1、第三講代詞和數(shù)詞代詞IMMN代詞是高考考查的重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目之一， 也是考生容易出錯(cuò)的項(xiàng)目， 因?yàn)榇~具有較大靈活 性。考生在做代詞選擇填空時(shí)最容易犯的錯(cuò)誤是1）機(jī)械地套用語(yǔ)法規(guī)則； 2）用漢語(yǔ)思維去分析題意。從高考考查情況看，高考考查最多的是不定代詞，因?yàn)椴欢ù~是整個(gè)代詞中最 為活躍的部分，其次是名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞。、代詞的分類單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)A 人稱第二人稱第三人稱A 人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代 詞主格Iyouhe she itweyouthey賓格meyouhim her itusYouthem物主代 詞形容 詞性myyourhis her itsouryourtheir名詞 性mineyo

2、urshis hers itsoursyourstheirs反身代詞myselfyourselfhimself herselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示代詞this that suchthese those such相 互 代 詞賓格each other one another所有格each other s one another s不 定 代 詞可數(shù)one each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either., neitherP不可數(shù)much, (a) little可數(shù)不口 數(shù)any other all som

3、e復(fù)合 不定代詞anyone anybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing疑問代詞who whom whose which what連接代詞who whom whose which what (參見第九講)關(guān)系代詞who whom whose which that(參見第一講）二、代詞的用法.人稱代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)用主格，在句中作賓語(yǔ)，則用賓格;She teaches them physics.在句中作表語(yǔ)常用賓格；Who is it? It s me.但有時(shí)要用主

4、格：It was I who told him the whole story.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)，故I用主格。兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人稱代詞并列時(shí)，其順序是：?jiǎn)螖?shù)按2, 3, 1人稱排列，復(fù)數(shù)按1, 2, 3人稱順序排列。you, she and I ; we, you and they.物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞只能作賓語(yǔ)We love our motherland.名詞性物主代t可用作主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)Your coat is black while mine is red.反身代詞用作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，或主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)He teaches himself Japanese every ev

5、ening.（賓語(yǔ)）She is not quite herself today.她今天身體不太舒服。（表語(yǔ)）I myself can repair the bike.（主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)）常用含有反身代詞的慣用語(yǔ)歸納by oneself= alone 獨(dú)自for oneselfbe oneself 處于正常狀態(tài) ，顯得自然enjoy oneselfseat oneself 坐下dress oneself indevote oneself to專心、于、獻(xiàn)身于help oneself to用客氣come to oneself 蘇醒make oneself at home獨(dú)立、為自己玩得愉快給自己穿自

6、行取用、不不要客氣4.指示代詞this 和that是近指,that 和those 是遠(yuǎn)指I don t want thi s book. I want that one.有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)，常用 that/ those來(lái)代表前面出現(xiàn)過的名詞At this time of yearthe weather here is much colder than that in Nanjing.this和that都可代表前面提到過的事情，若出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)名詞，指代前面的用that指代較后 面的用this ;但若指下文將要敘述事情，則只能用this ,不能用that。此外，還可用于代替上文中出現(xiàn)過個(gè)單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞

7、，且后面帶有of短語(yǔ)修飾。Health is above wealth; this cannot give so much happiness as that.健康勝于財(cái)富；財(cái)富不會(huì)像健康那樣帶來(lái)那么多幸福（句中this=wealth; that=health）They cant afford it. That/this is their problem.What I want you to remember is this :English is of great use.（此句中 this 不能用that替換）The population of Shanghai is larger tha

8、n that of Suzhou. such的用法such 一般在句中作定語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ).用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，它所修飾的名詞前的不定冠詞應(yīng)放在之后。Such is my answer.Such are the results of the exams.I have never seen such beautiful flowers.用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，它所修飾的名詞前的不定冠詞應(yīng)放在such之后such a good book 。.相互代詞在句中可作賓語(yǔ)They help each other and learn from each other.加s后成為所有格，作定語(yǔ)They asked about one an

9、other s life and work.不定代詞不定代詞種類較多，在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意其用法與區(qū)別。為了便于記憶我們擇其重點(diǎn)以表格的 形式列出。不定代詞區(qū)另1J例句one, some , any 和 itone可以泛指人或者事（東 西），其復(fù)數(shù)為ones。We ve been looking at the houses buthaven t foundwe like yet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them Cars do cause us some health problems - in fact far more seriousthan mobilephones do.A.one

10、 B.ones C.itD.thosesome可附十疑問句中，表不 盼望得到肯定的答復(fù)，或者 表小建議，請(qǐng)求等。 Your coffee smells great! It s from Mexico. Would you like?A.itB.someC.thisD.1ittlesome和any修飾可數(shù)名詞 單數(shù)時(shí)，some表小某個(gè)，any 表小任何一個(gè)。 I have read this article in some magazine.Please correct the mistakes, if any.一Which of the three ways shall I take to t

11、he village?way as you please.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.Eitherone指同類中的一個(gè)，it指 代同一種類的東西。記住下 列三點(diǎn)區(qū)別： it =the /this/ my+單數(shù)名詞one =a/an+單數(shù)名詞it代替特定的單數(shù)名詞 one代替不特定的單數(shù)名詞one 之前加上7旭；詞the可以表小特指，one前如有 形容詞修飾，之前還可以加 上不定冠詞，但是it之前既 不能加冠詞也不能加形容詞 修飾。此外it還可以作形式主語(yǔ)、一There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go a

12、nd borrow ?No, I d rather buy in thebookstore.A.it;oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;itThis film is an interesting one.Of all the dresses, this is the one I like best.形式賓語(yǔ)和用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 史。some多用于肯止句，any多 用于疑問句和否定句。There s cooking oil in the house.Would you go to the corner store and get .A.1ittle,someB.1ittle,anyC.

13、a little,some D.a little,any We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for.A.noneB.eitherC.anyD.each He doesn t havefurniture in hisroom -just an old desk.A. any B. many C. some D.mucheach 和 everyeach強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別，代表的數(shù)可 以是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，而 every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，所指的數(shù) 必須是三個(gè)或二個(gè)以上。 Each student has a pocket dic

14、tionary.Each (of us) has a dictionary.= Weeach have a dictionary. Every student has strong and weak points.Every one of us has strong and weak points.all 和 bothboth指兩個(gè)人或物，而all 指三個(gè)以上的人或物.在句 中都可作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)， 同位語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)一Which of the two books will you take?一I ll takeand I thinkof themis very important to me.A

15、. either; neither B. neither; bothC. both; either D. either; both一Which of those electronic dictionariesdo you like most?.They are both cheap and of greatimportance.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All注思：both, all, each, every以及由every構(gòu)成的不te代詞出現(xiàn)在否te句中，不管否te詞在前還是在后，都是部分否定：All of them don t like music=Not al

16、l of t hemlikemusic.他們并不都售歡首樂。要表7K元全否te,需要借助neither , none , no one , nothing , nobody 等。Neither of them doesnt like music.他們倆都不喜歡首樂None of them don t like the music.他們者 B 不售歡音力。none 和 nono 等于 not any , 作te語(yǔ)。 none作主語(yǔ)或兵語(yǔ)，代替不 可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，代 替可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)皆 可。 There is no water in the bottle.Howmuchwater is

17、 there in the bottle? None. None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.other 和 anotherother泛指“另外的，別的” 常與其他詞連用,the otherday,every other week,some other reason, no other way,the other特指兩者中的另外一個(gè)，復(fù)數(shù)為the others 。 Both sides have accusedofbreaking the contract.A. another B. the other C. neitherD

18、. each Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.another 指又一個(gè)，另一個(gè)”，復(fù)數(shù)形式是others ,泛指“別的人或事”。 We had a picnic last term and it was a lotof fun , so let s have one thismonth.A. the other B. some C. anotherD. other The trousers are too long, please give me another pair /some ot

19、hers.Some likefootball,while others likebasketball.either 和 neither前者意思為：兩者中任何一 方都；后者意思為：兩者都不。一Do you want tea or coffee?,I really dont mind.A. noneB. neitherC. eitherD. all It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which of the parents spokethe language.A. noneB. neitherC. bothD. eachfew和

20、 little;a few 和 a littlefew和little表示沒有多少，含否定意義，而a few和a little 表小些，有幾個(gè)，含肯定意義.另 夕卜,few與a few修飾可數(shù)名詞，little 與 alittle 修飾不pJ數(shù)名詞。此夕卜 quite a few , quitealittle 意思是“不少，相當(dāng)多的”。 The old man knows a little English. Few of them can speak Russian.7.it的用法用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到的事情。This bike is not mine. It s Peter s.用以代替提

21、示代詞this, thatWhat is this?It s a pen.Whose book is that? It s Mike s.起指示代詞的作用，指一個(gè)人或事物 It must be the children. Who is knocking at the door?It s me. Who is making such a noise.指環(huán)境情況等。It was very quiet at the moment.指時(shí)間，季節(jié)，天氣，氣候等What time is it?It is eight o clock.It often rains in summer.指距離It is fiv

22、e kilometers from the office to my home.It is a long way to the factory.作形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常把它們放在謂語(yǔ)之后，而用it作句子的形式 主語(yǔ)It is not easy to finish the work in two days.It is not a good habit to stay up late.It is no use crying over split milk.It is a pity that you didn t read the book.當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)是不

23、定式，動(dòng)名詞，賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，往往把賓語(yǔ)放在它的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面，而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之前I think it no use arguing with him.I found it very interesting to study English.He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.注意：see to it that （務(wù)必）和 take it for granted that （想當(dāng)然）句型中的 it ,以及詞組 make it （做事成功，搞定）中的 it。用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)（詳見第十二講）要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一

24、部分（通常是主語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)），可以把it當(dāng)作先行詞.這種句子的結(jié) 構(gòu)是 “It is（was）+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that （who ）+句子的其余部分” .如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人， 可用 who whom 代替thatI met an old friend in the park yesterday.此句各部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)后句型如下：It was I who /that met an old friend in the park yesterday.It was an old friend who/ that/whom I met in the park yesterday.It was in the p

25、ark that I met an old friend yesterday.It was yesterday that I met an old friend in the park.考點(diǎn)1人稱代詞主格與賓格的用法 Our neighbors gave_a baby bird yesterday that hurtwhen it feJ from itsnest.A. us, itB. us, itselfC. ourselves, itselfD. ourselves, it【解析】答案為民 第一空考查必立的雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)give sb. sth* 蔻干含義是工我們的鄰居們給了我 們一個(gè)小鳥

26、加電如中的正和通都是做give的賓語(yǔ)，當(dāng)代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用賓 格，即口“第二突颶題意是小鳥從網(wǎng)中掉下來(lái)受傷的.所以用反身代詞，hurt it舞If. To save class time, our teacher has students do half of the exercisein class and complete the other half for homework.A. usB. we C. ourD. ours【解析】答案為 Ao us students 是同位結(jié)構(gòu)。us是賓語(yǔ)，students為us的同謂語(yǔ)，又如：tell us all 。考點(diǎn)2名詞性和形容詞性物主代詞的

27、用法Some of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are.A. him and her B. his and hersC. his and herD. him and hers【解析】答案為 Bo在句中作表語(yǔ)，指“他的郵票和她的郵票“用 his and her (=his stamps and her stamps) ?？键c(diǎn)3反身代詞的用法一Who called me this morning when I was out?A man calling Robert.A. himB. himselfC. hisD.不填【解析】答案為 B。因?yàn)椤癱

28、all sb./oneself+ 某名”就是“叫某人 /自稱某名字”；句意是“一個(gè)自稱羅伯特的人，用 himself 。after an injury?A. himselfB. himC. itselfD. it Isn t it amazing how the human body heals【解析】答案為 C itself指代前面的the human body ?？键c(diǎn)4指示代詞的用法一He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. When waswas in 2000 when he was still

29、 in college.A. that; ThisB. this; ItC. it; ThisD.that; It=it was in 2000【解析】答案為 D= that可以指代過去的情況，下句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的省略形式when he was still in college he got his first book published. Victoria Street?一Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street?is where the Grand Theatre is.A. SuchB. ThereC. ThatD. This【解析】答

30、案為 C that代替上下文提到的地方。 The English spoken inthe United Statesis only slightly differentfromspokenin England.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. the one【解析】答案為0= that用來(lái)指代前面的名詞The English,以避免重復(fù)。題意是“美國(guó)英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)和英國(guó)英語(yǔ)只有很微小的差別了?！痹谟⒄Z(yǔ)中，that還?？梢杂脕?lái)指代人口、天氣、金錢等。如： The weather here is hotter than that in the north of the country.

31、Little joy can equal of a surprising ending when you read stories.A. thatB. thoseC. anyD.some【解析】答案為 A。因?yàn)樘娲懊娴牟豢蓴?shù)名詞（little ） joy ,所以用that,而不是those。 此外指示代詞“ this和that ”還可以用作副詞修飾形容詞，相當(dāng)于“ so”。（DSometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn t alwaysmuch to do.A. suchB. thatC. moreD. ver

32、y【解析】答案為 B。much前用so,不用such?？谡Z(yǔ)中，常用that來(lái)代替so?？键c(diǎn)5表示兩者和多者的不定代詞的比較 If you can t decide which of the two books to borrow, why don t you take?I won t read them this week.A. allB. anyC. eitherD. both【解析】答案為 D。由前后語(yǔ)境來(lái)看，應(yīng)是建議對(duì)方將兩本書都拿去看。You may drop in or just give me a call._ will do.A. EitherB. EachC.NeitherD.

33、 All【解析】答案為 A。由前句可知是指兩者中白e 任何一個(gè)，用 either 。Of all the books on the desk,is of any use for our study.A. nothingB. no oneC.neitherD. none【解析】答案為D.由可知.是指三者或三者以上，癢除C選鼠 MhiB式役T陳西）與這里談到 的總書M毫無(wú)聯(lián)系，拄除出口。蹉=口口沒有一人）只能指人，也不符合題意二指多者 中“一個(gè)也沒有，沒有一個(gè)“用110ng.句中ofu犍ful,在句中作表語(yǔ).句意上在桌上的所有這些書中，沒有一本書對(duì)我ff的學(xué)習(xí)是有用的.It was hard fo

34、r him to learn English in a family, in which of the parents spoke the language.A. noneB. neitherC. bothD.each【解析】答案為 Bo neither 表示“兩者都不”，句意：在父母都不懂英語(yǔ)的家庭里學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，對(duì)于他來(lái)講是很困難的。The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to who can capture the tiger aliveor dead.A. bothB. othersC. anyoneD.another【解析】答案為 Co根據(jù)句意“

35、誰(shuí)能捕獲那只老虎，無(wú)論死活，市長(zhǎng)將給賞金5000美元”應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。其它三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均與題意不符?？键c(diǎn)6*0邊藥any的用法辨析There s cooking oil l eft in the house. Would you go to the corner store andget?A. little; someB. little; anyC. a little; someD. a little; any【解析】答案為 A。因?yàn)樵?Would you - ?等表示請(qǐng)求、勸請(qǐng)或建議之類的問句中，一般用some;又由后文“買些油”可知，家里“沒有油” 了，所以用 little 。句意：家里沒有油了，

36、請(qǐng)你到附近的店子里買些回來(lái)好嗎？一Would you like, sir? No, thanks. I have had much.A. some more orangesB. any more orangesC.some more orangeD. any more orange【解析】答案為Ao由答語(yǔ)中的much可知，對(duì)話中的orange是指“桔子汁”而非“桔子”， 是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，排除選項(xiàng) A和B;在勸請(qǐng)的疑問名中用some不用any,排除選項(xiàng)D。考點(diǎn)7替代詞it, that, (the) one(s),的用法辨析I m moving to the countryside b

37、ecause the air there is much fresher than in the city.A. onesB. oneC.thatD. those【解析】答案為 Co選項(xiàng)中只有that能替代不可數(shù)名詞the air。one替代“a+單數(shù)可數(shù)名 詞”，表示泛指。特指的 the one 相當(dāng)于that ; the one復(fù)數(shù)形式the ones ,在口 語(yǔ)中也常用those代替；當(dāng)后面有of短語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用that或those ,當(dāng)有前置修飾 語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用 one(s),如 the red one 。 one(s), the one(s), those, that者B是替代“同類”事

38、物，其中只有that可替代不可數(shù)名詞。we ve been looking at houses but haven t found we like yet.A. oneB. onesC.itD. them【解析】答案為 Ao one =a house,指我們喜歡的那一類房子。 Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious than mobilephones do.A. oneB. onesC. itD. those【解析】答案為 Bo替代泛指的名詞復(fù)數(shù)problems ,用ones。those是替代特的“the +

39、復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的。 My most famous relative of all,who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, mygreat-grandfather.A. oneB. the oneC.heD. someone【解析】答案為 B。由語(yǔ)境可判斷是特指，且作 My most famous relative of all的同位語(yǔ)， 用 the one 。一There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ? No, I d rath

40、er buyin the bookstore.A. it; oneB. one; oneC. one; itD. it;it【解析】答案為 Ao it指代前面的a copy of the book,后面的意思是：我要到書店去買一本(不是特指哪一本)?？键c(diǎn)8 another, (the) other (s)的用法辨析 I think he s just going to deal with this problem day.A. nextB. otherfollowingD. another【解析】答案為D表示“改天”用 another day。但表示相對(duì)于過去或?qū)?lái)某天來(lái)說(shuō)的“第二天”時(shí),用

41、the next day 或 the following day都可以。 No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of.A. othersB. the otherC. eitheranother【解析】答案為 Bo由neither可知，談話雙方都不同意對(duì)方的條件，這個(gè)“對(duì)方”是特指 的另一方，所以用 the other 。 The manager believes prices will not rise by more than four percent.A. any

42、 otherB. the otherC. anotherD.other【解析】答案為 Q題干上的意思應(yīng)該是“彳格不會(huì)再增長(zhǎng)超過4%。any other其他另外的。theother 兩者中第二者。another 另外，又，放在數(shù)詞前面。other表示另外”,和 more樣，要放在數(shù)字的后面?？键c(diǎn)9 everyf soniei an廠,no-與thing, -one, -body構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞J一One week s time has been wasted. I can t believe we did all that work forA. somethingB. nothing C.ev

43、erythingD. anything【解析】答案為 B。因?yàn)閒or nothing 是習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“徒勞、沒有好結(jié)果”、“免費(fèi)”，句 意是：我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信我們所做的一切都是徒勞的。She doesn t know anyone here. She has got to talk to.A. anyoneB. someoneC.everyoneD. no one【解析】答案為 D=因?yàn)椤霸谶@里，她誰(shuí)都不認(rèn)識(shí)”，所以“她沒有人可以交談。no one=nobody =not any one 沒有一個(gè)人。 I made so many changes in my composition that on

44、ly I could read it. To else, it was hard to make out.A. noneB. everyoneC. someoneD. anyone【解析】答案為 d意為除了我以外，“其他任何人(anyone else) ”都很難懂。一I d like some more cheese.Sorry, there s left.A. someB. noneC. a littleD. few【解析】答案為 Bo none既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，表示“一個(gè)也不，一個(gè)也沒有”；也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示“一點(diǎn)也不，一點(diǎn)也沒有”。在本題中指代不可數(shù)名詞cheese。本題的意思

45、是：我想再來(lái)點(diǎn)奶酪。一抱歉，一點(diǎn)都沒有了。A項(xiàng)some表示一些，C項(xiàng)a little 表示“有一點(diǎn)，修飾不可數(shù)名詞D項(xiàng)few表示“幾乎沒有”，修飾可數(shù)名詞。考點(diǎn)IQ it的特殊用法士引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,作形式主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，用在固定習(xí)語(yǔ)中. If I can help, I dont like working late into the night.A. sothemB. thatC. itD.【解析】答案為 C if I can help it 意為“如果我有辦法”，表示有辦法做某事，或有辦法控制某個(gè)局面。所提供的情景I don t like working late into the night說(shuō)明

46、如果有辦法，不喜歡工作到深夜。so意為“這樣”，常用于省略句中，代替上文中的動(dòng)作。that用于代替上文的內(nèi)容。I d appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. thatB. itC. thisD. you【解析】答案為 Bo it指代用來(lái)泛泛地指某事，可用于如 I like/hate it, I appreciate it 等類似的句子。表示喜歡/憎恨和贊賞某事。數(shù)詞數(shù)詞分為兩種：基數(shù)詞（表示數(shù)目）和序數(shù)詞（表示順序）。定語(yǔ)一.數(shù)詞的語(yǔ)法功能功能例句主語(yǔ)Two of them are teachers

47、.There are fifty students in our class.賓語(yǔ)Give me two.表語(yǔ)Im eighteen now.同位語(yǔ)You may leave it to us two.狀語(yǔ)This room is one-sixth larger than that one.二.教詞的篁要內(nèi)容數(shù)詞不是高考的常考點(diǎn)。但是除了了解數(shù)詞常見的表達(dá)方式外，還有下列重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容需要注息。.dozen和score的復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：dozen 表示： 一打，十二個(gè)， score 表示： 二十；當(dāng)dozen與數(shù)詞，或many, several等連用時(shí)，不加s,所修飾的名詞前常省去of；

48、score則不然。two dozen pencils兩打鉛筆two score of pencils四十支鉛筆dozens of people=scores of people 許多人當(dāng)后面的名詞前有 these , those, them, us等詞時(shí)，dozen后應(yīng)加of 。a dozen of these peopletwo dozen of themthree score and ten people 中不力口 of(七十人).分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞合成，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時(shí)，分母的序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式1/3 : one(a)third2/3 : tw

49、o thirdsthree-sevenths :七分之三特殊的表達(dá)1/2 : one(a)half1/4: one(a)quarter / one(a)fourth 3/4: threequarters分子與分母之間加in或out of,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基數(shù)詞one in ten : 十分之一five in eight: 八分之五one out of ten : 十分之一five out of eight: 八分之五百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法表示百分?jǐn)?shù)直接將數(shù)詞放在單詞percent前面即可：twenty percent=20%百分之二十。注意：分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)后面不能直接接名詞或代詞，而用以

50、下形式：分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+ of +冠詞/限定詞+名詞/代詞，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與of后的名詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.About seventy percent of the earth surface is covered by water.序號(hào)的表示法單純的序號(hào)，可在基數(shù)詞前加number,簡(jiǎn)寫為No.。No.1 一號(hào)事物名詞的序號(hào)表達(dá)法有什所不同:the +序數(shù)詞+名詞；名對(duì)于一些小序號(hào)可有序數(shù)詞也可用基數(shù)詞表達(dá)，形式分別為:詞+基數(shù)詞第一次世界大戰(zhàn)可以表示為the First World War 或 World War

51、 I 。+數(shù)詞等數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)后加of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表數(shù)打鉛筆對(duì)于一些大序號(hào)我們通常只用一種表達(dá)法，即名詞501號(hào)房間表示為 Room 501538路公共汽車表示為Bus 538可用a/the + number + 基數(shù)詞+ 名詞a No.5 bus 一輛五路公共汽車the No.8 bus !降8 8路公共汽車.大約數(shù)的表示法用 ten, dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million示幾十、幾百、上千、成千上萬(wàn)等大約數(shù)概念The little boy buys dozens of pencils every term.Thousands of people died

52、in the earthquake.數(shù)千人Every year tens of thousands of people go to work in Guangdong Province.用less than 、under below、almost nearly、up to 等來(lái)表示小于或接近某數(shù)目He is good at English, so he can finish the paper in less than two hours. 不至U兩個(gè)小時(shí)用 more than, over, above, beyond, or more等來(lái)表示超過或多于某個(gè)數(shù)目Peking Universit

53、y has a history of more than 100 years. 北大有 100 多年的歷史用 or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一數(shù)目左右About 50 people were present at that time.用to, from to，between and表示介于兩數(shù)詞His salary rises from 20 dollars a week to 35 dollars a week.從每周 20 美元漲到每周35美元注意：dozen, score, hundred, thousand, mill

54、ion作數(shù)詞表示確切數(shù)量時(shí)，不用復(fù)數(shù)。如：three score, five dozen, seven million等。.年齡的表達(dá)法用基數(shù)詞表示年齡。如： The baby is one year old.表示“在某人的幾十歲”時(shí)，可用介詞in+ one s+整十位數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式：She is still in her twenties.她才二十幾歲。但表示十多歲時(shí)用：in one s teens表示“一個(gè)九歲的男孩”，可以有多種表達(dá)法a boy of nine , a boy of nine years old , a boy of nine years of age, a nine-ye

55、ar-old boy注意：與基數(shù)詞合成的定語(yǔ)，其中的名詞用單數(shù)：a three-month-old baby, a five-yearplan?？键c(diǎn)1 dozg和gcore的用法She went to the bookstore and bought . a. duzcr-i l：0ulsb. dijzcns booksc. dum hnok* d.dozens of books【解析】答案為 D dozen意為“一打，十二個(gè)”，與數(shù)詞連用時(shí)要用單數(shù)形式。與 of連用 時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。dozens of意為“若干，許許多多。dozen與數(shù)詞或many, several 連用時(shí)其后不加s; do

56、zen前有基數(shù)詞表示確切數(shù)字時(shí)，其后一般不與of連用。考點(diǎn)2基數(shù)詞的用法 It is reported that the floods have left aboutpeople homeless.B. two-thousandsC. two thousandsD.A. two thousand two thousands of常用復(fù)【解析】答案為 A。 “thousand”等指具體數(shù)字時(shí)，不用復(fù)數(shù)形式；指大約數(shù)字時(shí),數(shù)形式。如：two thousand , thousands of 。people in the world are sending information by E-mail

57、every day.A. Several millionB. Many millionsC. Several millionsD. Many million【解析】答案為Aoamillion 表示確切數(shù)量時(shí)其前往往需用表確切的“數(shù)，而不用many這類詞，但可說(shuō) many millions of （上百萬(wàn)的），也可以說(shuō)several million （幾 百萬(wàn)）”?？键c(diǎn)3分致詞的用法of the land in that district covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth; isB. Two fifth; areC. Two fifths; is

58、D. Two fifths; are【解析】答案為 Co分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。如果分子大于“1”，分母就用序數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。land為不可數(shù)名詞，其“ 2/5”也為不可數(shù)，應(yīng)用is。2009 年.（ d匕京卷）Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carrieswith extra stress.A. itB. them C. oneD. him【答案】A【解析】該句話的意思是：作為一個(gè)父母并非總是一件容易的事，但是作為一個(gè)有特殊需求的父

59、母來(lái)說(shuō)就需要有更多的額外的壓力。it特指being the parent of a childwith special needs這件事。.（ 江蘇卷 ）Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with of their parents.B. oneC. bothD. thatA. those【解析】十分之九的家長(zhǎng)都認(rèn)為自己教育子女的方式與他們父母教育自己的方式有很大區(qū)另I。此處用that代替教育方式一詞。

60、上文提到approach為單數(shù)，故A錯(cuò)；one是不定指的代詞，如果要指代前文出現(xiàn)過的事物，要在其前面加定冠詞the，故B錯(cuò)。C項(xiàng)是指的兩個(gè)人，明顯不對(duì)。.（ 遼寧卷）is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.A. Such B. ThisC. ThatD. So【答案】A【解析】such置于句首句子要倒裝，防止誤選D;此處不是suchhat; sothat句型；such代替的是 that it can make a person suddenly famous. ,選 A.（全國(guó) I）One of the most