1、人教課標(biāo)人教課標(biāo)高一高一 必修必修 1 Unit 5Y YAODIAN TUPO要點突破要點突破Z Z I ZHU YU XI自主預(yù)習(xí)自主預(yù)習(xí)K KAODIAN ZHIJI考點直擊考點直擊Y YAODIAN TUPO要點突破要點突破Z Z I ZHU YU XI自主預(yù)習(xí)自主預(yù)習(xí)K KAODIAN ZHIJI考點直擊考點直擊 1)of high quality高質(zhì)量的高質(zhì)量的 Our products are of high quality.我們的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量很高。我們的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量很高。2)與與quality (質(zhì)量質(zhì)量)相對的詞是相對的詞是quantity (數(shù)量數(shù)量)。quantity的常用短語的

2、常用短語:a quantity of / quantities of大量的大量的The animal hides a quantity of / quantities of nuts in the trees.這個動物在樹里藏了大量的堅果。這個動物在樹里藏了大量的堅果。We have had a quantity of / quantities of rain this summer.今年夏天雨水很多。今年夏天雨水很多。Great quantities of fish are caught.捕到大量的魚。捕到大量的魚。歸納歸納:a quantity of和和quantities of既可修飾既

3、可修飾可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞又可修飾又可修飾不不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞。 quantities of .作主語時作主語時,謂語動詞應(yīng)用謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形式。形式。 Words about qualitieshard-working 努力的努力的 lazy 懶惰的懶惰的cruel 殘忍的殘忍的 selfish 自私的自私的 friendly 友好的友好的 stubborn 固執(zhí)的固執(zhí)的reliable 可靠的可靠的, 可信賴的可信賴的mean 吝嗇的吝嗇的, 小氣的小氣的determined 有決心的有決心的, 堅定的堅定的generous 慷慨的慷慨的, 大方的大方的 devoted 忠實的忠實的,

4、深愛的深愛的 honest 誠實的誠實的, 忠實地忠實地easy-going 容易相處的容易相處的 frank 直率的直率的, 真誠的真誠的 brave 勇敢的勇敢的 kind 友好的友好的 active 主動的主動的, 活躍的活躍的passive 消極的消極的strong-willed 意志堅強的意志堅強的intelligent 理解力強的理解力強的 warm-hearted 熱心的熱心的 confident 有信心的有信心的willing to help 助人的助人的 unselfish 無私的無私的He _ _ _ music.devoted himself to devote 常與介詞

5、常與介詞 to 連用，連用，“獻(xiàn)身于，獻(xiàn)身于，專心于，致力于專心于，致力于”。1. 他致力于幫助窮人。他致力于幫助窮人。2. 他一生都獻(xiàn)給了造福人類的事業(yè)。他一生都獻(xiàn)給了造福人類的事業(yè)。He _ _ _ _ the poor. He _ _ _ _ the poor.He _ _ _ _ _ benefiting mankind.devoted himself to helpingwas devoted to helpingdevote oneself to (doing) sth. 常變?yōu)槌Ｗ優(yōu)?be devoted to (doing) sth.devoted his whole life

6、 toe.g. 她是一位賢妻良母。她是一位賢妻良母。 She is a good wife and _.a devoted motherfare 車，車， 船費船費fee酬金（如付予私人教師、醫(yī)生等的）酬金（如付予私人教師、醫(yī)生等的） pay the lawyers fees付律師費付律師費 a bill for school fees學(xué)費帳單學(xué)費帳單（考試的）報名費、考試的）報名費、（加入俱樂部的）會費等（加入俱樂部的）會費等If you want to join, theres an entrance fee of 20 and an annual membership fee of 10

7、.入會須繳入會費入會須繳入會費20英鎊英鎊,年費年費10英鎊英鎊expense 花費花費,開支開支selling expenses銷售費用銷售費用current expenses日常開支日常開支travelling expenses旅費旅費 lose ones workjob失業(yè)失業(yè) (表動作，做謂語表動作，做謂語)Last month he lost his workjob again.out of work 失業(yè)失業(yè) (做表語或后置定語做表語或后置定語)Jim has been out of work for months.The number of people out of work

8、reached 300.in work 有工作有工作 Is her husband in work?at work 在工作在工作在運轉(zhuǎn)在運轉(zhuǎn)What are you doing ?-Im at work.out of 意為意為“在在之外之外”，“向向外外”;表示失去，沒有，用完；不再處于某種表示失去，沒有，用完；不再處于某種狀況。反義詞為狀況。反義詞為into或或in。out of breathout of patienceout of petrol out of use out of order out of control out of dangerout of sight out of

9、fashion out of date out of repair out of sight, out of mind. 上氣不接下氣上氣不接下氣不耐煩不耐煩汽油用完了汽油用完了沒用了沒用了出故障了出故障了失控了失控了脫離危險了脫離危險了 看不見了看不見了不時興不時興過時過時無法修葺無法修葺眼不見眼不見, 心不煩心不煩5. vote (1) n. 投票投票, 選票，選舉權(quán)選票，選舉權(quán)I gave my vote to Mr. Wang. 我投王先生的票。我投王先生的票。The matter will be decided by vote. 此事將投票決定。此事將投票決定。Give women

10、the vote! (2) v. 投票投票; 選舉選舉 vote for sb/sth 投票支持投票支持 vote against sb./sth 投票反對投票反對 vote on sb./sth 針對針對進行投票表決進行投票表決As we cant agree on this matter, lets vote on it.由于我們對此事沒能達(dá)成一致，讓我們投票由于我們對此事沒能達(dá)成一致，讓我們投票表決吧。表決吧。1. 下屆選舉我可能選她。下屆選舉我可能選她。I may _ _ her at the next election. 2. 投票反對該提議的人占少數(shù)。投票反對該提議的人占少數(shù)。A

11、small minority _ _ the motion. vote forvoted againstattack vt. 進攻進攻, 抨擊抨擊 n. 攻擊，抨擊攻擊，抨擊進攻是最好的防守。進攻是最好的防守。e.g. Attack is the best form of defence.8. attack n./v. make an attack on/against/upon 攻擊攻擊 /襲擊襲擊/ 抨擊抨擊 under attack 遭到襲擊遭到襲擊 / 抨擊抨擊a heart attack 心臟病突發(fā)心臟病突發(fā)He made an attack on the governments a

12、ctions.The governments actions were under attack.The death of the actor is due to a heart attack.The enemy attacked us at night.事實上，那件事是我做的。事實上，那件事是我做的。_, I was the one who did it.As a matter of fact=The truth is that I was the one who did it.= In fact, I was the one who did it.blow (sb. / sth.) up

13、(destroy) 使充氣使充氣, 爆炸爆炸, 炸毀炸毀He drove over a landmine and his jeep_.blew upblown upThe terrorists _ _ the World Trade Building with dynamite (炸藥炸藥). 我不能勝任應(yīng)付這個職務(wù)。我不能勝任應(yīng)付這個職務(wù)。Im not _ _ the position.equal toNot all men are _ _ ability.人的能力并不都是一樣的。人的能力并不都是一樣的。be equal to sth. 等于等于，能勝任，能勝任 be equal in st

14、h. 在某方面相等在某方面相等equal in四加四等于八。四加四等于八。e.g. Four plus four equals eight.論力氣，無人能和他相比。論力氣，無人能和他相比。e.g. No one equals him in strength.他是個無與倫比的運動員。他是個無與倫比的運動員。 He is a player without _ _.an equalequal n. /v. / adj. 平等平等/等于等于/平等的平等的equality n. 平等平等 equally adv. 同樣地；相等地同樣地；相等地He is willing to help me whenev

15、er I am in trouble.(使某人使某人)陷入困境陷入困境(使某人使某人)擺脫困境擺脫困境制造麻煩制造麻煩自找麻煩自找麻煩做某事有困難做某事有困難不辭勞苦地做某事不辭勞苦地做某事get (sb.) into troubleget (sb.) out of troublecause/ make troubleask for/ look for troublehave trouble in doing sth.take the trouble to do sth.13. willing adj 樂意的樂意的, 自愿的自愿的 willingly adv will n 意志意志, 意志力意

16、志力, 意愿意愿be willing to do sth 愿意做某事愿意做某事be willing that sb (should) do sth 樂意讓某人做某事樂意讓某人做某事Im very willing to vote for the plan.He is willing that his little son should join the army.孩子向母親尋求安慰。孩子向母親尋求安慰。 The child _ _ his mother for comfort.turned to他查閱了所有著名的參考書。他查閱了所有著名的參考書。 He has _ _ all the well-

17、known reference books.turned to打開打開關(guān)掉關(guān)掉出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大關(guān)小，拒絕關(guān)小，拒絕結(jié)果是，證明是結(jié)果是，證明是轉(zhuǎn)過來轉(zhuǎn)過來變成變成turn onturn offturn upturn downturn outturn aroundturn into object to lead to refer to attend to stick to see to反對反對導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致提到，指的是提到，指的是處理，照料處理，照料堅持堅持辦理，料理辦理，料理lose heart 灰心灰心, 喪失信心喪失信心Please dont lose heart, you still ha

18、ve more chances.lose ones heart 愛上愛上, 喜歡上喜歡上He lost his heart to her as soon as he saw the e to power = come into power 當(dāng)權(quán)，上臺（短暫性動詞短語）當(dāng)權(quán)，上臺（短暫性動詞短語）in power 當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政 （表狀態(tài)）（表狀態(tài)）Things have changed a lot since he came to power.How long has he been in power?拓展：拓展：take office 上臺上臺leave officelose powe

19、r 下臺下臺be in ones power to do sth有能力做某事有能力做某事beyond ones power to do sth 無能力做某事無能力做某事 beg vt .vi. 乞討乞討, 乞求乞求, 懇求懇求, 請求請求(begged begged begging)beg (for). sthHe begged (for) money from passers-by. beg (for) sth (of) sb (向某人向某人)懇求懇求I beg a quick answer of you.我懇求你迅速答復(fù)我。我懇求你迅速答復(fù)我。beg (of) sb to do sth 懇

20、請某人做某事懇請某人做某事He begged his teacher to forgive him.beg to do sth 懇請做某事懇請做某事He begged to watch the match.6. All the terror and fear of that time came back to me. terror n. 恐怖恐怖, 可怕的人或事可怕的人或事The murder was a terror to the people in the town.terrorist恐怖主義者恐怖主義者 terrify vt. terrific a. fear n. vt.恐懼恐懼, 可

21、怕可怕+ n./to do /thatDo you fear death?She fears to speak in our presence.I fear that we cant protect ourselves.for fear of & for fear that 擔(dān)心擔(dān)心He left an hour earlier for fear of missing the train.She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.7. I remembered the beatings and the cruelty of the gu

22、ards and my friends who had died. beating n. 打、輸打、輸 They gave him a good beating. They gave our team quite a beating. beat n. 敲擊敲擊, 跳動跳動 We heard the beat of a drum. Can you hear the beat of my heart? beat v. beat beat - beaten/beat The rain was beating against the window.8. reward n. v. 報酬報酬, 獎金獎金,

23、 酬勞酬勞, 獎賞獎賞in reward reward sb for sthreward sb with sth He gave the boy five yuan in reward.He rewarded the boy for bringing back the lost dog.He rewarded the boy with five yuan.作為報酬作為報酬因因而獎賞某人而獎賞某人用用酬勞某人酬勞某人reward 一般指通過做某事獲得的一般指通過做某事獲得的回報或者報酬，可以是錢，也可以回報或者報酬，可以是錢，也可以是物品或精神鼓勵。是物品或精神鼓勵。award 指的是由評委經(jīng)過

24、認(rèn)真考慮指的是由評委經(jīng)過認(rèn)真考慮頒發(fā)的獎品。頒發(fā)的獎品。prize 指在比賽中獲得的獎項。指在比賽中獲得的獎項。1) It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to_. A. reward B. prizes C. awards D. results2) She won first _ in the 100 meters race. A. prize B. awards C. rewards D. resultA A 9. set upset offset down

25、set out to do sthset about doing sthThey set off in search of the lost child.The author set about writing a new book.建立建立, 設(shè)立設(shè)立出發(fā)出發(fā), 動身動身, 使爆炸使爆炸記下記下, 寫下寫下開始做某事開始做某事開始做某事開始做某事10. sentence v. sentence sb to sthThe young man was sentenced to death for murder.The judge sentenced him to three years in p

26、rison.a light/heavy sentencen. 句子句子 e.g. Make a sentence, please.判決判決, 宣判宣判, 判刑判刑判處某人判處某人 (徒刑徒刑) 輕判輕判/重判重判The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.在我一生中非常艱難的時期我第一次在我一生中非常艱難的時期我第一次見到了納爾曼見到了納爾曼.曼德拉。曼德拉。此句中，此句中，when Mandela 為為_，修飾先行詞，修飾先行詞 _; when 在從句中做時間狀語。在從句中做時

27、間狀語。定語從句定語從句the time你還記得我們第一次見面的時候嗎？你還記得我們第一次見面的時候嗎？ Do you still remember _ _ _ we first met? the time whenperiod 期間期間, 時期時期, 學(xué)校的一節(jié)課學(xué)校的一節(jié)課, 周期周期 Lets finish this period and have a break. a period of rotation 自轉(zhuǎn)周期自轉(zhuǎn)周期2. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. advic

28、e n. advise v. a piece of advice 一條建議一條建議 give sb. advice on關(guān)于關(guān)于給某人建議給某人建議 1) advise sb. on sth. 就就給某人出主意給某人出主意 I have advised you on that subject.2) advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人干建議某人干 advise doing sth=suggest doing 建議干建議干 Our monitor advises me to practice more spoken English.3) advise that +(should)

29、 do I advise that you (should) not eat fruit that isnt ripe.Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.不幸地是，我沒有身份證，因為我不是不幸地是，我沒有身份證，因為我不是在那出生的；我擔(dān)心我是否會失業(yè)。在那出生的；我擔(dān)心我是否會失業(yè)。此句為此句為 _ 連接的兩個復(fù)合句，復(fù)合連接的兩個復(fù)合句，復(fù)合句句(sadly there)含有含有because 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的

30、 _; 復(fù)合句復(fù)合句(I worried work.)含有含有whether 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的 _。原因狀語從句原因狀語從句賓語從句賓語從句andThe dog wants to know _ there is a thief.whetherS subject 主語主語P predicate 謂語謂語O object 賓語賓語Att attribute 定語定語Adv adverbial 狀語狀語Com complement 補語補語Pre predicative 表語表語C clause 從句從句Short forms 縮略語縮略語We have reached a stage where we

31、have almost no rights at all.Difficult sentences analysis S. Att C.P.O.我們到了一個完全沒有權(quán)利的階段。我們到了一個完全沒有權(quán)利的階段。 The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.過去三十年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們過去三十年來所出現(xiàn)的

32、大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。這一所老房子見證了他們的幸福生活。這一所老房子見證了他們的幸福生活。e.g. The old house has seen their happy life.圣誕節(jié)人們在大街上高興地唱啊跳啊。圣誕節(jié)人們在大街上高興地唱啊跳啊。Christmas saw people singing and dancing happily in the street.此句中，此句中， see 意為意為 _, 主語是主語是 the last thirty

33、years；where 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) _, 修飾先行詞修飾先行詞 _。見證，目睹見證，目睹定語從句定語從句stageThe baby has reached the stage _ he can standup. where7. We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. 我們被置于這樣一個境地：要么我們被迫接受我們被置于這樣一個境地：要么我們被迫接受 低人一等的現(xiàn)實，要么跟政府作斗爭。低人一等的現(xiàn)實，要么跟政府作斗爭。 2)

34、accept “接受接受”，指的是主觀上接受了。，指的是主觀上接受了。 receive “收到收到”，指客觀收到但不一定接受。，指客觀收到但不一定接受。我接受了他的邀請去參加晚會。我接受了他的邀請去參加晚會。I accepted his invitation to the party 我收到了他的邀請，但我沒有接受。我收到了他的邀請，但我沒有接受。I received his invitation, but I didnt accept.3) either. or. (兩者之中兩者之中)或或(之一之一)You may stay either in a hotel or in a private

35、 house. I want to visit either Paris or London.Either you or I am wrong. Either of the boys likes singing. Either boy likes singing.9. only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那時我們才決定以暴力對付暴力。只是在那時我們才決定以暴力對付暴力。 only then 此處引起倒裝句此處引起倒裝句, 當(dāng)當(dāng)only修飾修飾狀語狀語 位于位于句首句首時時, 句子采用部分倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)。句子采用部

36、分倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)。 Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to master English. You can leave only when he comes. = _ _ he comes _ you leave. Only when can只有在那時候只有在那時候, 我才知道自己錯了。我才知道自己錯了。Only then did I realize that I was wrong只有用這種辦法你才能解決這個問題。只有用這種辦法你才能解決這個問題。Only in this way can you solve the

37、 problem.只有當(dāng)他回來時我們才能知道秘密。只有當(dāng)他回來時我們才能知道秘密。Only when he came back did we know the secret注意注意1: 主句倒裝從句不倒裝。主句倒裝從句不倒裝。注意注意2: Only主語在句首時主語在句首時, 不用倒裝不用倒裝 Only he knows the answer.注意注意: 如果如果only所強調(diào)的為狀語從句所強調(diào)的為狀語從句, 該狀語從句不倒裝該狀語從句不倒裝, 只對主句進行倒裝。只對主句進行倒裝。e.g. Only then did I realize the importance of English.Onl

38、y when a child grows up does he understand his parents intentions.Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.我們先用和平的方式違法；當(dāng)這個不被我們先用和平的

39、方式違法；當(dāng)這個不被允許允許 只有在那時我們才決定以暴力只有在那時我們才決定以暴力對暴力。對暴力。We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.此句中含有此句中含有which引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的 _, 修修飾先行詞飾先行詞 _, which 在從句中做在從句中做 _; 還含有還含有when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。句。Only then 引導(dǎo)一個引導(dǎo)一個 _, 當(dāng)當(dāng)on

40、ly修飾狀語放于句首時，句子用修飾狀語放于句首時，句子用_ 結(jié)構(gòu)，即主句提出助動詞結(jié)構(gòu)，即主句提出助動詞/系系動詞動詞/情態(tài)動詞。情態(tài)動詞。定語從句定語從句a way主語主語部分倒裝句部分倒裝句部分倒裝部分倒裝I dont like the way _ were taught by our teacher.I dont like the way _ you talk to me.which/thatin which / that / X只有努力工作，你才能成功。只有努力工作，你才能成功。 _ _ working hard _ you succeed.Only bycanIt was very

41、dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison.這是非常危險的，因為如果我被抓到了，這是非常危險的，因為如果我被抓到了，我可能會被關(guān)進監(jiān)獄。我可能會被關(guān)進監(jiān)獄。此句為復(fù)合句此句為復(fù)合句, 句中含有句中含有because 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的 _, 此從句中含有此從句中含有if 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的 _; put in/into prison 意意為為 _。原因狀語從句原因狀語從句條件狀語從句條件狀語從句把某人投進監(jiān)獄把某人投進監(jiān)獄He suggested the person _ _ _ _ _.put in prisonshould be

42、1. You cannot imagine how the sound of the name of Robben Island made us afraid. 你想象不到聽到羅本島這個名字令我們你想象不到聽到羅本島這個名字令我們 多么害怕多么害怕。 imagine n./doing sth./sb.+ doing/that Can you imagine life without electricity? I dint imagine becoming a writer in my childhood. I cant imagine her marrying him. Imagine tha

43、t you are a bird.2. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we should have been asleep. 在午餐的休息時間和晚上我們本應(yīng)該在午餐的休息時間和晚上我們本應(yīng)該 睡覺的時候他教授我們。睡覺的時候他教授我們。 1) should do & should have done He should have come earlier. You should come earlier tomorrow. should do 表示應(yīng)該做表示應(yīng)該做, 一般指現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪话阒脯F(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭幼鞯膭?/p>

44、作, 指過去的動作時應(yīng)站在過去的角度。指過去的動作時應(yīng)站在過去的角度。should have done 表示本應(yīng)該做而沒有做的。表示本應(yīng)該做而沒有做的。站在現(xiàn)在的角度上評說過去的事情。站在現(xiàn)在的角度上評說過去的事情。You should have written to your mother.My teacher said I should study harder.I should have studied harder when I wasyoung.-My mother is very upset today.-Its your fault. You _ the bad news to

45、her yesterday.A. should tell B. should have told C. shouldnt have told D. must tell 答案答案: C2) asleep 是表語形容詞是表語形容詞, 意為意為“睡著的睡著的”。 sleep 是動詞或名詞是動詞或名詞, 意為意為“睡覺睡覺”。 sleepy 是形容詞是形容詞, 意為意為“打盹的打盹的”。 -Is he still sleeping? -Yes, he is fast asleep. I was too sleepy to hear the end of her talk. I usually sleep seven hours a day.3. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams. 他們不如我聰明但是他們確實通過了考試。他們不如我