黑龍江省實驗中學2025-2026學年度高二學年上學期期中考試英語學科試題考試時間：120分鐘滿分：150分第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhenwillthemanmeetLisa?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.2.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Toplaceanorder.B.Tocomplainabouttheprice.C.Tocorrecttheproductdetails.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atahotel.C.Atarestaurant.4.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Nervous.B.Annoyed.C.Sad.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theopeninghoursofananimalshelter.B.Anopportunitytodovoluntarywork.C.Apart-timejobattheweekends.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatproblemdothespeakersface?A.Thecoffeetastesbad.B.Thecafeteriaistoofaraway.C.Thecoffeemachineisbroken.7.Whatwillthemandowiththeproblem?A.Callarepairman.B.Buyanewmachine.C.Changethecoffeebean.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WheredidShirleygetthetipsonavoidingbearattacks?A.Fromabook.B.FromaTVshow.C.Fromanonlinevideo.9.WhatdoesShirleylearntodowhenfacingabear?A.Climbupatalltree.B.Movebackwardslowly.C.Avoideyecontact.10.WhatdoweknowaboutShirley?A.Shelooksforwardtothehiking.B.Shefeelsunsafeinthesuburbs.C.Shemastersself-defenseskills.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatkindoftasksdoesStevethinkAIisgoodat?A.Creative.B.Complex.C.Routine.12.HowcanAIhelpdoctorsaccordingtoSteve?A.Increaseworkefficiency.B.Developtheirskills.C.Providetreatmentplans.13.WhatdoesStevemeanintheend?A.AIwillreplacemanyhumanjobs.B.HumansandAIshouldworktogether.C.AIdevelopmentshouldbeconsidered.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatwasthemaindifficultyduringDavid’sArcticproject?A.Equipmentfailures.B.Uncooperativeanimals.C.Windyandrainyconditions.15.WhatareDavid’sbookprofitsusedfor?A.Buyingphotographyequipment.B.Supportingwildlifeeducation.CProtectinganimals.16.WhathelpedDavidswitchtowildlifephotography?A.Hisjournalismdegree.B.Histeachingexperience.C.Hischildhoodlovefornature.17.WhatdidDavidthinkofteachingatthecamp?A.Simple.B.Rewarding.C.Troublesome.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.HowlongdidSuziespendclimbingtotheMt.QomolangmaBaseCampintotal?A.25hours.B.48hours.C.73hours.19.WhatdidSuziedoduringtheclimb?A.Sheadvancedwithundividedattention.B.Shetookpicturesofthescenery.C.Sheguidedherselftothecamp.20.Whydidn’tSuzieclimbtothepeak?A.Shewasafraidoftheheight.B.Shedidn’tbringenoughfood.C.Shelistenedtoherfamily’sadvice.第二部分閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分）第一節(jié)：（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAI&Theatre:ADiscussionattheLibraryforthePerformingArtsWiththedevelopmentoftechnology,thereisawideuseofAlinmanyaspectsofourlives.TheLibraryforthePerformingArtsinvitesyoutoanafternoondiscussionnextThursday.Inthediscussion,thehopeisneithertopromotenortodenigrate(貶低)AI—instead,lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthepotentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucialstageinitstechnologicaladvancement.SeatingPolicyProgramsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequestedaweekearlier.Registeredguestsaregivenpriorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeandholdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.Ifyouarriveaftertheprogramstarts,yourseatwillbearrangedataspecialplacebyourstaff.Foodordrinkisnotallowedinside.StandbyLineIfregistrationhasended,donotworry!Wewelcomeyoutothelibraryregardlessofregistrationstatusandyoucanwaitinourstandbyline.Fiveminutesbeforetheprogramstarts,allremainingseatsarereleasedtoattendeesinthestandbyline.Whilethisisnotguaranteed,wewilldoourbesttogetyouintoanyofourprograms.AssistiveListeningandInterpretationInterpretationinEnglishandthereal-timecaption(說明文字)areavailableonrequest.Pleasesubmityourrequestatleasttwoweeksinadvancebyemailingusataccessibility@.AudioandVideoRecordingProgramsmaybephotographedandrecordedbytheLibraryforthePerformingArts.Ifyouwouldpreferyourimagenottobephotographed,pleaseletusknowandwecanseatyouaccordingly.Pleasenotethatallrecordings,includingprofessionalvideorecordings,arenotallowedduringthediscussion.1.What’sthepurposeofthediscussion?A.TopromotetheapplicationofAI. B.ToshowthedisadvantagesofAI.C.ToexploretheinfluenceofAIontheater. D.Toappreciatethedevelopmentoftechnology.2.Howcanyouensureaseatatthediscussion?A.Payaregistrationfee. B.Signupforitaheadoftime.C.Waitinthestandbylineearlier. D.Contactthelibrarystaffadayahead.3.Whatcanpeopledoiftheyattendthediscussion?A.Holdaseatforafriend. B.Askforthereal-timecaption.C.Broadcastthediscussionlive. D.Takephotosduringthediscussion.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了TheLibraryforthePerfommingArts討論活動的相關(guān)注意事項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Inthediscussion,thehopeisneithertopromotenortodenigrate(貶低)AI—instead,lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthepotentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucialstageinitstechnologicaladvancement.(在討論中，我們希望既不推崇也不詆毀人工智能，相反，講座將允許聽眾就人工智能在技術(shù)進步的關(guān)鍵階段對戲劇的潛在影響進行公開討論。)”可知，該活動聚焦AI對戲劇演出的影響。故選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SeatingPolicy的內(nèi)容“Programsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequestedaweekearlier.Registeredguestsaregivenpriorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeandholdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.(課程是免費的，對所有人開放，但要求提前一周注冊。已登記的客人享有優(yōu)先權(quán)，可以在開始時間前15到30分鐘辦理登機手續(xù)，禁止為任何人占座。)”可知，提前一周登記參會可以得到被分配好的座位。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AssistiveListeningandInterpretation的內(nèi)容“InterpretationinEnglishandthereal-timecaption(說明文字)areavailableonrequest.(可應(yīng)要求提供英語翻譯和實時字幕。)”可知，參會者可以申請實時字幕。故選B。BIwastalkingtoafriendaboutplansforherpreschoolerCathy.TheirhomelanguageisEnglish,butmyfriend’sfatherisFrench,andIwonderedifshewouldletCathyattendthelocalFrenchimmersion(沉浸式)kindergarten.Shesurprisedmebysayingthatherdadadvisedagainstdoingthat,saying,“Youhaveaverybrightlittlegirlwho’scuriousabouteverything.Frenchisonlyonesubject.Youdon’tneedtomakeitthecenterofhereducationfortheimportantearlyyearsofschool.”Yes,therearemanybenefitsofspeakingmorethanonelanguage,butthatdoesn’tmeanit’salwaysagoodideatomakeyourkindergartenerreceiveanimmersionprogram.Ifyoulookup“secondlanguagelearning”,you’llseemuchabouttheadvantagesofbeingbilingual(雙語的)，mostlywrittentoadvertiselanguageschoolsandmaps.Butifyoudigdeeper,you’llhavetroublefindingsolidresearchintotheadvantagesofsecondlanguagelearning,otherthaninolderagegroupswhereitdoeshavestrongcognitive(認知的)benefits.Myclinicalexperiencewithkidsisconsistentwithmyfriend’sfather’sobservationandwiththfindingoftheBritishAcademythatsecondlanguagelearningcanbegreatforkids,butisn’talways.Idependsonalotofcomplexfactors.Forsomeyoungchildren,immersionclassesinFrenchorotherlanguagescanmakeschoolmoreinteresting,enrichingtheirlivesandenlargingtheirsenseoftheworld.Childrenwhoenterschoolwithstrongfirstlanguageandmathematicalskillscanenjoylearninganotherlanguage,findingnewwaysofunderstandingandthinkingaboutwhattheyhavealreadyknown.Forothers,theseprogramscanbecuriosity-crushing.I’veworkedwithmanyverysmartyoungkidswhoaredeeplyfrustratedatschoolbecausetheirscientific,technologica1,ormathematicalinterestsfaroutperformtheirabilitytodiscusstheirenthusiasminanewlanguage.Whenlookingforaschoolforyourpreschooler,considertheirindividuallearningneeds,strengthsandchallenges,andlookforwhatyouthinkmightbethebestmatch.4.WhydidCathy’sgrandpaopposeherattendingthelocalFrenchimmersionkindergarten?A.ItmightholdbackCathy’scuriosity. B.Cathywastoosmalltolearnwell.C.ItmightaffectCathy’sfriendship. D.Cathyhadnogiftforlanguages.5.Whatdoestheresearchrevealaboutseniors’learningasecondlanguage?A.It’schallenging. B.It’sbeneficial.C.It’scontroversial. D.It’senergy-consuming.6.Whatmaytheauthoradviseparentstodowhenchoosingakindergarten?A.Selecttheschoolclosesttotheirhome.B.Makesuretheteachersarenativespeakers.C.Considertheirchildren’slearningstylesandneeds.D.Focusonthequalityofschools’languageimmersionprograms.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofearlybilinguallearning.B.Thesuitableagetostartlearningasecondlanguage.C.Bestwaystopreparekidsforlanguageimmersionprograms.D.“My”reflectionsonimmersingpreschoolsinforeignlanguageprograms.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章圍繞是否應(yīng)該讓學齡前兒童參加法語沉浸式幼兒園的問題展開討論，作者通過引用朋友的經(jīng)歷、個人的臨床經(jīng)驗以及相關(guān)研究，分析了學習第二語言的好處以及沉浸式教育的利弊，最終強調(diào)了在為學齡前兒童選擇學校時，應(yīng)考慮他們的個體學習需求、優(yōu)勢和挑戰(zhàn)，尋找最適合他們的教育方式?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Shesurprisedmebysayingthatherdadadvisedagainstdoingthat,saying,“Youhaveaverybrightlittlegirlwho’scuriousabouteverything.Frenchisonlyonesubject.Youdon’tneedtomakeitthecenterofhereducationfortheimportantearlyyearsofschool.”(她的回答讓我很驚訝，她說她父親不建議這么做，還說：“你女兒非常聰明，對一切都充滿好奇。法語只是一門學科而已。在她上學的重要啟蒙階段，沒必要把它作為教育的核心?！?”可知，Cathy的爺爺反對她上法語沉浸式幼兒園，理由是Cathy是一個對一切都充滿好奇的聰明小女孩，而法語只是一門學科，沒必要在上學最初的重要幾年里將其作為教育的核心。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Butifyoudigdeeper,you’llhavetroublefindingsolidresearchintotheadvantagesofsecondlanguagelearning,otherthaninolderagegroupswhereitdoeshavestrongcognitive(認知的)benefits.(但如果你深入探究，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)很難找到關(guān)于幼兒學習第二語言優(yōu)勢的確鑿研究，除了在年齡較大的群體中，學習第二語言確實有顯著的認知益處。)”可知，對于老年人學習第二語言，有研究表明其在認知方面有很大益處。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whenlookingforaschoolforyourpreschooler,considertheirindividuallearningneeds,strengthsandchallenges,andlookforwhatyouthinkmightbethebestmatch.(在為學齡前孩子挑選學校時，要考慮他們的個體學習需求、優(yōu)勢和挑戰(zhàn)，尋找你認為最適合他們的學校。)”可知，作者建議家長在為孩子選擇幼兒園時，要考慮孩子個人的學習需求、優(yōu)勢和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，找到最適合孩子的學校。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Myclinicalexperiencewithkidsisconsistentwithmyfriend’sfather’sobservationandwiththefindingoftheBritishAcademythatsecondlanguagelearningcanbegreatforkids,butisn’talways.Idependsonalotofcomplexfactors.(我在兒童方面的臨床經(jīng)驗，與我朋友父親的觀點以及英國科學院的研究結(jié)果相符，即第二語言學習對孩子可能很有好處，但并非總是如此。這取決于很多復雜因素。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章圍繞作者對是否讓學齡前兒童參加外語沉浸式課程展開思考，從朋友父親反對孩子參加法語沉浸式幼兒園，到闡述不同孩子對語言沉浸式課程的不同反應(yīng)，都體現(xiàn)了作者對這一問題的思考。故選D。CDoyoualwaysthinkthroughpossibilitiesbeforecommittingtoeventhesmallestchoiceslikewhattowear,whichmenuitemtopick,andwhentodohousechores?Ifthissoundslikeyou,you’reamongmanyindecisivepeoplewhostrugglewiththoseissues.Butaredecisivepeoplebetteratmakingdecisionsthanindecisivepeople?Arecentstudyhascastlightonthat.Thestartingpointoftherecentstudyintothedifferencesbetweendecisiveandindecisivepeoplewasfindingareliablewayofdistinguishingparticipants.TheresearchteamusedtheActionControlScale,ayesornoquestionnaireabouteverydaychoicesandbehavior,torevealwhetherapersonisaction-orstate-oriented.Action-orientedpeoplearemoredecisiveandlikelytotakeaction.Theyaremoreflexibleandlikelytocarryouttheirintentionsinthefaceofchallenges.Bycontrast,state-orientedpeoplefocusontheiremotionalstates.Theyaremorehesitanttocommittotheirchoices,andabandontheircommitmentsmorefrequently.Researcherssurveyed723people,fromwhomtheychosethe60mostaction-orientedandthe60moststate-orientedtotakepartinthemainexperiments.Theparticipantswentthroughasetofcognitivetasks,withlow-riskchoices.Theteamconductedacomparisonofseveralcognitiveprocessesbetweenthetwogroupsincludingevidence-processingspeed,decisioncaution,initialbias(howmuchthechoiceisinfluencedbyknownknowledge),andsensitivity(howaccuratelyyoucanjudgethecorrectnessofyourchoice).Byexaminingthesecognitiveprocesses,researchersaimedtogaininsightsintothedecision-makingabilitiesandtendenciesofthetwogroups.Theyfoundthatacrossalltheexperiments,action-orientedpeopleweremoreconfidentintheirchoices.However,therewerenodivergencesincorrectness,speed,orsensitivity.Meanwhile,indecisivepeoplewereinnowayworseatmakingchoices.Beinglessormoreconfidentofthechoicethathasbeenmadecannotaffecttheoutcome.Itcan,however,influencefutureones.State-orientedpeoplearelessconfidentofwhetherthechoiceisright,anditwillpossiblymakepursuingtheirgoalsamuchgreaterchallenge.8.What’sthefunctionoftheActionControlScale?A.Comparingparticipants’dailyschedules.B.Recordingparticipants’emotionalchanges.C.Findingthereasonsbehindparticipants’choices.D.Tellingdecisiveparticipantsfromindecisiveones.9.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph3?A.Addsomebackgroundinformation. B.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Providesomeadviceforthereaders. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“divergences”inParagraph5mean?A.Assignments. B.Distinctions. C.Connections. D.Comparisons.11.Whatwillbeprobablydiscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Thecorrectwaytofaceuptothechallenges.B.Thebenefitsgainedbystate-orientedpeople.C.Theinfluenceoftheconfidencegaponthefuture.D.Thedifferencebetweentheaction-andstate-orientedpeople.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹一項關(guān)于果斷型與優(yōu)柔寡斷型人群決策能力的研究，包括研究方法、分組標準及核心發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheresearchteamusedtheActionControlScale,ayesornoquestionnaireabouteverydaychoicesandbehavior,torevealwhetherapersonisaction-orstate-oriented.(研究團隊使用了行動控制量表，這是一份關(guān)于日常選擇和行為的是非題問卷，用于揭示一個人是行動導向型還是狀態(tài)導向型。)”可知，行動控制量表的作用是區(qū)分果斷的行動導向型人群和優(yōu)柔寡斷的狀態(tài)導向型人群。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Action-orientedpeoplearemoredecisiveandlikelytotakeaction.Theyaremoreflexibleandlikelytocarryouttheirintentionsinthefaceofchallenges.Bycontrast,state-orientedpeoplefocusontheiremotionalstates.Theyaremorehesitanttocommittotheirchoices,andabandontheircommitmentsmorefrequently.(行動導向型的人更果斷，更有可能采取行動。他們更靈活，在面對挑戰(zhàn)時更有可能實現(xiàn)自己的意圖。相比之下，狀態(tài)導向型的人關(guān)注自己的情緒狀態(tài)。他們在做出選擇時更猶豫，也更頻繁地放棄自己的承諾。)”可知，該段詳細解釋了兩種導向型人群的特質(zhì)，為后續(xù)研究實驗提供了背景信息。故選A項?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Theyfoundthatacrossalltheexperiments,action-orientedpeopleweremoreconfidentintheirchoices.However,therewerenodivergencesincorrectness,speed,orsensitivity.Meanwhile,indecisivepeoplewereinnowayworseatmakingchoices.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)在所有實驗中，行動導向型的人對自己的選擇更有信心。然而，在正確性、速度或敏感性方面沒有__________。與此同時，優(yōu)柔寡斷的人在做出選擇方面絕不遜色。)”可知，“however”表轉(zhuǎn)折，前文強調(diào)自信度不同，后文則說明其他方面無區(qū)別，因此“divergences”意為“差異、區(qū)別”。故選B項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Beinglessormoreconfidentofthechoicethathasbeenmadecannotaffecttheoutcome.Itcan,however,influencefutureones.State-orientedpeoplearelessconfidentofwhetherthechoiceisright,anditwillpossiblymakepursuingtheirgoalsamuchgreaterchallenge.(對已做出的選擇信心多寡不會影響結(jié)果。然而，它會影響未來的選擇。狀態(tài)導向型的人對選擇是否正確不太有信心，這可能會使追求目標變得更具挑戰(zhàn)性。)”可知，段落重點提及信心差異對未來的影響，后續(xù)段落大概率會進一步展開這一話題。故選C項。DCloseyoureyesandpictureyourselfwalkinginthetown.Youcanprobablydaydreamabouttheplacesyou’dgopast.Thisabilitytoimaginesuchsituationsinourmindsisthoughttobecrucialtohumans’abilitytoplanaheadandhaslongbeenconsideredasafeaturethatdistinguisheshumansfromanimals.Butanewstudyhasfoundthatratscanthinkaboutobjectsandplacesthatarenotrightinfrontofthem.Likehumans,whenratsexperienceplacesandevents,specificneuralactivitypatternsareactivatedinthehippocampus,anareaofthebrainresponsibleforspatialmemory.Butasitwasdifficulttogetratstothink,itwasimpossibletoconfirmwhetherratscouldvoluntarilycontrolthisactivityandscientistshadstruggledforlongtodiscloseit.Toreadtherat’smind,ChongxiLai,aco-authorofthestudy,alongwithcolleagues,developedasystemtomeasureneuralactivityusingabrain-machineinterface(BMI).TheBMI,measuringneuralactivityandtranslatingwhatitmeant,producedaconnectionbetweentheelectricactivityoccurringintherat’shippocampusandtheanimal’spositionina360-degreevirtualrealityenvironment.First,someratswereplacedintothevirtualrealityenvironmentandtheywererewardedwhentheytraveledthroughthisenvironmenttowardstheirgoalsbyrunningonatreadmill(anexercisemachine).Next,researchersdisconnectedthetreadmillsothattheratscouldstillseethevirtualrealityenvironment,buttheirrunninghadnoimpact.Byreproducingthebrainactivitythey’dshownduringtheprevioussessions,theratscouldtraveltorewardlocationstakingadvantageoftheirownthoughts.“Althoughit’sstillunclearwhattheratisexperiencingwhileit’stravelingorhowsimilaritistowhathappensinhumans,theteamhasdoneaconvincingjobofshowingratscanvoluntarilyreactivatementalmapsoffamiliarplaces,”saidShayna,acognitiveneuroscientist.TheresearchalsoshowsthattheBMIcanbeusedtoobservehippocampalactivity,providinganovelsystemforstudyingthisimportantbrainregion.BecausetheBMIisincreasinglyusedinprosthetics(themakingofartificialbodyparts),thisnewapproachofmeasuringneuralactivityalsoopensupthepossibilityofdesigningnovelprostheticdevicesbasedonthesameprinciples.12.Whatisthetraditionalviewaboutimagingafamiliarplaceinmind?A.Itisuniquetohumans. B.Ittakeseffortstodevelop.C.Itinvolvesplanningahead. D.Itoftenoccursduringtraveling.13.Whathappenedtoratsafterresearchersdisconnectedthetreadmill?A.Theyhaddifficultyrunningfreely.B.Theydemonstratedabnormalbrainactivity.C.Theycouldreachrewardplacesusingmentalmaps.D.Theywereatalossinthevirtualrealityenvironment.14.What’sShayna’sattitudetowardsthenewstudy?A.Concerned. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Critical.15.WhatdoestheauthorhighlightabouttheBMIinthelastparagraph?A.Itsdesignconcept. B.Itsresearchlimitation.C.Itsoperatingprinciple. D.Itsapplicationpotential.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章圍繞一項新研究展開，證實老鼠能主動激活腦海中熟悉地點的心理地圖，打破了“腦海想象場景是人類獨有能力”的傳統(tǒng)認知，同時介紹了研究使用的腦機接口（BMI）及其應(yīng)用潛力?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Thisabilitytoimaginesuchsituationsinourmindsisthoughttobecrucialtohumans’abilitytoplanaheadandhaslongbeenconsideredasafeaturethatdistinguisheshumansfromanimals.(這種在腦海中想象這種情況的能力被認為對人類提前計劃的能力至關(guān)重要，長期以來一直被認為是人類區(qū)別于動物的一個特征。)”可知，這種在腦海中想象場景的能力長期被認為是人類區(qū)別于動物的特征，即，傳統(tǒng)觀點認為，這是人類所特有的。故選A項。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Byreproducingthebrainactivitythey’dshownduringtheprevioussessions,theratscouldtraveltorewardlocationstakingadvantageoftheirownthoughts.(通過復制它們在前幾次訓練中表現(xiàn)出的大腦活動，老鼠可以利用自己的想法前往獎勵地點。)”可知，通過重現(xiàn)之前實驗中展現(xiàn)的大腦活動，老鼠可以利用自己的想法到達獎勵位置，即，它們能夠憑借腦海中的地圖找到獎勵地點。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容“‘Althoughit’sstillunclearwhattheratisexperiencingwhileit’stravelingorhowsimilaritistowhathappensinhumans,theteamhasdoneaconvincingjobofshowingratscanvoluntarilyreactivatementalmapsoffamiliarplaces,’saidShayna,acognitiveneuroscientist.(“盡管目前尚不清楚老鼠在移動過程中究竟經(jīng)歷了什么，也不清楚其行為與人類的情況是否有相似之處，但該研究團隊已經(jīng)成功地證明了老鼠能夠自主地重新激活對熟悉場所的記憶圖像。”認知神經(jīng)科學家謝娜說。)”可知，Shayna評價“研究團隊令人信服地證明了老鼠能主動重新激活熟悉地點的心理地圖”。由此推知，她對此的態(tài)度是積極的。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段落內(nèi)容“TheresearchalsoshowsthattheBMIcanbeusedtoobservehippocampalactivity,providinganovelsystemforstudyingthisimportantbrainregion.BecausetheBMIisincreasinglyusedinprosthetics(themakingofartificialbodyparts),thisnewapproachofmeasuringneuralactivityalsoopensupthepossibilityofdesigningnovelprostheticdevicesbasedonthesameprinciples.(該研究還表明，BMI可用于觀察海馬區(qū)的活動，為研究這一重要的大腦區(qū)域提供了一種新的系統(tǒng)。由于BMI越來越多地用于假肢（人造身體部位的制造），這種測量神經(jīng)活動的新方法也為基于相同原理設(shè)計新型假肢裝置開辟了可能性。)”可知，這里提到BMI“為研究大腦區(qū)域提供新系統(tǒng)”，且“為設(shè)計新型假肢設(shè)備開辟了可能性”，強調(diào)了其實用價值。由此推知，作者強調(diào)了BMI的應(yīng)用潛力。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，選出最佳選項填在空白處。其中兩項為多余選項。EversinceIwasachild,I’vebeenfrightenedbytheideaofdisappointingpeople.____16____FrompreschoolthroughmymasterdegreeyearsIwasalwaysthefirstinmyclass.Butobviously,I’mnotagenius.Sometimes,Ibroughthomeanineoutoftengradeandmyparentswouldaskmewheretheotherpointhadgone.Ofcourse,theexplanationwassimple:I’dmadeamistake.Butforaperfectionist,that’saverydangerousthought,whichcancauseachainofabusiveself-talks.Afterall,thatmistakewassostupid.____17____Whathidesbehindmyperfectionismistheillusion(幻覺)ofcontrol,theideathatifIworkhardanddomybest,I’llbeperfectandprotected,____18____Everyoneisallowedtomakemistakes,exceptme;everythingisacompetition,andanythingIcan’twinisadeadloss.____19____Itcanevenmakeyouphysicallysickwithheadaches,stomachaches,musclecrampsandso.on.Insomecases,itleadstoself-harmingbehavior,suchaseatingdisordersandaddiction.Theotherdarksideofperfectionismisthatyoubecomeunabletotrulyappreciateyoursuccess—youonlyfocusonwhatyoucould’vedonebetter.Despitetheproblems,perfectionismhasallowedmetocompletealotandbecomewhoIamtoday.“Toseeperfectionismasauniquelynegativethingisactuallytodenyapartofyourself,”saidtheperfectionismcoachYasminaHajoui.____20____Butthatdesireneedstobebalancedandcomefromahealthyplace.A.Perfectionismisasurvivalmechanism.B.There’snothingwrongwithwantingtodothingswell.C.Theproblemisthatperfectionismbringsmorethanstress.D.Ishouldhavestudiedmore,workedharderandfocusedbetter.E.Inperfectionism,wetendtobelievethatonlyourachievementsdefineus.F.Andifsomethingisn’tperfect,thatmeansit’smyfaultandthatI’mawful.G.Mysolutiontothatanxietywastoachieveperfectionism-andmostly,itworked.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.C20.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章結(jié)合作者自身經(jīng)歷，說明了完美主義給人帶來的影響。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“EversinceIwasachild,I’vebeenfrightenedbytheideaofdisappointingpeople.(從我還是個孩子的時候起，我就害怕讓別人失望)”可知，本句成績上文，說明作者為了不讓別人失望采取了什么辦法。故G選項“我對這種焦慮的解決辦法是追求完美——而且大多數(shù)情況下，它都奏效了”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ofcourse,theexplanationwassimple:I’dmadeamistake.Butforaperfectionist,that’saverydangerousthought,whichcancauseachainofabusiveself-talks.Afterall,thatmistakewassostupid.(當然，原因很簡單：我犯了一個錯誤。但對于一個完美主義者來說，這是一個非常危險的想法，它會導致一連串的虐待性自言自語。畢竟，那個錯誤太愚蠢了)”可知，上文提到了作者認識到了自己犯錯是愚蠢的，說明采取了方法來糾正錯誤。故D選項“我應(yīng)該多學習，更努力工作，更專注”符合語境，故選D。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whathidesbehindmyperfectionismistheillusion(幻覺)ofcontrol,theideathatifIworkhardanddomybest,I’llbeperfectandprotected(隱藏在我的完美主義背后的是一種控制的錯覺，這種想法是，如果我努力工作，盡我最大的努力，我就會完美和被保護)”以及后文“Everyoneisallowedtomakemistakes,exceptme;everythingisacompetition,andanythingIcan’twinisadeadloss.(每個人都可以犯錯誤，除了我；一切都是一場比賽，任何贏不了的事都是死輸)”可知，上文假設(shè)了努力變得完成和被保護的情況，推測本句是在說明另一種不完美的情況，作者會如何反應(yīng)。故F選項“如果某件事不完美，那就意味著是我的錯，我很糟糕”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itcanevenmakeyouphysicallysickwithheadaches,stomachaches,musclecrampsandso.on.Insomecases,itleadstoself-harmingbehavior,suchaseatingdisordersandaddiction.Theotherdarksideofperfectionismisthatyoubecomeunabletotrulyappreciateyoursuccess—youonlyfocusonwhatyoucould’vedonebetter.(它甚至會讓你身體不適，比如頭痛、胃痛、肌肉痙攣等等。在某些情況下，它會導致自我傷害行為，如飲食失調(diào)和成癮。完美主義的另一個陰暗面是，你變得無法真正感激你的成功——你只關(guān)注你可以做得更好的地方)”可知，本段主要論述了完美主義給身體帶來的危害。故C選項“問題是完美主義帶來的不僅僅是壓力”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Despitetheproblems,perfectionismhasallowedmetocompletealotandbecomewhoIamtoday.“Toseeperfectionismasauniquelynegativethingisactuallytodenyapartofyourself,”saidtheperfectionismcoachYasminaHajoui.(盡管有這些問題，但完美主義讓我完成了很多事情，成為了今天的我。“把完美主義視為一種獨特的負面因素，實際上是在否認自己的一部分，”完美主義教練亞YasminaHajoui說)”以及后文“Butthatdesireneedstobebalancedandcomefromahealthyplace.(但這種欲望需要平衡，并且來自一個健康的地方)”可知，后文與本句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，后文提出欲望要平衡，推測本句主要針對完美主義的合理性展開論述。故B選項“想把事情做好并沒有錯”符合語境，故選B。第三部分英語知識運用（共四節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題；每題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Yesterdaymorning,Ileftanoteonthedeskformynine-year-olddaughter.I____21____:“Ann,pleaseremembertocirclewhichshirtontheprintoutyouwantmeto____22____foryou,tobringthenewpencilstoschoolforkidsinneedandtofilltheformofyourvacationactivitiesandbringittoschool,too.”Thetasksabouttheshirtandthepencilswere____23____whiletheformrequiredmoreeffort.Later,Isawshewantedmetopurchaseagreenshirt,andthepencilswere____24____.Buttheformwasstillthere,____25____.Ihadthreespecificrequests;____26____,she’dleftoutthemostimportantone.Thenightbefore,wehaddiscussedthe____27____ofleavingthetaskunfinished:Shewouldn’t____28____thesportsteamshewantedtojoin.Shewasso____29____thatsheshedtearsandpromisedtotakealltheassignedtasksseriouslyin____30____.It’snormalforherto____31____thetasks.Researchfindswhenpeoplearerequiredtodomultipletasks,mostpeopledotheeasyonesfirstandleavethehardstuffforlater.Psychologistscallthis____32____“thesmallertaskstrap”.Lookingback,Ishouldhaveassessedmyprioritiesandonlyaskedmydaughterto____33____theform.Thethingsabouttheshirtandthepencilscouldbedoneonanotherday.Don’tcreatelongtask____34____forotherpeople.Toomanyrequestscanleadtofewergettingdone.Doprioritizewhatyouaskotherpeopletodoand____35____theimportantonestoensuretheyarenotleftunfinished.21.A.reasoned B.wrote C.imagined D.translated22.A.color B.design C.order D.borrow23.A.accessible B.random C.painless D.ordinary24.A.kept B.gone C.damaged D.delivered25.A.wet B.complete C.dirty D.blank26.A.frequently B.apparently C.probably D.especially27.A.fact B.cause C.purpose D.consequence28.A.setup B.lookinto C.qualifyfor D.withdrawfrom29.A.regretful B.rough C.strict D.unfortunate30.A.total B.vain C.turn D.future31.A.skip B.update C.assign D.perform32.A.lifestyle B.campaign C.tendency D.challenge33.A.findout B.makeup C.waitfor D.attendto34.A.lists B.procedures C.conditions D.presentations35.A.predict B.highlight C.imagine D.solve【答案】21.B22