1、PAGE PAGE 6考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練38.閱讀理解A(2017全國)A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸餾器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.Developed by two doctors in the U.S.Department of Agriculture,its an excellent water collector.Unfortunately,you must carry the nec

2、essary equipment with you,since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes.The only components required,though,are a 55 sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic,six feet of plastic tube,and a containerperhaps just a drinking cupto catch the water.These pieces can be folded into a neat little

3、 pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still,use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep.Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catchers productivity.Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole.Then lay the tube in place so that

4、one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs upand outthe side of the hole.Next,cover the hole with the plastic sheet,securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with a rock.The plastic should now form a cone(圓錐體) with 45-degree-angled sides

5、.The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over,and no more than three inches above,the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic.Ground water evaporates (蒸發(fā)) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form,run down the material,and fall off into the c

6、up.When the container is full,you can suck the refreshment out through the tube,and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink.1.What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A.Its delicate.B.Its expensive.C.Its complex.D.Its portable.2.What does the und

7、erlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The tube.B.The still.C.The hole.D.The cup.3.What is the last step of constructing a working solar still?A.Dig a hole of a certain size.B.Put the cup in place.C.Weight the sheets center down.D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.4.When a

8、solar still works,drops of water come into the cup from.A.the plastic tubeB.outside the holeC.the open airD.beneath the sheetBBrooke Martins golden retriever(金毛獵犬)Kayla hated being left alone or separated.She would howl,pace,and chew on things.Brooke learned that other people had the same problem wi

9、th their pets.She wondered:“What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone?”Working with her father in their garage,the 16-year-old came up with several ideas.Finally,she invented a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets!She calls the device iCPooch.“The dog doesnt have to

10、 answer the call,”explains Brooke.“It comes up immediately on the screen on its end.Its a two-way audio and videoyou can see and hear each other.”With a click of a button you can even send the dog a treat!Her invention has earned her a spot competing against nine other finalists in a young scientist

11、 competition for middle-school students.These finalists,selected based on their short video presentations,are working with mentors over the summer before heading to the final competition in St.Paul,Minn.After Martins video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist

12、Challenge,she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson,a product development scientist in 3Ms consumer health care division.“I just lead her down the product development path,”Langer-Anderson told LiveScience.This path includes guidance on how to test the potential product,which combines a video chat

13、device that answers immediately on the dogs end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate.“One thing I have thought about a lot is,what happens if while the device is on the floor,what if your dog knocks it over,or scratches the screen?”Martin said.She and Langer-Anderson discussed thi

14、s,and Martin is now testing materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floor to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.The finalists create models they can test,with the guidance from a mentor.Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electric

15、ity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling.Langer-Anderson tries to help the students work through the scientific method,testing their hypothesis,in a determined way.“So the kids dont get buried in data,”she said.5.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A.“iCP

16、ooch” wins in a young scientist competitionB.A 16-year-old girl invents a device for dogs hungerC.A man-made device lets people chat with their petsD.A kid-invented device calms dogs separation anxiety6.“iCPooch” calms pet dogs by .A.allowing video chatB.making dogs sleepC.answering the callD.giving

17、 them food7.What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “mentors”?A.Competitors.B.Assistants.C.Instructors.D.Companions.8.What do the inventions of the finalists have in common?A.They are all new inventions dealing with pets.B.They are possible solutions to everyday problems.C.They cope with

18、 the problems related to computers.D.They are all accomplished through individual work.七選五閱讀HowtoGetonaRealityTVShowThinkcarefullybeforeyouleap!Being on a reality TV show is about being exposed.And that exposure is to everyone,including your family,friends,neighbors,and your former school teachers.I

19、s this something you can handle?1 If youre not worried about this,then youre ready!On the other hand,if you value your privacy and reputation intensely,reality TV stardom may not be for you.Give it up before things get difficult if thats the case!2For a brand-new show,read whatever is already availa

20、ble in the media about the shows intended themes,content,time slot,and audience.3 This is probably easier if youve watched it without fail since it began.Bepractical.When you assess your suitability to go any further,some of the things that you should keep in mind include being realistic.It makes li

21、ttle sense to apply to be in a weight loss show when youre already at an ideal weight.4 If youre applying for a show wanting people with a business background or a college education and you dont have one,again,it may not be worth your while.Knowwhyyouwanttodothis.The shows producers will want a stro

22、ng,well-founded response.5 Telling them “I want to be famous”rarely distinguishes you from every other person wanting the same.Be confident in what you believe you can contribute to the show while focusing on your hoped-for outcome.A.Can you actually sing,dance,act,etc.,as required?B.Learn all that

23、you can about the show before applying.C.Do you mind if people who used to know you talk about you?D.Nor is it wise to try modeling when your height isnt what theyre looking for.E.Do you have to eat things that are simply awful and that youd never think of eating in a million years?F.Give an answer

24、that shows your strengths,your interesting points,and a desire to be a good role model.G.For an existing show,it makes good sense to be up-to-date about the entire show from its previous seasons.短文改錯(cuò)I once took part in a speech contest.Such difficult was the topic that I completely had no idea about

25、 it.Even a time for preparation was so limited.I felt hopeful and wanted to give up.And deep in my heart I didnt want to be a failure.So I recovered my courage and take the contest seriously.I kept remind myself,“If I try my best,I wont feel regretful,whichever the result is.”In the following days I

26、 struggled my goal.At the end,all my efforts paid off.I won first prize,which was much better than what I had expected it.考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練38(選修8Unit3).【解題導(dǎo)語】美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的兩位博士研制出一種蒸餾器。在水資源短缺的區(qū)域,這是一種非常不錯(cuò)的獲得飲用水的設(shè)備。1.D推理判斷題。從文章第一段的“Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.”可知,這種集水器設(shè)備攜帶起來很方便。人們可以把它折疊

27、成一個(gè)小包并系在腰帶上。2.B詞義猜測題。從文章第二段的“Toconstructaworkingstill.”和畫線詞后的productivity可推斷出畫線部分指的是thestill。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第三段的“Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheetscenterdownwitharock.”可知,用塑料布把洞穴覆蓋,并把塑料布的邊緣用泥土弄牢。最后把一塊石頭壓在塑料布的中心。因此選C項(xiàng)。4.D推理判斷題。從文章最后一段的“Groundwa

28、terevaporatesandcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerial,andfalloffintothecup.”可知,這種蒸餾器的工作原理是創(chuàng)造一個(gè)溫室。地面的水向上蒸發(fā)并在塑料布上聚集形成小水滴,然后水滴順著塑料布流下來落到杯子里?！窘忸}導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了一位16歲的中學(xué)生發(fā)明了一種遠(yuǎn)程照顧寵物狗的設(shè)備,并因此進(jìn)入探索教育3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的前十名。5.D主旨大意題。本文主要講了一位16歲的中學(xué)生發(fā)明了一種設(shè)備,這種設(shè)備能讓狗和主人視頻,讓狗在主人離開時(shí)不感到焦慮,故選D項(xiàng)。6.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二

29、段第二句中的“.adevicethatallowedpetownerstovideochatwiththeirpets!”可知,iCPooch通過讓狗主人和狗視頻聊天,從而讓狗安靜下來。故選A項(xiàng)。7.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thesefinalists.areworkingwithmentorsoverthesummer.”可知,這次青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的決賽選手已經(jīng)和指導(dǎo)者一起工作了一個(gè)夏天,畫線詞應(yīng)表示“指導(dǎo)者”,故選C項(xiàng)。最后一段的withtheguidancefromamentor也是提示。8.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的第二句“Theirprojectsincludeafuelcell.andanappthatrewardsdriversfornottextingorcalling.”可知,這些決賽選手的發(fā)明可能幫助解決日常生活中的問題,故選B項(xiàng)。.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文。文章向我們介紹了如何上電