1、 年 一、聽力真題及答案Section ALong Conversation 1Man:TodayourguestisRosieMelinda (Q1)whoworksasafeatureseditorfor Fashion magazine. Hi Rosie, youre a features editor at one of themostwidelyreadwomensmagazinesinthe.Whatkindofresponsibilitiesdoes that job entailWoman:Wespendourdayslookingatideas fromjournalist

2、s,writingcopyforthemagazineandwebsiteandediting.Wedorandomthingslikeaskingpeople in the street questions and testing sports clothing. We also doless tangible things like understanding what our readers want. Itscertainly varied and sometimes bizarre.Man: During your working day what kind of work migh

3、t you typically doWoman: Mydaymainlyincorporatesrespondingtoemails(Q2),writingandediting stories and coming up with new feature ideas.：Man:Howdoesthejoboffeatureseditordifferfromthatoffashioneditoror other editorial positionsWoman: The features team deals with articles such as careers, reports,confi

4、dence and confessions. Everything except to fashion and beauty.Man: A lot of people believe that working at a magazine is a glamorousjob (Q3). Is this an accurate representation of what you doWoman: Id say its glamorous to an extent, but not in the way itsportrayed in films. We do have our moments s

5、uch as interviewingcelebrities and attending parties which is a huge thrill. Ultimatelythough,werethesameasourreaders.Butworkinginajobwereallverylucky to have.Man:Didyouhavetoovercomeanydifficultiestoreachthispointinyourcareer How did you manage to do thisWoman: I had to be really persistent and it

6、was very hard work. Afterthree years of working in a petrol station and doing unpaid work I stillhadnt managed to get an entry level job. I was lucky that my lastdesperateattemptledtoajob (Q4).Itoldmyselfthatallexperiencesmake you a better journalist in the long run and luckily, I was right.這樣一位編輯。Q

7、uestions one to four based on the conversation you have just heard.、Q1: What is the womans professionA) Magazine reporter.B) Fashion designer.C) Website designer.D) Features editor.Q2: What is one of the womans main responsibilitiesA) Designing sports clothing.B) Consulting fashion experts.C) Answer

8、ing daily emails.D) Interviewing job-seekers.Q3: What do many people think about the womans jobA) It is challenging.B) It is fascinating.C) It is tiresome.D) It is fashionable.Q4: What helped the woman to get her current position-A) Her persistence.B) Her experience.C) Her competence.D) Her confiden

9、ce.Long Conversation 2:Woman: Are you watching any good shows these daysMan: Actually, yes. Im watching a great satire (Q5) called Frankie.I think youd like it.Woman: Really Whats it about、Man: Its about a real guy named Frankie. He is a famous comedian in NewYork and shows amixtureofcomedyand drama

10、 loosely depicting his life.Woman:Imsorry,doyoumeantosay,itsareal-lifeseriesaboutarealperson Its non-fiction, isnt itMan:NoNotreally,no.Itsfiction,aswhathappensineveryepisodeis made up. However the lead role is a comedian by the name of Frankie,andheplayshimself.SoFrankieinbothreallifeandintheTVshow

11、livesin New York City, is a comic, is divorced, and has two little daughters.Allthosethingsaretrue,butasidefromhim,allhisfriendsandfamilyare played by actors. And the plots and the events that take place arealso invented.Woman: Oh, I think I see now. That sounds like a very original concept.Man:Yes,

12、itis.Infact,(Q6)thewholeshowiswritten,directed,editedand produced by him, and (Q5)is very funny and has won many awards.Woman: Thats cool. I will try to download it. (Q7) Im watching acomedy called The Big Bang Theory. Its a huge hit around the world.Man: Oh yes. Ive heard of it, but never actually

13、watched it.Woman:Well,thenyoushouldcheckitout.Itsalsoveryfunny.Itsaboutfour male scientists and a female waitress. The men are very sociallyawkwardbutverybright.Andthisiscontrastedbytheladyssocialskillsandcommonsense. (Q8)Theshowhasbeenrunningforovertenyears, andsome of the actorsarepracticallygloba

14、l superstars. Now thatthey aresuch famous celebrities.Q5: What does the man think of the satire Frankie he recently watchedA) It is enjoyable.B) It is educational.C) It is divorced from real life.D) It is adapted from a drama.Q6: What does the man say especial about the satire FrankieA) All the role

15、s are played by famous actors and actress.B) It is based on the real-life experiences of some celebrities.C) Its plots and events reveal a lot about Frankies actual life.D) It is written, directed, edited and produced by Frankie himself.Q7: What does the woman say she is going to do with the satire

16、FrankieA) Go to the theater and enjoy it.B) Recommend it to her friends.C) Watch it with the man.D) Download and watch it.Q8: What does the woman say about the comedy The Big Bang Theory、A) It has drawn criticisms from scientists.B) It has been showing for over a decade.C) It is a ridiculous piece o

17、f satire.D) It is against common sense.Section BPassage 1Relatedtotheuse-it-or-lose-itlawisthekeep-movingprinciple.We learned about stagnation from nature. A river that stops moving getssmelly.Thesamethinghappenstopeoplewhostopmoving,eithermentallyor physically. Those who play contact sports know th

18、at 9 the playerwhousuallygetshurtthemostistheonewhoisstandingstill.Ofcourse,youll need some time to catch your breath every so often, but theessential massage is keep moving, extending and learning. Ships last alotlongerwhentheygotoseathanwhentheystayintheharbor.Thesameis true for the airplanes. You

19、 dont preserve an airplane by keeping iton the ground, you preserve it by keeping it in service. We also get tolivealonghealthylifebystayinginservice.10Longevitystatisticsreveal that the average person doesnt last very long after retirementThemore well hear is dont retire. If a fellow says “Im 94 ye

20、arsold and I worked all my life”, we need to realize, that is how he gottobe94,bystayinginvolved.GeorgeBernardShawwonaNobelPrizewhenhe was nearly 70. Benjamin Franklin produced some of his best writingsattheageof84,andPabloPicassoputbrushtocanvasrightthroughhiseighties. Isnt the issue how old we thi

21、nk we are1 A bonus with thekeep-moving principle is that while we keep moving, we dont havea chance to worry. Hence we avoid the dreaded paralyses by analysis.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.:Q9. What does the speaker say about players of contact sportsare likely to ge

22、t hurt when moving too fastbelieve in team spiritC) They need to keep moving to avoid getting hurthave to learn how to avoid body contactQ10. What do longevity statistics reveal about the average personA) They do not have many years to live after retirementtend to live longer with early retirementdo

23、 not start enjoying life until full retirementkeep themselves busy even after retirementQ11. What bonus does moving principlebring us accordingto thespeakerIt prevents us from worryingIt slows down our aging processIt enables us to accomplish in lifeIt provides us with more chances to learnPassage 2

24、￥In2014,oneinsixteenAmericansvisitedthehospitalemergencyroomforhome injuries. One of the main causes of these accidents A wanderingmind! 12Byoneestimate,peopledaydreamthroughnearlyhalfoftheirwaking hours. Psychologists have recently focused on the tendency tothink about something other than the task

25、 one is doing. For oneexperiment, 13 researchers developed an app to analyze therelationship between daydreaming and happiness. They found that theaverage persons mind wandered most frequently about 65% of the timeduringpersonalactivities,suchasbrushingtheirteethandcombingtheirhair. Respondents mind

26、s tended to wander more when they felt upsetratherthanhappy.Theyweremorelikelytowandertowardpleasanttopicsthanunpleasantones.HowdodaydreamsaffectdaydreamersAwanderingmindleaves us vulnerable when driving. In one study, researchers interview955 people involved in traffic accidents, the majority of th

27、em reportedhavingdaydreamjustbeforetheaccident.Yetotherresearchsuggeststhatdaydreaming has benefits. 14 Researches have found that it gives usachancetothinkaboutourgoalsanditalsoseemstoincreasecreativity.Inoneexperiment,145undergraduatescompletedfourunusualusestasks,eachrequiringthemtolistasmanyuses

28、aspossibleforeverydayobject.After the first pair of tasks was completed, one group of participantswas assigned an undemanding activity intended to cause their minds towander. When all the participants proceeded to the second pair oftasks, 15 the daydreamers performed 40% better than the others.Q12:

29、What does the passage say about peoples mindQ13: For what purpose did the researchers develop the new appQ14: How does daydreaming benefit people according to some researchersQ15: What was the finding of the experiment with 145 undergraduates12.It tends to dwell upon their joyous experiencesB) It wa

30、nders for almost half of their waking time|It has trouble concentrating alter a brain injuryIt tends to be affected by their negative feelings13.A) To find how happiness relates to daydreamingTo observe how ones mind affects ones behaviorTo see why daydreaming impacts what one is doingTo study the r

31、elation between health and daydreaming14.*It helps them make good decisionsIt helps them tap their potentialsC) It contributes to their creativityIt contributes to their thinking15.SubjectswithcleargoalsinmindoutperformedthosewithoutcleargoalsThe difference in performance between the two groups was

32、insignificantNon-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers?D) Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performanceSection CRecording 1 斯堪的納維亞辦到維京人木質(zhì)古教堂建筑簡介Dating from as far back as the 12th century, they are claimed to be theraresthistoricbuildingsinwesternEurope.The

33、sebuildingsoffervitalinsight into Scandinavias Viking past. But now, with only 30 woodenchurchesremaining 16andtheirconditiondeteriorating, expertsareworking to preserve the structures for future generations.Some of these spectacular churches are no more than small buildings,barely4meterswideand6met

34、erstall.Othersaremuchlargerstructures.Theysoarupto40metersintothecoldair. 17Mostconsistoftimberframes that rest on stone blocks. This means that they have nofoundations. Although many of the churches appear from the outside tobe complex structures, they normally feature only a single storey butnumer

35、ous different roof levels.Staff from the Norwegian government have carried out conservation workon10ofthechurchesoverthepasttwoyears.Mostofthesechurchesdatefrom between the 12th and 14th centuries. Other churches were conservedin previous years. So far, specialists have worked to add preservativemat

36、erials to the churches exteriors. They also replaced rotting rootsandhaltedthesinkingofthechurchesintotheground.Intwocases,hugemachines have been used to lift the buildings up to 30 centimeters intothe air. This wasaccomplishedsothatthe team couldexamine and repairthe churches original medieval ston

37、e blocks. The team plans to returntoaroundadozenofthebuildingstoassessprogressandconsiderfurtheraction.Theearliestfree-standingwoodenchurchwasprobablybuiltinNorwayinaround 1080. However, the largest known wooden churches were built fromthe 1130s onwards. This period was one of inter-elite rivalry, i

38、n whichnoblessoughttoincreasetheirinfluencebyfundingtheconstructionofchurches and other buildings. The reason for constructing the buildingsfrom wood is probably that ideally proportioned straight and 18slender timber was available in large quantities in Scandinavias vastpine . As wood was so plenti

39、ful, it was cheaper to use than thestoneusedinthebuildingsofotherEuropeancultures.Theareasshipbuilding tradition, partly established by the Vikings, also meant thatsophisticated carpentry was a major aspect of the local culture. Thecomplexstyleofthe medievalwoodenchurchcarvingsandtheskillsusedtomake

40、themalmostcertainlytoderivefromtheancientVikingtradition.Q16. What does the speaker say about the Viking wooden churchesD) They are in worsening condition.Q17. What is special about most of the Viking wooden churchesC) They are without foundations.Q18. Why were the Viking churches constructed from w

41、oodC) Timber was abundant in ScandinaviaRecording 2 人類嬰兒的能力In last weeks lecture, we discussed characteristics of the newlyborn offspring of several mammals. You probably remember that humaninfantsarelessdevelopedphysicallythanothermammalsofthesameage.But 19 in todays lecture, well look at three ver

42、y interestingstudies that hint at surprising abilities of human babies.Inthefirststudy,three-year-oldswatchtwovideosshownsidebyside.Each featuring a different researcher, one of whom theyd met once twoyears earlier. The children spend longer watching the video showing theresearcher they hadnt met. T

43、his is consistent with young childrensusualtendencytolooklongeratthingsthatarentfamiliar.Andreallythisisamazing.Itsuggeststhechildrenremembertheresearchertheyvemet just one time when they were only one-year-olds. Of course, as mostofusforgetmemoriesfromourfirstfewyearsaswegrowolder,thisearlylong-tur

44、n memories will likely be lost in subsequent years.Our second study is about music, for this study researchers play musicto babies through speakers located on either side of a human face. Theywaited until the babiesgotbored andinverted their gazefrom the face.And then they change the mood in the mus

45、ic either from sad to happy orthe other way around. This mood switch made no difference to thethree-month-olds; but for the nine-month-olds, it was enough to renewtheirinterestandtheystartedlookingagaininthedirectionoftheface.20Thissuggeststhatbabiesofthatagecantellthedifferencebetweena happy melody

46、 and a sad tune.Ourfinalstudyisfrom1980,butitsstillrelevanttoday.Infact, 21itsoneofthemostfamouspiecesofresearchaboutinfantemotioneverpublished. The study involved ordinary adults watching video clips ofbabiesninemonthsoryounger.Inthevideoclips,thebabiesmadevariousfacial expressions in response to r

47、eal life events including playfulinteractionsandpainfulones.Theadultobserverswereabletoreliablydiscern an assortment of emotions on the babies faces. These emotionsincludedinterest,joy,surprise,sadness,anger,disgust,contempt,andfear.Next week, well be looking at this last study more closely. In fact

48、,wewillbeviewingsomeofthevideoclipsfromthatstudy.Andtogether,see how well we do in discerning the babies emotions.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.Q19: What are the three interesting studies aboutD) Abilities of human babies.Q20: What does the second study find about

49、 nine-month-old babies&A) They can distinguish a happy tune form a sad one.Q21: What is the 1980 study aboutB) Baby emotions.Recording 3 工作中過于團隊合作的壞處TodayIdliketotalkaboutthedangersofbeingtoocollaborative.Beingagoodteamplayerisacentralskillinourmodernworkplace.Theabilityto work well with others and

50、collaborate on projects is a sought-afterability in nearly every position. However, placing too much emphasis onbeingagoodteamplayer 22cannegativelyaffectyourcareergrowth.Dont be overly focused on gaining consensus. Dont be too concernedwith the opinions of others. This can hinder your ability to ma

51、kedecisions, speak up and gain recognition for your individual skills andstrengths. Some people are too subordinate to others opinions, toofocusedondecisionconsensus,toosilent abouttheirownpointofview,tooagreeabletotakethingsonwhentheydonthavetimeorenergy.Thisleads to building a brand of underconfid

52、ent, submissive, low-impactnon-leaders and hampers their growth and career advancement.23 Collaboration certainly makes your individual competencies andcontributions more difficult for outsiders to projects mean youresharing the spotlight with others. Outsiders may then find it difficultto determine

53、 your contributions and strengths. This may end up costingyouopportunitiesforpromotionsorpayraises.Youcertainlyshouldntditch teamwork, but how can you avoid the hazards of being anover-collaboratorWorking in a team can have huge benefits. Your team may have repeatedsuccesses and often gain recogniti

54、on. 24 You then have moreopportunities to expand your professional network than if you workedalone. However, finding a balance between team efforts and individualprojects that give you independent recognition is important for makinga name for yourself and providing opportunities for advancement.Be s

55、elective in who you work with. This will maximize the benefits andminimize the downsides of being a team player. Collaborate with peoplewho have complementary expertise. Select projects where therespotential for mutual benefit. Perhaps youre bringing your uniqueknowledgeandgainingaccesstosomeoneelse

56、sprofessionalnetwork,ormaybeyoureabletolearnanewskillbyworkingwithsomeone.Seekoutyourteammatespurposefullyratherthanjumpingoneverynewgroupprojectopportunity. 25 When were too collaborative, we want everyone toagree with a decision before we proceed. This can create unnecessarydelays as you hold meet

57、ings trying to achieve consensus. Its tobecollaborativewhenseekinginput.Butputadeadlineontheinputstageand arrive at a decision, even if its a decision that doesnt haveconsensus.&Questions 22-25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Q22. What does the speaker say about being over collaborati

58、veB) It may hinder individual career advancement.Q23. What does the speaker say about people engaged in collaborativeprojectsC) They may find it hard to get their contributions recognized.Q24. How do people benefit from working in a teamA) They can enlarge their professional circle.Q25.Whyisitundesi

59、rabletospendtoomuchtimetryingtoreachconsensus（B) It may prevent making a timely decision閱讀（卷一）Part III Reading ComprehensionSection A26. K .died prematurely from.27. C .will determine the everyday.28. N become synonymous with air.29. M .simply switching to electric.30. D run them is generated,31. I

60、. tiny airborne particles as.32. H . are opting for.33. J .reached its peak and.34. O .with this trend,35. L . can simply double.【Section B36. C The . governments recommended daily allowance(RDA)37. E If you are considering a supplement, read the list of38. A The marketing is tempting: Get stronger