2026年研究生英語(yǔ)入學(xué)考試預(yù)測(cè)模擬卷第一部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（完形填空）（20題，每題0.5分，共10分）directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandfillineachblankwiththemostappropriatewordfromthefourchoicesgiven.MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.TheImpactofUrbanizationonEnvironmentalSustainabilityUrbanizationhasbeenadefiningforceinthe21stcentury,reshapinglandscapesandlifestylesacrosstheglobe.Whileitdriveseconomicgrowthand1)______innovation,italsoposessignificantchallengestoenvironmentalsustainability.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisthe2)______ofgreenspaces,whicharecrucialforbiodiversityandairquality.Ascitiesexpand,naturalhabitatsareoften3)______tomakewayforinfrastructure,leadingtoalossofecologicalbalance.Moreover,the4)______ofrenewableenergysourcesinurbanareasremainsinadequate,exacerbatingrelianceonfossilfuels.Tomitigatethesechallenges,policymakersmustadoptamultifacetedapproach.First,urbanplanningshouldprioritizethe5)______ofgreencorridorsandparks,ensuringthatnaturalecosystemsarepreservedwithincitylimits.Second,investmentsinpublictransportationcanreducetrafficcongestionandlowercarbonemissions.Additionally,incentivesfor6)______solarpanelsandwindturbinescouldacceleratethetransitiontocleanerenergy.Whilethesemeasuresrequiresubstantialresources,theirlong-termbenefitsoutweighthecosts.Sustainableurbanizationisnotonly7)______butalsoeconomicallyviable,asitcanattractbusinessesandimprovequalityoflife.However,thesuccessofsuchinitiativesdependson8)______cooperationbetweengovernments,privatesectors,andcommunities.Localresidentsmustbe9)______abouttheimportanceofenvironmentalconservation,andschoolsshouldincorporatesustainabilityintotheircurricula.Onlythroughacollectiveeffortcanwe10)______afuturewherecitiesthrivewithoutcompromisingecologicalintegrity.1.A.fostersB.suppressesC.diminishesD.neglects2.A.destructionB.preservationC.expansionD.degradation3.A.eliminatedB.protectedC.convertedD.reclaimed4.A.adoptionB.rejectionC.developmentD.decline5.A.protectionB.destructionC.neglectD.commercialization6.A.installingB.removingC.destroyingD.replacing7.A.theoreticalB.practicalC.impossibleD.unnecessary8.A.limitedB.enhancedC.hinderedD.ignored9.A.informedB.confusedC.discouragedD.ignored10.A.createB.destroyC.maintainD.ignore第二部分：閱讀理解（20題，每題2分，共40分）directions:Readthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthebestoptionfromthefourchoicesgiven.MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1TheRiseofRemoteWorkinthePost-PandemicEraTheCOVID-19pandemichasfundamentallyalteredthewaywework,withremoteworkbecomingthenewnormformanyindustries.Before2020,onlyasmallfractionofemployeeshadtheoptiontoworkfromhome,butthepandemicforcedcompaniestoadoptthismodelrapidly.Surprisingly,manybusinessesfoundthatremoteworknotonlyimprovedemployeesatisfactionbutalsoincreasedproductivity.Oneofthekeyreasonsforthissuccessistheeliminationofcommutingtime.Employeessavehourseachdaybynottravelingtoofficebuildings,allowingthemtofocusmoreontheirtasks.Additionally,remoteworkhasreducedofficespacecostsforcompanies,freeingupresourcesforotherinvestments.However,challengesremain,suchasmaintainingteamcohesionandensuringwork-lifebalance.Companiesthathavesuccessfullytransitionedtoremoteworkhaveimplementedinnovativetechnologies,suchasvirtualcollaborationtoolsandregularvideomeetings,tokeepemployeesconnected.Despitetheseefforts,somesectors,likemanufacturingandhealthcare,aremoredifficulttotransitiontoremoteworkduetothenatureoftheirjobs.Nevertheless,thetrendislikelytopersistevenafterthepandemic,asemployeeshavegrownaccustomedtotheflexibilityitoffers.Forbusinesses,thefuturemayinvolveahybridmodel—combiningremoteandin-officeworktoleveragethebenefitsofboth.1.Whatwastheprimaryimpactofthepandemiconremotework?A.Itbecameillegalinmanycountries.B.Itwasadoptedreluctantlybymostcompanies.C.Itbecameawidespreadandacceptedpractice.D.Itdeclinedsharplyduetoeconomicdownturns.2.Howhasremoteworkbenefitedemployees?A.Ithasreducedtheirincome.B.Ithassavedthemcommutingtime.C.Ithasforcedthemtoworklongerhours.D.Ithaslimitedtheirsocialinteractions.3.Whatisamajorchallengeforcompaniestransitioningtoremotework?A.Increasedofficespacecosts.B.Maintainingteamcollaboration.C.Higheremployeeturnover.D.Lackofgovernmentsupport.4.Whichindustriesareleastlikelytoadoptremotework?A.Technologyandfinance.B.Educationandretail.C.Manufacturingandhealthcare.D.Hospitalityandtourism.5.Whatdoesthefutureofworklikelyinvolve?A.Acompleteshifttoremotework.B.Theeliminationofofficejobs.C.Ahybridmodelofwork.D.Fewerjobopportunitiesoverall.Passage2ClimateChangeandItsEffectsonGlobalAgricultureClimatechangeisoneofthemostsignificantthreatstoglobalfoodsecurity,withagriculturebeingoneofitsmostvulnerablesectors.Risingtemperatures,irregularrainfallpatterns,andextremeweathereventshavedisruptedcropyieldsandlivestockproduction.Indevelopingcountries,whereagricultureemploysalargeportionoftheworkforce,theseimpactsareparticularlysevere.Oneofthemostaffectedregionsissub-SaharanAfrica,wheredroughtshaveledtowidespreadfamine.Farmersintheseareaslacktheresourcestoadapttochangingclimateconditions,makingthemhighlysusceptibletofoodshortages.Toaddressthisissue,internationalorganizationshaveproposedvarioussolutions,suchasdrought-resistantcropsandimprovedirrigationsystems.Additionally,sustainablefarmingpractices,suchasagroforestryandcroprotation,canhelpreducethevulnerabilityofagriculturalsystems.However,thesemeasuresrequiresignificantinvestment,whichmanydevelopingnationscannotafford.Developedcountries,ontheotherhand,havethefinancialandtechnologicalcapacitytomitigatetheeffectsofclimatechangeonagriculture.Yet,someofthemcontinuetoprioritizeindustrialgrowthoverenvironmentalprotection,exacerbatingtheproblem.Toensureglobalfoodsecurity,itisessentialforallnationstocollaborateandsupportclimate-smartagriculture.Thisincludessharingknowledge,technology,andfinancialresourceswithdevelopingcountries.Onlythroughsucheffortscanwecreateamoreresilientandsustainablefoodsystemforthefuture.6.Whatistheprimarythreattoglobalfoodsecurityposedbyclimatechange?A.Overpopulationindevelopingcountries.B.Decreasedagriculturalproductivity.C.Increasedgovernmentregulations.D.Reduceddemandforfood.7.Whichregionismostvulnerabletotheeffectsofclimatechangeonagriculture?A.EastAsiaB.SouthAmericaC.Sub-SaharanAfricaD.NorthAmerica8.Whataresomesolutionsproposedtoaddressclimatechangeinagriculture?A.Increasingindustrialfarming.B.Drought-resistantcropsandimprovedirrigation.C.Reducingsubsidiesforfarmers.D.Eliminatingorganicfarmingpractices.9.Whatisamajorchallengefordevelopingcountriesinadaptingtoclimatechange?A.Lackoftechnologicalresources.B.Highlevelsofgovernmentsupport.C.Abundantwaterresources.D.Strongindustrialinfrastructure.10.Whatisessentialforensuringglobalfoodsecurity?A.Reducinginternationalcooperation.B.Prioritizingindustrialgrowth.C.Supportingclimate-smartagriculture.D.Increasingfoodprices.Passage3TheEvolutionofDigitalPaymentSystemsDigitalpaymentsystemshaverevolutionizedthewaywehandlemoney,replacingtraditionalcashtransactionswithmoreconvenientandsecurealternatives.Theriseofmobilepaymentapps,suchasAlipayandWeChatPayinChina,hasmadeitpossibleforpeopletomakepurchaseswithjustafewtapsontheirsmartphones.Similarly,inWesterncountries,platformslikePayPalandVenmohavegainedwidespreadpopularity.Oneofthekeyadvantagesofdigitalpaymentsistheirspeedandefficiency.Unlikecashtransactions,whichrequirephysicalexchange,digitalpaymentscanbeprocessedalmostinstantaneously,evenacrossborders.Thishasmadecross-bordertradeandremittancesmucheasier,benefitingbothbusinessesandindividuals.Additionally,digitalpaymentsprovideasecureandtraceablerecordoftransactions,reducingtheriskoffraudcomparedtocash.However,digitalpaymentsystemsarenotwithoutchallenges.Issuessuchasdataprivacy,cybersecurity,andthedigitaldivideremainsignificantconcerns.Forexample,manyelderlypeopleindevelopingcountrieslackaccesstosmartphonesortheinternet,makingthemexcludedfromthebenefitsofdigitalpayments.Toaddressthis,governmentsandcompaniesareworkingonexpandinginternetaccessandprovidingeducationondigitalpaymentsystems.Anotherchallengeistheregulatoryenvironment.Governmentsaroundtheworldarestrugglingtokeepupwiththerapidevolutionofdigitalpayments,leadingtoinconsistentpoliciesandpotentiallegalrisksforbusinesses.Toensurethesustainablegrowthofdigitalpaymentsystems,itiscrucialforpolicymakerstoestablishclearandadaptableregulationsthatbalanceinnovationwithconsumerprotection.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofdigitalpaymentsystems?A.Toincreasetheuseofcash.B.Toreplacetraditionalbankingsystems.C.Tomaketransactionsmoreconvenientandsecure.D.Toreducetheroleofgovernmentsinfinance.12.Howhavedigitalpaymentsbenefitedcross-bordertrade?A.Theyhaveincreasedtradebarriers.B.Theyhavemadetransactionsslower.C.Theyhaveimprovedefficiencyandreducedcosts.D.Theyhavelimitedtheuseofforeigncurrencies.13.Whatisamajorchallengerelatedtodigitalpayments?A.Hightransactionfees.B.Limitedaccessibilityforsomepopulations.C.Increasedgovernmentcontrol.D.Lackofconsumertrust.14.Whatisakeyconcernforgovernmentsregardingdigitalpayments?A.Theirlackofinnovation.B.Theirimpactontraditionalbanking.C.Theirroleindataprivacy.D.Theirrelianceonforeigncompanies.15.Whatisessentialforthesustainablegrowthofdigitalpayments?A.Strictgovernmentregulations.B.Eliminatingalldigitalpaymentsystems.C.Balancinginnovationwithconsumerprotection.D.Reducingtheuseofsmartphones.Passage4TheImportanceofCulturalPreservationinGlobalizationGlobalizationhasconnectedpeopleandculturesacrosstheworldlikeneverbefore,butithasalsoposedasignificantthreattoculturaldiversity.Asglobalmediaandconsumerculturespread,localtraditions,languages,andpracticesareoftenovershadowedorevenreplaced.Thislossofculturalheritagenotonlydiminishestherichnessofhumanexperiencebutalsoweakenscommunityidentities.Oneofthemostaffectedareasisindigenouscultures,whichhavebeendisplacedbymodernizationandcolonization.Manyindigenouscommunitiesstruggletomaintaintheirlanguages,whicharecrucialforpreservingtheirculturalknowledgeandworldview.Withoutlanguage,muchoftheirtraditionalwisdomandhistoryisatriskofbeinglost.Tocombatthis,UNESCOhasestablishedprogramstodocumentandteachendangeredlanguages,helpingcommunitiesreclaimtheirculturalidentity.Anotherchallengeisthecommercializationofculture.Whiletourismcanprovideeconomicbenefits,itoftenleadstotheexploitationofculturalsymbolsforprofit,strippingthemoftheiroriginalmeaning.Forexample,traditionalclothingormusicmaybemodifiedtoappealtotourists,losingtheirauthenticityintheprocess.Toaddressthis,communitiesmustbeinvolvedindecision-makingprocessesrelatedtotheirculturalheritage,ensuringthatitispreservedratherthancommodified.Fortunately,therearesignsofhope.Theriseofdigitaltechnologyhasprovidednewtoolsforculturalpreservation.Socialmediaplatforms,forinstance,allowindigenousartistsandcreatorstosharetheirworkwithaglobalaudience,fosteringculturalexchangewhilemaintainingauthenticity.Additionally,governmentsandNGOsareincreasinglysupportinginitiativesthatpromoteculturaleducationandawareness.16.Whatisamajorthreattoculturaldiversityintheageofglobalization?A.Increasedinternationalcooperation.B.Thespreadofglobalmedia.C.Greatergovernmentsupport.D.Enhancedculturalexchange.17.Whichgroupismostvulnerabletothelossofculturalheritage?A.Urbanpopulations.B.Indigenouscommunities.C.Wealthynations.D.Globalcorporations.18.Howisdigitaltechnologyhelpinginculturalpreservation?A.Bypromotingcommercialization.B.Byreplacingtraditionalpractices.C.Byprovidingplatformsforculturalsharing.D.Byencouraginggovernmentcontrol.19.Whatisakeysolutiontothecommercializationofculture?A.Increasingtourism.B.Limitinggovernmentinvolvement.C.Involvingcommunitiesindecision-making.D.Promotingculturaleducation.20.Whatisessentialforpreservingculturalheritage?A.Ignoringglobalization.B.Relyingsolelyongovernmentsupport.C.Balancingculturalexchangewithpreservation.D.Eliminatingtraditionalpractices.第三部分：翻譯（2題，共30分）directions:TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoChinese.Passage1Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasraisedconcernsaboutitsethicalimplications.WhileAIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizeindustriesandimprovehumanlife,italsoposesriskssuchasjobdisplacementandprivacyviolations.Toaddresstheseissues,policymakersmustestablishclearguidelinesforAIdevelopmentandensurethatitisusedresponsibly.CompaniesmustalsoprioritizeethicalconsiderationsintheirAIprojects,conductingthoroughriskassessmentsandimplementingsafeguardstoprotectworkersandconsumers.OnlythroughacollaborativeeffortcanweharnessthebenefitsofAIwhilemitigatingitspotentialharms.Passage2Climatechangeisaglobalchallengethatrequiresimmediateaction.Theincreasingfrequencyofextremeweatherevents,suchashurricanesandwildfires,hashighlightedtheurgencyofreducingcarbonemissions.Governmentsmustinvestinrenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,toreplacefossilfuels.Additionally,individualscancontributebyadoptingsustainablelifestyles,suchasreducingmeatconsumptionandusingpublictransportation.Thefightagainstclimatechangeisnotjustaresponsibilitybutalsoanopportunitytocreateamoreequitableandsustainablefutureforall.第四部分：寫作（1題，共30分）directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsonthetopicbelow.Somepeoplebelievethatremotewo