H江碾壓混凝土重力壩設(shè)計-1-摘要本設(shè)計要求對位于我國西南地區(qū)H江的某水利樞紐進行了以壩工為重點的工程設(shè)計。本工程以防洪為重點，兼有發(fā)電和灌溉的作用。經(jīng)過對幾種可建造壩型的比較，最終選擇建造高碾壓混凝土重力壩。首先，溢洪道為河川水利樞紐中必備的泄水建筑物，用以排泄水庫不能容納的多余洪水量，保證樞紐擋水建筑物及其它有關(guān)建筑物的安全運行。重力壩通常設(shè)置壩頂溢洪道。本次設(shè)計的調(diào)洪演算在基于水量平衡的基礎(chǔ)上，采用圖解法進行試算，在可行的幾種泄流方案中，擇優(yōu)選出采用的方案和相應(yīng)的設(shè)計與校核水位。然后進入主要建筑物設(shè)計。確定樞紐的組成建筑物，包括擋水建筑物、泄水建筑物、水電站等。在定性分析的基礎(chǔ)上，進行綜合比較，確定出大壩的型式為碾壓混凝土重力壩。在壩型確定的基礎(chǔ)上，確定出大壩的基本剖面和輪廓尺寸，擬定地基的處理方案和壩身構(gòu)造。之后依次進行了細(xì)部構(gòu)造設(shè)計、穩(wěn)定計算、材料力學(xué)法分析、應(yīng)力有限元法，從各個方面驗證了設(shè)計剖面的可行性和合理性。在設(shè)計壩體斷面時，必須本著重力壩依靠自身重量來維持結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定的原則。壩體上游面垂直，只在壩踵附近有陡的折坡，溢流壩上游頂部有倒懸。重力壩壩體的應(yīng)力以材料力學(xué)法分析，壩體穩(wěn)定的條件是壩體和壩基的最大應(yīng)力須在壩段混凝土和壩基巖石的容許應(yīng)力范圍之內(nèi)。重力壩以材料力學(xué)法分析，它可以直接求出壩體橫剖面邊界之內(nèi)的任何一點的應(yīng)力。壩體穩(wěn)定的條件是壩體和壩基的最大應(yīng)力須在壩段混凝土和壩基巖石的容許應(yīng)力范圍之內(nèi)。溢流壩段的分析同上。其次為第二主要建筑物設(shè)計。確定出泄水建筑物的結(jié)構(gòu)型式和輪廓尺寸，進行選線布置。進行水力計算，從挑距和沖刷深度等方面驗證設(shè)計型式的可行性。并進行細(xì)部構(gòu)造設(shè)計。水利工程是關(guān)系到國際民生的重要工程，在設(shè)計過程中，我們要結(jié)合實際考慮下游民眾人身和財產(chǎn)安全，綜合環(huán)境治理，走可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。通過本次設(shè)計，我初步掌握了碾壓混凝土重力壩的設(shè)計方法，了解了這樣一個水利工程項目建設(shè)的主要步驟，學(xué)習(xí)如何把所學(xué)專業(yè)知識運用到實際工作過程當(dāng)中。作為一名水利設(shè)計工作者，擔(dān)負(fù)著重大的責(zé)任，我們要本著獻身，求實，負(fù)責(zé)的精神，為我國水利事業(yè)的發(fā)展貢獻力量。關(guān)鍵詞：碾壓混凝土重力壩；有限單元法；H江碾壓混凝土重力壩設(shè)計-2-AbstractThedesignisdesignedforoneriverwatercontrolprojectlyingtotheSouthwestofChinaandthedamconstructionisemphasized.Aftermakingandevaluatingalternativeeconomicestimatesofthepossibletypeofdam,wechosethetypeofhighRCCD.Thespillwayisanecessarydischargestructureforariverproject,whichisusedtodischargetheexcessfloodthatthereservoircannotaccommodatesoastoguaranteetheprojectretainingstructureandotherstructuresecurityrun.Usuallythegravitydaminstallsspillwayinthecrest.Thedesignofthebloodcalculusbasedonthewaterbalance,andIusedthelistalgorithm,findoutthebestoneinthepracticablespillingalternatives,withtheirdesignwaterlevelandcheckwaterleveltogether.Thenitisthemainstructuredesigngrade.thepartsofprojectaredefined,consistingofblockingstructure,spillwaystructure,hydropowerstation,andsoon.Thedamtypeisdefinedbasedonthequalitativeanalysis.Thebasiscrosssectionandtheoutlinedimensionisdefinedinthefirstmainstructuredesigngrade.Theprocessingalternativeofthedamfoundationandtheconstructionofthedambodyisformulatedinthesametime.Afterthis,thefeasibilityofdesignconstructionisverifiedfromdetailconstructionplan,infiltratingstabilityanalysis,gravitymethodsanalyzed,FEMtheory,seepagecompute.Whenwedesignthecrosssectionofagravitydam,wemustrelyontheprinciplethatagravitydamdependsonitsownweightforstructuralstability.Inthisdesign,thedownstreamfaceisuniformslopeandwouldintersecttheupstreamfaceatthemaximumreservoirlevel.Theupstreamfaceisnormallyverticalexceptingforsteepbatterneartheheel.Iusedmechanicsofmaterialstoanalyzethestressofthegravitydam.Forthegravitydamtobestable,maximumstressesinthedamsectionandthefoundationshouldbewithinthepermissiblestressoftheconcreteusedinthedamsectionandthefoundationrockrespectively.Gravitydamscanbeanalyzedbygravitymethods.Itprovidesadirectmethodofcalculatingstressesatanypointwithintheboundariesofatransversesectionofthedam.ThentheauthorhasmadeaparticularanalysisandresearchinthebasisoftheFEMtheorywithaprojectpracticeandliteraturesresearch.Afterthat,studyontheFEMtheorycitedbytheanalysisoftheseepage.Theauthorhasanalyzeditsseepage-controlmeasuresandseepagecharacteristics.Waterconservancyprojectisanimportantinternationalpeopleslivelihoodprojects,duringthedesignprocess,wehavetoconsiderinlightoftheactualpeopleinthelowerreachesofthepersonalandpropertysecurity,integratedenvironmentalmanagement,sustainabledevelopmentstrategiesThroughthisdesign,IhavemasteredtheinitialRCCgravitydamdesignmethod,tounderstandsuchawaterprojectconstructionsteps,learninghowtolearntouseprofessionalknowledgetotheprocessofpracticalwork.Designedasawaterworker,水利水電工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計-3-chargedwithgreatresponsibility,wehavetothespiritofdedication,pragmaticandresponsiblespirit,thecauseofChinaswaterresourcesdevelopment.Keywords:RCCD；finiteelementmethod(FEM)；H江碾壓混凝土重力壩設(shè)計-1-目錄摘要.-1-第一章綜合說明.-3-1.1樞紐任務(wù).-3-1.1.1發(fā)電.-3-1.1.2防洪.-3-1.1.3航運.-3-1.2設(shè)計要求.-4-1.3工程特性表.-4-第二章設(shè)計基礎(chǔ)資料.-6-2.1自然地理.-6-2.1.1流域概況.-6-2.1.2氣候特征.-6-2.1.3徑流、洪水、泥沙.-7-2.2工程地質(zhì).-13-2.2.1地震烈度.-13-2.2.2地形地貌.-13-2.2.3地層巖性.-13-2.2.4地質(zhì)構(gòu)造.-13-2.2.5巖體物理力學(xué)性質(zhì).-14-2.3碾壓混凝土層面和大壩建基面的抗剪強度指標(biāo).-15-2.4各分區(qū)砼相應(yīng)齡期的抗壓強度指標(biāo).-15-2.5筑壩材料.-17-2.6水庫淹沒及移民安置.-17-2.6.1LT水庫淹沒影響實物指標(biāo).-17-2.6.2移民安置規(guī)劃.-17-2.7施工組織.-18-2.7.1施工條件.-18-2.7.2對外交通.-18-2.7.3材料供應(yīng).-18-第三章洪水調(diào)節(jié)計算.-19-3.1調(diào)洪演算.-19-3.2壩頂高確定.-19-第四章樞紐布置與壩型選擇.-21-4.1樞紐布置.-21-4.1.1工程等級及建筑物級別劃分.-21-4.1.2樞紐布置.-21-4.1.3壩型選擇.-21-第五章大壩設(shè)計.-23