虛擬語氣專項訓練（基礎(chǔ)練習）副標題題號IIIIIIIVVVI總分得分一、句型轉(zhuǎn)換（本大題共4小題，共8.0分）1. 同義句改寫 （1）Its a pity that I cant be with you in the next three months How I wish I _ _ with you in the next three months（2）You are badly ill because you didnt see the doctorIf you _ _the doctor，you would not be badly ill（3）It is wet outsideSo we dont allow the children to play in the garden If it _ _wet outside，we would allow the children to play in the garden（4）I didnt take his advice，and now I regret a lot_ _ I _ _ his advice（5）He made many mistakes and he didnt pass the testIf he _ _ many mistakes he _ _the test（6）If it were not for the rain the crops would die The crops would die _ _ _（7）If they hadnt offered us potatoes，we would have died of hunger_ _the potatoes they offered，we would have died of hunger（8）How I wish it were Sunday today_ _ it were Sunday today（9）If Tom had come，we would have caught the thief_ Tom _，we would have caught the thief2. Without UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people working on the projects would not be encouraged.If _ _ _UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people working on the projects would not be encouraged.3. We dont go out very often because we cant afford it. If we_ it, we_ very often.4. The time is not ripe. Id rather you. _ (not, say) anything about it for the time being.二、完成句子（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）5. 你很可能睡不了什么覺，如果你住在慶祝婚禮現(xiàn)場附近。 You probably _ get much sleep if you lived near _ a wedding reception was being held6. Well, if _, Id go on an around-the world tour.7. 完成句子 （1）He talks as if he _.他說話的樣子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。 （2）The girl listened as if she _ to stone.那女孩傾聽著，一動也不動，好像已經(jīng)變成了石頭似的。8. （1） If I _ (be) you, I would go there with him. （2）If I had worked hard in the school, I _ (be) a college student now.（3）_ he _ (follow) your advice, he would have passed the examinations.（4）If you _ (not come) here tomorrow, we would cancel the meeting.（5）He is busy now. If he _ (be) free, he _ (go) with you.（6）_ it _ (rain) tomorrow, the match would be called off.（7）We _ (have) a meeting next Thursday if there _ (be) no other arrangements.（8） Im sorry Im busy now. If I _ (have) time, I _ (come) to see you.（9）If I _ (take) your advice, I _ (not make) such a mistake.（10）We didnt know his telephone number. If we _ (know) it, we _ (invite) him.9. If Tazieff were alive, using modern technique, he _more beautiful photos about active volcanoes. （take） 如果Tazieff還活著的話，利用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，他會拍出更多關(guān)于活火山的漂亮照片。三、單選題（本大題共22小題，共22.0分）10. There is a good social life in the village， and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved（）A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. have had11. He couldnt have listened carefully in the class. Otherwise, he _ the test so hard now.A. didnt feelB. hadnt feelC. wouldnt feelD. wouldnt have felt12. _.every student aware of the importance of study, they would study efficiently.A. WereB. ShouldC. MayD. Had13. If there _ no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A. wasB. beC. wereD. is14. If somebody from 1973 _ a dormitory message board now, he would not understand what_ on it since slang expressions have changed a lot.A. looked at; isB. had looked at; wasC. looks at; should beD. has looked at; was to be15. The two boys look as if they _twins,for they look so much like each other.A. wereB. areC. had beenD. has been16. Without the Internet, these people who are disabled and must stay in their homes _ fewer avenues to meet people.A. haveB. must haveC. would haveD. can have17. If I _ you, I _ her advice.A. was; will takeB. were; will have takenC. were; would takeD. was; took18. _I ended our friendship, we _ have both learnt nothing.A. Have; wouldB. Had; mustC. Have, mustD. Had; would19. If I _ you, I _ her advice.A. was; will takeB. were; will have takenC. were; would takeD. was; took20. Without the new paints and the new technique, we _see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.A. will not be able to B. were not be able to C. would not be able to D. are not be able to 21. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _round the earth.A. were circlingB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling22. Mary is not willing to go abroad because she thinks if she _ there, she wouldnt see her parents very often.A. livesB. is to liveC. would liveD. were to live23. When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups _ nothing.A. would have meantB. would meanC. must have meantD. must mean24. I owe my current success to David, my best friend since childhood, without whom I have no idea where I _ today.A. amB. wasC. would have beenD. would be25. The gap between the rich and the poor makes it essential that the government _ a dynamic solution to the problem.A. must adoptB. adoptC. can adoptD. adopts26. But for the fact thatChinaalso affected by the global financial crisis, we fewer unemployed workers now.A. is; would haveB. were; would haveC. was; would have hadD. were; would have had27. If you _ in love with literature at first, you _ a famous writer now.A. didnt fall, cant beB. should fall, couldnt have beenC. hadnt fall, shouldnt beD. hadnt fall, couldnt be28. I have great difficulty working out this problem._ to me, you _ less difficulty with such problems.A. If you had listened; would have hadB. If you listened; would haveC. Had you listened; would haveD. If you listen; will have29. Mr. Black insisted that he hadnt done anything wrong and that he _ respected by his colleagues.A. isB. wasC. beD. had been30. There is some possibility that the patient could make a full recovery, _ a certain cure for the disease.A. there should beB. was thereC. there wasD. should there be31. Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have negative effects _ to use them wisely and flexibly.A. if the students have failedB. if the students failC. had the students failedD. should the students fail四、單句語法填空（本大題共5小題，共5.0分）32. If I _(be) you, I would apologize immediately.33. If you _(be)with me right now, we would be chatting over a coffee.34. If you had listened to my advice just now, you _(be) better now.35. People say that the art exhibition is worth seeing. I wish I _ (can) go with you butIm too busy these days.36. You dont have to be in a such hurry, I would rather you _ on business first. (go)五、單句改錯（本大題共3小題，共6.0分）37. Either the workers or the boss usually like eating in this restaurant for lunch.38. 句子改錯 (1)If I am you, I would build a small wooden house in the village. _(2)Can you sing any songs, neither in Chinese or in English._(3) Because of the pollution, the villagers are running out the drinking water._(4)In order to strength the protection for the deserts, they formed a special team._(5)A little boy was struggling in the river, crying for help desperate._.39. IfIwereamillionaire，Iwilltravelaroundtheworld_六、句子翻譯（本大題共2小題，共4.0分）40. 事實上，如果我們現(xiàn)在聽到古英語，我們也理解不了。 _41. 如果你住在一個地方，附近正在舉行一場婚姻宴會，你可能不會有太好的睡眠。 (虛擬語氣)答案和解析1.【答案】（1）could be（2）had seen（3）were not（4）If only；had taken（5）hadnt made；would have passed（6）without the rain（7）But for（8）If only（9）Had；come【解析】（1）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，填入的是wish后的賓語從句，通常用虛擬語氣，有三種情況：1.現(xiàn)在的愿望，從句用過去時；2.過去的愿望，從句用過去完成時，通常是與過去相反的假設；3.將來的愿望，從句用would/could/should/might加動詞原形。由句意知道，這里是將來的愿望，上文是cant，故填could be。（2）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，這里是時間錯綜條件句。主句和現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句和過去事實相反，謂語動詞要用had done。故填had seen。（3）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，這里是if引導的非真實性條件狀語從句，和現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以從句謂語部分的be動詞用were，故填were not。（4）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，要用if only來引導從句；If only常常用來表示強烈的愿望，因為用于虛擬語句時和wish類似，表達強烈的遺憾或與真實條件不符的愿望。表達形式：表示與將來情況不同：if only從句主語would(could, might)+動詞原形；表示與現(xiàn)在情況不同：if only從句主語動詞過去式；表達與過去情況不同：if only從句主語would/could have/had過去分詞。由句意知道，本句是和過去事實相反，故填I(lǐng)f only；had taken。（5）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，這里是if引導的非真實性條件狀語從句，和過去事實相反，從句謂語部分要用had done，主句要用would/could/should/might+have+done，故填hadnt made；would have passed。（6）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，這里使用介詞without引導的介詞短語表示一個暗含的非真實條件狀語。without, otherwise, but for, but引導的短語或句子有時相當于一個虛擬條件句。假設的情況并不以條件從句表示出來，而是暗含在上下文中，通過介詞短語來表示。使用到這些詞組的句子中，虛擬語氣的用法一般是：對現(xiàn)在的虛擬：would+do；對過去的虛擬：would(not) + have done。本句主句謂語部分是would die，符合條件，再由三個空格可知，故填without the rain。（7）由上一句和本句空格部分可知，填入的是but for，意為“要不是”。注意：該單詞位于句首，首字母要大寫。故填But for。（8）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，If only常常用來表示強烈的愿望，用于虛擬語句時和wish類似，再由本句兩個空格可知，故填I(lǐng)f only。（9）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，這里是省略了if的非真實性條件狀語從句，和過去事實相反，所以提前had。注意：該單詞位于句首，首字母要大寫。故填Had；come。2.【答案】there were no【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，如果沒有聯(lián)合國的慈善大使，做這件事情的人將不會被鼓勵。這是明顯的與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設。if從句中應使用動詞的過去式。動詞是be時通用were。there be結(jié)構(gòu)表示存在有。故填there were no。3.【答案】couldafford; wouldgo out【解析】原句句意：我們不經(jīng)常出去，因為我們支付不起。改寫為If條件句虛擬語氣“如果我們能支付的起的話，我們就會經(jīng)常出去。”。由原句謂語動詞dont go可知時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況，從句為If+主語+動詞一般過去時(Be動詞用were)，主句為主語+should/would/might/could+do。故填couldafford; wouldgo out。4.【答案】didnt say【解析】句意：時機還不成熟。我寧愿你現(xiàn)在什么都沒有說。此句考查would rather之后的賓語從句，常表示與客觀事實不相符的一種愿望，故使用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：與過去事實相反采用had+done；與現(xiàn)在事實相反是采用一般過去時(be用were )；與將來事實相反時采用一般過去時(be 用were )。根據(jù)時間狀語for the time being（目前）可以判斷出與現(xiàn)在事實相反。故填didnt say。5.【答案】wouldnt；where【解析】由句子結(jié)構(gòu)知道，本句是if引導的非真實性條件狀語從句，和現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以主句要用wouldnt；第二空是near后的賓語從句，根據(jù)句意可知用連詞where引導賓語從句。故填wouldnt；where。6.【答案】they invented virtual reality holidays【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣，通過語境可知，這里是表示對現(xiàn)在情況虛擬，if引導的從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，故填they invented virtual reality holidays。7.【答案】（1）knew where she was （2）had been turned【解析】1.as if，好像，仿佛。后面從句用虛擬語氣，和現(xiàn)在事實相反，用一般過去時。where she was，是賓語從句，用陳述句語序。故填knew where she was。2.as if，好像，仿佛。后面從句用虛擬語氣。和過去事實相反，用過去完成時。she與turn是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)。故填had been turned。8.【答案】（1）were（2） would be（3）Had; followed（4）should not come/ didnt come/were not to come（5）were; would go（6）Were; to rain/Should; rain（7）would have; were/should be（8）had; would come（9）had taken; would not have made（10）had known; would have invited【解析】（1）句意：要是我是你的話，我就和他一起去那兒了。在if引導的非真實虛擬條件句中，與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句用一般過去時（ be動詞一律用were），主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填were。（2）句意：如果我當初在學校努力學習的話，我現(xiàn)在就是一名大學生了。這是一個錯綜虛擬條件句，從句是對過去的虛擬，謂語動詞應該用過去完成時had done，主句是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，用would/could/should/might+do。故填would be。（3）句意：要是他聽了你的建議，他就通過那次考試了。此處是對過去的虛擬，與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時had done，主句用would/could/should/might+have done。當從句中含有had/should/were時，if可以省略，把had/should/were提前置于句首。故填Had; followed。（4）句意：如果你明天不來這兒的話，我們就取消這次會議。此處是對將來的虛擬，與將來事實相反，從句用一般過去時/should do/were to do，主句用would/could/should/might+do。當從句中含有had/should/were時，if可以省略，把had/should/were提前置于句首。故填should not come/didnt come/were not to come。（5）句意：他現(xiàn)在很忙。如果他有空的話，它就和你一起去了。此處是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句用一般過去時（ be動詞一律用were），主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填were; would go。（6）句意：要是明天下雨的話，這場比賽將會被取消。此處是對將來的虛擬，與將來事實相反，從句用一般過去時/should do/were to do，主句用would/could/should/might+do。當從句中含有had/should/were時，if可以省略，把had/should/were提前置于句首。故填Were; to rain或Should; rain。（7）句意：如果沒有其他安排的話，我們下周四將開一次會。此處是對將來的虛擬，與將來事實相反，從句用一般過去時/should do/were to do，主句用would/could/should/might+do。當從句中含有had/should/were時，if可以省略，把had/should/were提前置于句首。故填would have; were/should be。（8）句意：對不起，我現(xiàn)在很忙。如果我有時間的話，我就去看你。與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句用一般過去時（ be動詞一律用were），主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填had; would come。（9）句意：如果我采納了你的建議，我就不會犯這樣一個錯誤了。此處是對過去的虛擬，與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時had done，主句用would/could/should/might+have done。故填had taken; would not have made。（10）句意：我們不知道他的電話號碼。如果我們知道的話，早就邀請他了。此處是對過去的虛擬，與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時had done，主句用would/could/should/might+have done。故填had known; would have invited。9.【答案】would take【解析】由句意可知，本句表示的是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設。根據(jù)虛擬語氣的相關(guān)知識，主句中應用“would+do”形式，故填would take。10.【答案】A【解析】句意：村里有一個很好的社交生活，我希望我有第二次機會更多地參與其中。wish后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反或不大可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望：主語+wish（that）+從句主語+動詞一般過去式，根據(jù)前一句中使用了一般現(xiàn)在時可知，wish從句中表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望，所以從句應該使用一般過去時。故選A。11.【答案】C【解析】句意：他在上課時沒有認真聽講，不然的話，他現(xiàn)在不會感覺考試那么難。本題語境是錯綜時間虛擬條件句，根據(jù)otherwise之后的時間狀語now提示可知，本空與現(xiàn)在事實相反，用情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C。12.【答案】A【解析】句意:“如果每一個學生意識到學習的重要性，他們就會有效的學習?！贝祟}表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，省略if, be aware of中be動詞提到主語前用倒裝。在虛擬語氣中，be動詞用were。故選A。13.【答案】C【解析】句意：如果沒有現(xiàn)代通訊工具，我們不得不要等好幾個周末才能得知天下事。對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，條件句中用一般過去時，be動詞用were，主句用 would/should/might/could +動詞原形。故選C。14.【答案】A【解析】句意：如果現(xiàn)在有1973年的人看到宿舍的留言板，他就不明白上面寫的是什么，因為俚語的表達已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大的變化。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設空處第一空考查的是if條件句的虛擬語氣；由時間詞now可知，設空處表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的if條件句的虛擬語氣，此時if條件句的謂語動詞需用其一般過去時，所以第一空需用looked at；再結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)和前后文可知，第二空表示的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以what后be動詞需用is。故選A。15.【答案】A【解析】句意：那兩個男孩看起來像雙胞胎，因為他們長得很像。當說話人認為句子所述的是不真實的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時，as if從句用虛擬語氣。從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以謂語動詞用一般過去時。故選A。16.【答案】C【解析】略17.【答案】C【解析】句意：如果我是你，我就會采取她的建議。根據(jù)語境，此處為與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，if從句用一般過去時（be動詞用were），主句用主語+would/could/might/should+do的形式，故選C。18.【答案】D【解析】句意：如果我結(jié)束了友誼，我們都不會學到任何東西。本題考查虛擬語氣，第一空用had done，將had提前大寫；第二空表示過去將來的動作，用would，故選D。19.【答案】C【解析】句意：如果我是你，我會采取她的建議?？疾榕c現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，條件從句系動詞用were，主句謂語動詞為would+動詞原形。故選C。20.【答案】C【解析】句意：如果沒有新的顏料和新技術(shù)，我們將無法看到許多這個時期著名的偉大的杰作。本句用到了without引導的含蓄條件句，表示對過去情況的虛擬；主句表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，所以應用主語+would/should/could/might do。故選C。21.【答案】A【解析】句意：太陽從東邊升起，從西邊落下，看起來好像太陽繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。as if后接從句，從句中用虛擬語氣，對現(xiàn)在事實進行虛擬，用過去進行時，be動詞用were。故選A。22.【答案】D【解析】略23.【答案】B【解析】句意：當生活變得艱難而你想要放棄的時候，請記住，生命總是起起伏伏，如果未曾走過下坡路，那上坡路就毫無意義。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是由without引出的含蓄虛擬句，without the downs相當于虛擬條件句；根據(jù)上下文語境可知，是對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，所以空格處應用虛擬的主句形式would+do。故選B。24.【答案】D【解析】句意：我把我現(xiàn)在的成功歸功于我童年時最好的朋友David，沒有他，我不知道我現(xiàn)在會是什么樣子的?？疾榕c現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬，其謂語動詞用would + 動詞原形。故選D。25.【答案】B【解析】句意：貧富差距使得政府必須采取一種動態(tài)的方法來解決這個問題。根據(jù)句意，結(jié)合虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的運用，應填入（should）adopt 才能是句子語法成立，結(jié)合選項，只有B選項符合要求，故選B。26.【答案】A【解析】這里考查的是一個含蓄虛擬條件句，其條件隱含在But for短語里面，而該短語里that后是一個同位語從句，指的現(xiàn)在的情況，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時；而后面部分是主句，表示與現(xiàn)在的情況相反，因此用虛擬語氣（would / should / could / might +動詞原形）。句意：要不是中國也受全球經(jīng)濟危機的影響，我們現(xiàn)在失業(yè)（未就業(yè)）的工人就會更少了。故選A。27.【答案】D【解析】句意：如果你一開始沒有愛上文學，你現(xiàn)在就不可能是一個著名的作家?？疾闂l件從句中是與過去事實相反的虛擬，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反虛擬的謂語動詞。與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用had + v-ed；與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語用could/should + 動詞原形。故選D。28.【答案】C【解析】句意：我很難解決這個問題。如果你早聽我的話，你在處理這些問題時就不會那么困難了。根據(jù)語境推斷，前半句的從句描述與過去事實相反的條件，與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句中，從句中用過去完成時，因此選項AC符合條件；后面主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬，該用would+動詞原形，所以整個句子是混合型的虛擬語氣，因此再排除A；另外從句中had置于句首時，省略if，故選C。29.【答案】C【解析】略30.【答案】D【解析】句意：如果有某種治療方法，病人可能會完全康復。逗號后面為虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的應用，表示與將來事實相反的假設，此時可以使用過去式、should do和were to do做條件句中的謂語動詞。虛擬語氣中，從句謂語形包含should、were、had時，可以省略if，將should、were、had提前構(gòu)成倒裝，本句中后半句可寫為If there should bea certain cure for the disease，構(gòu)成倒裝之后為Should there bea certain cure for the disease，故選D。31.【答案】D【解析】句意：如果學生不能明智靈活地使用在線學習資源，那么在線學習資源將不再有效，甚至會產(chǎn)生負面影響。分析可知，句子描述的內(nèi)容是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設，所以這里使用的是虛擬語氣，并且是省略了if的條件句，在含有虛擬語氣的條件狀語從句中，如有had，should，were 這三個詞的話，在正式或書面語言中可將if省略，再將句子