情態(tài)動詞can(1)表示能力Theyhaveeverythingthatmoneycanbuy.(2)表示許可Youcan’tplayfootballhere.(3)有時會Itcanbecoldhereatnight.Gerardcanbeannoying(煩人的),Iknow.CanIborrowtwobooksatatime?對過去推測:

can’thavedone“過去不可能做了…”Hecan’thaveseenmeyesterday,becauseIwasn’tthere.(4)表示推測/可能性(否定和疑問句)

對現(xiàn)在推測:

can’tbe…

“不可能是…”

can’tbedoing“不可能正在做…”Isawhimleavetheofficeanhourago.Hecan’tbeworkingatthistime.Canthenewsbetrue?Wherecanhehavehiddenthedocuments?could(1)表示能力(can的過去式)Icouldn’tgettickets;theyweresoldout.(2)(用于委婉語氣)表示征求許可或禮貌地請求CouldIaskyouacoupleofquestions?Couldyousendtheletterformetomorrow?(3)

couldhavedone“本可以/本能夠做…(實際上沒做)”---Ididn’tgotoworkyesterdaybecausemycarbrokedown.---Youcouldhaveborrowedmine.Iwasn’tusingit.(4)表示推測/可能性(可能性較小)

對過去推測:

could/couldn’thavedone

“過去可能/不可能做了…”Itcouldbeweeksbeforetheconstructionisactuallyfinished.對現(xiàn)在推測:

could(not)beIcan’tfindmykeys.Icouldhaveleftthemattheschoolyesterday.Couldthisbetrue?WherecouldMr.Brownhavegonginthenight?may(1)(疑問句)表示征求許可

MayI……----MayIhaveawordwithyou?(2)(陳述句)表示允許Youmaydoexactlyasyoulike.Peoplemaynotpickflowersinthepark.(3)表示祝愿Mayyousucceed!----Yes,you_____.----No,you________not.maymust/canMayGodblessyou!(4)表示推測/可能性(陳述句，可能性較大)

對現(xiàn)在推測:

may(not)be…

“可能(不)是…”

may(not)bedoing“可能(沒)正在做…”Hemaynotbethere.Shemaybewaitingforyouinthehall.Youmayberight.對過去推測:

may(not)havedone

“過去可能(沒)做過…”Hemayhavereadsomeaccount(報道)ofthematter.Theymaynothaveseenhim.mightWhomightthemanbe?(2)表示推測/可能性(可能性較小)

對過去推測:

might(not)havedone

“過去可能(沒)做過…”對現(xiàn)在推測:

might(not)be…

“可能(不)是…”

might(not)bedoing“可能(沒)在做…”Hemightbeexpectingananswerfromyou.Hemightnotbeathome.HemighthaveheardofitfromMary.(1)(疑問句，語氣委婉)表示征求許可

MightI……MightIaskaquestion?must(1)必須；一定要Wemustobeyorders.Youmustn’ttouchthemachine,child.----MustIsetofftomorrow?----Yes,you_____.----No,___________________________.mustyouneednot/youdon’thaveto(2)(表示與說話人意愿相反或不耐煩)偏要AsIwassittingdowntosupper,thetelephonemustring.Mustyoumakesomuchnoise？(3)表示推測/可能性(肯定句，有把握的推測)

對現(xiàn)在推測:

mustbe…

“一定/肯定是…”

mustbedoing“一定/肯定在做…”對過去推測:

musthavedone“過去一定/肯定做了…”Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadiswetthismorning.Shemusthavebeenveryyoungwhenshegotmarried.Shemustbenearly60yearsoldnow.It’stwoo’clock.Hemustbepractisingforhisdrivingtest.情態(tài)動詞表示推測----總結對比肯定句否定句疑問句對過去情況的推測有把握有把握可能性大可能性大可能性小可能性小musthavedonecan’thavedonemayhavedonemaynothavedonecould/mighthavedonecould/mightnothavedonecan/couldhavedone情態(tài)動詞表示推測----總結對比肯定句否定句疑問句對現(xiàn)在情況的推測有把握有把握可能性大可能性大可能性小可能性小mustbe/bedoingcan’tbe/bedoingmaybe/bedoingmaynotbe/bedoingcould/mightbe/bedoingcould/mightnotbe/bedoingcan/couldbeshould(4)

shouldhavedone“本應該做…(實際未做)”shouldnothavedone“本不應該做…(實際上做了)”(1)應該=oughtto(2)竟然(3)表示猜測(根據常識和情理進行的猜測)Youshouldwritetohim.I’msurprisedthatheshouldsayso.Thebusshouldhavearrivedtenminutesago.Itshouldbeagoodmovie----itsreviewswereverygood.It’sstrangethatheshouldreactinthisway.Thefoodsshouldbeenoughforsixguests.MissJaneshouldn’thavefailedtorecognizehim.need(1)必要；需要(2)needn’thavedone

“本沒必要做…(實際上做了…)”Needwebuyanynewequipment?Youneedn’thavegonethereyesterday.Youneedn’tcleanthewindows.Sheneedn’thavetoldthemaboutit.shall(1)(第一人稱，將來時)將要(2)(第一、三人稱，疑問句，表示征求對方意見/要求對方做決定)“讓不讓/要不要……”I’mafraidIshan’tbeabletocome.Ishallhavetogototheclinicformybadcough.Shallhecometoseeyou?ShallIfetchthehammer?Shallthegoodsbesenttothestoreatonce?(3)(第二、三人稱，陳述句,表示決心、命令、允諾、意圖、警告等語氣)“必須；應該；可以”(4)(第三人稱，陳述句，用于條約、規(guī)章、法令中)

“必須；應該”Youshallnotleaveyourpost.Thestudentswhocangetthefullmarksintheexamshallreceiveaprize.Youshallbepunishedifyoudon’tobeyorders.Allpaymentsshallbemadebytheendofthemonth.所有款項必須在月底前付清ThenewregulationshalltakeeffectonJune1st.will(1)將，會

(3)愿意Youcanstayinthewaitingroomifyouwillwaitforthemanager.Hewillcomebacksoon.Willyoujoinourdiscussion?(2)(疑問句)表示請求Willyoustayforlunch?Willyoutypethisplease?(5)(表示功能)能；行Thedoorwon’topen.Eachbenchwillseatfourpersons.(4)慣于，總是(表示某事總是發(fā)生或一般如此，表示習慣性/經常性/傾向性)Oilwillfloatonwater.油總是浮在水上Accidentswillhappen.事故總是會發(fā)生的