1、一、定語(yǔ)從句概念定語(yǔ)從句（attributive clause），顧名思義，就是一個(gè)句子作定語(yǔ)從屬于主句。定語(yǔ)一般是由形容詞充當(dāng)，所以定語(yǔ)從句又稱(chēng)作形容詞從句。另外，定語(yǔ)從句是由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的，故又稱(chēng)作關(guān)系從句。定語(yǔ)從句一般放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞之后，這種名詞或代詞被稱(chēng)作先行詞。請(qǐng)看示例：The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行詞 定語(yǔ)從句在所有的從句中，算定語(yǔ)從句最難掌握，因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)里沒(méi)有定語(yǔ)從句，漢語(yǔ)里只有定語(yǔ)，而且總是放在名詞之前來(lái)修飾名詞。二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞代替前面的先行詞，并且在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，可以作

2、主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞有：who, that, which。它們的主格、賓格和所有格如下表所示：格先行詞 主格 賓格 所有格人 who whom whose物 which whichwhoseof which人、物 that that （一）關(guān)系代詞who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人，是主格，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。例如：An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑師是設(shè)計(jì)房屋的人。I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the firs

3、t year of my senior middle school. 我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記在高一時(shí)教我們化學(xué)的那位老師。Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想應(yīng)聘這個(gè)職位的任何人都必須先通過(guò)電子郵件向我們發(fā)送簡(jiǎn)歷。whom代替人，是賓格，在定語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)，在非正式英語(yǔ)常可省略。例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我們?cè)趯W(xué)校圖書(shū)館里遇到的那位先生你認(rèn)識(shí)嗎？This

4、is the student whom my father taught ten years ago. 這是我爸爸十年前教的學(xué)生。The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我見(jiàn)到的那個(gè)女孩名叫瑪麗。（在非正式英語(yǔ)中，主格who代替了賓格whom，亦可省略）whose一般代替人，有時(shí)亦可代替物，是所有格，在定語(yǔ)從句作定語(yǔ)。例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高級(jí)工程師的那個(gè)女學(xué)生過(guò)去在國(guó)外留學(xué)。Do you know the name of t

5、he hotel whose window we can see here? 我們這兒能看到窗戶的那個(gè)賓館叫什么名字，你知道嗎？（關(guān)系代詞whose指代先行詞hotel，正式用法應(yīng)該用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。）【透視高考題】真題：Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair.A. whose B. which C. of which D. that (2006福建卷-22)簡(jiǎn)析：考查關(guān)系代詞who

6、se引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。whose在這個(gè)句子里代替物，whose roof=the roof of which，定語(yǔ)從句用另外一句話表達(dá)即為：The roof of the house is under repair。所以A是正確答案。（二）關(guān)系代詞which的用法which代替物，在定語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)還可省略。例如：I do not like stories which have unhappy endings.我不喜歡有不幸結(jié)局的小說(shuō)。（which可以換成that）Tom works for a factory which makes watches.湯姆在一個(gè)制表廠工作。（whi

7、ch可以換成that）（三）關(guān)系代詞that的用法that既可指人又可指物，在當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)中大多指物，在定語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)還可省略。例如：Is she the girl that sells newspapers?她是賣(mài)報(bào)紙的那個(gè)女孩嗎？（that可以換成who）Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?放在冰箱的冰激凌哪兒去了？（that可以換成which）Is this the book that you want to buy?這是你要買(mǎi)的那本書(shū)嗎？ （that可以換成which，在定語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)，還可以省略）三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定

8、語(yǔ)從句常用的關(guān)系副詞只有三個(gè)：when, where, why，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語(yǔ)。它們的用法大家不妨記住一個(gè)口訣：the time whenthe place wherethe reason why（一）關(guān)系副詞when的用法關(guān)系副詞when代替的先行詞表示的是時(shí)間，when在定語(yǔ)從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如：In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often.北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。（when先行詞是months）Do you remember the day when we first w

9、ent to the Summer Palace?你還記得我們第一次去頤和園的那一天嗎？（when先行詞是day， 當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)里when可以用that替代，這時(shí)關(guān)系代詞that就變成了表示時(shí)間的關(guān)系副詞）I havent seen her since the year when I left Tokyo.自從我離開(kāi)東京的那一年我就一直沒(méi)見(jiàn)到過(guò)她。（when先行詞是year，同樣when可以用that代替）【透視高考題】真題：Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _

10、 it was so poorly equipped.A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that(2005安徽卷-32)簡(jiǎn)析：考查關(guān)系代詞when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。第一個(gè)空填連接代詞what，第二個(gè)空前的先行詞是20 years ago，故這個(gè)空應(yīng)填表示時(shí)間的關(guān)系副詞when。故A是正確答案。（二）關(guān)系副詞where的用法關(guān)系副詞where代替的先行詞表示的是地點(diǎn)，where在定語(yǔ)從句作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。例如：During the Spring Festival I went back to the town where I wa

11、s brought up.春節(jié)期間，我回到了生我養(yǎng)我的家鄉(xiāng)。（where的先行詞是town）This is the place where Li Bai once lived.這是李白曾經(jīng)生活過(guò)的地方。（where先行詞是place）上面這個(gè)句子不可以將where改為that，因?yàn)閠hat不能作為表示地點(diǎn)的關(guān)系副詞。試比較下句：This is the place that Li Bai once visited.這是李白曾經(jīng)游覽過(guò)的地方。（that的先行詞同樣是place，但這個(gè)that是關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略，還可以用which替換）【透視高考題】真題：If a shop h

12、as chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. that B. which C. when D. where (2005上海卷-40)簡(jiǎn)析：考查關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的意思是說(shuō)男人可以停留在椅子上休息，顯然是表示地點(diǎn)，故D是正確答案。（三）關(guān)系副詞why的用法關(guān)系副詞why代替的先行詞表示的是原因，why在定語(yǔ)從句作原因狀語(yǔ)。例如：The reason why I am phoning you is to ask you whether you have got

13、my email.我打電話給你的原因是想問(wèn)問(wèn)你是否收到了我的電子郵件。（why先行詞是reason， 當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)里why可以用that替代，這時(shí)關(guān)系代詞that就變成了表示原因的關(guān)系副詞，還可以將why省略）This is the reason why he came late to school.這就是他為什么上學(xué)遲到的原因。（why先行詞是reason，why可以用that替代，還可以省略）注意：如果上面的句子將the reason省略，那么這個(gè)句子就變成了（This is why he came late to school. ）表語(yǔ)從句，句子意思絲毫未變。四、特殊關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從

14、句as是個(gè)比較特殊的關(guān)系代詞，一是用在某些句型搭配里，二是獨(dú)立于主句之外。下面分別講解。（一）在固定搭配asas, soas, suchas, the sameas中，as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句You may take as many books as you want.你想要拿多少書(shū)就拿多少。（第一個(gè)as是副詞，修飾many的；第二個(gè)as才是關(guān)系代詞，代替先行詞books，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)）I have got such a computer as yours.我有一臺(tái)你這樣的電腦。（as是關(guān)系代詞，代替先行詞computer，在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)，因?yàn)閥ours后省略了is ）I have neve

15、r seen so beautiful a place as Guilin.我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)像桂林那樣美麗的地方。（as是關(guān)系代詞，代替先行詞place，在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)，因?yàn)镚uilin后省略了is ）（二）獨(dú)立于主句之外，as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句As we know,the earth turns around the sun. 正如我們所知，地球圍繞太陽(yáng)旋轉(zhuǎn)。As is known to us,（As we know和 As is known to us均為定語(yǔ)從句，as分別作賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)，替代后面的主句。）Taiwan is, as you know, is an inseparable part

16、of China.你知道，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)不可分割的一部分。（關(guān)系代詞as指代整個(gè)主句，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)。）【透視高考題】真題1：The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.A. what B. that C. how D. as (2006天津卷-12)簡(jiǎn)析：考查關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。as代替先行詞the Beatles同時(shí)又在從句中作remember的賓語(yǔ)，as的功能同which，但as有“正如”的意思，故D是正確答案。真題2：_ is often the case, we have

17、 worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As (2004江蘇卷-33)簡(jiǎn)析：考查關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。which與as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句均可代表整個(gè)一句話或整個(gè)主句，但which不能放在句首，另外as有“正如”的意思，而which卻沒(méi)有，故D正確。五、關(guān)系代詞who, which與that的區(qū)別（一）關(guān)系代詞who與that的區(qū)別1. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用主格who。例如：He who loses hope loses all.失去希望的人就失去一切。（先行詞為代詞he, they, any, all, on

18、e等時(shí)，多用who）I met Alice, who told me that she was learning Chinese.我遇見(jiàn)艾麗斯，她告訴我她在學(xué)漢語(yǔ)。（在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，用who）2. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞用作介詞后的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用賓格whom，不用that。例如：The man to whom our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher.我們校長(zhǎng)剛才與他談話的那個(gè)人是我們的英語(yǔ)老師。（介詞與關(guān)系代詞緊密相連時(shí)，只能用賓格whom，不可用主格who）注意：介詞與關(guān)系代詞不是緊密相連時(shí)，或者說(shuō)介詞放在句子后面時(shí)，這時(shí)可以用主格w

19、ho，也可用that，還可以省略關(guān)系代詞。因此，上面的這句話還可以有如下四種說(shuō)法：(1) The man whom our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.(2) The man who our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.(3) The man that our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.(4) The man our headmaster talked to j

20、ust now is our English teacher.第4句簡(jiǎn)潔、自然，所以口語(yǔ)中用得最多。3. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞泛指人時(shí)，多用that。例如：He is a man that is never afraid of failure.他是個(gè)從不怕失敗的人。（that用來(lái)泛指人）4. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞出現(xiàn)在who開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，應(yīng)用that。例如：Who is the girl that is talking to Tom in English?用英語(yǔ)同湯姆交談的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)？（避免重復(fù)使用who，以免造成誤解或語(yǔ)義含混不清）（二）關(guān)系代詞which與that的區(qū)別1. 當(dāng)先行詞為all, much,

21、 little以及不定代詞anything, something, everything等時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞多用that。例如：All that glitters is not gold. 閃閃發(fā)光物，未必盡黃金。She told me everything that she knew. 她把她所知道的一切都告訴了我。2. 當(dāng)先行詞的前面有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞或限定詞the only, the very, all, every, any, no等時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞一般都用that。例如：This is the best novel that I have ever read. 這是我讀過(guò)的最好的一部小說(shuō)。

22、He is the only person that has been invited to the ball. 他是惟一應(yīng)邀參加舞會(huì)的人。3. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞出現(xiàn)在which開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，應(yīng)用that。例如：Which was the hotel that was recommended to the foreign guest? 哪一個(gè)是推薦給外賓的賓館？（這里使用that很明顯是為了避免重復(fù)which）4. 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞一般只用which。例如：Beijing, which is the capital of the Peoples Republic of China,

23、will host the 2008 Olympic Games. 北京是中華人民共和國(guó)的首都，將主辦2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)。5. 介詞后的關(guān)系代詞用which，而不用that。例如：She has collected 600 stamps, 60% of which are German stamps. 她收集了600張郵票，其中60是德國(guó)郵票?！就敢暩呖碱}】真題1：I saw a women running towards me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction

24、 _ she had come.A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which (2006重慶卷-34)簡(jiǎn)析：考查介詞關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為事物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞既可用which，也可用that，但介詞后的關(guān)系代詞卻只能用which。由于詞組為come from，故此句應(yīng)選from which。真題2：He was educated at a local grammar school, _ he went on to Cambridge.A. from which B. after that C. after which D.

25、from this (2005山東卷-30)簡(jiǎn)析：考查介詞關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。句意是上完中學(xué)后到劍橋大學(xué)深造，所以應(yīng)選after which。如果在空格前加上and，那么就要選B。真題3：The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which (2005廣東卷-34)簡(jiǎn)析：考查“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。表達(dá)“在英語(yǔ)劇中”，介詞用in，故選擇C. in which。六、限制性定

26、語(yǔ)從句和非制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，從句與其所修飾的先行詞之間關(guān)系很密切，若缺少，句意則不完整，故從句前不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，從句與其所修飾的先行詞之間關(guān)系不太密切，若缺少，句意則仍完整，故從句前一般都用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。試比較以下兩組句子：The water which has been polluted by the factory is not fit to drink.被工廠污染的水不宜飲用。（如果缺少定語(yǔ)從句，句子的主要意思會(huì)受到影響）Water, which is a clear liquid, is widely used in our everyday life.水是一

27、種清澈的液體，在我們的日常生活中應(yīng)用非常廣泛。（如果缺少定語(yǔ)從句，句子的主要意思不會(huì)受到影響）His brother who is nineteen years old is serving in the army now.他的一個(gè)十九歲的哥哥現(xiàn)在部隊(duì)服役。（表明他不只一個(gè)哥哥）His brother, who is nineteen years old, is serving in the army now.他的哥哥，今年十九歲，現(xiàn)在部隊(duì)服役。（表明他只有一個(gè)哥哥）【透視高考題】真題1：The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of impro

28、vements and employ more people to keep it running, _ means spending tens of thousands of pounds.A. who B. that C. as D. which (2006江蘇卷-29)簡(jiǎn)析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一般不用that，which可以替代前面整個(gè)一句話，因此選D。真題2：I have many friends, _ some are businessmen.A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom (2005全國(guó)卷I/II-2

29、4)簡(jiǎn)析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。這句話若用并列句表達(dá)就可寫(xiě)成：I have many friends, and some of them are businessmen.因此D是正確答案。七、定語(yǔ)從句的位置如前所述，定語(yǔ)從句一般總是直接置于所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。有時(shí)候，定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間插入了其他的短語(yǔ)，這樣它們被分隔了，這種情況下的定語(yǔ)從句被稱(chēng)作隔離定語(yǔ)從句。例如：There was a girl upstairs who was shouting and crying, obviously mad.樓上有一個(gè)女孩，大喊大叫。很明顯，她瘋了。（定語(yǔ)從句who was shouting a

30、nd crying修飾the girl，被upstairs所隔開(kāi)）A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.明天要來(lái)一位新老師教你們德語(yǔ)了。（定語(yǔ)從句置于句末以示強(qiáng)調(diào)）【透視高考題】真題：The factory produced half a million of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad.A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that (2004遼寧卷-35)簡(jiǎn)析：考查隔離定語(yǔ)從句或非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。形式上看80%把關(guān)系代

31、詞與先行詞分離了，另外，of前后表示部分與整體的關(guān)系，其中80的鞋子售往國(guó)外市場(chǎng)。故A是正確答案。八、定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句從形式上看好像沒(méi)什么區(qū)別，實(shí)際上從含義和功能上看，還是比較易區(qū)分的。同位語(yǔ)從句的先行詞一般為fact, idea, news, thought, reply, report, problem等抽象名詞，而且關(guān)聯(lián)詞大都為that，在idea, problem等詞后根據(jù)句意可能用到who, when, why, how等其他關(guān)聯(lián)詞。關(guān)聯(lián)詞that在同位語(yǔ)從句中僅僅起連接作用，不作任何成分，但又不可省略。定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞（關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）在從句中是要

32、充當(dāng)句子成分的且有實(shí)際含義。試比較以下兩句：The suggestion that we should practise speaking English every day came from our monitor.我們每天都應(yīng)練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的建議是我們的班長(zhǎng)提出來(lái)的。（同位語(yǔ)從句）The suggestion that our monitor put forward at the meeting is very valuable.我們的班長(zhǎng)在會(huì)上提出的建議很有價(jià)值。（定語(yǔ)從句）【透視高考題】真題1：A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might us

33、e the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.A. if B. when C. that D. which (2006安徽卷-29)簡(jiǎn)析：考查關(guān)聯(lián)詞that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為thought，that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)thought的內(nèi)容，由于從句太長(zhǎng)，故移至句末以保持句子平衡。C正確，注意不能誤選which。真題2：We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. if B. where C. wh

34、ether D. that (2006江蘇卷-35)簡(jiǎn)析：考查whether引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句。這個(gè)句子中的of可以省略，形式上看，of后面的從句為介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句，但實(shí)際上of連接的question與whether引導(dǎo)的從句是同位關(guān)系。因此C正確，注意不能誤選if，在表示“是否”含義時(shí)，用在介詞后或在同位語(yǔ)從句中不可用if。九、定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別強(qiáng)調(diào)句型一般總是使用It isthat這個(gè)句式，將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分（主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）放在句式里。這個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞that沒(méi)有任何實(shí)際意義，僅僅起連接作用，但一般情況下不省略。當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)有一種趨勢(shì)：如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)是人，則可用who；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的賓語(yǔ)是人，則可用賓

35、格whom；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，則可用when；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，則可用where。定語(yǔ)從句一般不用It is開(kāi)頭，而且定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞that在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分。試比較以下兩個(gè)句子：It is Professor Johnson who is to visit China Agricultural University next week.是約翰遜教授計(jì)劃下周訪問(wèn)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)。 （強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，who可以換成that）This is Professor Johnson, who is to visit China Agricultural University next week.這是約翰遜教授

36、，他計(jì)劃下周訪問(wèn)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)。 （定語(yǔ)從句，who不可以換成that）【透視高考題】真題：It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.A. because B. which C. since D. that (2004福建卷-35)簡(jiǎn)析：考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ)，但不能誤選because，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型不管強(qiáng)調(diào)什么成分，都可以用that。故D是正確答案。十、定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練I. 語(yǔ)法鑒賞。下列這句話的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)有8種，它們都正確，請(qǐng)觀察、分析和體會(huì)它們?cè)诰涫?、用詞和文體上的區(qū)別。

37、他出生的那天是元旦。 The day on which he was born was New Years Day. The day which he was born on was New Years Day. The day that he was born on was New Years Day. The day he was born on was New Years Day. The day when he was born was New Years Day. The day that he was born was New Years Day. The day he was b

38、orn was New Years Day. When he was born was New Years Day.II. 選擇填空。從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)填空。1. Anyway, that evening, _ Ill tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place.A. when B. where C. what D. which (2006湖南卷-30)2. She was educated at Beijing University, _ she went on to have her

39、advanced study abroad.A. after that B. from that C. from which D. after which (2006陜西卷-8)3. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering.A. that B. whose C. those D. what (2005天津卷-13)4. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003,

40、 _ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union.A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time (2005重慶卷-32)5. The schools themselves admit that not all students will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained.A. in that B. for that C. in which

41、 D. for which (2005江西卷-25)6. I walked in our garden, _ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.A. which B. when C. where D. that (2005遼寧卷-28)7. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A. that B. what C. as D. which (2005遼寧卷-28)8. Is that the small town you often

42、refer to? Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for years.A. that B. which C. where D. what (2005福建卷-35)9. Some researchers believe that there is no debt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.A. which B. that C. what D. whether (2005廣東卷-34)10. _ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two

43、 countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What (2004北京卷-34)III. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。將下列的句子使用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞合并成定語(yǔ)從句。1. A bus goes to the airport. It runs every ten minutes.2. Our teacher is talking to an Englishwoman. Do you know her?3. Ive got a brother called Tom. He lives in the United States. Hes an engin

44、eer.4. Can you tell me the name of the school? Your father once studied in that school.5. We met a couple on the highway. Their car had broken down.IV. 句子改錯(cuò)。下列的定語(yǔ)從句使用有誤，請(qǐng)改正。1. The valley in that the town lies is heavily polluted.2. Is this the shop where sells childrens shoes?3. This is the place wh

45、ere we first met in.4. I do not know the reason which she came late5.There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, of that five are mine.附定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練參考答案I. 語(yǔ)法鑒賞。第句最為正式，第句最為非正式。II. 選擇填空。1. 【答案】 D 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。從動(dòng)詞句型tell sb. about sth.可以得知，定語(yǔ)從句中少了賓語(yǔ)，所以選擇which，不能誤選when。2. 【答案】 D 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查介詞關(guān)系代

46、詞which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。句意為北大畢業(yè)后出國(guó)留學(xué)深造，故選after which。3. 【答案】 B 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。whose在這個(gè)句子里代替物，whose effects =the effects of which，意指“洪水的影響”。4. 【答案】 A 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。which替代詞先行詞from 1999 to 2003，在那一段時(shí)間里，故用during which time。5. 【答案】 D 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查介詞關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)詞組train sb. for sth.，故選for which。

47、6. 【答案】 C 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。在花園里，顯然是表示地點(diǎn)，關(guān)系代詞用in which或關(guān)系副詞where。7. 【答案】 B 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意是：你知道教室里真正發(fā)生了什么事嗎？根據(jù)句意，從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞應(yīng)使用what。8. 【答案】 C 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。這里替代詞the one實(shí)際上指的就是the small town，我過(guò)去多年在那里工作過(guò)的，故選表示地點(diǎn)的關(guān)系副詞。9. 【答案】 B 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。that引導(dǎo)的從句表明doubt的內(nèi)容。10【答案】 B 【簡(jiǎn)析】考查關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。句意是：正如

48、報(bào)紙所報(bào)道的，兩國(guó)會(huì)談?wù)〉眠M(jìn)展。as在從句中作主語(yǔ)，又代替后面整個(gè)主句。III. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. A bus which (that) goes to the airport runs every ten minutes.2. Do you know the Englishwoman our teacher is talking to?或：Do you know the Englishwoman who (whom/that) our teacher is talking to?或：Do you know the Englishwoman to whom our teacher is tal

49、king?3. My brother Tom, who lives in the United States, is an engineer.4. Can you tell me the name of the school where your father once studied?.5. We met a couple on the highway whose car had broken down.IV. 句子改錯(cuò)。1. The valley in which the town lies is heavily polluted.或：The valley where the town l

50、ies is heavily polluted.或：The valley which (that) the town lies in is heavily polluted.或：The valley the town lies in is heavily polluted.2. Is this the shop which (that) sells childrens shoes?3. This is the place where we first met.或：This is the place in which we first met.4. I do not know the reaso

51、n why she came late.或：I do not know the reason that she came late.或：I do not know the reason she came late.5. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, of which five are mine.高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí) 定語(yǔ)從句精練300題1. We should learn from those _ are always ready to help others. A. who B. whom C. they D. that2.

52、Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _ in China. A. works B. is working C. are working D. has been working3 . Tom is the only one of the students who _ to Shanghai. A. have gone B. have been C. has been D. had gone4. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who a

53、m C. that is D. which am5. The old man has two sons, _ are lawyers. A. both of them B. both of who C. both of whom D. both of they6. He is a man of great knowledge, _ much can be learned. A. in whom B. about whom C. from whom D. of whom7 Do you know the man _ just now? A. to who I nodded B. I nodded

54、 to C. whom I nodded D. Whom I nodded to him.8. The man _ has gone to Japan. A. whom I told you B. that I told you C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about9. Please pass me the dictionary _ cover is black. A. which B. its C. whose D. which of10. The radio set _ last week has been out of order. A. I bought B. I bought it C. which I bought it D. what I bought