1、岸墻 land wall          壩頂 dam crest，dam top 壩踵 dam heel壩趾 dam toe 板樁 sheet pile 邊墩 side pier，land pier變形模量 deformation modulus鼻坎 bucket lip畢肖普法 Bishop method冰壓力 ice pressure 剝離 desquamation側(cè)槽式溢洪道 side chann

2、el   Spillway 沉降 settlement齒墻 cut-off trench 沖沙閘（排沙閘） silt-releasing Sluice純拱法 independent arch method 刺墻 key-wall大頭壩 massive-head buttress dam     *buttress 是扶壁的意思 單寬流量 discharge per unit width單曲拱壩 single-curvature arch dam擋潮閘

3、60;tidal sluice 導(dǎo)流隧洞 river diversion tunnel倒懸度 Overhang degree 底流消能 energy dissipation by underflow地震作用 earthquake action 墊座 cushion abutment動水壓力 hydrodynamic pressure斷層 fault堆石壩 rock-fill dam多拱梁法 multi-arch beam method閥門 valve gate防浪墻 wave wall

4、防滲鋪蓋 impervious blanket非常溢洪道 emergency spillway分洪閘 flood diversion sluice副壩 auxiliary dam 剛體極限平衡法 limit equilibrium method for rigid block拱壩 arch dam 拱冠梁 crown cantilever拱冠粱法 crown cantilever method 工作橋 service bridge固結(jié)灌漿 consolidation grouting

5、灌溉隧洞 irrigation tunnel灌漿帷幕 grout curtain 管涌 piping 海漫 apron extension橫縫 transverse joint 虹吸式溢洪道 siphon spillway蝴蝶閥 butterfly valve 護坡 slope protection 護坦 apron弧形閘門 radial gate 滑雪道式溢洪道 ski-jump spillway化學(xué)管涌 chemical piping 混凝土防滲墻 concre

6、te cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石壩 concrete faced rock-fill dam基本斷面 primary section 簡化畢肖普法 simplified Bishop method漿砌石拱壩 stone masonry arch dam 交通橋 traffic bridge接觸沖刷 contact scouring 接觸灌漿 contact grouting漿砌石重力壩 stone masonry gravity dam 接縫灌漿 joint grouting截水槽 

7、cut-off trench節(jié) 制閘 check sluice 進水口 water inlet進水閘 inlet sluice 井式溢洪道 shaft spillway靜水壓力 hydrostatic pressure均質(zhì)壩 homogeneous earth dam抗滑穩(wěn)定分析 analysis of stability against sliding抗滑穩(wěn)定性 stability against sliding空腹重力壩 hollow gravity dam空化 cavitation空蝕&#

8、160;cavitation erosion空注閥 hollow jet valve寬縫重力壩 slotted gravity dam寬尾墩 flaring pier廊道 gallery浪壓力 wave force理論計算 theoretical computation攔河閘 river sluice 瀝青混凝土 asphalt concrete連拱壩 multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流網(wǎng)法 flow net method錨桿 anchor rod 面板

9、0;face slab面流消能 energy dissipation by surface flow模型試驗 model experiment泥沙壓力 silt pressure碾壓混凝土壩 Roller Compacted Concrete Dam牛腿 Corbel排沙隧洞 silt-releasing tunnel排水 drainage排水閘 outlet sluice噴混凝土 sprayed concrete平板壩 flat slab buttress dam平面閘門 plane

10、 gate破碎帶 crushed zone鋪蓋 blanket 砌石護坡 stone pitching 人工材料面板壩 artificial material faced dam人工材料心墻壩 artificial material-core dam溶洞 solution cavern軟基重力壩 gravity dam on soft foundation軟弱夾層 soft intercalated layer 實用斷面 practical section試載法 trial-load metho

11、d 雙曲拱壩 double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物 hydraulic structure水工隧洞 hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunne水力發(fā)電隧洞 hydropower tunnel 水利樞紐 hydro-complex水力學(xué)方法 hydraulics method 水平施工縫horizontal joint水閘 sluice彈性模量 elastic modulus挑流消能 energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜&

12、#160;geomembrane土石壩 earth-rock dam土質(zhì)斜墻壩 earth dam with inclined soil wall土質(zhì)斜心墻壩 earth dam with inclined soil core土質(zhì)心墻壩 earth dam with soil core 帷幕灌漿 curtain grouting溫度荷載 temperature load溫度控制 temperature control 溫度應(yīng)力 temperature stress溫度作用 temperature acti

13、on 無壓隧洞 free level tunnel消力池 stilling pool消力戽 roller bucket消能工 energy dissipater泄洪隧洞 spillway tunnel泄水建筑物 discharge structure泄水孔 outlet hole新奧法 NATM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墻 breast wall 揚壓力 uplift溢洪道spillway水墊塘 plunge pool溢流壩 overfl

14、ow dam、 翼墻 wing wall 應(yīng)力分析 stress analysis優(yōu)化設(shè)計 optimization design 有限單元法 finite element method有壓隧洞 pressure tunnel 閘墩 pier閘門 gate 閘門槽 gate slot 正槽式溢洪道 normal channel spillway整體式重力壩 monolithic gravity dam趾板 toe slab 支墩壩 buttress dam 重力壩 

15、gravity dam重力墩 gravity abutment 周邊縫 peripheral joint  駐波 standing wave錐形閥 cone valve自由跌流 free drop自重 dead weight縱縫 longitudinal joint鍵槽 key strench伸縮縫 contraction joint施工縫 construction joint反弧段 flip bucket攔污柵 trash rack漸變段 transit

16、ion 泄槽 chute發(fā)電進水口 power intake通氣管 air vent 檢修門 bulkhead gate 事故門 emergency gate工作門 service gate 堰 weir通氣管 air vent 胸墻 breast wall梁 beam柱 column 回填混凝土 backfill concrete 接地 earth一期混凝土 primary concrete 二期混凝土 secondary concr

17、ete疊梁門 stoplog 門機gantry crane 止水  waterstop 鋼筋 reinforcement模板 formwork圍堰 cofferdam馬道 bench；berm蝸殼 volute 水輪機 turbine 電站 power house車間 workshop 發(fā)電機 generator 變電站 transformer station副廠房 auxiliary power house 安裝間 erection bay 尾水閘門 tail lock 尾水渠 tailrace 引水渠 approach channel前池 fore bay 導(dǎo)墻 lead wall 隔墻 partition wall 接觸灌漿 contact grouting回填混凝土 backfill concrete 帷幕灌漿 curtain grouting擋墻 retaining wall港口 harbour港口建筑物 port st