1、人教版高中英語必修四知識點(diǎn)梳理重點(diǎn)題型（?？贾R點(diǎn)）鞏固練習(xí)動(dòng)詞ing形式作表語，定語和賓語補(bǔ)足語 概念引入：The music they are playing sounds so exciting .We watched three boys sharing their food with eachOur job is playing all kinds of music .The girl singing now is a classmate of mine語法講解【 ，非謂語動(dòng)詞之-ing形式，非謂語動(dòng)詞之ing形式】非謂語動(dòng)詞中的ing形式包括兩種： 一種是動(dòng)名詞，另外一種是現(xiàn)在分詞

2、。 基本形式： 1、-ing形式作表語 1) -ing形式作表語時(shí)放在系動(dòng)詞之后，用來泛指某種動(dòng)作或行為，以說明主語的具體內(nèi)容(身份、性質(zhì)或情況)。如： Her hobby is painting. 她的業(yè)余愛好是畫畫。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顧這些孩子。2) ing用來表示主語所具有的特征，如： His concern for his mother is most touching. 他對母親的關(guān)愛很感人。 His words are encouraging. 他的話很鼓舞人。2、-ing形式作定語 1). 說明被修飾名詞的

3、作用和用途，如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料 drinking water = water for drinking 飲用水 a reading room = a room for reading 閱覽室2). 說明被修飾名詞的作用和用途，如： tiring music = music that is tiring 煩人的音樂 a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一個(gè)驚人的結(jié)果3). 表示被修飾名詞正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，如： 正在做實(shí)驗(yàn)的那個(gè)學(xué)生是我們的班長。 The

4、 student making the experiment is our monitor. 我們能看到冉冉升起的太陽。 We can see the rising sun. Attention 1) 單個(gè)-ing形式作定語時(shí), 放在所修飾的名詞之前, -ing形式短語作定語時(shí), 放在所修飾的名詞之后, 并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。如： They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他們住在一間面朝街的房子。The man standing there is Pet

5、ers father. = The man who is standing there is Peters father. 站在那兒的那個(gè)人是彼得的父親。2) V-ing, 過去分詞，不定式做定語時(shí)的區(qū)別： The student making the experiment is our monitor. They lived in a room facing the street. 正在舉行的會議非常重要。The meeting being held now is very important.昨天舉行的會議非常重要。The meeting held yesterday is very im

6、portant.明天要舉行的會議非常重要。The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.3)-ing形式短語也可以用作非限制定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，這時(shí)，它與句子其他部分用逗號分開。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那個(gè)當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在北京。 The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze

7、, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵蘋果樹碩果累累，在微風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳。3、-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語1) 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常放在賓語后面，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或一種狀態(tài)。如：當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時(shí), 發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人站在大門口。When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entr

8、ance. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個(gè)包。I found a bag lying on the ground. 那老板讓工人整夜地工作。The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 2）當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí), 原來作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞-ing形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語補(bǔ)足語。如：They found the result very satisfying. = The result is found very satisfying.They heard him singing in the next room. = He was heard singing

9、 in the next room. 3). 能用-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾類動(dòng)詞: a. 感官動(dòng)詞，常見的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, 等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. Can you smell anything burning? As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously. Listen to the bir

10、ds singing. I didnt notice him waiting.b. 使役動(dòng)詞，常見的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：I wont have you doing that. This set me thinking.Im sorry to have kept you waiting. I cant get the clock going again.You wont catch me doing that again.4) see, hear, feel, watch等動(dòng)詞之后用-ing形式和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別： 前者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而后者表示（或強(qiáng)調(diào)）動(dòng)作從開始到結(jié)束的全過程。如: We passed by the classmates and saw the teacher making the experiment. 我們走過教室，看見老師在做實(shí)驗(yàn)。（只在走過教室的剎那間，看見老師正在做實(shí)驗(yàn)） We sat an hour and watched the teacher