書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津理工大學(xué)中環(huán)信息學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Youarenow（）thebenefitofyourformerthrift.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reaping

B.drawing

C.enjoying

D.gaining

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)reaping“收獲，獲得；收割”；B選項(xiàng)drawing“畫；拉；吸引”；C選項(xiàng)enjoying“欣賞，享受；喜愛(ài)；使過(guò)得快活”；D選項(xiàng)gaining“增加；利潤(rùn)；收獲；獲得；賺到”。根據(jù)固定搭配gainthebenefit“得到益處/好處”可知該題選gaining。句意：你現(xiàn)在正受益于你以前的節(jié)儉。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

12.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisn’tfeelingwell.

B.Sheisunderpressure.

C.Shedoesn’tliketheweather.

D.Sheisfeelingrelieved.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Areyouhavinganyproblemslikeweakness,fatigue,orheadaches?

W:Well,Icertainlyfeltundertheweather.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】常用習(xí)語(yǔ)。女士說(shuō)Icertainlyfeltundertheweather，即她覺(jué)得身體不適。

3.單選題

Wehadbeenwantingtoexpandourchildren’shorizonsbytakingthemtoaplacethatwasunlikeanythingwe’dbeenexposedtoduringourtravelsinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.InthinkingaboutwhatwaspossiblefromGeneva,wherewearebased,wedecidedonatriptoIstanbul,atwo-hourplaneridefromZurich.

Weenvisionedthetripasapreludetomoreexoticones,perhapstoNewDelhiorBangkoklaterthisyear,butthoughtour11-and13-year-oldsneededafirststepawayfrommanicuredboulevardsandpristinemonuments.

Whatwedidn’tforeseewasthereactionoffriends,whowarnedthatwewereputtingourchildren“indanger,”referringvaguely,andmostincorrectly,todisease,terrorismorjusttheunknown.TohelpusgetacquaintedwiththepeculiaritiesofIstanbulandtogiveourchildrenachancetochoosewhattheywereparticularlyinterestedinseeing,weboughtanexcellentguidebookandreaditthoroughlybeforeleaving.

Friendlywarningsdidn’tchangeourplanning,althoughwemighthavemoreprudentlycheckedwiththeU.S.StateDepartment’slistoftroublespots.Wedidn’tseealotofchildrenamongtheforeignvisitorsduringoursix-daystayinIstanbul,butwefoundthetouristareasquitesafe,veryinterestingandvariedenougheventosuitourson,whoseoft-repeatedrequestisthatwenotsee“everysingle”churchandmuseuminagivencity.

Vaccinationsweren’tneededforthecity,butwewereconcernedaboutadaptingtothewaterforashortstay.Soweusedbottledwaterfordrinkingandbrushingourteeth,aprecautionthatmayseemexcessive,butweallstayedhealthy.

Takingtheadviceofafriend,webookedahotela20-minutewalkfrommostofIstanbul’smajortouristsites.Thisnotonlygotussomemorningexercise,strollingovertheKarakoyBridge,buttookuspastacolorfulassortmentoffishermen,vendorsandshoeshiners.

Fromateenagerandpre-teen’sview,Istanbulstreetlifeisfascinatingsincealmosteverythingcanbeboughtoutdoors.TheywereatagoodagetospendtimewanderingthelabyrinthoftheSpiceBazaar,whereshopsdisplaymoundsofpungentherbsinsacks.Doingthiswithyoungerchildrenwouldbehardersimplybecausethestreetsaresopackedwithpeople;itwouldbeeasytogetlost.Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwithtwoofsomethingforthepriceofone.TheyalsolearnedtofigureouttherelativevalueoftheTurkishlira,notasmallmatterwithitsmanyzeros.

BeingexposedtoIslamwasanimportantpartofourtrip.Visitingthemosques,especiallytheenormousBlueMosque,wasourfirstglimpseintohowthismajorreligionispracticed.Ourchildren’scuriosityalreadyhadbeenpiquedbythefivedailycallstoprayeroverloudspeakersineverycomerofthecity,andthescarvescoveringtheheadsofmanywomen.

Navigatingmealscanbetroublesomewithchildren,butakebab,boughtonthestreetorinrestaurants,wasunfailinglypopular.Sincewehaddecidedthistripwasnotforgourmets,kebabssparedustheagonyoftryingtofindarestauranteachdaythatwouldsuittheadults*desiretotrysomethingnewamidchildren’sinsistencethatthefoodbeservedimmediately.Gradually,webranchedouttotrysomeotherTurkishspecialties.

AlthoughoursonhadstudiedIslambriefly,itisimpossibletobepreparedforeveryawkwardquestionthatmightcomeup,suchasduringourvisitstotheTopkapiSarayi,theOttomanSultans'palace.Noguideswereavailablesoitwasdo-it-yourself,usingourguidebook,whichcheatedusofalotofinterestinghistoryandanecdotesthataprofessionalguidecouldprovide.Nexttime,weresolvedtomakesucharrangementsinadvance.

Onthistrip,wewanderedthroughthemagnificentcomplex,withitsimperialtreasures,itscourtyardsanditsharem.Thelastrequiredabitofexplanationthatwewouldhavehappilylefttoalearnedthirdparty.

1.ThecouplechoseIstanbulastheirholidaydestinationmainlybecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

3.Welearnfromthecouple’sshoppingexperiencebackhomethat

（

）.

4.ThelasttwoparagraphssuggestthattovisitplacesofinterestinIstanbul

（

）.

5.ThefamilyhaveseenorvisitedallthefollowinginIstanbulEXCEPT（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thecityisnottoofarawayfromwheretheylived.

B.thecityisnotonthelistoftheU.S.StateDepartment.

C.thecityisbetweenthefamiliarandtheexotic.

D.thecityismorefamiliarthanexotic.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thefamilyfoundthecitywasexactlywhattheyhadexpected.

B.Theirfriendswereopposedtotheirholidayplan.

C.Theycouldhavebeenmorecautiousaboutbringingkidsalong.

D.Theywereabitcautiousaboutthequalityofwaterinthecity.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theywereusedtobargainingoverprice.

B.theypreferredtobuythingsoutdoors.

C.streetmarketsweretheirfavorites.

D.theypreferredfashionandbrandnames.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.guidebooksareveryuseful.

B.aprofessionalguideisamust.

C.onehastobepreparedforquestions.

D.onehastomakearrangementsinadvance.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.religiousprayers.

B.historicalbuildings.

C.local-stylemarkets.

D.shoppingmallboutiques.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題是問(wèn)這對(duì)夫妻選擇伊斯坦布爾作為它們的度假目的地的主要原因。從第一段內(nèi)容與第二段開頭“Weenvisionedthetripasapreludetomoreexoticones,perhapstoNewDelhiorBangkoklaterthisyear.我們把這次旅行想象成更多異國(guó)情調(diào)之旅的前奏，也許今年晚些時(shí)候會(huì)去新德里或曼谷”一句可以知道這家人打算選擇一個(gè)較為陌生但又與家較近的地方作為旅游目的地。C選項(xiàng)‘這個(gè)城市介于熟悉和陌生之間’正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題是問(wèn)選項(xiàng)中哪一項(xiàng)敘述是錯(cuò)誤的。由文章第四段中的“...butwefoundthetouristareasquitesafe,veryinterestingandvariedenougheventosuitourson.但是我們發(fā)現(xiàn)旅游區(qū)非常安全，非常有趣，而且種類繁多，甚至適合我們的兒子?！币痪淇芍?dāng)他們到達(dá)伊斯坦布爾旅行之后才發(fā)現(xiàn)這里和旅行之前所了解到的信息是不一樣的，所以A選項(xiàng)“這家人發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)城市和他們?cè)O(shè)想中的是一樣的”錯(cuò)誤，符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題是問(wèn)我們可以從這對(duì)夫妻的購(gòu)物經(jīng)歷中了解到什么。由文章第七段中的“Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwithtwoofsomethingforthepriceofone.對(duì)于我們兩個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們的購(gòu)物經(jīng)驗(yàn)包括百貨公司和購(gòu)物中心的精品店，當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)你可以討價(jià)還價(jià)的時(shí)候，你可能會(huì)以一件東西的價(jià)格買到兩件東西，這讓我很驚訝?！币痪淇芍狣選項(xiàng)‘在自己國(guó)內(nèi)的購(gòu)物習(xí)慣更傾向于選擇流行時(shí)尚和知名品牌’正確。

4.推理判斷題。本題是問(wèn)最后兩段內(nèi)容表明在伊斯坦布爾游覽名勝的情況…。由文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Noguideswereavailablesoitwasdo-it-yourself,usingourguidebook,whichcheatedusofalotofinterestinghistoryandanecdotesthataprofessionalguidecouldprovide.沒(méi)有導(dǎo)游，所以只能自己動(dòng)手，用我們的導(dǎo)游手冊(cè)，這讓我們錯(cuò)過(guò)了很多專業(yè)導(dǎo)游能提供的有趣的歷史和軼事?！盉選項(xiàng)‘專業(yè)的指南是必不可少的’正確。

5.推理判斷題。本題是問(wèn)在伊斯坦布爾，除…外，這家人在伊斯坦布爾見(jiàn)過(guò)或參觀過(guò)以下所有地方。綜合上下文，A選項(xiàng)在倒數(shù)第四段提及，B,C選項(xiàng)在第六，七段提及，而從文章第七段中的“Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwithtwoofsomethingforthepriceofone.對(duì)于我們兩個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們的購(gòu)物經(jīng)驗(yàn)包括百貨公司和購(gòu)物中心的精品店，當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)你可以討價(jià)還價(jià)的時(shí)候，你可能會(huì)以一件東西的價(jià)格買到兩件東西，這讓我很驚訝?！贝_定shoppingmallboutiques是這家人在國(guó)內(nèi)的購(gòu)物點(diǎn)，而不是在伊斯坦布爾，所以符合題意，D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Shedidn’topenlyattacktheplan,butheroppositionwas（

）inherfailuretosayanythinginsupportofit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.explicit

B.implicit

C.internal

D.immoral

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)explicit“明確的，清楚的”；B選項(xiàng)implicit“含蓄的，暗示的”；C選項(xiàng)internal“內(nèi)部的”；D選項(xiàng)immoral“不道德的”。

句意：她沒(méi)有公開抨擊這個(gè)計(jì)劃，但她沒(méi)有說(shuō)任何支持這個(gè)計(jì)劃的話，這就暗示了她的反對(duì)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.單選題

Therewasabigholeintheroadwhich（）thetraffic.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.setback

B.stoodback

C.heldup

D.keptdown

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。setback“推遲，使受…挫折”；standback“退后，往后站”；holdup“舉起，阻攔”；keepdown“控制，鎮(zhèn)壓”。句意：路上的一個(gè)大洞阻礙了交通。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

TheGovernment'spolicieswillcomeunderclose（

）intheweeksbeforetheelection.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appreciation

B.scrutiny

C.specification

D.apprehension

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。appreciation“欣賞，感謝”；scrutiny“審查，細(xì)看”；specification“規(guī)格，說(shuō)明書”；apprehension“理解”。句意：選舉前的幾周，政府的政策將會(huì)接受詳細(xì)審查。由Government’spolicies及close“嚴(yán)密的”可知B項(xiàng)“審查”能與之搭配。答案B

7.單選題

Withtheconstantchangeoftheconditions,theoutcomeisnotalways（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.favorable

B.predictable

C.dependable

D.reasonable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)favorable“有利的，良好的”；B選項(xiàng)predictable“可預(yù)測(cè)的”；C選項(xiàng)dependable“可靠的，可信賴的”；D選項(xiàng)reasonable“合理的”。句意：隨著環(huán)境的不斷變化，結(jié)果并不總是可以預(yù)測(cè)的。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

8.單選題

Tenyearsoflivingwithamyotrophiclateralsclerosis,orA.L.S,progressive,paralyzingdisease,havestillednearlyeverymuscle;Dr.JulesLodishtypeswithtwitchesofhischeek,detectedbyasensorclippedtothisglasses.Butwhenpeopleaskhimhowhefeelsabouthislife,Dr.Lodish,hiseyesexpressingtheintensitydeniedtohisbody,responds:“Istilllookforwardtoday.”

A.L.S.orLouGehrig’sdisease,isoftendescribedasakindoflivingdeathin,whichthebodygoesflaccidwhilemindremainsintactandacutelyaware.Theprospectofbeingtrappedinaninertbodyandbeingtotallydependentonothersdrivesmanysuffererstosuicide.

WhenAttorneyGeneralJohnAshcroftattackedanOregonlawallowingdoctor-assistedsuicidein2001—acasethatisstillworkingitswaysthroughthelegalsystem—patientswiththediseasewereamongthosewhosupportedthelawincourt.

Butwhilethelegalcaseandmuchofthenationalattentionhavefocusedontheissueoftherighttodie,lessisknownaboutthosepatientswhowanttolive,andlikeDr.Lodish,willgotoextraordinarylengthstodoso.

Withadequatemedicalcare,patientsoftencanliveforyearsrelativelyfreeofphysicalpainfromthediseaseitself.“It’smoreasortofexistential,psychicsortofpain,”saidDr.LeoMcCluskey,aneurologistinPhiladelphiawhotreatsmanypeoplewiththedisease.

Asaresult,patientsandtheirfamiliesareforced,onadailybasis,totakestockofthemeaningandqualityoftheirlivesandtomakerepeateddecisionsabouthowmuchistoomuch.

“WithA.L.S.,youhaveachoiceaboutwhentostoptreatment,lettingnaturetakeitscourse.”saidDr.LindaGanzini,aprofessorofpsychiatryatOregonHealthandScienceUniversityinPortland,whohasstudiedpatientsmakingend-of-lifedecisions.

Whatkeepsmanypatientsalive,expertssay,isasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness—perhapsamilestone“l(fā)ikegettingthelastkidofftocollege”saidDr.MellarP.Davis,aprofessorhematologyandmedicaloncologyattheClevelandClinic.

Thosepatientswhodobestarethosewhohaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare,allowingthemtoavoidsomeofthemajorhealthrisksassociatedwiththedisease,andfamilymemberswhocancoverthehourswhenexperthelpisunavailable.

Manypatients,Dr.Ganzinisaid,havedeepreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem,andtheyareable,“tofindhopeinthefuture,findmeaningandtoleratethedailyongoinglossesthattheyareexperiencing.”

Dr.Lodish’sbodysitslimpinawheelchairandhistonguelolls;amachinebreathesforhimthroughatracheostomytubeinhisthroat.Helosttheabilitytotalkmorethanthreeyearsago,hesays,thenjokes,“Butnottheabilitytobeannoying.”

TherearenohalfmeasuresforDr.Lodish,ahematologistwhodevisedhisownintricatelydetailedtreatmentregimen.Hewrotea30guideforhisnursesthatsetsstandardsforasterileenvironmentthatgobeyondhospitalpractices,rulesthathavehelpedhimavoidtheinfectionsthatkillmanypatients.Whenhecouldnolongereat,hedidtheresearchtocomeupwitharecipeforthenutrientblendthatflowsdownhisfeedingtube—evendeterminingthattheingredientswerekosher—andhetypedthetwoguidetoitspreparation,twitchbytwitch,withaspecialprogramonthelaptopthathelpshimtochoosewholewordsorphrasesfromscrollinglists.

Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.Hecontinuestoprovidemedicalconsultation,andnowadvisespatientswithA.L.S.andtheirfamiliesonhowtoorganizetheirowncareandusethecommunicationdeviceshehasmastered.

“OneironyiswithmanypeopleIcommunicatemorenowthanwhenIwaswell,”Dr.Lodishsaid.

Byholdingon,hesaid,hehasbeenabletoseemanyoflife’smilestones,includingthemarriagesoftwoofhisthreechildren.

Whenhisolderdaughter,ElizabethLester,becamepregnantwiththefirstgrandchild,sheaskedherfathertomaketheofficialfamilyannouncement.

“Hestillplaysthesameroleforme”shesaid,“Istillconsulthimonfinancialmattersandotherkindsofthings.”

Dr.Lodishsaidthathisowndeterminationtolivecomes,inpart,fromhislongexperienceintreatingcancerpatients,whooftenfeelthatadiagnosisisadeathsentence.

1.A.L.S.isadiseasethat（）.

2.JulesLodish（）.

3.AllthefollowingarepossiblereasonswhythepatientswithA.L.S.canliveabetterlifeEXCEPT

（）.

4.Dr.LodishmanagestolivewithA.L.S.mainlybecausehe（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingtasksisNOTundertakenbyDr.JulesLodish?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.causespeopletoparalyzeinstantly

B.makeseverymusclestopmovinggradually

C.ishighlycontagiousintheUnitedStates

D.isgeneticallydeterminedandcannotbecured

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.wantstocommitsuicide

B.supportsanOregonlaw

C.determinedtolivelonger

D.isbecomingunconscious

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyhaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare

B.theyhaveasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness

C.theyhavestrongreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem

D.theyhavegotastrongmentalsupportfrompeoplearound

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.ishavingexperthelp

B.knowshowtocopewiththedisease

C.iswell-equippedwithadvanceddevices

D.oftencommunicateswithotherpeople

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Treatingalotofcancerpatients.

B.Devisinghisowntreatmentplan.

C.Providingmedicalconsultation.

D.Communicatingwithmanypeople.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段“A.L.S,progressive,paralyzingdisease,havestillednearlyeverymuscle（A.L.S是一種漸進(jìn)性的麻痹性疾病，幾乎使每一塊肌肉都停止活動(dòng)）”和第二段“A.L.S.orLouGehrig’sdisease,isoftendescribedasakindoflivingdeathin,whichthebodygoesflaccidwhilemindremainsintactandacutelyaware.（肌萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥或盧伽雷氏癥，常被描述為一種活死人。身體會(huì)變得松弛，而頭腦卻保持完整和敏銳的意識(shí)。）”，由此可推斷出肌萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥使肌肉病變會(huì)有一個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程。A選項(xiàng)“使人立即癱瘓”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“使每一塊肌肉逐漸停止活動(dòng)”符合題意；C選項(xiàng)“在美國(guó)是高度傳染性的”和D選項(xiàng)“是由基因決定的，不能治愈”文章都沒(méi)有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段“Butwhenpeopleaskhimhowhefeelsabouthislife,Dr.Lodish,hiseyesexpressingtheintensitydeniedtohisbody,responds:Istilllookforwardtoday.（但當(dāng)人們問(wèn)洛迪什對(duì)自己的生活有何感想時(shí)，他的眼神流露出了身體所沒(méi)有的那種強(qiáng)烈感，他回答說(shuō)：我仍然期待著。）”和第四段“l(fā)essisknownaboutthosepatientswhowanttolive,andlikeDr.Lodish,willgotoextraordinarylengthstodoso.（但對(duì)于那些像洛迪什醫(yī)生一樣想要活下去的病人，人們卻知之甚少。）”，由此可推斷出Dr.Lodish雖然被肌肉萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥折磨，但他仍不失積極樂(lè)觀的心態(tài)，對(duì)生活充滿期待，決定好好生活與病魔抗?fàn)幍降?。A選項(xiàng)“想自殺”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“支持俄勒岡州一項(xiàng)（允許醫(yī)生協(xié)助自殺的）法律”文章沒(méi)有提到；C選項(xiàng)“決心活得更長(zhǎng)”符合題意；D選項(xiàng)“正在變得失去意識(shí)”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第八段“Whatkeepsmanypatientsalive,expertssay,isasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness…（專家說(shuō)，讓許多病人活下來(lái)的，是一種未完的事業(yè)感……）”；第九段“Thosepatientswhodobestarethosewhohaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare,allowingthemtoavoidsomeofthemajorhealthrisksassociatedwiththedisease,andfamilymemberswhocancoverthehourswhenexperthelpisunavailable.（那些做得最好的病人是那些擁有涵蓋護(hù)理和醫(yī)療護(hù)理的保險(xiǎn)，使他們能夠避免一些與疾病相關(guān)的主要健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的人，以及那些家庭成員在得不到專家?guī)椭鷷r(shí)可以支付時(shí)間的人。）”以及第十段“havedeepreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem（許多患者都有深刻的宗教信仰，這些信仰幫助他們維持生命）”，因此A選項(xiàng)“他們有涵蓋護(hù)理和醫(yī)療的保險(xiǎn)”；B選項(xiàng)“他們有一種未完的事業(yè)感”以及C選項(xiàng)“他們有強(qiáng)烈的宗教信仰來(lái)支持他們”在文中都有提到，只有D選項(xiàng)“他們從周圍的人那里得到了強(qiáng)大的精神支持”文章沒(méi)有提及，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第十三段“Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.（這條與世界相連的線讓他與家人和朋友保持聯(lián)系，讓他成為他們生活中重要的一部分。）”以及第十四段“OneironyiswithmanypeopleIcommunicatemorenowthanwhenIwaswell（具有諷刺意味的是，我現(xiàn)在和很多人交流的次數(shù)比我健康時(shí)還多）”，由此可知Dr.Lodish與病魔作斗爭(zhēng)是通過(guò)經(jīng)常與他人溝通交流，分享生命中的點(diǎn)滴。A選項(xiàng)“正在接受專家的幫助”；B選項(xiàng)“知道如何對(duì)付這種疾病”；C選項(xiàng)“配備了先進(jìn)的設(shè)備”都不是主要原因，只有D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常與他人交流”符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第十二段“whodevisedhisownintricatelydetailedtreatmentregimen.（他設(shè)計(jì)了自己復(fù)雜而詳細(xì)的治療方案。）”；第十三段“Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.Hecontinuestoprovidemedicalconsultation…（這條與世界相連的線讓他與家人和朋友保持聯(lián)系，讓他成為他們生活中重要的一部分。他繼續(xù)提供醫(yī)療咨詢……）”，由此可知B選項(xiàng)“制定自己的治療方案”；C選項(xiàng)“提供醫(yī)療咨詢”和D選項(xiàng)“與許多人交流”說(shuō)法正確，文章都有提及，而A選項(xiàng)“治療了很多癌癥患者”可定位到文章最后一段“Dr.Lodishsaidthathisowndeterminationtolivecomes,inpart,fromhislongexperienceintreatingcancerpatients,whooftenfeelthatadiagnosisisadeathsentence.（洛迪什說(shuō)，他自己想活下去的決心，在一定程度上來(lái)自于他長(zhǎng)期治療癌癥患者的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這些患者常常覺(jué)得確診就等于判了死刑。）”，該段落只說(shuō)了Dr.Lodish想活下去的決心來(lái)自治療癌癥患者的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)他治療了很多癌癥患者，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意，A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Theinterconnectionintheglobalfinancialsystemmeansthatifonenation（）onitssovereigndebtorentersintorecessionthatplacessomeoftheexternalprivatedebtatriskaswell,thebankingsystemofcreditornationsfacelosses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accounts

B.defaults

C.bailouts

D.switches

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。account“認(rèn)為”；default“拖欠，不履行”；bailout“緊急救助、跳傘”；switch“轉(zhuǎn)換”。句意：全球金融體系的互聯(lián)互通意味著如果一個(gè)國(guó)家的主權(quán)債務(wù)違約拖欠，或陷入衰退，導(dǎo)致部分外部私人債務(wù)也面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，債權(quán)國(guó)的銀行體系將面臨損失。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.填空題

YouandIdon’tneedanyoneelse’sassistance.Wecansolvetheseproblemsby（

）.

句意:我和你都不需要其它任何人的幫助。我們靠我們自己可以解決問(wèn)題。

【答案】ourselves

【解析】固定搭配。byourselves依靠自己獨(dú)立完成。

11.單選題

Whenwecreditthesuccessfulpeoplewithintelligence,physicalstrengthorgoodluck,wearemakingexcusesforourselvesbecausewefall（）inallthree.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rare

B.lacking

C.short

D.scarce

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配辨析。rare“稀有的；稀薄的；半熟的”；lacking“缺乏的；沒(méi)有的；不足的”；short“短的；不足的；矮的”；scarce“缺乏的；不足的；稀有的”，這四個(gè)詞是同義詞，都有“缺乏的”的意思，但是這里fallshort是一個(gè)固定搭配，表示“不足；缺乏”。句意：當(dāng)我們認(rèn)為成功的人具有智慧、強(qiáng)健的體魄和好運(yùn)時(shí)，我們只是在為我們……以上三種因素而找借口。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

12.單選題

Justabout40%ofemployeesandmanagersinaNorthAmericansurveysaidtheyknowhowtheycanincreasetheirbasepayorcashbonuses.Theresultssuggestemployerslosemuchofthevalueofthepayraisesandbonusestheydistributebynotcommunicatingeffectively.“Manyemployeesandmanagerssimplydon’tunderstandwhytheygetpaidwhattheydo,”pointsoutRobHeneman,professorofmanagementandhumanresources,OhioStateUniversity,Columbus.“Businessescan’tgetagoodreturnoftheircompensationinvestmentifpeopledon’tunderstandhowtheirpayisdetermined.”

Thesurveyofmorethan6,000managersandemployeesin26organizationsintheU.S.andCanadashowedthatemployeesandmanagersfelttheiremployersdidagoodjobexplainingtheirperformanceobjectivesandthewaytheirperformanceismeasured.Theywereunclear,though,abouthowperformancewasrelatedtopay.Surprisingly,employeesreportedtheyknewmoreaboutstockoptionsattheircompaniesandhowtheyaredeterminedthanhowbasepayis.However,theresultsshowedthatbasepayknowledgeplaysalargerroleinoverallpaysatisfactionthandootherformsofcompensation,suchasbonuses.Employeeswhohadhigherlevelsofpayknowledgeshowedgreateroverallpaysatisfaction,which,inturn,waslinkedtohigherlevelsofretention(聘用)commitmenttothecompany,andeventrustinmanagement.Inotherwords,Henemanemphasizes,ensuringthatemployeesunderstandtheirpayisgoodforacompany’sbottomline.

Hefeelsthatcorporatecultureisoftenamajorproblemindealingwiththelackofpayknowledgeamongworkers.Inmanycompanies,itisconsideredtaboo—orevenexplicitlyforbidden—todiscussmattersdealingwithsalary.Inlieuof(代替)disclosingactualpayamountsofemployeestootherswithinthecompany,managementcanprovidemoreinformationaboutpaypracticesandpolicies,suchastheprocessusedtodeterminesalary,andtheaverageofraisesinaparticularyear.Workerswantmorethangeneralities;theywanttoknowhowpaypoliciesapplytotheirparticularsituation,Henemanpointsout.Thatoftenmeansmanagersneedtositdownwiththeiremployeesone-on-one.

1.WhatdoestheNorthAmericanSurveymainlysuggest?

2.Theemployersofmanycompaniesfailedto______.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactorinoverallpaysatisfaction?

4.Theemployeeswhounderstandandaresatisfiedwiththeirpaywould______.

5.Whatcanemployersdotohelptheiremployeesknowbetterhowpayisdetermined?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Iftheemployersmaketheirpaypolicyknownbetter,thecompanywouldgetmoreinreturn.

B.Iftheemployersmaketheirpaypolicyknownbetter,theywouldgetpayraisesandbonuses.

C.Iftheemployeesknowmoreaboutthepaypolicyofthecompany,theywouldgetmore.

D.Iftheemployeesknowmoreaboutthepaypolicyofthecompany,theywouldbecomeoneinthemanagement.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.explainwhattheirperformanceobjectiveswere

B.explainthewayperformancewasmeasured

C.explainthewayperformancewasrelatedtopay

D.explainhowperformancewasrelatedtopromotion

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Stockoptions.

B.Bonuses.

C.Corporateculture.

D.Basepay.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.bewillingtoremaininthebottomline

B.bewillingtobeloyalanddedicatedtothecompany

C.beensuredthattheirpayisjustified

D.beensuredthattheiremployersareworthwhile

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theycanshatterthetaboobyencouragingdiscussionaboutsalarymattersamongtheemployees.

B.Theycandisclosepayamountsofemployeestootherswithinthecompany.

C.Theycantalkwithindividualemployeeabouthowpaypoliciesapplytohisparticularsituation.

D.Theycantellallemployeesthetotalofraisesinaparticularyear.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二句Theresultssuggestemployerslosemuchofthevalueofthepayraisesandbonusestheydistributebynotcommunicatingeffectively.（結(jié)果表明，由于沒(méi)有進(jìn)行有效溝通，雇主失去了他們所發(fā)放的加薪和獎(jiǎng)金的大部分價(jià)值。），說(shuō)明因?yàn)楣椭鳑](méi)有良好地向員工傳達(dá)企業(yè)的薪酬政策，所以無(wú)法獲得良好的薪酬投資回報(bào)。因此A選項(xiàng)“如果雇主更好地宣傳他們的薪酬政策，公司會(huì)得到更多的回報(bào)”正確。B選項(xiàng)“如果雇主讓他們的薪酬政策更廣為人知，他們就會(huì)得到加薪和獎(jiǎng)金”，原文說(shuō)的是只有少部分員工知道如何獲得加薪和獎(jiǎng)金，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“如果員工更了解公司的薪酬政策，他們會(huì)得到更多”，D選項(xiàng)“如果員工更了解公司的薪酬政策，他們就會(huì)成為管理層中的一員”在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第二句Theywereunclear,though,abouthowperformancewasrelatedtopay.（不過(guò)，他們不清楚績(jī)效與薪酬之間的關(guān)系。），說(shuō)明許多雇主沒(méi)有解釋清楚績(jī)效與薪酬之間的關(guān)系。因此C選項(xiàng)“解釋績(jī)效與薪酬的關(guān)系”正確。A選項(xiàng)“解釋他們的績(jī)效目標(biāo)是什么”，B選項(xiàng)“解釋衡量業(yè)績(jī)的方式”，由原文可知，雇主在解釋業(yè)績(jī)目標(biāo)和衡量業(yè)績(jī)的方式方面做得很好，所以A,B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“解釋績(jī)效與晉升的關(guān)系”在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第四句However,theresultsshowedthatbasepayknowledgeplaysalargerroleinoverallpaysatisfactionthandootherformsofcompensation,suchasbonuses.（然而，研究結(jié)果顯示，基本工資知識(shí)對(duì)總體薪酬滿意度的影響要大于獎(jiǎng)金等其他形式的薪酬。），說(shuō)明整體薪酬滿意度中最重要的因素是基本工資。因此D選項(xiàng)“基本工資”正確。A選項(xiàng)“股票期權(quán)”，B選項(xiàng)“獎(jiǎng)金”，C選項(xiàng)“企業(yè)文化”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句Employeeswhohadhigherlevelsofpayknowledgeshowedgreateroverallpaysatisfaction,which,inturn,waslinkedtohigherlevelsofretentioncommitmenttothecompany,andeventrustinmanagement.（薪酬知識(shí)水平較高的員工總體薪酬滿意度更高，這反過(guò)來(lái)又與對(duì)公司的保留承諾更高，甚至與對(duì)管理層的信任程度更高有關(guān)。），說(shuō)明了解并對(duì)自己的薪酬感到滿意的員工會(huì)對(duì)公司更加忠誠(chéng)和信任。因此B選項(xiàng)“愿意對(duì)公司忠誠(chéng)和奉獻(xiàn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“愿意留在底線中”，C選項(xiàng)“被確保他們的薪酬是合理的”，D選項(xiàng)“被確保他們的雇主是有價(jià)值的”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后兩句Workerswantmorethangeneralities;theywanttoknowhowpaypoliciesapplytotheirparticularsituation,Henemanpointsout.Thatoftenmeansmanagersneedtositdownwiththeiremployeesone-on-one.（亨曼指出，員工想要的不僅僅是一般性的信息；他們想知道薪酬政策如何適用于他們的具體情況。這往往意味著管理人員需要與員工一對(duì)一地坐下來(lái)談。），說(shuō)明雇主可以通過(guò)和員工一對(duì)一談話來(lái)幫助他們更好地了解薪酬政策。因此C選項(xiàng)“他們可以與員工單獨(dú)討論薪資政策如何適用于他的特殊情況”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們可以通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)員工之間討論工資問(wèn)題來(lái)打破禁忌”，由原文可知，在許多公司談?wù)摴べY問(wèn)題是明確禁止的，打破禁忌并不能幫助員工更好地了解薪酬政策，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“他們可以向公司內(nèi)部的其他人披露員工的工資數(shù)額”，由原文可知，比起向公司內(nèi)部其他人披露員工的實(shí)際薪酬，管理層有其他可以公布的有效信息，所以B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“他們可以告訴所有員工某一年的加薪總額”，原文說(shuō)的是特定年份的平均加薪幅度，而不是加薪總額，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

13.單選題

Thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingisnotyourexperience,yourgrades,whatclassesyoutook,yourextracurricularactivities,oranyoftheotherbasicnecessities.Thoseskillsarewhatgotyoutheinterview.Thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingcanbesummedupinoneword:attitude.Ifyouwanttoriseaboveotherswithbetterexperience,bettergrades,orbetteranything,youwillneedtoworkondevelopingahighlypositiveworkattitude.

Yourattitudedetermineswhetheryouwill“makethecut”orbediscarded.Remember,thereareplentyofcompetitorswiththeabilitytodoalmostanygivenjob—especiallyattheentrylevel.

Thewaymostemployersdifferentiateattheentrylevelisbycandidates’attitudestowardthejob.Yourattitudeisoftenwhatrecruiterswillrememberwhenthedusthassettledafterreviewingten,twenty,orevenonehundredcandidates—theonewhowassincerelywillingtoputforthhisverybesteffort.Ifyouhavetheattitudeofwantingtodoyourverybestforthecompany,ofbeingfocusedonthecompany’sneeds,ofputtingyourselfforthasthepersonwhowillbecommittedanddedicatedtofulfillingtheirneeds,youwilllikelybetheonechosen.’

Whyisattitudesoimportant?Becausemostcompaniesalreadyhavetheirfallshareofmulti-talentedsuperstarswhocareaboutnoonebutthemselves.Askanymanagerwhothemostvaluablememberofhisteamis,andhewillpointnottotheoverratedsuperstar,buttothepersonwhohasthe‘cando’attitude,thepersonwhocanbecountedoninanysituation,thepersonwhotrulystrivesforexcellence.Givemeateamplayerwhoisachievingat99%andIwilltakeheroveraflashysuperstarwhoisrunningat50%efficiencyanydayoftheweek.Andsowill99%ofallhiringmanagers.

Sodon’tworryifyouarenot“superstar”quality.Ifyoucanshowmeinyourwordsandactions,thatyouarereadytoputforthyourverybestefforttowardachievingexcellence,youwillbechosenoverthesuperstar.Youcanshowyourwinningattitudeinthewayyoupresentyourself.Incorporatetheactualwords“positive“excellence,”and“strivingtobethebest”intoyourinterviewlanguage.Thenshowbyyourstoriesandexampleshowthesewordspositivelyaffectyourlife.Showmewhenandwhereandhowyouhaveputforthextraeffortaboveandbeyondthecallofduty.Showmehowyoubeatadeadline,howyouexcelledinaproject,orhowyoumadeadifferencebygoingtheextramile.Ifyoucanshownie,bywordsandexamples,your“cando”attitude,itisyouIwillhire,whileallofthesuperstarswillreceivepoliterejectionletterstoaddtotheirgrowi