?我有一個夢想(IHaveaDream)1963年8月23日，馬丁·路德·金組織了美國歷史上影響深遠(yuǎn)的“自由進(jìn)軍”運(yùn)動。他率領(lǐng)一支龐大的游行隊(duì)伍向首都華盛頓進(jìn)軍，為全美國的黑人爭取人權(quán)。他在林肯紀(jì)念堂前向25萬人發(fā)表了著名的演說《我有一個夢想》，為反對種族歧視、爭取平等發(fā)出呼號。馬丁·路德·金1964年獲諾貝爾和平獎。1968年4月4日他在田納西州被暗殺。在演說中，他說出了著名的平等口號我夢想有一天，這個國家將會奮起，實(shí)現(xiàn)其立國信條的真諦“我們認(rèn)為這些真理不證自明人人生而平等?！眎haveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreed"weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal."我夢想有一天，在佐治亞州的紅色山崗上，昔日奴隸的兒子能夠同昔日奴隸主的兒子同席而坐，親如手足。ihaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofgeorgia,thesonsofformerslavesandthesonsofformerslaveownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetableofbrotherhood.我夢想有一天，我的四個孩子將生活在一個不是以膚色的深淺，而是以品格的優(yōu)劣作為評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的國家里。ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.演講全文ihaveadreambymartinlutherking,jr.iamhappytojoinwithyoutodayinwhatwillgodowninhistoryasthegreatestdemonstrationforfreedominthehistoryofournation.fivescoreyearsago,agreatamerican,inwhosesymbolicshadowwestandtoday,signedtheemancipationproclamation.thismomentousdecreecameasagreatbeaconlightofhopetomillionsofnegroslaveswhohadbeensearedintheflamesofwitheringinjustice.itcameasajoyousdaybreaktoendthelongnightoftheircaptivity.butonehundredyearslater,thenegrostillisnotfree.onehundredyearslater,thelifeofthenegroisstillsadlycrippledbythemanaclesofsegregationandthechainsofdiscrimination.onehundredyearslater,thenegrolivesonalonelyislandofpovertyinthemidstofavastoceanofmaterialprosperity.onehundredyearslater,thenegroisstilllanguishedinthecornersofamericansocietyandfindshimselfanexileinhisownland.andsowe'vecomeheretodaytodramatizeashamefulcondition.inasensewe'vecometoournation'scapitaltocashacheck.whenthearchitectsofourrepublicwrotethemagnificentwordsoftheconstitutionandthedeclarationofindependence,theyweresigningapromissorynotetowhicheveryamericanwastofallheir.thisnotewasapromisethatallmen,yes,blackmenaswellaswhitemen,wouldbeguaranteedthe"unalienablerights"of"life,libertyandthepursuitofhappiness."itisobvioustodaythatamericahasdefaultedonthispromissorynote,insofarashercitizensofcolorareconcerned.insteadofhonoringthissacredobligation,americahasgiventhenegropeopleabadcheck,acheckwhichhascomebackmarked"insufficientfunds."butwerefusetobelievethatthebankofjusticeisbankrupt.werefusetobelievethatthereareinsufficientfundsinthegreatvaultsofopportunityofthisnation.andso,we'vecometocashthischeck,acheckthatwillgiveusupondemandtherichesoffreedomandthesecurityofjustice.wehavealsocometothishallowedspottoremindamericaofthefierceurgencyofnow.thisisnotimetoengageintheluxuryofcoolingoffortotakethetranquilizingdrugofgradualism.nowisthetimetomakerealthepromisesofdemocracy.nowisthetimetorisefromthedarkanddesolatevalleyofsegregationtothesunlitpathofracialjustice.nowisthetimetoliftournationfromthequicksandsofracialinjusticetothesolidrockofbrotherhood.nowisthetimetomakejusticearealityforallofgod'schildren.itwouldbefatalforthenationtooverlooktheurgencyofthemoment.thisswelteringsummerofthenegro'slegitimatediscontentwillnotpassuntilthereisaninvigoratingautumnoffreedomandequality.nineteensixty-threeisnotanend,butabeginning.andthosewhohopethatthenegroneededtoblowoffsteamandwillnowbecontentwillhavearudeawakeningifthenationreturnstobusinessasusual.andtherewillbeneitherrestnortranquilityinamericauntilthenegroisgrantedhiscitizenshiprights.thewhirlwindsofrevoltwillcontinuetoshakethefoundationsofournationuntilthebrightdayofjusticeemerges.butthereissomethingthatimustsaytomypeople,whostandonthewarmthresholdwhichleadsintothepalaceofjusticeintheprocessofgainingourrightfulplace,wemustnotbeguiltyofwrongfuldeeds.letusnotseektosatisfyourthirstforfreedombydrinkingfromthecupofbitternessandhatred.wemustforeverconductourstruggleonthehighplaneofdignityanddiscipline.wemustnotallowourcreativeprotesttodegenerateintophysicalviolence.againandagain,wemustrisetothemajesticheightsofmeetingphysicalforcewithsoulforce.themarvelousnewmilitancywhichhasengulfedthenegrocommunitymustnotleadustoadistrustofallwhitepeople,formanyofourwhitebrothers,asevidencedbytheirpresenceheretoday,havecometorealizethattheirdestinyistiedupwithourdestiny.andtheyhavecometorealizethattheirfreedomisinextricablyboundtoourfreedom.wecannotwalkalone.andaswewalk,wemustmakethepledgethatweshallalwaysmarchahead.wecannotturnback.therearethosewhoareaskingthedevoteesofcivilrights,"whenwillyoubesatisfied?"wecanneverbesatisfiedaslongasthenegroisthevictimoftheunspeakablehorrorsofpolicebrutality.wecanneverbesatisfiedaslongasourbodies,heavywiththefatigueoftravel,cannotgainlodginginthemotelsofthehighwaysandthehotelsofthecities.wecannotbesatisfiedaslongasanegroinmississippicannotvoteandanegroinnewyorkbelieveshehasnothingforwhichtovote.no,no,wearenotsatisfied,andwewillnotbesatisfieduntil"justicerollsdownlikewaters,andrighteousnesslikeamightystream."iamnotunmindfulthatsomeofyouhavecomehereoutofgreattrialsandtribulations.someofyouhavecomefreshfromnarrowjailcells.andsomeofyouhavecomefromareaswhereyourquest--questforfreedomleftyoubatteredbythestormsofpersecutionandstaggeredbythewindsofpolicebrutality.youhavebeentheveteransofcreativesuffering.continuetoworkwiththefaiththatunearnedsufferingisredemptive.gobacktomississippi,gobacktoalabama,gobacktosouthcarolina,gobacktogeorgia,gobacktolouisiana,gobacktotheslumsandghettosofournortherncities,knowingthatsomehowthissituationcanandwillbechanged.letusnotwallowinthevalleyofdespair,isaytoyoutoday,myfriends.andsoeventhoughwefacethedifficultiesoftodayandtomorrow,istillhaveadream.itisadreamdeeplyrootedintheamericandream.ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreed"weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal."ihaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofgeorgia,thesonsofformerslavesandthesonsofformerslaveownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetableofbrotherhood.ihaveadreamthatonedayeventhestateofmississippi,astateswelteringwiththeheatofinjustice,swelteringwiththeheatofoppression,willbetransformedintoanoasisoffreedomandjustice.ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.ihaveadreamtoday!ihaveadreamthatoneday,downinalabama,withitsviciousracists,withitsgovernorhavinghislipsdrippingwiththewordsof"interposition"and"nullification"--onedayrightthereinalabamalittleblackboysandblackgirlswillbeabletojoinhandswithlittlewhiteboysandwhitegirlsassistersandbrothers.ihaveadreamtoday!ihaveadreamthatonedayeveryvalleyshallbeexalted,andeveryhillandmountainshallbemadelow,theroughplaceswillbemadeplain,andthecrookedplaceswillbemadestraight;"andthegloryofthelordshallberevealedandallfleshshallseeittogether."?thisisourhope,andthisisthefaiththatigobacktothesouthwith.withthisfaith,wewillbeabletohewoutofthemountainofdespairastoneofhope.withthisfaith,wewillbeabletotransformthejanglingdiscordsofournationintoabeautifulsymphonyofbrotherhood.withthisfaith,wewillbeabletoworktogether,topraytogether,tostruggletogether,togotojailtogether,tostandupforfreedomtogether,knowingthatwewillbefreeoneday.andthiswillbetheday--thiswillbethedaywhenallofgod'schildrenwillbeabletosingwithnewmeaningmycountry'tisofthee,sweetlandofliberty,oftheeising.landwheremyfathersdied,landofthepilgrim'spride,fromeverymountainside,letfreedomring!andifamericaistobeagreatnation,thismustbecometrue.ands