1、 閱讀理解重點(diǎn)掌握文章的事實(shí)，了解細(xì)節(jié)，還要體會(huì)文章含義，領(lǐng)會(huì)其主旨。一、中考中常見的題型一、中考中常見的題型1. 選擇填空2. 回答問(wèn)題3. 判斷正誤二、解題方法與技巧二、解題方法與技巧1. 1. 通讀全文，了解大意通讀全文，了解大意 要了解出題人的意圖，抓住文章的主題句。主題句一般出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭和結(jié)尾，也有些文章沒(méi)有主題句，需要學(xué)生自己去歸納。主題句對(duì)全文起提示、啟迪、概括、歸納的作用。歸納概括題、中心思想題可以直接從主題句中找到答案。2. 2. 帶著問(wèn)題，復(fù)讀原文帶著問(wèn)題，復(fù)讀原文 在通讀文章后，要瀏覽文后的練習(xí)題。帶著問(wèn)題重新閱讀文章，解決一些直觀性的題目。有些問(wèn)題可以在文章找到原句

2、作為答案。3. 3. 推理判斷，確定答案推理判斷，確定答案 有些難的題目需要進(jìn)行分析推理或歸納，但不能脫離語(yǔ)言材料而胡亂猜測(cè)，還有些涉及日常生活或其他學(xué)科知識(shí)的試題，要注意推理的科學(xué)性和合理性，再結(jié)合語(yǔ)言材料判斷答題。三、例題解析三、例題解析A No. 4 Middle School Kunming, Yunnan April 2nd, 2002Dear editor, I live in a beautiful city. Many visitors come to our city. There are so many colorful peacocks (孔雀) here. The pe

3、acocks mostly live on the grassland of Dongfeng Square (廣場(chǎng)). They are given food freely by visitors. They usually throw food to them, and dont think about at all whether the food is right or not. Some of the peacocks became ill, some even died after eating the bad food given by the visitors. Im sure

4、 most of the visitors who throw food to the peacocks really like the birds, but dont realize (意識(shí)到) that they may be doing them harm (傷害). The visitors should be told that what they have done is very harmful to the birds, and this kind of thing must be stopped from happening. Perhaps we can build som

5、e small shops beside Dongfeng Square to sell peacock food. For us every person, its our duty to give more love to these beautiful birds and to look after them carefully. Yours, Sun Yan1. Many visitors come to the writers city to _. A. do some shopping B. see beautiful peacocks C. play on Dongfeng Sq

6、uare D. eat nice food 2. Some peacocks became ill and died because some visitors _. A. didnt give them any food B. gave them too much food C. threw them some bad food D. loved them and played with them 3. Some shops can be built beside Dongfeng Square so that they may _. BCB A. sell food for visitor

7、s B. sell food for peacocks C. make the square more beautiful D. have the beautiful birds 4. From the passage we know people should _. A. live and play with the birds B. stop the birds from eating too much C. give right food to the birds D. give more food to the birds 5. We can guess the writer of t

8、he letter, Sun Yan, may be a _. A. visitor B. shopkeeper C. square keeper D. student CD 解析1. 文章第一段只是提到“許多參觀者來(lái)到我們城市。這里有許多美麗多彩的孔雀”雖然文章沒(méi)有明確指出參觀者來(lái)的目的，但是我們可以從這兩句中推斷出游客來(lái)的目的是看孔雀。2. 文章第二段最后指出了一些孔雀死亡的原因是 吃了游客給的劣質(zhì)食物。3. 回答這個(gè)題的關(guān)鍵是要看清楚sell food for visitors和sell food for peacocks的含義，它們分 別意為“賣游客吃的食物”和“賣孔雀吃的食物”。4.

9、 文章中沒(méi)有直接指出“我們應(yīng)該給鳥兒吃是適 當(dāng)?shù)氖澄铩?，但是通過(guò)作者說(shuō)的話及其觀點(diǎn)來(lái) 推斷，即可得出正確答案。5. 這也是一個(gè)推理判斷題，從作者的觀點(diǎn)、語(yǔ)氣 來(lái)看，該作者肯定不是“游客”“店員”“廣場(chǎng)管理 員”。B閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。 Im Joan Croft. I must have to say that I came into nursing by chance. I didnt really like my first job, which was office work. It was all rightbut thats just about all you can

10、say about it. I stayed in the same place with the same people around me all day and every day. Then I became a singer, which I enjoyed very much, but after a while the singing group broke up (解救) and I had to startlooking for something else. Some girls have wanted to be nurses ever since they were c

11、hildren, but it never entered my head until I saw an advertisement in a paper. I wrote in and thought, “Oh, well, Ill give it a try.” One thing I liked about it was going away from home. The training itself is very interesting and most of it is just on the wards (病房), so that you very quickly begin

12、nursing real patients. I lived in the nurses home when I arrived and I had my own room, which was very nice. I like nursing more than I ever thought I would. Ill always carry on nursing. Ive got a boyfriend who is a doctor, so I hope to get married sometime, but wherever I live theres sure to be a h

13、ospital in the place and theres always a job for a nurse. 1. What was Joans first job? 2. What didnt Joan like her first job?It was office work. Because she didnt like staying in the same place with the same people around her all day and everyday./Because she was fed up with it. 3. Why didnt Joan go

14、 on with her second job?4. How did Joan find out the information about the nursing job? 5. What was Joans plan for the future?解析1. 文章第一自然段的第三句話陳述了Joan的第一 份工作。2. 文章第一自然段的第四句暗示了Joan為什么不 喜歡她的第一份工作。Because the singing group broke up.She found an advertisement in a paper. She hoped to get married sometim

15、e and went on her nursing job. 3. 文中陳述了Joan的第二份工作是在一個(gè) 合唱組，她很喜歡這份工作，但后來(lái)合 唱組被迫解散。4. 當(dāng)護(hù)士是許多女孩子向往的工作，Joan 也不例外，在報(bào)紙上看到了應(yīng)征工作之 后，便寫了求職申請(qǐng)。5. 文章最后一自然段陳述了Joan的現(xiàn)狀和 計(jì)劃安排。C閱讀下列短文，判斷正（T）誤（F）。 Mr. Lee is a very rich man. He lives alone and enjoys buying old things. He bought a teapot for two million dollars, and s

16、howed it only to this friends George and Jenny. Then he locked it in the safe (保險(xiǎn)箱) at his house. That night, the safe was opened and the teapot was missing. Lee reported it and the police went and looked carefully around Lees house. They found a black ear-ring near the open safe. They also found th

17、ere was a lot of earth on the wet ground outside, but inside, the floor was very clean. The police first questioned George and Jenny. But neither of them agreed that he or she had taken the teapot. The police found Jenny was wearing a black necklace (項(xiàng)鏈), but no ear-rings. When she was shown the ear

18、-ring, she agreed it was hers, but someone had taken it away from her house a month before. The police then questioned Lee and, in the end, he agreed he had taken his own teapot. He had bought insurance (保險(xiǎn)) for it and would get two million dollars if the teapot was lost. He took Jennys ear-rings an

19、d put one near the safe. 1. George and Jenny are Lees friends and live in his house. 2. The teapot was shown by Lee to nobody except George and Jenny. 3. Jennys ear-rings were lost in Lees house. 4. It was clear that no one broke into the house for the teapot. 5. In the end, the police were sure tha

20、t Lee had taken the teapot. 解析 FTF TT1. 從第二句話中的alone這個(gè)詞，可以判斷出該題 是錯(cuò)的。2. 從第三句He, and showed it only to his friends George and Jenny?？傻贸霰绢}是對(duì)的。3. 短文中的第二、三自然段都與該問(wèn)題有關(guān)，因 此要學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用聯(lián)想思維，善于抓住能回答此問(wèn) 題的關(guān)鍵詞或句子：When she was shown the ear-ring, she agreed it was hers, but someone had taken it away from her house a mon

21、th before. 關(guān) 鍵詞是was shown，是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示警察拿 出了了那只在保險(xiǎn)箱附近撿到的耳環(huán)給詹妮看， she表示詹妮，句中的it 是指the ear-ing。 had taken it away from her house是關(guān)鍵詞，是過(guò) 去完成時(shí)，表示在此事發(fā)生的前一個(gè)月，這只 耳環(huán)被偷走的。4. 短文中The police then questioned Lee and in the end, he agreed he had taken his own teapot. 這句 話說(shuō)明答案是對(duì)的。5. 從第4題中提到的那句話，可以判斷該題是正 確的。 四、鞏固練習(xí)四、鞏固練

22、習(xí) Some people believe that schools will no longer be necessary in the near future. They say that because of the Internet and other new technology, there is no longer any need for school buildings, classes or teachers. Perhaps this will be true one day, but if the world has no schools, I cant imagine

23、 how our society will be. In fact, we should learn how to use new technology to make schools better. We should invent a new kind of school that is linked (鏈接) to libraries, museums, science centers, labs and even companies. Technological companies should create (創(chuàng)造) learning programs for schools. Sc

24、ientists could give talks through the Internet. TV networks and local stations could develop programs about things students are studying in school. Labs could set up websites to show new technology so students could see it on the Internet. Is this a dream? No. There are already many cities where thi

25、s is beginning to happen. Here the whole city is linked to the Internet, and learning can take place at home, at school, and in the office. Businesses provide programs for the schools and the society. The schools provide computer labs for people without their own computers at home. Because everyone

26、can go on the Internet, older people use it as much as younger ones, and everyone can visit faraway libraries and museums as easily as nearby ones. How will this new kind of school change the usual way of learning? It is too early to be sure, but it is very exciting to think about it. Technology wil

27、l change the way we learn; schools will change as well; and we will all learn something from the Internet. 1. Who thinks that students dont have to learn at school? A. Everyone. B. The writer. C. Some people. D. The teachers. 2. What does “a new kind of school” mean in the passage? A. A school with

28、many new computers. B. A school with many new students. C. A school with many new teachers. D. A school which is linked to the Internet. DC3. Older people _. A. never go on the Internet B. go on the Internet more often than younger ones C. go on the Internet as often as younger ones D. go on the Int

29、ernet less often than younger ones 4. What the writer thinks is that _. A. schools are still necessary B. more schools should be built C. there should be fewer schools D. more computers are needed in schools AC5. Which of the following sentences is NOT true? A. Technology will change our way of lear

30、ning. B. If you are a student, you can set up websites to show new technology. C. The schools provide computer labs for those who have no personal computers. D. On the Internet, you can visit another citys library as easily as the people there. BB閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。 Jan Mela isnt like most kids. Two ye

31、ars ago, he lost an arm and a leg. But that didnt stop him. On Saturday, the 15-year-old boy from Poland (波蘭) walked to the North Pole (北極) without any help. “If I can do it, other people can do great things, too,” Mela said before he went. Polish newspapers said Mela is the youngest person and the

32、first handicapped (殘疾的) person to walk to the North Pole. How did Mela lose an arm and a leg? He had an electrical (電的) accident. Now, he walks with the help of a 62, 000-yuan man-made leg. After the accident, Mela felt sad for himself. But he didnt lose hope. One day, he met Marek Kaminski, a Polis

33、h explorer. Eight years ago, Kaminski went to the North Pole and the South Pole in the same year. Mela wanted to see the North pole, too. So Mela asked Kaminski if they could go together next time. Kaminski said yes! It took Mela 21 days to get to the North Pole. The last three or four days were rea

34、lly hard because of bad weather. But Mela kept going. “I didnt think we would make it,” he said, “Then, things got better.”1. What happened to Mela two years ago?2. Why did Polish newspapers report the travel to the North Pole? He had an arm and a leg lost in an accident.Because it was made by the y

35、oungest person and the first handicapped person.3. How does Mela walk after the accident?4. Where did Kaminski go eight years ago?5. Why did Mela make the travel?He walks with the help of a 62, 000-yuan man-made leg. He went to the North Pole and the South Pole.Because he wanted to show that nothing

36、 is hard, if you put your heart into it. C閱讀下列短文，判斷正（T）誤（F）。 Being safe at school and in your everyday life needs knowledge. If you remember the following information, your life will be much safer. Always notice the environment around you. You shouldnt walk alone outside. Make sure where the public

37、phones are. If anything dangerous happens, you can find them quickly. Dont use earphones (耳機(jī)) when running in the schoolyard or on the street. You will keep yourself from the outside world and can be easily surprised. School bags should be carried towards the front of your body instead of putting them on your back. When buses are crowded, it is easy enough for thieves to steal the things in your bags on your back. If you are followed by a stranger