2026年考研英語閱讀與翻譯專項練習題目集一、閱讀理解（共4題，每題2分，共8分）題目1（2分）題干：閱讀以下短文，回答問題："Digitalizationhasreshapedtheglobalmanufacturinglandscape,particularlyinEastAsia.CountrieslikeChinaandSouthKoreahaveleveragedadvancedroboticsandAItoboostproductivity.However,thisshifthasalsocreatedjobdisplacementconcerns.ArecentreportbytheInternationalLaborOrganization(ILO)highlightsthatwhile30%ofmanufacturingjobsinChinamaybeautomatedby2030,newrolesindataanalyticsandsystemmaintenanceareemerging.Howdothesechangesimpactworkers'skillrequirementsandregionaleconomicinequality?"問題：Whatistheprimarycontradictionaddressedinthepassage?A)Theconflictbetweentechnologicaladvancementandjobsecurity.B)ThecompetitionbetweenChinaandSouthKoreaindigitalmanufacturing.C)ThedeclineoftraditionalmanufacturingindustriesinEastAsia.D)TheroleoftheILOinmonitoringautomationtrends.答案：A解析：文章明確指出數(shù)字化帶來的機遇（如生產(chǎn)力提升）與挑戰(zhàn)（如就業(yè)流失）的矛盾，故A項正確。B項僅提及部分內容，C項未涉及，D項為背景信息，非核心矛盾。題目2（2分）題干：Readthefollowingexcerptandanswerthequestion:"InSoutheastAsia,theriseofe-commercehasdisruptedsmall-scaletraders.WhileplatformslikeShopeeandLazadahaveenabledruralentrepreneurstoreachglobalmarkets,localregulationsandinfrastructuregapsremainbarriers.A2023studybytheASEANSecretariatrevealsthatonly15%ofsmallbusinessesinVietnamhavefullyadaptedtodigitalpaymentsystems.Howcanregionalcooperationalleviatethesechallenges?"問題：Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboute-commerceinSoutheastAsia?A)Ithaseliminatedtraditionaltradeentirely.B)Itbenefitsruralareasbutfacesregulatoryobstacles.C)ItissolelydominatedbyChinesecompanies.D)Ithasnoimpactonsmall-scaleentrepreneurs.答案：B解析：文章指出電商促進農(nóng)村貿(mào)易的同時，存在法規(guī)和基礎設施限制，故B項準確。A項過于絕對，C項未提及，D項與事實不符。題目3（2分）題干："TheEuropeanUnion’sGreenDealaimstomakethebloccarbon-neutralby2050.However,industrieslikesteelandcementarguethatstricteremissionstargetswillforcethemtorelocatetoregionswithlaxerregulations.A2024EuropeanPolicyJournalarticlenotesthat40%ofGermansteelproducersmayshiftoperationsoutsidetheEUifnofinancialincentivesareprovided.Whatcouldmitigatethisindustrialexodus?"問題：WhatisthemainconcernofsteelandcementindustriesundertheGreenDeal?A)Highproductioncostsduetorenewableenergyadoption.B)Lossofmarketaccessinnon-EUcountries.C)Forcedrelocationtoavoidstricterenvironmentallaws.D)Insufficientinvestmentingreentechnologies.答案：C解析：文章明確提到企業(yè)因環(huán)保法規(guī)可能遷出歐盟，故C項為正確答案。A、B、D均為干擾項。題目4（2分）題干："InAfrica,mobilebankinghasrevolutionizedfinancialinclusion,butruralareasstilllackreliableinternetconnectivity.A2023WorldBankreporthighlightsthatonly25%ofruralTanzaniansusedigitalbankingservices.Governmentsarenowexploringsatellite-basedsolutionstobridgethisgap.Howcouldsuchinitiativesimpacteconomicgrowthintheregion?"問題：Whatisthepotentialbenefitofsatellite-basedbankingsolutionsinAfrica?A)Reducedrelianceontraditionalbankinginfrastructure.B)Completeeliminationoffinancialexclusion.C)Increasedgovernmentcontroloverruraleconomies.D)Highertransactionfeesduetoadvancedtechnology.答案：A解析：文章指出衛(wèi)星技術可解決農(nóng)村金融接入問題，故A項為合理推論。B項過于理想化，C、D項與文意不符。二、翻譯（共2題，每題5分，共10分）題目5（5分）原文："Despitetherapiddevelopmentofrenewableenergy,energystorageremainsabottleneckforlarge-scaleadoption.Innovationsinbatterytechnologyandhydrogenstoragearecriticaltostabilizinggrids.However,highcostsandlimitedsupplychainshinderprogress.Policymakersmustprioritizeinvestmentinthissectortoensureasustainableenergyfuture."翻譯要求：將以上段落翻譯成中文，注意術語準確性和邏輯連貫性。答案：盡管可再生能源發(fā)展迅速，但儲能技術仍是大規(guī)模應用的主要瓶頸。電池技術和氫能存儲的創(chuàng)新對于穩(wěn)定電網(wǎng)至關重要。然而，高昂的成本和有限的供應鏈限制了其發(fā)展。政策制定者必須優(yōu)先投資該領域，以確?？沙掷m(xù)的能源未來。解析：1."bottleneck"譯為"瓶頸"符合行業(yè)術語；2."gridstabilization"譯為"穩(wěn)定電網(wǎng)"準確傳達原文含義；3.被動語態(tài)（"arecritical"）轉化為中文主動句式，符合表達習慣；4."supplychains"譯為"供應鏈"避免直譯"鏈條"，更專業(yè)。題目6（5分）原文："TheCOVID-19pandemicexposedvulnerabilitiesinglobalsupplychains,particularlyinSoutheastAsia.FactoryclosuresinVietnamandIndonesialedtoshortagesofelectronicscomponents.Toaddressthis,multinationalcorporationsarediversifyingproductionbases.However,thisshiftmayincreasecarbonemissionsduetolongerlogisticsnetworks.Abalancedapproach—combiningresiliencewithsustainability—isneededtobuildapost-pandemiceconomy."翻譯要求：將以上段落翻譯成中文，注意長句拆分和邏輯銜接。答案：新冠疫情暴露了全球供應鏈的脆弱性，尤其在東南亞地區(qū)。越南和印尼的工廠關閉導致電子元件短缺。為應對這一問題，跨國公司正分散生產(chǎn)基地。然而，這一轉變可能因物流網(wǎng)絡延長而加劇碳排放。