyneuritisDIncreasedintracranialpressureinhibitedrespiratorycenterErespirationinhibitioncausedbysingleribfracture正確答案：E第3題Thepupilreflexcenterlocatedin()AMidbrainBLateralhypothalamicareaCThalamicsensoryrelaynucleusDBasalganglionESuprachiasmaticnucleusneuronsofhypothalamus第4題Whichoneofthefollowingisnotthelevelofconsciousness()AAlertBResponsivetoverbalstimuliCResponsivetopainfulstimuliDUnresponsiveEComa正確答案：E第5題Whichoneofthefollowingisnotthecauseofshock()AHypovolemicBNeurogenicCSepticDCardiogenicEAcidosis正確答案：E第6題Whichoneofthefollowingisnotthecauseforsmallpupil()AMetabolicacidosisBDiencephalondamageCMidbraindamageDPonsdamageEDrugintoxication第7題Whichoneofthefollowingiswrong()ASIRSisdefinedastwoormoreofthefollowing:Temperature>38°Cor90beats/min;Respiratoryrate>20breaths/minorPaCO2<32mmHg;WBCcount>12,000or<4000mm3BSepsisisdefinedasSIRS+documentedinfectionCSeveresepsisisdefinedassepsis+organdysfunctionorhypoperfusionDSeveresepsisisdefinedassepsis+organdysfunctionorhypopertensionESepticshockisdefinedassepsis+organdysfunction+hypotensionPerioperativeManagementexercises第1題Thewrongthingaboutpreoperativepreparationis

（

）AThemedicalstaffintroducedtheconditionandtreatmentplantothepatientsandtheirfamilies

BPracticedefecationandurinationinbedCPracticethecorrectwayofcoughingandexpectoratingDQuitsmoking2weeksinadvanceEProphylacticapplicationofantibiotics3weeksinadvance正確答案：E第2題Themainpurposeofroutinefastingbeforeoperationis()AAvoidgastricdistensionandhindertheoperationBPreventvomitingandaspirationduringperioperativeperiodCPreventpostoperativeabdominaldistensionDPreventpostoperativeintestinalparalysisEPreventpostoperativeconstipation第3題Forpatientswithrecentmyocardialinfarction,theappropriatetimetoperformelectivesurgeryshouldbeatleastaftertheconditionisstable()A1monthB2monthsC3monthsD5monthsE6monthsormore正確答案：E第4題Whatiswrongwiththepreoperativepreparationofpatientsundergoinggastrointestinalsurgery()AStarttotakeliquiddiet1~2daysbeforeoperationBFastingwasstarted8hoursbeforeoperation,andwaterwasforbidden4hoursbeforeoperationCGastrointestinaldecompressioncanbeperformedwhennecessaryDGenerally,enemawithsoapwateronedaybeforeoperationECleanenemashouldbeperformedincolorectalsurgery第5題Forpatientswithdiabetes,whatisinappropriateinpreoperativepreparation()APreoperativebloodglucosecontrolandstabilizationBCorrectelectrolytemetabolismdisorderandacidosisbeforeoperationCPreoperativeurinesugarcanbebetween+~++DTheoperationshouldbecarriedoutassoonaspossibletoshortenthepreoperativefastingtimeandavoidketonebodyformationEPreoperativebloodglucosewascontrolledtothenormalrange正確答案：E第6題Benefitsofgettingoutofbedearlyaftersurgery,excluding()AReducepulmonarycomplicationsBReducevenousthrombosisoflowerlimbsCReducewoundinfectionDItisconducivetotherecoveryofintestinalfunctionandreducetheoccurrenceofabdominaldistensionEItisbeneficialtotherecoveryofbladderfunctionandreducetheoccurrenceofurinaryretention第7題Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaffectpostoperativewoundhealing?()AExcessiveuseofelectriccauterytostopbleedingduringoperationBThetensionofthewoundistoohighCInsufficienthemostasisDIndwellingdrainageEWoundedgevarus第8題Themostcommoncauseofearlypulmonaryinsufficiencyaftermajorabdominalsurgeryis()AAspirationofgastriccontentsBBronchospasmCAtelectasisDPneumothoraxEPulmonaryedema第9題Themaincausesofpostoperativeabdominaldistensionare()AGasproducedbybacterialmetabolismBThegasintheblooddiffusesintotheintestinalcavityCIntestinalperistalsisisinhibitedDGasesproducedbytissuemetabolismEAbdominalincisionpain第10題Female,62yearsold,diagnosedwithgastriccancer,bloodpressure150/95mmhg,moderateanemia,emaciation,whichpreoperativepreparationisnotnecessary()ACorrectanemiaBImprovenutritionalstatusCDetectliverfunctionDBloodpressuredropstonormalEBloodbiochemicalexaminationTraumaexercises第1題Whichisthefirstcauseofdeathamongpeopleunder46yearsofageallovertheworld?()ATumorBCardiacarrestCHomicideDSuicideETrauma正確答案：E第2題Combinedinjuriesreferstotheinjurycausedby()injuryfactor()actingonhumanbodyatthesametimeorsuccessively.AOneBTwoCThreeDFour第3題Whichisnotbelongtotheclassificationaccordingtothepatternsofpenetratingwound?()ATangentialWoundBColdweaponWoundCPerforatingWoundDRicochetWoundECareeningWound第4題Thedeterminationfactor()oftissuerepairmethodsisorare()ATheinjurysiteBTheinjurymechanismCThehealthyconditionofhumanbodyDTypesoftissuedamagedandseverityoftheinjury第5題Whichisnotbelongtothebasicprocessoftissuerepair?()AInflammatoryresponseBTissuehyperplasiaCGranulationformationDWoundcontractionandscarformationERegeneration正確答案：E第6題Ifthehealingofawoundthatissmall,clean,freeofinfection,andproducesnoorlittlegranulationtissue,typicallyinthecaseofsurgicalincisionhealing,wecallit:()AHealingbyPrimaryintentionBHealingbySecondaryintentionCHealingbyNewintentionDHealingbyThirdintention第7題Whichisnotbelongtothebasiccompositionofemergencycaresystem?()APre-hospitalemergencycareBEmergencyresuscitationCIn-hospitalemergencycareDPost-hospitalemergencycare第8題Whichisnotbelongtothefourkeyprioritiesofinitialapproachtotheinjuredpatientinthepre-hospitalsetting?()ASceneEvaluation.BInitialassessment.CTriage-transportdecision.DCriticalinterventionsandTransportation.EAED第9題WhichisnotbelongtothehighqualityCPRcriteria?()ACompressionrate:100-120Compressionperminute.BCompressiondepth:atleast5cmor5cmto6cm.CAllowfullrecoilaftereachcompression.DMinimizepausesincompression.ECompressionrate:80-120Compressionperminute正確答案：E第10題WhichisnotbelongtoinitialassessmentaccordingtothemnemonicABCDE?()AAirwayandcervicalspineprotectionBBloodpressureCCirculationDDisabilityorneurologicconditionEExposureandenvironmentalcontrolBurns,FrostbiteandInsectBitesexercises第1題Skinisthelargestorganinthebody,takingweight:()A10%~13%B14%~17%C18%~21%D22%~25%E26%~28%第2題Themostimportantinjury-causingfactorsofburnsare:()AheatingpowerBelectricenergyCchemicalsubstancesDradiationEmagneticfield第3題Burnshockbelongsto:()AhemorrhagicshockBhypovolemicshockCbacterialsepticshockDtoxicshockEPain-inducedshock第4題Themainmeansofburnshockresuscitationare:()AUsemorphinetorelievethepainBRaiseyourbloodpressurewithdopamineCFastandhigh-qualityfluidrehydrationDTracheostomyorendotrachealintubationEKeepwarmwithafar-infraredbakinglamp第5題Thecolloidthattheburnshockfluidrecoversworksbest?()ADextranBMedium-moleculardextranCHumanblood-albumininjectionDHumanbloodimmunoglobulininjectionEHumanbloodplasmaprovidedbyregularbloodstations正確答案：E第6題Whentheburnareameetswhichofthefollowingconditions,shockmayoccur,andfluidrehydrationresuscitationtreatmentisneeded?()AMorethan10%adultsand5%inchildrenBMorethan20%adultsandmorethan10%inchildrenCGreaterthan30%adultsandmorethan15%inchildrenDMorethan40%adultsandmorethan20%inchildrenEAdultsgreaterthan50%andchildrengreaterthan25%第7題Severeburnswithmoderateoraboveinhalationinjury,andresuscitationshouldbe:()ACalculatetheamountoffluidsupplementstrictlyaccordingtotheformulaBAddliquidrehydrationamountanddiureticdrugsstrictlyaccordingtotheformulaCCalculatetheamountoffluidsupplementationstrictlyaccordingtotheformula,andaddvascularexpansiondrugsDReducetheamountoffluidreplenishmentbasedonthecalculationamountoftheformulaEIncreasetheamountoffluidreplenishmentbasedonthecalculationamountoftheformula正確答案：E第8題Headandfacialburnsinchildren,becauseoftheirpathophysiologicalcharacteristics,theamountofresuscitationfluidsupplementcanreach:()A1.5ml/(%TBSA·kg)B1.8ml/(%TBSA·kg)C2.0ml/(%TBSA·kg)D3.0~4.0ml/(%TBSA·kg)E5.0ml/(%TBSA·kg)第9題Delayedresuscitationburnpatientsstillhaveacuterenalfailureafterregularrenalrehydrationtreatment.Themosteffectivemethodis:()AContinuetoincreasetheamountofcrystalcolloidalfluidreplenishmentBReducetheamountofcrystallinecolloidfluidimmediatelyCHemodialysisDAlkalizedurineEMannitoldiuresis第10題Whichofthefollowingchemicalsistypicalofburns:delayeddeeptissuepainandseverelowbloodcalcium?()AwhitephosphorusBsulphuricacidCcausticsodaDhydrofluoricacidEaqueousammonia第11題Whatfirstaidmeasureforchemicalpoisoningisthecombinationofnitriteandsodiumthiosulfate?()AhydrogennitrateBwhitephosphorusCformonitrileDshellEmustardgas第12題Whichchemicalsubstanceshouldnotbeexposedafterburns,andshouldnotbebandagedwithanoilydressing?()AhydrochloricacidBcarbolicacidCpitchDethylicacidEphosphorus正確答案：E第13題Thefollowingabbreviationrepresentsaninsulin-likegrowthfactor()AEGFBIGFCFGFDTGF—βEPDGF第14題Thefollowingabbreviationrepresentsamultiple-organdysfunctionsyndrome()AMOFBMSOFCSIRSDMODSECARS第15題Whichofthefollowingstatementsofliculouscholecystitisiswrong?()AItsoccurrenceanddevelopmentarecloselyrelatedtoseveresepsisBItsincidenceisnothighCItisassociatedwithbilestasisandbilesaltprecipitationresultingfromdehydrationaftersevereburnsDConservativetherapiessuchasanti-inflammatory