資料翻譯譯文 液壓卡盤的設(shè)計(jì)方法 1.動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo) 卡盤設(shè)計(jì)是連接設(shè)計(jì)與制造間的一項(xiàng)重要任務(wù)。自動(dòng)化卡盤設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算機(jī)輔助卡盤設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)（卡盤 CAD）是下一代制造系統(tǒng)成功實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵。在這片論文里，討論了一種卡盤設(shè)計(jì)的方法，這種方法有利于在目前環(huán)境下卡盤設(shè)計(jì)的自動(dòng)化。 卡盤設(shè)計(jì)方法的研究已成為國(guó)內(nèi)多家科研工作的重點(diǎn)。作者：周在對(duì)工件的穩(wěn)定和總需求約束了雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，突出重點(diǎn)的工作。在卡盤設(shè)計(jì)中廣泛的運(yùn)用了人工智能（ AI）以及專家系統(tǒng)。部分 CAD 模型幾何信息也被用于卡盤設(shè)計(jì)。 Bidanda 描述了一個(gè)基于規(guī)則的專家 系統(tǒng)，以確定回轉(zhuǎn)體零件的定位和夾緊。夾緊機(jī)制同時(shí)用于執(zhí)行定位和夾緊功能。 DeVor分析了切削力鉆井機(jī)械和建筑模型及其他金屬切削加工?？涤袨樵谥卸x了裝配約束建模的模塊化與卡盤元件之間的空間關(guān)系。一些研究人員采用模塊化卡盤設(shè)計(jì)原則。另一些卡盤設(shè)計(jì)工作者已經(jīng)做了報(bào)告，可以找到卡盤設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的大量的審查工作。 2.卡盤設(shè)計(jì)的整體方法 在本節(jié)中，描述了整體夾緊的設(shè)計(jì)方法。通常對(duì)較理想的位置的那一部分進(jìn)行夾緊，并減低切削力的影響。夾緊的位置和卡盤設(shè)計(jì)中定位的位置是高度相關(guān)的。通常，夾緊和定位可以通過(guò)同樣的方法來(lái)完成。但 是，不明白這兩個(gè)是卡盤設(shè)計(jì)中不同的方面，可能導(dǎo)致卡盤設(shè)計(jì)的失敗。多數(shù)人的在規(guī)劃過(guò)程中首先解決定位問(wèn)題，這樣可以使開發(fā)的定位與設(shè)計(jì)的定位相契合。不過(guò)，整體定位及設(shè)計(jì)方法不在本文討論范文內(nèi)。 除了零件的設(shè)計(jì)（為此卡盤設(shè)計(jì)有待開發(fā)），公差規(guī)格，過(guò)程序列，定位點(diǎn)和設(shè)計(jì)等因素外，還應(yīng)投入 CAD 模型到卡盤設(shè)計(jì)方法中。這樣的卡盤可以?shī)A緊并支撐定位器。指導(dǎo)使用的主要內(nèi)容應(yīng)盡量不抵制切割或加工過(guò)程和中所涉及的操作。相反，應(yīng)定位卡盤，使切削力在正確的方向，這將有助于保持在一個(gè)特定的部分加工操作安全。通過(guò)引導(dǎo)對(duì)定位器的切割力量， 部分（或工件）被固定，固定定位點(diǎn)，因此不能移動(dòng)的定位器。 在這里討論的卡盤的設(shè)計(jì)方法必須在整體卡盤設(shè)計(jì)方法的范圍內(nèi)。在此之前進(jìn)行定位器 /支撐和卡盤設(shè)計(jì)的初步階段，涉及到的分析和識(shí)別的功能、相關(guān)的公差和其他規(guī)范是必要的。根據(jù)初步的評(píng)估和測(cè)定，定位 /支撐設(shè)計(jì)與卡盤設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果的在此基礎(chǔ)上可以同時(shí)進(jìn)行。本文對(duì)所描述卡盤設(shè)計(jì)的方法討論基于定位器 /支撐設(shè)計(jì)與先前已經(jīng)確定的假設(shè)（包括適當(dāng)?shù)亩ㄎ缓椭С譁y(cè)定一個(gè)工件的定位，以及識(shí)別和卡盤，如 V 元素的支持面塊，基礎(chǔ)板，定位銷等）。 2.1 卡盤設(shè)計(jì)的輸入 輸入包括對(duì)特定產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)翼邊模型，公差信息，提取的特征，過(guò)程順序和部分在給定的每一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)的相關(guān)特性的加工方向，面向的位置和定位裝置，以及加工過(guò)程中的各種工序，須出示每個(gè)相應(yīng)的功能。 2.2 卡盤設(shè)計(jì)的方法 具體步驟概述如下： 第 1 步：設(shè)置配置清單以及相關(guān)的 進(jìn)程 _功能 條目。 第 2 步：確定方向和夾緊力。輸入必要的加工方向向量 mdv1， mdv2 mdvn，面對(duì)nvs 的支持力，并確定法向量。如果加工方向向下（對(duì)應(yīng)的方向向量 0， 0， -1），和面的支持向量平行于加工方向 ，那么，夾緊力方向平行向下加工方向 0， 0， -1。如果必需要側(cè)面夾緊并沒有可夾緊的地方，那么在其中放置一個(gè)卡盤夾緊下調(diào)，然后邊鉗方向計(jì)算如下。讓 sv 和 tv 輔助常規(guī)的向量代替次要的和三級(jí)定位孔。然后，使用夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)夾緊一個(gè)方向，例如， av 應(yīng)平行于這兩個(gè)法向量，即，正常向量應(yīng)分別與每塊表面的 sv 和 tv 向量平行。側(cè)面夾緊面應(yīng)該是一對(duì)分別平行于面 sv 和 tv 的平面孔。 第 3 步：從列表中選出最大有效加工力。這樣能夠有效的平衡各加工力。 第 4 步：利用計(jì)算出的最高有效加工力，才能確定用來(lái)支撐工件加工的面積的卡盤尺寸（例如， 一個(gè)帶夾子可以作為一個(gè)夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)使用）。 第 5 步：確定給定工件的夾緊面。這一步在第 4 步中所述過(guò)。 第 6 步：該卡盤的夾緊面的實(shí)際位置自動(dòng)在第 5 步中確定?？紤]接下來(lái)的步驟并返回第一步。 本文所討論的方法的獨(dú)特性是零件的夾緊面的幾何形狀，拓?fù)浜凸δ馨l(fā)生了被加工為基礎(chǔ)的系統(tǒng)鑒定。其他方法都沒有利用了定位器的位置，該方法使用定位器在對(duì)持有一級(jí)，二級(jí)和三級(jí)定位器加工的工件。這種方法的另一個(gè)好處是在可行的候選面上確定在面上用卡盤面交點(diǎn)測(cè)試（如前所述），并迅速和有效地確定潛在的下游過(guò)程中可能出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，夾緊和加工的功能檢測(cè)。 3.總結(jié) 在這篇論文中，對(duì)在一個(gè)卡盤設(shè)計(jì)方法的總體框架內(nèi)進(jìn)行了卡盤設(shè)計(jì)方面的討論。 設(shè)計(jì)定位器，規(guī)范零件設(shè)計(jì)，和其他相關(guān)被用來(lái)確定夾緊面和夾緊方向。并討論了各種自動(dòng)化步驟。 液壓卡盤的主要設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ， 概括起來(lái) ，就 是確定最大載荷 ， 根據(jù)最大載荷確定夾緊力 ，根據(jù)夾緊力 ， 計(jì)算碟形彈簧的軸向推力 ， 并按此軸向推力設(shè)計(jì)碟形彈簧。碟形彈簧的設(shè)計(jì)是液壓卡盤的設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵 ,在設(shè)計(jì)和制造上都不能出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題 ， 否則液壓卡盤不可靠 。 該碟形彈簧式液壓卡盤零件較少，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、簡(jiǎn)單，更換卡瓦和其他易損件比較方便。與油缸式卡盤結(jié)構(gòu)相比，液壓系統(tǒng)比較簡(jiǎn) 單，使用的油管少，工作性能穩(wěn)定可靠。 外文原文 Design method of hydraulic chuck - An automated design method of the chuck J. Cecil 1.Motivation and goal Chuck design is an important link between design and manufacturing tasks. Automation design and computer aided chuck chuck chuck (CAD) design development is the key to the next generation of manufacturing system to achieve the target. Discussed in this paper, a method of chuck design, this method is beneficial to chuck in the current environment design automation. Chuck design method research has become the focus of the domestic many scientific research work. Author: weeks on the stability of the artifacts and aggregate demand constraint the double standard, focused work. The chuck widely applied in the design of artificial intelligence (AI) and expert system. Part of the CAD model geometry information has also been used in the design of chuck. Bidanda describes a rule-based expert system, to determine the positioning and clamping of axially symmetrical parts. The clamping mechanism is used to perform the positioning and clamping function at the same time. DeVor drilling machinery and construction analysis of the cutting force model and other metal cutting processing. Kang youwei assembly constraints defined in the modeling of modularization and spatial relationship between chuck components. Some researchers used modular chuck design principles. Other chuck design workers have done a report, you can find the chuck design review related to a lot of work. 2.Chuck design of integral method In this section, describes the whole design method of clamping. Usually for that part of the ideal location for clamping, and reduce the influence of cutting force. The position of the clamping and chuck positioning is highly related to the location of the design. Usually, clamping and positioning can be finished by the same method. But, dont understand this is two different aspects in the design of chuck, may lead to the failure of the chuck is designed. Most people in the process of planning the first solve the problem of positioning, so that we can make development positioning and design of positioning. However, the overall positioning and design method is not discussed in this article the idol. In addition to the components of the design (design) should be developed for this chuck, tolerance specifications, process sequence, anchor point and design factors, such as should also be put into CAD model to chuck design method. The chuck can be clamped and supported locator. The main content of the guide to use should try not to boycott the cutting or machining process and involved in the operation. On the contrary, should locate chuck, make cutting force in the right direction, this will help keep safe operation in a specific part of the processing. Cutting force through the guide to the locator, part of (or workpieces) are fixed, fixed anchor point, so cant move the locator. The chuck here to discuss the design method must be within the scope of the overall design method of chuck. Before this locator/support and initial stage of the chuck design involves the analysis and recognition function, related tolerance and other specifications are necessary. According to preliminary assessment and measurement, design and chuck positioning/support design on the basis of the result can be simultaneously. Chuck described in this paper, the design method is discussed based on the locator/support design with previously established assumptions (including the appropriate location and support of a workpiece positioning, as well as identify and chuck, such as V elements support surface of the block, base plate, pins, etc.). 2.1 chuck design input Input including wing side model, the design of a specific product tolerance information, extract the features, process sequence and some related characteristics of each design in a given processing direction, geared to the needs of the location and positioning device, various working procedure, and the process required to present each of the corresponding function. 2.2 chuck design method Specific steps outlined below: Step 1: set up the configuration list and related process _ function entry. Step 2: determine the orientation and clamping force. Input the necessary processing direction vector mdv1 mdv2. MDVN, face upward force NVS, and normal vector were determined. If processing direction downward (corresponding to the direction of the vector 0, 0, 1), and the support vector parallel to the direction of processing, so, clamping force direction parallel processing downward direction 0, 0, 1. If necessary to side clamp is not capable of clamping, then place a chuck clamping down on them, then side clamp direction calculation as follows. Let sv and TV auxiliary conventional vector instead of the secondary and tertiary locating holes. Then, use the clamping mechanism of clamping a direction, for example, av should be parallel to the two normal vector, i.e., the normal vector should be parallel to each sv and TV on the surface of the vector. Side clamping surface should be a pair of parallel to the plane of sv and flat faces of the TV. Step 3: select the maximum effective processing from the list. It can effectively balance the processing power. Step 4: use to calculate the maximum effective processing, can be used to support the area of the workpiece processing chuck size (for example, a belt clip can be used as a fastening device). Step 5: to determine if a given workpiece clamping surface. This step is described in step 4. Step 6: the chuck clamping the actual location automatically determined in step 5. Consider the following steps and returns the first step. Is discussed in this paper, the method of the uniqueness of parts clamping surface geometry, topology and feature the processed on the basis of system identification. Other methods are not using the locator, the method USES the locator to hold level, secondary and tertiary positioner of the workpieces. Another benefit of this approach is determined on the viable candidate in surface intersection test card disk (as mentioned above), and quickly and effectively identify potential problems may occur during the process of downstream, clamping and processing function of detection. 3. Summary In this paper, on the design method of a chuck chuck design within the overall