1、2016年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（江蘇卷）英語第I卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）21. Itisoftenthecaseanythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.A.whyB.whatC.asD.that解析：考查主語從句。本句中it是形式主語，真正的主語是連接詞that做引導的主語從句，連接詞that在本句中不充當任何成分，只是一個引導詞而已，不能省略。連接副詞why要在句中做狀語，連接彳t詞what通常在句中做主語、賓語或表語等；as通常

2、不引導名詞性從句。句意：對于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事實。故D正確。答案：D22. Moreefforts,asreported,intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.A. aremadeB. willbemadeC. arebeingmadeD.havebeenmade解析：考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：正如報道的那樣，在未來幾年將做出的努力，以加速供給結(jié)構(gòu)改革的速度。本句的時間狀語"intheyearsahead在未來的幾年里”和將來時連用，且efforts與動詞make構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以使用被動語態(tài)。所以要

3、使用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)形式，故B正確。答案：B23. Manyyoungpeople,mostwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.A. ofwhichB. ofthemC. ofwhomD. ofthose解析：考查定語從句。本題定語從句的先行詞是Manyyoungpeople,關(guān)系代詞whom指代先行詞，在定語從句中作為介詞of的賓語。句意：很多年羥人都前往偏遠地區(qū)追求它們的夢想，其中大部分人都是受過良好教肓。故C正確。答案：C24. 一Canyoutellusyourforhappinessandalong

4、life?Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely.A.recipeB.recordC.rangeD.receipt解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。名詞recipe秘訣，食譜，藥方；record記錄；range范圍；receipt收據(jù)，收條；句意：一你能告訴我你對幸福長壽的秘密嗎？一當然是盡情享受每一天。根據(jù)句意可知A項意為“秘訣”，與上下文相符。答案：A25. Hedidnoteasily,butwaswillingtoacceptanyconstructiveadviceforaworthycause.A. approachB. wrestleC. compromise

5、D. communicate解析：考查動詞辨析。動詞approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗爭，努力解決；compromise妥協(xié)；和解；讓步；communicate交流；句意：他并容易妥協(xié)，但是對于正義的事業(yè)，他愿意接受任何建設性的建議。根據(jù)句意可知C項正確。答案：C26. somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.A.BecauseB.IfC.UnlessD.While解析：考查連詞。連詞because因為；if如果；unless除非，如果.不；while盡管；然而；當.時

6、；句意：盡管一些人被成功的渴望驅(qū)使著，但是其他人卻被失敗的恐懼驅(qū)使著前進。根據(jù)句意可知上下文之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以使用“while盡管”連接。故D項正確。答案：D27. Ifitforhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.A. hadnotbeenB. shouldnotbeC. werenottobeD. shouldnothavebeen解析：考查虛擬語氣。本句屬于錯綜條件句的虛擬語氣。if從句表示與過去事實相反，所以使用過去完成時，主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以使用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”。句意：如果不是因為前幾天他的邀請，我現(xiàn)在就不會在這

7、里了。故A正確。答案：A28. Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagewithinthework.A. tohideB. hiddenC. hidingD.beinghidden解析：考查分詞做定語。本句中名詞短語asecretmessage與動詞hide構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以使用過去分詞短語biddenwithinthework在句中做后置定語，修飾名詞短語asecretmessage相當于定語從句thatisbiddenwiththework。AC職表示主動含義，D項強調(diào)正在進行，與語境不符。故B正確。答案：B29. Das

8、han,whocrosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.A. willbelearningB. islearningC. hadbeenlearningD. hasbeenlearning解析：考查時態(tài)。本句的時間狀語是“fordecades幾十年來”，該時間狀語通常和現(xiàn)在完成的有關(guān)時態(tài)連用，本句強調(diào)這幾十年來大山一直努力把中國相聲和西方的脫口秀相結(jié)合。所以使用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性和反復性。故D正確。答案：D30. Manybusines

9、sesstartedupbycollegestudentshavethankstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.A. fallenoffB. takenoffC.turnedoffD. leftoff解析：考查動詞短語辨析。短語falloff跌落，下降；takeoff起飛，成功，受歡迎；turnoff關(guān)閉；leaveoffB正確。停止，中斷；句意：由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境，很多大學生創(chuàng)辦的生意都很成功。根據(jù)句意可知答案：B31. Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemoststatementsofhow,an

10、donwhatbasis,dataarecollected.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. originalD. arbitrary解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。形容詞explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，含糊不?#的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，專制的；句意：對于如何以及在什么基礎上收集數(shù)據(jù)，他的綜合調(diào)查提供了最清晰的說明。故A正確。答案：A32. Onlythosewhohavealotincommoncangetalongwell.Oppositessometimesdoattract.A. IhopenotB. It

11、hinksoC. IappreciatethatD. Ibegtodiffer解析：考查交際用語。Ihopenot我可不希望這樣；Ithinkso我認為如此；Iappreciatethat我很感激；Ibegtodiffer恕我不能同意；本題的關(guān)鍵詞是后句"Oppositessometimesdoattract."意見相反的人有時會相互吸引。說明對話兩個人的意見并不一致。故D項“恕我不能同意”符合上下文。答案：D33. Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrentotheopportunitytojoinsportsteams.A. gain

12、admissiontoB. keeptrackofC. takeadvantageofD. giveriseto解析：考查短語辨析。動詞短語gainadmissionto獲準進入；keeptrackof記錄；takeadvantageof利用；giveriseto引起；句意：父母親應該積極鼓勵孩子抓住機會參加體育活動。根據(jù)句意可知C項正確。答案：C34. Notuntilrecentlythedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.A. theyhadencouragedB. hadtheyencouragedC. didth

13、eyencourageD. theyencouragedAD解析：考查部分倒裝。當notuntil所引導的時間狀語放在句首的時候，主句要使用部分倒裝句。排除項，B項為過去完成時，上下文中并沒有體現(xiàn)出過去的過去的時間。句意：直到最近他們才鼓勵在農(nóng)村地區(qū)開展與旅游業(yè)有關(guān)的活動。故C正確。答案：C35. Jackstillcanthelpbeinganxiousabouthisjobinterview.Lackofself-confidenceishis,Iamafraid.A. Achilles'heelB. child'splayC. greenfingersD. laststr

14、aw解析：考查諺語。Achilles'heel唯一的致命的弱點；child'splay容易做的事情；輕而易舉的事情；greenfingers擅長園藝的人；laststraw壓死駱駝的最后一根稻草。句意：一Jack仍然情不自禁地擔心他的工作面試。一恐怕玦乏自信是他唯一的弱點。根據(jù)句意可知A項正確。答案：A第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）請閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Yearsago,acriticaleventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.

15、ImetKurtKampmeirofSuccessMotivationIncorporationforbreakfast.Whilewewere36,Kurtaskedme,“John,whatisyour37forpersonalgrowth?38 for growth. I told him about theNeveratalossforwords,ItriedtofindthingsinmylifethatmightmanyactivitiesinwhichIwas39.AndIwentintoa40abouthowhardIworkedandthegainsIwasmaking.Im

16、usthavetalkedfortenminutes.Kurt41patiently,butthenhe42smiledandsaid,“Youdon'thaveapersonalplanforgrowth,doyou?”“No,I43.“Youknow,"Kurtsaidsimply,“growthis44otapnocess.”Andthat'swhenit45me.Iwasn'tdoinganything46tomakemyselfbetter.Andatthatmoment,Imadethe47:Iwilldevelopandfollowaperson

17、algrowthplanformy48.Thatnight,Italkedtomywifeaboutmy49withKurtandwhatIhadlearned.I50hertheworkbookandtapesKurtwasselling.We51thatKurtwasn'tjusttryingtomakeasale.Hewasofferinga52forustochangeourlivesandachieveourdreams.Severalimportantthingshappenedthatday.First,wedecidedto53theresources.Butmorei

18、mportantly,we made a commitment to54togetherasacouple.Fromthatdayon,welearnedtogether,traveledtogether,andsacrificedtogether.Itwasa55decision.Whiletoomanycouplesgrowapart,weweregrowingtogether.36.A. workingB. preparingC. thinkingD. eating解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)36空前“forbreakfast”,可知我在吃早飯的時候遇見了Kurt,當我們正在吃飯的時候，他

19、問我對個人成長有什么樣的計劃。故D項符合上下文串聯(lián)。答案：D37.A. suggestionB. demandC. planD. request解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)42空后“Youdon'thaveapersonalplanforgrowth,doyou?對于個人成長你并沒有計劃，是吧？”可知Kurt在問我個人成長計劃是什么。故C項正確。答案：C38.A. appealB. lookC. callD. qualify解析：考查動詞短語辯析。動詞appeal呼吁，吸引（通常與to連用）；100kfor尋找；callfor需要求，需要;qualifyfor有資格，能月4任；當Kurt

20、提出這個問題的時候，我努力找出一些個人生活中與成長有關(guān)的事情。與ABC三項的語義不搭配。故D正確。答案：D39.A. involvedB. trappedC. lostD. bathed解析：考查形容詞短語。本句是定語從句，介詞in提前至關(guān)系代詞which之前。形容詞短語beinvolvedin參與；卷入betrappedin被困在中；belostin沉浸于；bebathedin被籠罩;我告訴他很多我所參加的活動。根據(jù)句意可知A正確。答案：A40.A. lectureB.speechC. discussionD. debate解析：考查名詞辨析。名詞lecture講課，訓話；speech演說，

21、演講；discussion討論；debate辯論；爭論;我在發(fā)表關(guān)于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演講。與討論、爭論及講課無關(guān)。故B正確。答案：B41.A. calculatedB. listenedC. drankD. explained解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。動詞calculate計算，估算；listen聽；drink喝；explain解釋；我講了十幾分鐘自己的個人努力及成就，Kurt在耐心的聽我說。故B正確。答案：B42.A. eagerlyB. graduallyC. gratefullyD.finally解析：查副詞辨析。副詞eagerly急切地；gradually逐漸地；gra

22、tefully感激地；finally最后，終于；耐心地聽我講了很長時間，最后他笑著對我說：對于個人成長你并沒有計劃，是吧？故D正確。答案：D43.A. admittedB. interruptedC. apologizedD. complained解析：考查動詞辨析。動詞admit承認；interrupt打斷；apologize道歉；complain抱怨；"Kurt笑著對我說：對于個人成長你并沒有計劃，是吧？”這是一個否定的反義疑問句，在回答的時候“no”翻譯為“是的”.說明我承認自己并沒有個人成長計劃。故A項正確。答案：A44.A. automaticB. slowC. indep

23、endentD. changing解析：考查形容詞辨析。形容詞automatic自動的；slow緩慢的；independent獨立的；changing不斷變化的；Kurt告訴我成長并不是一個自動的過程，一定要有計劃性，有計劃的個人成長才是有效的成長。從那以后我意識到自己在這方面的缺乏并作出改變。BCD三項與語義不搭配。答案：A45.A. confusedB. informedC. pleasedD. hit解析：查動詞辨析。動詞confuse使.困惑；inform通知；please使.高興；取悅；hit擊中；打動；觸動；Kurt的話觸動了我，我的確沒有有意識地做一些事情讓自己變得更好。故D項正

24、確。答案：D46.A. onloanB. onpurposeC. onsaleD. onbalance解析：考查介詞辨析。介詞onloan暫借，出借的；onpurpose故意地；onsale降價出售；onbalance總之;他的話讓我意識到自己的確沒有有意地做一些讓自己更好的事情。故B項正確。答案：B47.A. commentB. announcementC. decisionD. arrangement解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)文章55空Itwasa55decision.可知我做出了一個決定：要為我的生活做一個個人的成長計劃。故C項正確。答案：C48.A. lifeB. progressC.

25、 performanceD. investment解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。名詞life生活；progress進步；performance表現(xiàn)；investment投資；根據(jù)whatisyour37forpersonalgrowth?可知這個計劃是為個人成長計劃，是與個人生活有關(guān)的計劃。BCD三項都屬于A項的范圍。故A正確。答案：A49.A. contractB. conversationC. negotiationD. argument解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。名詞contract合同，契約；conversation對話；negotiation談判；協(xié)商；argument爭論；根據(jù)文章前兩段可知我和

26、Kurt在吃早飯的時候，進行了一次關(guān)于個人成長計劃的談話。故B正確。答案：B50.A.lentB.soldC.showedD.offered解析：考查動詞辨祈。動詞lend借入；sell出售；show展示；offer提供；我向妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的書和磁帶。我們意識到他并不是想向我們兜售自己的書而是給了我們一個改變生活和實現(xiàn)夢想的方法。故ABD三項語義不搭配。故C正確。答案：C51.A.recalledB. definedC. recognizedD. declared解析：考查動詞辯祈。動詞recall回憶；de巾ne定義；recognize意識到；認出；declare宣布；我們意識到

27、他并不是想向我們兜售自己的書，而是給了我們一個改變生活和實現(xiàn)夢想的方法。根據(jù)句意可知C項正確。答案：C52.A. toolB. methodC. wayD. rule解析：考查名詞辯析。名詞tool工具；method方法（通常和介詞with連用）；way方法；rule規(guī)則；Kurt給了我們一個改變生活和實現(xiàn)夢想的方法。B項的介詞搭配錯誤。故C正確。答案：C53.A. provideB. buyC. giveD. deliver解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)文章前一段可知我們意識到他并不是想向我們兜售自己的書，而是給了我們一個改變生活和實現(xiàn)夢想的方法。說明我們認可了他的觀點，所以我們購買了他的書和磁

28、帶等資源。故B正確。答案：B54.A. growB. surviveC. moveD. gather解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)上文可知Kurt和我談論的是個人成長的話題，我和妻子在他的影響下承諾共同成長，一起進步。故A正確。答案：A55.A.difficultB.randomC.firmD.wise解析：考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)后句：Whiletoomanycouplesgrowapart,weweregrowingtogether可知我和妻子一起成長。說明他的資源對我們有很好的作用，我們做出的是一個明智的決定。故D項正確。答案：D第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）請閱讀下列

29、短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A©Learning:AnAlcerwtiveLearningDayschoolProgramSecondarystudentsacrossTorontoDistrictSchoolBoard(TDSB)areinvitedtotakeoneortwoe-Learningcoursesontheirdayschooltimetable.Studentswillremainontherollattheirdayschool.Theon-lineclassroomprovidesaninnovativ

30、erelevantandinteractiveLearningenvironment.Thecoursesandon-lineclassroomareprovidedbytheMinistryofEducationTheseon-linecoursesMaretaughtbyTDSBsecondaryschoolteachers.JarepartoftheTDSBStudent'stimetable;and7appearontheStudent'sreportuponcompletionBenefitsofe-LearningInclude:MAccesstocoursesth

31、atmaynotbeavailableathisorherTDSBschoolMUsingtechnologytoprovidestudentswithcurrentinformation:and.MassistancetosolvetimetableconflictsIse-LearningforYou?Studentswhoaresuccessfulinon-linecourseareusually;Mabletoplan,organizetimeandcompleteassignmentsandactivities;Mcapableofworkingindependentlyinares

32、ponsibleandhonestmanner;and,MabletoregularlyuseacomputerormobiledevicewithinternetaccessStudentsneedtospendatleastasmuchtimewiththeiron-linecourseworkastheywouldinaface-to-faceclassroomcourse.56. E-LearningcoursesaredifferentfromotherTDSBcoursesinthat.A. theyaregivenbybestTDSBteachers.B. theyarenoto

33、nthedayschooltimetable.C. theyarenotincludedonstudentsorts.'repD. theyareanadditiontoTDSBcourses.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)Benefitsofe-Learning部分Include:AccesstocoursesthatmaynotbeavailableathisorherTDSBschool.可知該網(wǎng)絡學習涵蓋一些TDSB學校里設有的課程。也就是說E-Learning中的一些課程是TDSB課程的一些有益的撲充。故D項正確。答案：D57. Whatdostudentsneedtodobefor

34、ecompletinge-learningcourses?A. Tolearninformationtechnologyon-line.B. Todotheirassignmentsindependently.C. Toupdatetheirmobiledevicesregularly.D. Totalkfacetofacewiththeirteachers.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)Ise-LearningforYou?部分Studentswhoaresuccessfulinon-linecourseareusually;capableofworkingindependentlyinarespo

35、nsibleandhonestmanner;可知只要那些以負責任地誠實的態(tài)度能夠獨立完成作業(yè)的學生才可以在這項課程中取得成功。故B項正確。答案：BBChimps（黑猩猩）willcooperateincertainways,likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct（本能）tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmoth

36、ersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren.Whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.Inthelaboratory,chimpsdon'tnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreateffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighbortothenextcage,hewillpullatrandom-

37、hejustdoesn'tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.Humanchildren,ontheotherhandareextremelycorporative.Fromtheearliestages,theydecidetohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateaachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexpe

38、nsivewithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanworriedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught.butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.Oneisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebe

39、foremostparentshavestartedtotrainchildrentobehavesocially.Anotheristhatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarerewarded.Athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligence.Developsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive（認知的）skills,atleastwhencomparedwithchimps.IntestsconductedbyTomtasell,thechildrendidnobet

40、terthanthechimpsonthephysicalworldtests,butwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworldThecureofwhatchildren'smindshaveandchimps'don'tinwhatTomasellocallswhat.Partofthisabilithattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarethinking.Butthat,evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurpose.Theya

41、ctivelyseektobepartofa"we",agrouspktltowinrteradshtoredgoal.58. Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?A. Chimpsseldomcareaboutothers'interests.B. Chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.C. Chimpsliketotakeintheirneighbors'food.D. Chimpsnaturallysharefoodwitheachother.解析：推理判斷題。根

42、據(jù)文意第二段后兩句"ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,hewillpullatrandom-hejustdoesn'tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish”可知黑猩猩很自私，通常會把鄰居的食物搞的一團糟。說明他們根本不關(guān)心其他人的利益。故A正確。答案：A59. MichaelTomasellostestsonyoungchildrenindicatethattheyA.havetheinstincttohelp

43、othersB. knowhowtoofferhelptoadultsC. knowtheworldbetterthanchimpsD.trustadultswiththeirhandsfull解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanworriedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopen3door,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.和第四段第句Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharear

44、enottaught.butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.可知只有18個月的孩子就知道去幫助他人，而且?guī)椭说淖龇ú⒉皇歉改赣H教的，屬于人類的本能。故A項正確。答案：A60. Thepassageismainlyabout.A. thehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrenB. waystotrainchildren'ssharedintentionalityC. cooperationasadistinctivehumannatureD. thedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren解析：

45、主旨大意題。本文屬于科普說明文，作者從猩猩的自私行為導入到人類無私幫助他人的本能，分析了人類愿意幫助他人、愿意與他人合作的本能天性的原因。ABD都屬于文章的部分內(nèi)容，并非中心思想。故C項正確。答案：CC日Nifio,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbfiShertlnaAmWnicanoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNifioseeswarmwater

46、,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNifio,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNifioin1997helpedAmerican'ec

47、onomygrowby15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvest,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinrichcountriesingrowththanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought（干旱）insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.Thoughheavyrainsbroughtabou

48、tbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.Acco

49、rdingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute（ODI）,however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure（基礎設施

50、）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers（T水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino'saharttiejpeoe

51、ctsthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedst

52、obethepriority.61. WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.B. Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.C. ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.D. Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第段最后句ElNifioseeswarmwater,collectedoversev

53、eralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.可知厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象見證了海洋中水流方向的變化。故D正確。答案：D62. WhatmayElNinosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?A. Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B. Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.C. Richcountries'

54、gainsaregreaterthanohees.D. Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNifio,onbalance,thantheylose.可知富有國家從厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象中得到的好處要大于所得到的壞處。接著在第三句中列舉了1997年的厄爾尼諾給美國經(jīng)濟帶來的好處。故C項正確。答案：C63. ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat.A. moreinvestmentshouldgoto

55、riskreductionB. governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC. victimsofElNinodeservemorecompensationD. recoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirst解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第三句AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODIXhowever,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,rathertha

56、nrecovery3Edrebuildingafterwards.根據(jù)ODI的觀點，為應對厄爾尼諾政府應該做更多的投資預防厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的危害而不是在出現(xiàn)問題以后再進行重新補救和恢復。故A項正確。答案：A64. Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A. TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin.B. ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNino.C. ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino.D. TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino.解析：目的意圖

57、題。本文主要介紹了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象對地球的影響，并吉訴我們諾政府應該做更多的投資預防厄爾尼諾的危害而不是在出現(xiàn)問題以后再進行重新補救和恢復。再根據(jù)最后一句"SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority."合國政府要把減少損失放在優(yōu)先的位置。也就是說我們要事先做好準備。故D項正確。答案：DDNotsolongago,mostpeopledidn'tknowwhoShellyAnnFrancisPrycewasgoingtobecome.Shewasjustanaveragehighschoolathlete.TherewaseveryindicationthatshewasjustanotherAmericanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.However,onepersonwantstochangethis.StephenFrancisobservedtheneighteen-year-oldShellyAnnasatrackmeetandwasconvincedthathehadseenthebeginningoftr