1、“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”雪夜林邊小駐雪夜林邊小駐 by Robert Frost LifeMain WorksLiterary StyleAnalysisRobert Frost (1874-1963)A famous American modernist poet The winner of 4 Pulitzer Prizes (普利策獎(jiǎng)普利策獎(jiǎng))A poet of the New England countrysideA Boys Will （1913） 一個(gè)男孩的意愿一個(gè)男孩的意愿 North of Boston （1914） 波士頓以

2、北波士頓以北 New Hampshire （1923 ） 新罕布什爾新罕布什爾 Collection of poems Poems Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening 雪夜林邊小駐雪夜林邊小駐 The Road Not Taken 未選擇的路未選擇的路 After Apple-Picking 摘罷蘋(píng)果摘罷蘋(píng)果 Literary StyleProfound meanings are hidden underneath the plain language and simple form. (1) He wrote about the natural worl

3、d and rural life, especially the New England landscape.(2) He often used simple language, a graceful style and traditional forms in his poems. (3) Symbolism (the imageswoods, stars and houses are taken from everyday life to express profound ideas)Whose woods these are I think I know.His house is in

4、the village though;林主的莊宅就在鄰村林主的莊宅就在鄰村 ；想來(lái)我認(rèn)識(shí)這座森林想來(lái)我認(rèn)識(shí)這座森林 ，I think I know whose woods these areAnalysis of the Poem woods 象征著大自然，而象征著大自然，而village 象征著人類社會(huì)象征著人類社會(huì)He will not see me stopping here,To watch his woods fill up with snow.凝視他的林子雪花紛飛凝視他的林子雪花紛飛 。他不會(huì)看到我停留于此他不會(huì)看到我停留于此 ， 這里，我們不妨把未露面的樹(shù)林主人及其房屋村落看作是

5、詩(shī)人這里，我們不妨把未露面的樹(shù)林主人及其房屋村落看作是詩(shī)人精心設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)象征，其含義是現(xiàn)實(shí)世界和人群。而詩(shī)歌中的旅行精心設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)象征，其含義是現(xiàn)實(shí)世界和人群。而詩(shī)歌中的旅行者顯然獨(dú)自一人佇立于代表大自然的樹(shù)林和代表現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的村落之者顯然獨(dú)自一人佇立于代表大自然的樹(shù)林和代表現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的村落之間，思索自己的選擇和方向。間，思索自己的選擇和方向。The owner of the woodsMy little horse must think it queer，To stop without a farmhouse near，Between the woods and frozen lake，The

6、darkest evening of the year.我那馬兒一定以我為怪我那馬兒一定以我為怪 ，在這一年中最黑之夜在這一年中最黑之夜 ，湖面冰封，近無(wú)人家，林雪覆蓋，湖面冰封，近無(wú)人家，林雪覆蓋，停佇在此是何原因？停佇在此是何原因？奇怪的奇怪的原因原因使讀者看到使讀者看到大雪紛飛的大雪紛飛的同時(shí)，更感同時(shí)，更感覺(jué)到一陣刺覺(jué)到一陣刺骨的寒冷。骨的寒冷。He gives his harness bells a shake，To ask if there is some mistake.主人你停在這里，是否有錯(cuò)？主人你停在這里，是否有錯(cuò)？馬兒輕搖鈴具馬兒輕搖鈴具 ，似乎在問(wèn)：，似乎在問(wèn)：詩(shī)人借助

7、詩(shī)人借助馬兒的馬兒的鈴聲在這潔白寂靜的世界中加入鈴聲在這潔白寂靜的世界中加入了聲響，了聲響，馬兒馬兒似乎以鈴聲來(lái)責(zé)怪主人的奇怪選擇。似乎以鈴聲來(lái)責(zé)怪主人的奇怪選擇。1）My horse2）Personification 擬人擬人The only other sounds the sweep,Of easy wind and downy flake.只有清風(fēng)徐來(lái)，雪花飄落。只有清風(fēng)徐來(lái)，雪花飄落。此外別無(wú)他聲此外別無(wú)他聲，1)Alliteration 頭韻頭韻2)連續(xù)的連續(xù)的s音另人似乎耳聞風(fēng)吹音另人似乎耳聞風(fēng)吹 樹(shù)林的嗖嗖聲和雪飄的簌簌聲樹(shù)林的嗖嗖聲和雪飄的簌簌聲Light and gentl

8、esoft and feathery絨毛般的絨毛般的薄片薄片，這里這里指雪花指雪花The woods are lovely, dark and deep,But I have promises to keep,不過(guò)，我有約要赴，不過(guò)，我有約要赴，樹(shù)林幽深，景色迷人，樹(shù)林幽深，景色迷人，詩(shī)人來(lái)自社會(huì)，盡管大自然的魅力使他流連忘返，詩(shī)人來(lái)自社會(huì)，盡管大自然的魅力使他流連忘返，但但他他最終最終決定決定回歸回歸社社會(huì)。會(huì)。社會(huì)職責(zé)和義務(wù)社會(huì)職責(zé)和義務(wù)1）Alliteration 頭韻頭韻2）強(qiáng)調(diào)樹(shù)林的幽暗和深邃）強(qiáng)調(diào)樹(shù)林的幽暗和深邃And miles to go before I sleep,And

9、miles to go before I sleep.須行完路程才能安眠。須行完路程才能安眠。須行完路程才能安眠，須行完路程才能安眠，采用重疊句采用重疊句的形式以強(qiáng)的形式以強(qiáng)調(diào)肩負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)肩負(fù)責(zé)任之重大。任之重大。詩(shī)人承擔(dān)起自己所應(yīng)擔(dān)負(fù)的社會(huì)責(zé)任，詩(shī)人承擔(dān)起自己所應(yīng)擔(dān)負(fù)的社會(huì)責(zé)任，尋求自己人生的真正意義。尋求自己人生的真正意義。Writing Skills(1) Rhythm and Rhyme(格律格律)：this poem is written in Iambic tetrameter(四步抑揚(yáng)格四步抑揚(yáng)格), the rhyme scheme is AABA,BBCB,CCDC,DDDD,

10、which is called interlocking enclosed rhyme. Within the four lines of each stanza, the first, second, and fourth lines rhyme. The third line does not, but it sets up the rhymes for the next stanza. For example, in the third stanza, “queer”, ”near“, and “year” all rhyme,but “l(fā)ake” rhymes with “shake”

11、, ”mistake“, and ”flake“ in the followingstanza.這種韻式叫這種韻式叫連鎖抱韻連鎖抱韻即每一詩(shī)節(jié)的第即每一詩(shī)節(jié)的第1,2,4行押韻，第行押韻，第3行的尾韻行的尾韻 成成為為下一詩(shī)節(jié)的韻腳。下一詩(shī)節(jié)的韻腳。(old fashioned or traditional form)(2) Rhetorical Device(修辭修辭)： Alliteration (頭韻頭韻) sound & sleep; dark & deep Personification (擬人擬人) “he”horse “My little horse must t

12、hink it queer.” “To ask if there is some mistake.” Repetition (重復(fù)重復(fù)) “and miles to go before I sleep, and miles to go before I sleep.” Superficial meaning: there is still a long distance before the speaker arrives at home and sleeps. Implied meaning: there are still numerous responsibilities before

13、the speakers life comes to an end. (3) Images/Symbolism (意象意象/象征象征) Woods-The mystery of nature; the temptations in our life Village & He (the owner of the woods)Human world & society Snow-Something of purity Promises-The unavoidable responsibilities & obligations Miles-Long distance; th

14、e heavy duty of life Sleep-Rest during night; the end of life (death) I am on my way-The journey of life Summary Stanza 1Whose woods these are I think I know, A His house is in the village though, AHe will not see me stopping here, BTo watch his woods fill up with snow. A The first stanza tells us t

15、hat the man is stopping in front of the woods owned by another person in the village-the village and the owner can both represent human society. Only the man is watching the woods being filled up with snow. The woods and snow can both hint at natural occurrences. Stanza 2 My little horse must think

16、it queer, B To stop without a farmhouse near, B Between the woods and frozen lake, C The darkest evening of the year. BThis stanza says the location is far from civilization (farmhouse), light (darkest evening) and warmth (frozen lake) that even the horse would think the man is queer to stop there.

17、Stanza 3He gives his harness bells a shake, CTo ask if there is some mistake. CThe only other sounds the sweep, DOf easy wind and downy flake. CThe climax of the whole poem is when the man is woken up by his horse and steps out of fantasy but he finds himself in a contradiction between reality and f

18、antasy. Stanza 4The woods are lovely, dark, and deep, DBut I have promises to keep, DAnd miles to go before I sleep, DAnd miles to go before I sleep. DThis stanza reveals the woods attractiontowards the man as it is “l(fā)ovely, dark and deep”. It also shows the mans determination to break away from such aesthetic temptation because he has to take on worldly burdens and responsibilities (“promises”). Theme This poem stresses a central conflict between mans enjoyment of natural beauty and hi