2012年1月研究生英語學(xué)位考試真題及答案12012年1月研究生英語學(xué)位考試真題及答案A卷PaperOnePartIListeningComprehension(25minutes,20points)SectionA(1pointeach)1.AHehasspentmanydayswritinghislinguisticstermpaper.BHespentonedayworkingonhislinguisticstermpaper.CHistermpaperonlinguisticswasdoneyesterday.DHislinguistictermpaperwasdueseveraldaysbeforeyesterday.2.ATherewillbemanypeopleattheparty.BThemanwilldohisassignmentbeforetheparty.CShesnotgoingtotheparty.DThemanwontbeabletogototheparty.3.AHeisntseriousabouttheexpedition.BItwillcosthimalotofmoney.COtherpeoplepaidforhisairfare. 飛機(jī)票價(jià)DItisntfairforhimtogoalone.4.AThePersonnelManagerisnothere.BMr.SmithisthePersonnelManager.CThePersonnelManagerisonvacation.DMrs.JonesisthenewPersonnelManager.5.AInagardenBInanorchard. 果園CInashopDInakitchen.6.AHalfamonthBOneandahalfmonthsCTwomonthsDTwoandahalfmonths7.AAvenuesruneastandwest.BStreetsareinthedowntownarea.CAvenuesrunnorthandsouth.DStreetsareinthewestsideoftheNewWork.8.APickupthemanat5:00.BMeetherfriendsattherestaurant.CMakedinnerfortheman.DDohererrands差使afterdinner.9.AItwillbereadybythreeoclocktoday.BItcanbepickedupattwooclocktomorrow.CItwillbereadyintwohours.DOnlytworollswillbereadyontime.SectionB(1pointeach)Mini-talkOne10.A24timesB46timesC68timesDAbout10times11.ADreamsshowpeopleareworkingatnight.BDreamshelppeoplelookatdaily-lifesituationsandfears.CDreamscanhelpussolveourproblems.DDreamsallowustohavedifferentpersonalities.12.AKingandqueen=ourparents.BSmallanimals=children.CAlongjourney=worriesaboutthedeadDCrossingariver=makinganimportantdecision.Mini-talkTwo13.A400B1400C4000D440014.ADriveinastraight-lineBWalkalongawhiteline.CPassthebreathtestDAlloftheabove15.AWalkingtoworkBReceivingafineCBeingnotallowedtodriveforawhile.DPayingmoreforhisinsurance.SectionC(1pointeach)16)LectureTopic_17)Step1_18)Step2_19)Step3_20)Step4_PartIIVocabulary(10minutes,10points)SectionA(0.5pointeach)21.Thegirlwasfortuneenoughtoliveunderthecareofaninvolvedfatherandalovingmother.AsympatheticBconvictedCconcernedDseparated22.Thereiscompellingevidencethatpollutionisresponsibleformanydeadlydiseases,suchascancer.AconvincingBcontroversialCconsistentDcontradictory23.Theadvantageofthelatestmodelwillmanifestitselfinimprovedefficiencyandprotectionofeye-sight.AinvestBconcentrateCplungeDexhibit24.Alltherecommendationsandadvicewillbeconsideredinearnestbeforeanyactionistaken.AbeforehandBseriouslyCunanimously （adv. 全體一致地）Denthusiastically25.Sometimesyouhavetotakewhatissaidonlinewithagrainofsalt（抱有懷疑態(tài)度）,otherwisetherewouldbetoomuchnews.AcompletelyBwillinglyCtheoreticallyDskeptically26.Industrializedcountriesareonthecutting-edgeofthetrendofglobalizationthatisspreadingworldwide.AextremefrontBeffectivequalityCunderlyingforceDfierceopponent.27.Thehugeprofitfrompatentrightsforcesmanycompaniestodevelopnewproductsontheirown.AsecretlyBindependentlyCjointlyDreadily28.Inspiteofhisdiminishinginfluence,thisseniorscientistshasasayinsomeimportantissues.AexpandingBpiercingCdecreasingDlasting29.Ithasbeenscientificallyprovedthatmandoeshavesomeinherentabilitiesthatotherspeciesdontpossess.AgeneticBinternalCpeculiarDinborn30.TheyoungGalileocarriedonhisexperiments,turningadeafeartohisfathersplea.AsuspendedBcontinuedCfulfilledDcompleted.SectionB(0.5pointeach)31.Toomuchtimehas_sinceweworkedonthisproject.AcirculatedBelapsedCoccupiedDdetached32.Thegirlfreshfromcollegefinallyreceivedajob_shehadbeenexpecting.Arequest請求BpleaCsuggestionDoffer提議33.Howeverbusyweare,welltrytogetbackhome_thedinnerontheeveoftheLunarNewYear.AintimeforBinexchangeforCinstoreforDinreturnfor34.Somedifficultchoicesinvolvinglifeanddeatharesimplyoutsidethe_ofeconomicanalysis.AdimensionBscaleCdomainDspace35.Chinaseconomy,whichwasnowonthebrinkofcollapse,wasbeginningto_aftertheimplementationofreformandopening-up.ApayoffBtakeoffCleaveoffDdropoff減少36.Afteramonthorso,shecametodislikethesubjectandwishedshehadnot_it_.Aput.up提供Bgiven.upCtakenup拿起Dmadeup37.Itisconsideredacrimeto_anelectionofanykindbybribingvoters.AfabricateBlaunchCpopulate填充Dmanipulate38.Visitorstothisplateauarelikelytohavea_headacheforthefirstfiveyears.Asplitting（劇烈的；滑稽的）Bslapping（拍擊）Cslicing（切片）Dsprawling（爬）39.Thecentralgovernmentisintensifyingeffortstopopularize_educationinrurallocalities.AvoluntaryBimpulsiveCinstinctiveDcompulsory40.Theyarestudyingwhatkindofpreferencesmight_thissurgingdemandforhome-madeTVsets.Atakeafancy喜歡toBbringintoplayCgiveriseto（引起）Dgrowoutof產(chǎn)生于PartIIIClozeTest(10minutes,10points,1pointeach)Nobodylikestakingexams;examsinyourownlanguagecanbestressfulenoughbutsomehowexamsinaforeignlanguagealwaysseemtocausemoreworryandanxiety.Well,thegoodnewsisthat,ifyou41somesimplesteps,takingEnglishlanguageexamscanbereallyquite42.Itwontexactlybefun,butitcertainlyshouldntgiveyoutoomanyheadachesorsleeplessnights.Ifyouareplanningto43oneofthewell-knownexamssuchasCambridgeFirstCertificate,youwillprobablyfindthattheresapreparationcourse44ataschoolnearyou.Checkthattheschoolhasagood45ofexamsuccessandthattheteacheris46.Itisagoodideatoaskifyouwillbegivenhomeworkand47yourwrittenworkwillbemarkedbyateacherwhoknowsthelevelofEnglish48bytheexam.Ifyoutakeanexampreparationcourseyourteacherwillgiveyoualltheinformationyouneedandyouwillfindthat49inaclasshelpsyoutostudymoreeffectively.Butyouwillstillneedto50inalotofworkyourself(afterall,theteachercanttaketheexamforyou.)41.AmindBwalkCfollowDkeep42.AfascinatingBpainlessCenjoyableDmarvelous43.AhaveBprepareCparticipateDtake44.ApossibleBavailableCofferingDexisting45.AmanagementBfoundationCexpectationDrecord46.AexperienceBexperiencingCexperiencedDexperiences47.AhowBthatCwhatDwhether48.ArequiredBdeterminedCcorrespondedDaccorded49.AgoingBcomingCbeingDgetting50.AputBactCsitDgivePartIVReadingComprehension(45minutes,30points,1pointeach)Passage1Thereareover6,000differentcomputerandonlinegamesintheworldnow.Asegmentofthemareconsideredtobebotheducationalandharmlesslyentertaining.Onesuchgameteachesgeography,andanothertrainspilots.Otherstraintheplayerinthelogicalthinkingandproblemsolving.Somegamesmayalsohelpyoungpeopletobecomemorecomputerliterate,whichismoreimportantinthistechnology-drivenera.Butthedarksideofthecomputergameshasbecomemoreandmoreobvious.Asegmentofgamesfeaturesanti-socialthemesofviolence,sexandcrudelanguage,saysDavidWalsh,presidentoftheNationalInstituteonMediaandFamily.Unfortunately,itsasegmentthatseemsparticularlypopularwithkidsagedeighttofifteen.Onestudyshowedthatalmost80percentofthecomputerandonlinegamesyoungpeoplepreferredcontainedviolence.TheinvestigatorssaidThesearenotjustgamesanymore.Thesearelearningmachines.Wereteachingkidsinthemostincrediblemannerwhatitsliketopullthetrigger.Whattheyarenotlearningarethereal-lifeconsequences.TheyalsosaidThenewandmoresophisticatedgamesareevenworse,becausetheyhavebettergraphicsandallowtheplayertoparticipateinevenmorerealisticviolentacts.InthegameCarmageddon,forexample,theplayerwillhavedrivenoverandkilledupto33,000peoplebythetimealllevelsarecompleted.Adescriptionoftheoutcomeofthegamesays:Yourvictimsnotonlysquishunderyourtiresandsplatterbloodonthewindshield,theyalsogetontheirkneeandbegformercy,orcommitsuicide.Ifyoulike,youcanalsodismemberthem. Isallthissimulatedviolenceharmful?Approximately3,000differentstudieshavebeenconductedonthissubject.Manyhavesuggestedthatthereisaconnectionbetweenviolenceingamesandincreasedaggressivenessintheplayers.Somespecialistsdownplaytheinfluenceofthegames,sayingthatotherfactorsmustbetakenintoconsideration,suchasthepossibilitythatkidswhoalreadyhaveviolenttendenciesarechoosingsuchgames.Butcoulditbethatviolentgamesstillplayacontributingrole?Itseemsunrealistictoinsistthatpeoplearenotinfluencedbywhattheysee.Ifthatweretrue,whywouldthecommercialworldspendbillionsofdollarsannuallyfortelevisionadvertising?51.WhichofthefollowingcomputergamesisNOTmentionedaseducationalandharmlesslyentertaining?AThosethathelppeoplelearnmoreaboutcomputers.BThosethatteachthefeaturesoftheearth.CThosethatprovidespecialtrainingforwritersonline.CThosethatprovidespecialtrainingforpilots.52.Accordingtoonestudy,mostcomputerandonlinegames_Aallowtheplayerstotakepartinkillingacts.Bteachtheplayerstobeantisocial.Cmaketheplayersforgettherealliferesults.Dthatyoungpeoplelikedcontainviolence53.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddismemberinParagraph4mean?ATokicksomebodyout.BTocutsomebodyintopieces.CTodismisssomebodyDTostabaknifeintosomebody54.Manystudieshavesuggestedthat_Amoreandmoreyoungpeopleenjoycruelcomputergames.Bviolenceincomputergamesmakestheirplayersmoreaggressive.Ctherearenowfarmoreincidentsofviolenceduetocomputergames.Dsimulatedviolenceincomputergamesisdifferentfromrealviolence.55.Theauthorusestelevisionadvertisingasanexampletoshowthat_Aotherfactorsmustbeconsideredaspossiblecausesofviolenceinreallife.Bcomputerandonlinegamesarenottheonlycauseofincreasedviolenceinreallife.CthecommercialworldiscontributingtotheincreasedviolenceinreallifeDthereisacloselinkbetweencomputergamesandincreasedviolenceinreallife.56.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_ATheDarkSideofComputerGames.BComputerGames-AdvantagesandDisadvantagesCTheDevelopmentofViolentComputerGames.DAStudyontheInfluenceofComputerGamesPassageTwoThecollapseoftheEarthsmagneticfield-whichguardstheplanetandguidesmanyofitscreatures-appearstohavestartedseriouslyabout150yearsago,theNewYorkTimesreportedlastweek.Thefieldsstrengthhasdecreasedby10or15percentsofarandthishasincreasedthedebateoverwhetheritsignalsareversaloftheplanetslinesofmagneticforce.Duringareversal,themainfieldweakens,almostvanishes,andreappearswithoppositepolarity.Thetransitionwouldtakethousandsofyears.Oncecompleted,compassneedlesthathadpointednorthwouldpointsouth.Areversalcouldcauseproblemsforbothmanandanimals.Astronautsandsatelliteswouldhavedifficulties.Birds,fishandanimalsthatrelyonthemagneticfieldfornavigationwouldfindmigrationconfusing.Butexpertssaidtheeffectswouldnotbeabigdisaster;despiteclaimsofdoomandvagueevidenceoflinksbetweenpastfieldreversalsandspeciesextinctions.Althoughatotaltransitionmaybehundredsorthousandsofyearsaway,therapiddeclineinmagneticstrengthisalreadyaffectingsatellites.Lastmonth,theEuropeanSpaceAgencyapprovedtheworldslargesteffortattrackingthefieldsshifts.Agroupofnewsatellites,calledSwarm,istomonitorthecollapsingfieldwithfargreaterprecision.Wewanttogetsomeideaofhowthiswouldevolveinthenearfuture,justlikepeopletryingtopredicttheweather,saidGauthierHulot,aFrenchgeophysicistworkingonthesatelliteplan.Impersonallyquiteconvincedweshouldbeabletoworkoutthefirstpredictionsbytheendofthemission.Nomatterwhatthenewfindings,thepublichasnoreasontopanic.Evenifatransitioniscomingonitsway,itmighttake2,000yearstomature.Thelastonetookplace780,000yearsago,whenearlyhumanswerelearninghowtomakestonetools.DeepinsidetheEarthflowhotcurrentsofmeltediron.Thismechanicalenergycreateselectromagnetism.Theprocessisknownasthegeophysicalgenerator.Inacarsgenerator,thesameprincipleturnsmechanicalenergyintoelectricity.Nooneknowspreciselywhythefieldperiodicallyreversals.Butscientistssaytheresponsibilityprobablylieswithchangesinthedisorderlyflowsofmeltediron,whichtheyseeassimilartothegasesthatmakeupthecloudsofJupiter.57.Accordingtothepassage,theEarthsmagneticfieldhas_Abeguntochangeintheoppositedirection.Bbeenweakeninginstrengthforalongtime.Ccausedthechangesonthepolarities.Dmisguidedmanyamanand animal58.DuringthetransitionoftheEarthsmagneticfield_Athecompasswillbecomeuseless.Bmanandanimalswillbeconfusedastodirections.CthemagneticstrengthoftheEarthwilldisappear.DthemagneticstrengthoftheEarthwillbestronger.59.Accordingtotheexperts,thereversaloftheEarthsmagneticfieldwould_AdestroyalmostallthecreaturesontheEarthBcausesomespeciesextinctionsontheEarth.Cnotbeasdisastrousasthepreviousone.Dcausenobigtroubleformanandanimals.60.Accordingtothepassage,_AweshouldnotworryaboutthetransitionoftheEarthsmagneticfield.BtheEarthsmagneticfieldwillnotchangeforatleast2,000years.CtheEarthsmagneticfieldhasdecreaseditsstrengthrapidly.DthetransitionoftheEarthsmagneticfieldcanbecontrolledbymodernscience.61.Theauthorsaysthepublichasnoreasontopanicbecause_Athetransitionisstillthousandsofyearsaway.Bthenewtransitionwillcome780,000yearsfromnow.Cthetransitioncanbepreciselypredictedbyscientists.Dtheprocessofthetransitionwilltakeaverylongtimetofinish.62.ThetransitionoftheEarthsmagneticfieldispossiblecausedby_AtheflowsofmeltedironinsidetheEarthBtheperiodicalmovementoftheEarth.CthemechanicalenergyofthesolarsystemDtheforcecomingfromouterspace.PassageThreeTheterroristattacksinLondonThursdayservedasastunningreminderthatintodaysworld,youneverknowwhatyoumightseewhenyoupickupthenewspaperorturnontheTV.Disturbingimagesofterrorcantriggeraninstinctiveresponsenomatterhowcloseorfarawayfromhometheventhappened.Throughouthistory,everymilitaryconflicthasinvolvedpsychologicalwarfareinonewayoranotherastheenemysoughttobreakthemoralsoftheiropponent.Butthankstoadvancesintechnology,thepopularityoftheInternet,andproliferationofnewscoverage,therulesofengagementinthistypeofmentalbattlehavechanged.Whetheritsamassiveattackorasinglehorrificact,theeffectsofpsychologicalwarfarearentlimitedtothephysicaldamageinflicted.Instead,thegoaloftheseattacksistoinstillasenseoffearthatismuchgreaterthantheactualthreatitself.Therefore,theimpactofpsychologicalterrordependslargelyonhowtheactsarepublicizedandinterpreted.Butthatalsomeanstherearewaystodefendyourselfandyourlovedonesbyputtingthesefearsintoperspectiveandprotectingyourchildrenfromhorrificimages.WhatIsPsychologicalTerror? Theuseofterrorismasatacticisbaseduponinducingaclimateoffearthatisdisproportionatewiththeactualthreat,saysMiddleEasternhistorianRichardBullietofColumbiaUniversity.Everytimeyouhaveanactofviolen