1、工作分析Job AnalysisQuestions:What is the content of each job?How will you know when people are doing a good job? How should you measure their performance?What qualifications will people need in each job?What should you train each person to do in each job?How much should you pay for doing each job?人力資源管

2、理流程HR PlanningStaffingTrainingCompensationPerformance AppraisalLabor RelationControllingJob AnalysisJob DescriptionJob SpecificationRecruitmentSelectionOrientationSocializationTrainingWagesBenefitsObservationAppraisal InterviewCommunicationJob SatisfactionDisciplineTermination工作分析 對象: 職位以系統(tǒng)化的方式來蒐集分析

3、特定職位的工作內(nèi)容，方法及職責(zé)等相關(guān)資訊界定完成工作所須具備之知識技能，及人格特質(zhì) Occupation 客務(wù)部服務(wù)員Position 房務(wù)員Job 清潔客房 Tasks 客房清潔，客房備品補(bǔ)給， 協(xié)助客人問題Elements (activities)客房清潔清理垃圾桶 (element 1)清潔廁所地面 (element 2)SOURCE OF DATAJob analystEmployeeSupervisorMETHODS OF COLLECTING DATAObservationInterviewsQuestionnaires/ChecklistsCritical IncidentsOt

4、hers JOB DATATasksPerformance standardsResponsibilitiesTools/Equipment/AidsKnowledgeSkillsAbilitiesJOB DESCRIPTIONTasksDutiesResponsibilitiesJOB SPECIFICATIONSkill requirementsKnowledge requirementsAbilities neededPhysical demandsHUMAN RESOURCES FUNCTIONSRecruitmentSelectionTraining & DevelopmentPer

5、formance AppraisalCompensationControlJob Analysis ModelSteps in Job AnalysisSelect Jobs for AnalysisDetermine What Information to CollectDetermine How to Collect the InformationDetermine Who Collects the InformationProcess the InformationWrite Job DescriptionsWrite Job Specifications如何蒐集工作分析資訊?Top-d

6、own approach適用於新的或未來的工作由組織發(fā)展所欲達(dá)成目標(biāo)來思考工作內(nèi)容項(xiàng)目Bottom-up approach適用於existing jobs由工作人員提供訊息告知工作業(yè)務(wù)內(nèi)容Bottom-up approach of JAObservations觀察法Interviews面談法Questionnaires 問卷法 (Job Inventory)Critical incidents technique (CIT) 重要事件法diaries 日記法Job descriptions & Job specifications工作分析所得的管理工具Job descriptions 工作說明

7、書記錄工作內(nèi)容，方法，責(zé)任，環(huán)境，及活動可供員工及該職位主管參考summarize the duties, responsibilities, working conditions and activities of a specific jobJob specification 工作規(guī)範(fàn)記錄擔(dān)任該職為所需具備的資格與條件describe the qualifications required to perform the job工作說明書主要內(nèi)容Job identification工作識別Job summary工作摘要Responsibilities and duties關(guān)係與職責(zé)Autho

8、rity職權(quán)Standards of performance績效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Working conditions工作條件Job specifications工作規(guī)範(fàn)Trendmulti-task&multi-skillJob DesignJob Design設(shè)計(jì)搭配不同的工作內(nèi)容(tasks, functions)以提高生產(chǎn)效率並提升工作的內(nèi)外性工作價(jià)值A(chǔ) systematic process through with the work content (tasks, functions, and relationships), the rewards (extrinsic and intrinsic

9、), and the qualifications required (KSA) is determined for each job.Job CharacteristicsSkill variety (makes job interesting) 技能多樣Task identity (sees the products)可見成果Task significance (effort worthwhile)工作重要性Autonomy (personal responsibilities)工作自主性Feedback (know the results)持續(xù)性回饋工作設(shè)計(jì)方法Job simplific

10、ation 簡單化Job enlargement 擴(kuò)大化Job rotation 輪調(diào)Job enrichment 豐富化工作簡單化Job simplification將複雜工作分為細(xì)小單位，每人只執(zhí)行其中一部份非常專業(yè)分工重複動作提升工作正確性“time and motion analysis”Job enlargement 工作擴(kuò)大化藉由增加類似工作以擴(kuò)大工作內(nèi)容水平層面的擴(kuò)大工作內(nèi)容 A horizontal job expansionJob rotation 工作輪調(diào)員工在各個(gè)不同職位或部門輪調(diào)Reduces boredomEasier to staff unpleasant job輪調(diào)方法水平輪調(diào)垂直輪調(diào)Job enrichment 工作豐富化除擴(kuò)大工作項(xiàng)目外並負(fù)與員工更多的權(quán)利，責(zé)任，及自主性Increase ees authority, responsibility, and autonomy (Vertical job expansion) less supervision and more self-este