1、Unit 2Jobs and CareersObjectives:first listen, and then learn to ask about job opportunities and go for job interviewsread about online job applications and dream jobswrite about how to find a potential jobpractice the use of unreal conditionswrite your own résumévisit Culture Salon to lea

2、rn to tell the difference between job and career I Passage A Your Dream Job: A Click Away1. Summary Since most students will choose to work after graduation, job-hunting is of great importance to them. They will write plenty of résumés about their education and send them to the companies t

3、hey want to work for. It takes both time and energy to do so. Now, thanks to the development of the Internet, job-hunting has become much easier. Job-hunters can find a job just by clicking a mouse on the computer. Many of them make their dream come true through the Internet.This article describes t

4、he experiences of five people who used online sources to look for new jobs. Theresa Smith used the JOB-TRAK website to find an administrative assistants job at a university. Steven Tools used the CareerBuilder website to find a marketing management position. Madeline Gragg used Yahoo! to find a job

5、teaching English in Japan. Nedzad Dozlic used a newspaper website to find a drivers job with a car dealership. Wendy Mello used CareerBuilder to find a position in human resources for a media-information-services company. Mello also used another website to calculate the cost of living in her new loc

6、ation and to decide what salary to request. All these are typical examples of online job searches, since many different types of jobs can now be found this way.2.Language Points1. career: a job or profession for which one is trained and which one intends to follow for the whole of ones lif

7、eExamples: There are many more careers open to women now than fifty years ago.Florence Nightingale made nursing her career. 2. refer to: 1) send (someone or something) to (usually someone else) for decision or actionExamples: The Local Court has referred the whole case to th

8、e High Court.The dispute between the two countries was referred to the United Nations.2) mention; speak aboutExamples: Dont refer to the matter again.The speaker referred to his past experience.3. criteria: (pl.) an established rule, standard, or principle, on which a judgment is base

9、dExamples: What criteria do you use when judging the quality of a students work?There are several criteria of a good school.4. salary: fixed (usually monthly) pay for regular workExamples: My father draws his salary at the end of every month.Dont spend all of your salary. Try to

10、put something away each month. 5. resident: a person who lives ( in a place) and is not just a visitorExamples: The local residents were angry at the lack of parking spaces.The residents of the town are proud of its new library.6. come across: meet or discover, especial

11、ly by chanceExamples: I have just come across a beautiful poem in this book.She came across some old letters in the course of her search.7. curious: eager to know or learnExamples: The boy was curious about everything he saw.Miss Matfield threw a curious glance at her. 8.

12、60;fill out / in: put in (whatever is needed to complete something)Examples: After Tom passed his driving test he filled out an application for his drivers license.The policeman filled out a report of the accident.9. fill up: make or become completely fullExamples: The room

13、soon was filled up with people.The rain has filled up the ditches again.10. available: able to be got, obtained, used, etc.Examples: A limited number of seats are still available.There were no tickets available for Fridays performance.11. elevate: make better, higher, or mor

14、e educatedExamples: The clerk was elevated to a managerial position.The government is trying to elevate the living standards of the people.12. scan: look through quicklyExamples: He scanned the newspaper while having his breakfast.He scanned the articles that might give the infor

15、mation he needed.13. procedure: an action or set of actions necessary for doing somethingExamples: Writing a check is quite a simple procedure.We have worked out a new set of procedures for using this machine.14. spot: pick out, recognize, see (one person or thing out of man

16、y)Examples: He was the first to spot the danger.We spotted the winner of the beauty contest the moment she appeared.15. variety: number or group of different thingsExamples: Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons.The college library has a wide variety of book

17、s.16. potential: that can or may come into existence or actionExamples: Although this area is very poor now, its potential wealth is great.We should always be on the lookout for potential dangers.17. learn of: become informed ofExamples: How did you learn of our product

18、? Was it through our advertisement?I learned of your new address from your parents.18. via: by means of; usingExamples: Ive read this French play via an English translation.I sent a message to Mary via her sister. 19. annual: of one yearExamples: The annual farm ou

19、tput was to be increased by 4 to 5 percent.Mr. Whites annual income is $36 000.20. financial: connected with moneyExamples: In that case they would receive financial aid from the state.They are now confronted with a serious financial crisis.21. current: of present timeExampl

20、es: They suggested measures to overcome current difficulties.In some schools children study current affairs as a subject. 22. flash: show for a momentExamples: The news flashed on television.He flashed a $10 note at the man by the door.23. detailed: with a lot of f

21、acts givenExamples: He gave me a detailed account of his work.He kept a detailed diary of the meetings.3.Important sentences1. The career placement center referred the liberal-arts major to JOB-TRAK, an Internet site listing 45 000 entry-level positions.The career placement center advises

22、the student majoring in liberal arts to visit JOB-TRAK, a website containing 45 000 jobs for new workers.2. Smith is one American who clicked her way into a job.Smith is one American who found a job online.3. “The Internet is like hiring a personal assistant,” says Tools. “Effortlessly you

23、 can become aware of opportunities that may elevate your career.”The Internet is like a personal helper. It presents you with information about possible chances to improve your career.4. Most major newspapers and trade publications have online versions of their classified listings, enabling job

24、-seekers to scan for work available across town, in another state, or around the world.Most major newspapers and specialist journals have their job advertisements online, to help jobseekers quickly spot job vacancies anywhere in the world.5. A refugee of the war in Bosnia, Dozlic had had a vari

25、ety of jobs but was now ready for something new.Dozlic, who escaped from the war in Bosnia, had done several different jobs but was now ready to find a new one.6. To find out more about the company, she clicked on to Artitrons home page and that of its parent company, Ceridian Corp., where she

26、reviewed an annual report and the companys financial performance.To learn more about the company she entered its website and the website of its headquarters, and studied the companys yearly report and financial situations.7. By accessing an online real estate service, she saw color photos of re

27、ntal properties.Through an online real estate site, she saw pictures of homes which a person can rent rather than buy.4.Practical Writing Reference Key There are several things you cannot ignore when tracking down information on job openings. First, you should consult your friends, relatives, or nei

28、ghbors, who may offer information unavailable elsewhere. Second, you should read the classified section in the newspapers often. Next, remember to register with two or three recruitment agencies. Finally, dont forget to make use of the Internet. In todays society the Internet is a quick and cost-eff

29、ective method for employers to announce their employment needs. Therefore, if you log onto the Internet, you just might find your dream job.II Passage B   Dream Jobs: College Students Make Their Picks 1. SummaryFor recent college graduates, finding a job is a lot like finding a match when

30、dating. In its annual survey of U.S. college students, the research firm Universum USA asked its more than 60 000 respondents to identify the characteristics they associate with dream employers, and broke down the results into seven personality types: careerists, entrepreneurs, explorers, harmonizer

31、s, hunters, idealists and leaders. Google continued to rank as the big favorite, taking the No. 1 spot in five of the personality types and taking a top three spot in all seven. Apple was in the top three with six of the personality types, and Disney was in the top three for five, including ide

32、alists, who ranked it No. 1 ahead of Google. Banks, oil companies, and the Big Four accounting firms lost some of their luster among business students, but government and nonprofit employers had a good year among careerists. Disney and Apple, perceived as offering dynamic, challenging work settings,

33、 gained ground in this years survey with several personality types.Petter Nylander, chief executive of Universum, says its clear that young people want employers who share their values and are a good fit for their personality. “What you see is young employees selecting companies that confirm their v

34、iews of themselves,” he says.Language Points1. personality: characteristics and qualities of a person seen as a wholeExamples: Parents have great influences on the development of a childs personality.Im deeply impressed both by your personality and talent.2. genuine: authent

35、ic; sincereExamples: I was shocked to know that such an expensive painting was not genuine.Having been working here for 20 years, I do have a genuine love for the campus.3. connection: relationshipExamples: My conclusion is that there is no connection between the two incidents.We

36、 can see a clear connection between ones attitude and ones performance.4. arm candy: (informal) a sexually attractive person who accompanies another at social eventsExamples: Tony usually had two pretty girls accompany him to parties as arm candy.Shed already had mini-roles in eight m

37、ovies when she turned up as George Sanders arm candy in the party scenes of this film.5. survey: investigation using a pool or questionnaireExamples: A recent survey found that 36% of the women asked did not feel safe walking alone at night.They ran a survey of the most popular televi

38、sion programs.6. identify: recognize or distinguish (as being the specified person or thing)Examples: This is a course that teaches us to identify plants and flowers.Can you identify your umbrella among this lot?7. characteristic: distinguishing featureExamples: A perso

39、n of your characteristic is sure to be popular with young people like college students.Generosity is one of his nicest characteristics.8. associate: connect in thought, memory or imaginationExamples: Whisky is usually associated with Scotland.People will always associate the name of S

40、teve Jobs with Apple.9. break (something ) down (into): be divided or divide into partsExamples: Expenditure on the project breaks down as follows: raw materials $1m, equipment $2m, wages $2m.Water is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.10. prestigious: having or bringing p

41、restige; having high statusExamples: Yale University is one of the worlds most prestigious universities.Only the most prestigious scholars deserve such a title.11. recruit: enroll (someone) as a member or worker in an organization; enlistExamples: The coach recruited nine boys fo

42、r the baseball team.Our university recruited more staff this year than last year.12. assignment: a duty or piece of work that is given to someone to doExamples: Five staff members have agreed to take on the one-year assignment in Africa.This is a difficult assignment for him, but he h

43、as made up his mind to complete it.13. balance: a state in which opposite or competing forces are evenly matched or given equal importanceExamples: She tried to keep her balance but still fell off the bike.Maintaining a favorable balance of trade is a difficult task for the country.14

44、. secure: feeling safe, stable, and free from fear or anxietyExamples: Many young people today dont feel secure about their future.His position in the company is quite secure.15. employment: a persons trade or professionExamples: According to the report, 85% of the coll

45、ege graduates have found employment.The newly-built factory can provide employment for many people.16. competitive: of or involving competition; able to do as well as or better than othersExamples: This supermarket offers more competitive prices, so its business is very good.The count

46、ry boasts a car industry that is competitive with any in the world.17. prospect: picture in the mind or imagination, especially of a future event; the possibility or likelihood of some future event occurringExamples: He is so excited by the prospect of having his own house in such a b

47、ig city.When he thinks of the prospect of a holiday abroad, he feels motivated to work hard.18. earnings: money which is earned by workingExamples: The husband has to give most of his earnings to his wife every month.After a months work my earnings are just 1800 Yuan.19. ethical:

48、 of morals or moral questions; morally correctExamples: This is an ethical issue that we should never neglect.His behavior is not ethical.20. designate: mark or point out clearly; choose (someone / something ) for a special purposeExamples: The boundaries between the two cou

49、ntries are designated on the map.The eastern part of the city has been designated as a development zone.21. overall: total; generalExamples: My overall impression of him is that he is very talkative.Can you tell me the overall cost of the project?22. favorite: a person or th

50、ing that is loved above all othersExamples: Hollywood blockbusters are my favorites.He is a favorite with his grandfather.23. rank: give (someone or something) a rank or place within a grading systemExamples: Almost all the schools rank the students according to their grades.I ra

51、nk Google higher than Apple.24. diversity: varietyExamples: There was a diversity of opinions on whether a nuclear plant should be built near the city.The tolerance of diversity is the key to the survival of the world in the 21st century.25. critical: of or at a crisis; deci

52、sive; crucialExamples: The unemployment problem in that country is very critical at present.At the critical moment he jumped into the river and saved the boy.26. reflect: embody or represent (something) in a faithful or appropriate wayExamples: Her remarks at todays meeting refle

53、cted her personality.The article reflected the authors opinion on the matter.27. belief: something one accepts as true or real; a firmly held opinion or convictionExamples: Nothing can shake my belief in his integrity and honesty.He has a strong belief in that countrys higher educatio

54、n.28. ethnicity: state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural traditionExamples: We welcome all talent, regardless of their background, gender and ethnicity.In this university you must learn to get along with people of different ethnicities.29. attr

55、active: having the power to attractExamples: The mountain is very attractive at this time of year.He has got three very attractive job offers.30. for starters: first of all, to start withExamples: For starters, we dont have enough time.He is not suitable for the task. For st

56、arters, he hasnt got any experience in dealing with emergency.31. luster: soft brightness of a smooth or shining surface; glory, distinctionExamples: She couldnt eat, and her hair lost its luster.Brave deeds add luster to ones name32. consequence: a result or effect of an ac

57、tion or condition; importanceExamples: Drunk driving can have very bad consequences, so make sure that you never violate the law.This is an issue of tremendous consequence for the country.33. in addition: as an extra person, thing, or circumstanceExamples: In addition, there is a

58、 severe drought in many provinces in the country.The international language school teaches English and mathematics in addition.34. account for: make up (a specified amount or proportion)Examples: The local people just account for 1/3 of the workers in the factory.Food and clothing account for a large portion of the familys monthly expenditure.35. category: a class or division of people or things regarded as having particular shared characteristicsExamples: The books fall int