123職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)2012年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試?yán)砉ゎ?lèi)A級(jí)真題閱讀理解出處第45篇SmallButWiseOnDecember14,NASA1blastedasmallbutmightytelescopeintospace.ThetelescopeiscalledWISEandisaboutaswidearoundasatrashcan.Dontletitssmallsizefoolyou:WISEhasapowerfuldigitalcamera,anditwillbetakingpicturesofsomethewildestobjects2intheknownuniverse,includingasteroids,faintstars,blazinggalaxies3andgiantcloudsofdustwhereplanetsandstarsareborn.Imveryexcitedbecauseweregoingtobeseeingpartsoftheuniversethatwehaventseenbefore,saidNedWright,ascientistwhodirectstheWISEproject.Sincearrivinginspace,theWISEtelescopehasbeencirclingtheEarth,heldbygravityinapolarorbit4(thismeansitcrossesclosetothenorthandsouthpoleswitheachlap5).Itscameraispointedoutward,awayfromtheEarth,andWISEwillsnapapictureofadifferentpartoftheskyevery11minutes.Aftersixmonthsitwillhavetakenpicturesacrosstheentiresky.ThepicturestakenbyWISEwontbelikeeverydaydigitalphotographs,however.WISEstandsforWide-fieldInfraredSurveyExplorer.Asitsnamesuggests,theWISEcameratakespicturesoffeaturesthatgiveoffinfraredradiation6.Radiationisenergythattravelsasawave.Visiblelight,includingthefamiliarspectrumoflight7thatbecomesvisibleinarainbow,isanexampleofradiation.Whenanordinarydigitalcameratakesapictureofatree,forexample,itreceivesthewavesofvisiblelightthatarereflectedoffthetree.Whenthesewavesenterthecamerathroughthelens,theyreprocessedbythecamera,whichthenputstheimagetogether.Wavesofinfraredradiationarelongerthanwavesofvisiblelight,soordinarydigitalcamerasdontseethem,andneitherdotheeyesofhumanbeings.Althoughinvisibletotheeye,longerinfraredradiationcanbedetectedaswarmthbytheskin.ThatsakeyideatowhyWISEwillbeabletoseethingsothertelescopescant.Noteverythingintheuniverseshowsupinvisiblelight.Asteroids,forexample,aregiantrocksthatfloatthroughspacebuttheyabsorbmostofthelightthatreachesthem.Theydontreflectlight,sotheyredifficulttosee.Buttheydogiveoffinfraredradiation,soaninfraredtelescopelikeWISEwillbeabletoproduceimagesofthem.DuringitsmissionWISEwilltakepicturesofhundredsofthousandsofasteroids.Browndwarfs8areanotherkindofdeep-spaceobjectthatwillshowupinWISEspictures.Theseobjectsarefailedstarswhichmeanstheyarenotmassiveenoughtojumpstart9thesamekindofreactionsthatpowerstarssuchasthesun.Instead,browndwarfssimplyshrinkandcooldown.Theyresodimthattheyrealmostimpossibletoseewithvisiblelight,butintheinfraredspectrumtheyglow.詞匯：trashcan/tr?,k?n/n.垃圾箱infrared/infr?red/adj.紅外線asteroid/?st?r?id/n.小行星dwarf/dw?:f/n.矮星注釋?zhuān)?23職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)1.NASA(美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局)是縮寫(xiě)詞，全稱(chēng)是NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration。2.thewildestobjects：任何你能想象得到的天體。wild有“未被人馴養(yǎng)的”“荒唐的”“離奇的”意思。3.faintstars,blazinggalaxies：指的是那些只能看到微弱的光和因燃燒而無(wú)法觀察到的天體。4.polarorbit：極地軌道。指軌道平面與赤道面夾角為90。的人造地球衛(wèi)星軌道。人造衛(wèi)星運(yùn)行時(shí)能到達(dá)南北極區(qū)上空，即衛(wèi)星能飛經(jīng)全球范圍的上空。需要在全球范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行觀測(cè)和應(yīng)用的氣象衛(wèi)星、導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星、地球資源衛(wèi)星等都采用這種軌道。5.lap：一圈。原指競(jìng)賽場(chǎng)的一圈或游泳池的一個(gè)來(lái)回，如：Sheovertooktheotherrunnersonthelastlap.她最后一圈超過(guò)了其他參賽者。6.infraredradiation：紅外線輻射7.spectrumoflight：光譜，即，光輻射的波長(zhǎng)分布區(qū)域。8.Browndwarfs：褐矮星。褐矮星非常暗淡，很難發(fā)現(xiàn)它們，要確定它們的大小就更加困難。9.jumpstart:啟動(dòng)練習(xí)：1.WhatissospecialaboutWISE?AItissmallinsizebutcarriesalargecamera.BItisassmallasatrashcan.CItsdigitalcameracanhelpastronomerstoseetheunknownspace.DNeverbeforehasatelescopecarriedadigitalcamerainspace.2.WhichisNOTthesynonymforthewordsnapinthethirdparagraph?Amake.Bshoot.Ctake.Dphotograph.3.ThecameraonWISEAisnodifferentfromanordinarycamera.Bdoesnotseeinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameradoes.Ccatchestheinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameradoesnot.Dreflectslightthathumaneyescansee.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectaboutasteroidsaccordingtoparagraph7?AAsteroidsfloatthroughspacegivingoffvisiblelight.BAsteroidsdonotreflectlightthatreachesthem.CItisdifficulttotakeasteroidspicturesbyordinarycameras,DTheWISEtelescopecantakepicturesofasteroids5.Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?ABrowndwarfsgiveoffvisiblelight.BBrowndwarfsgiveoffinfraredradiation.123職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)CBrowndwarfsarepowerstarslikethesun.DBrowndwarfsareimpossibletoseewiththeWISEtelescope.$pager$答案與題解：1.C短文的第一和第二段提供了答案。WISE的特殊之處就在于，雖然體積小，但它的數(shù)碼相機(jī)能拍到任何天體，所以能夠幫助天文學(xué)家觀測(cè)到宇宙空間中(intheknownuniverse)的未知天文現(xiàn)象。其他選項(xiàng)都不是短文表達(dá)的意思。2.Asnap是個(gè)多義詞，可以解釋為“拍照”，更為確切的意思是“拍快照”。這里shoot,take和photograph都是snap的同義詞。3.C短文第六段和第四段提供了答案。人類(lèi)的肉眼和普通相機(jī)看到的光是visiblelights，看不見(jiàn)紅外線輻射(infraredradiation)，而WISE的相機(jī)能夠看到。4.A短文第七段第二句說(shuō)并非所有的宇宙中的物體都會(huì)發(fā)出可見(jiàn)光，比如asteroids，所以A是正確選項(xiàng)。其他選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容都可以在該段中找到。5.B最后一段的第一句說(shuō)，褐矮星能出現(xiàn)在WISE照片中，根據(jù)上文對(duì)WISE望遠(yuǎn)鏡的描述只有WISE望遠(yuǎn)鏡才能拍到紅外線射線，所以B是正確選擇?！咀g文】小而聰明12月14日，美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局發(fā)射了一個(gè)體積小而威力大的望遠(yuǎn)鏡，它的名字叫“WISE”(聰明)，大約只有一個(gè)垃圾盒子那么寬。你可千萬(wàn)不要輕視這個(gè)小東西，WISE可是一款商強(qiáng)數(shù)碼相機(jī)，它將在人類(lèi)已知的宇宙里拍攝任何你所能想到的天體，包括小行星、那些只能看到微弱的光和因燃燒而無(wú)法觀察的天體，以及自行星和恒星誕生以來(lái)的巨大塵埃云。NedWright是主持WISE項(xiàng)目的科學(xué)家，他說(shuō)：“我十分興奮，因?yàn)槲覀兙鸵吹揭郧皬奈纯吹竭^(guò)的那部分宇宙”。到達(dá)宇宙空間后，WISE由于受極地軌道重力作用，一直在圍繞地球旋轉(zhuǎn)。(這意味著，每轉(zhuǎn)一圈，它就離南極和北極靠近)。它的鏡頭是向外的，遠(yuǎn)離地球。每11分鐘WISE就會(huì)抓拍天空一個(gè)不同的部分。六個(gè)月之后，它將把整個(gè)天空拍攝完畢。然而，WISE拍攝的相片不會(huì)像我們?nèi)粘５臄?shù)碼相片。WISE是Wide-fieldInfraredSurveyExplorer(廣域紅外勘測(cè)探測(cè)器)的縮寫(xiě)。正如名字所示，WISE能拍到發(fā)出紅外線輻射物體的相片。輻射是波浪狀行進(jìn)的一種能量。人能看到的光，包括大家熟悉的、在彩虹里看到的光譜就是射線的一個(gè)例子。當(dāng)普通的數(shù)碼相機(jī)給一棵樹(shù)照相時(shí)，它能接收到樹(shù)反射回來(lái)的、可見(jiàn)的光波。光波通過(guò)鏡頭進(jìn)入到相機(jī)里，相機(jī)對(duì)它進(jìn)行加工，然后把圖像合成。紅外線的波長(zhǎng)比可見(jiàn)光長(zhǎng)，所以，普通的數(shù)碼相機(jī)捕捉不到他們，人眼也看不到這種射線。盡管人們看不到，人的皮膚能感受到較長(zhǎng)紅外線帶來(lái)的溫暖。這就是為什么WISE能捕捉到其他望遠(yuǎn)鏡看不到的物體的