2026年研究生英語入學考試閱讀理解與翻譯技巧題庫一、閱讀理解（共5題，每題2分，計10分）題目1（細節(jié)題，2分）：閱讀以下段落，回答問題："China'srapideconomicgrowthoverthepastthreedecadeshastransformedthenationintotheworld'ssecond-largesteconomy.However,thisprogresshasbeenaccompaniedbysignificantenvironmentalchallenges,includingairandwaterpollution.Inrecentyears,theChinesegovernmenthasimplementedstricterenvironmentalregulationstomitigatetheseissues.Forinstance,the'AirPollutionPreventionActionPlan'introducedin2013hasledtoameasurablereductioninsmoginmajorcitieslikeBeijingandShanghai.Despitetheseefforts,sustainabledevelopmentremainsacomplextask,requiringlong-termcommitmentandinternationalcooperation."問題：Accordingtothepassage,whatmeasureshasChinatakentoaddressenvironmentalproblems?A.Increasingindustrialproductiontoboosttheeconomy.B.Enforcingstricterenvironmentalregulations.C.Relianceonforeigntechnologyforpollutioncontrol.D.Ignoringairandwaterpollutiontoprioritizegrowth.答案：B解析：ThepassageexplicitlymentionstheChinesegovernment'simplementationof"stricterenvironmentalregulations"totacklepollution,aligningwithoptionB.Otheroptionsarecontradictedornotsupportedbythetext.題目2（主旨題，2分）：Readthefollowingexcerptandanswerthequestion:"Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hasrevolutionizedvariousindustries,fromhealthcaretofinance.WhileAIoffersnumerousbenefits,suchasimprovedefficiencyanddataanalysis,italsoraisesethicalconcerns.Forexample,jobdisplacementduetoautomationandbiasesinAIalgorithmsarecriticalissuesthatneedaddressing.PolicymakersandbusinessesmustcollaboratetoensureAIdevelopmentalignswithsocietalvaluesandminimizesnegativeimpacts."問題：Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AIhasnonegativeeffectsandisbeneficialeverywhere.B.AIisathreattohumanityduetoitspotentialrisks.C.AI'sgrowthrequirescarefulmanagementtobalancebenefitsandethicalchallenges.D.AIisonlyusefulinthehealthcaresector.答案：C解析：ThepassagehighlightsboththeadvantagesandrisksofAI,emphasizingtheneedforresponsibledevelopment,whichalignswithoptionC.題目3（推理題，2分）：Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestion:"Inrecentdecades,renewableenergyhasgainedtractiongloballyasasustainablealternativetofossilfuels.Solarandwindpower,inparticular,haveseensignificantadvancementsinefficiencyandcost-effectiveness.However,thetransitiontorenewableenergyisnotwithoutobstacles.Issuessuchasintermittency,storagecapacity,andinfrastructurelimitationsremainchallenges.Governmentsandprivatesectorsmustinvestinresearchandinfrastructuretoovercomethesehurdlesandacceleratetheshifttowardcleanerenergysolutions."問題：Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutrenewableenergy?A.Itisfullymatureandreadyforuniversaladoption.B.Itfacesmajortechnicalandeconomicchallenges.C.Itisonlyviableinwealthynations.D.Itwillreplacefossilfuelscompletelyby2030.答案：B解析：Thepassagementions"obstacles"suchasintermittencyandinfrastructurelimitations,suggestingthatrenewableenergyisstillevolving,makingoptionBthecorrectinference.題目4（詞匯題，2分）：Readthefollowingsentenceandchoosethebestwordtofillintheblank:"Thenewpolicyaimsto______economicinequalitybyprovidingsubsidiestolow-incomefamilies."A.ExacerbateB.MitigateC.IgnoreD.Encourage答案：B解析："Mitigate"meanstoreduceorlessen,whichfitsthecontextofaddressingeconomicinequality."Exacerbate"(worsen)and"ignore"(neglect)areoppositeinmeaning,while"encourage"(support)doesnotconveytheintendedaction.題目5（態(tài)度題，2分）：Readthefollowingreviewandanswerthequestion:"Thisdocumentaryoffersacriticalexaminationofmodernsocialmedia'simpactonmentalhealth.Whileacknowledgingitsbenefits,thefilmmakerhighlightsthedangersofaddiction,comparisonculture,andprivacyconcerns.Thetoneisinformativeyetcautious,urgingviewerstoreflectontheirdigitalhabits.Overall,itisathought-provokingandwell-researchedpiece."問題：Whatisthereviewer'sattitudetowardsocialmedia?A.Entirelypositive.B.Entirelynegative.C.Cautiousandcritical.D.Indifferent.答案：C解析：Therevieweracknowledgesbenefitsbutemphasizesrisks,usingwordslike"dangers"and"cautious,"indicatingabalancedyetcriticalperspective.二、翻譯（共2題，每題5分，計10分）題目6（中譯英，5分）："近年來，中國政府大力推進科技創(chuàng)新，旨在提升國家綜合競爭力。通過加大研發(fā)投入和培養(yǎng)高層次人才，中國在人工智能、5G通信等領域取得了顯著突破。"要求：TranslatethepassageintoEnglish.答案："Inrecentyears,theChinesegovernmenthasvigorouslypromotedtechnologicalinnovation,aimingtoenhancethenation'soverallcompetitiveness.ByincreasingR&Dinvestmentandcultivatinghigh-leveltalent,Chinahasmaderemarkablebreakthroughsinfieldssuchasartificialintelligenceand5Gcommunication."解析：ThetranslationmaintainstheoriginalmeaningwhileusingnaturalEnglishphrasing.Keytermslike"科技創(chuàng)新"(technologicalinnovation),"綜合競爭力"(overallcompetitiveness),and"5G通信"(5Gcommunication)areaccuratelyrendered.題目7（英譯中，5分）："Theincreasingrelianceondigitalplatformshasreshapedconsumerbehavior,creatingbothopportunitiesandchallengesforbusinesses.Ononehand,onlineshoppingandsocialmediamarketinghaveexpandedmarketreach.Ontheotherhand,dataprivacyconcernsandtheriseofcounterfeitproductsposesignificantrisks.Companiesmustadapttothesechangestoremaincompetitiveinthedigitalage."要求：TranslatethepassageintoChinese.答案："對數(shù)字平臺的日益依賴正在重塑消費者行為，為企業(yè)帶來了機遇與挑戰(zhàn)。一方面，在線購物和社交媒