絕密★啟用前Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars2.LearningaboutLanguage一、課文縮寫Theearthwasjustacloudof__1__afterthe“BigBang”．Theearth__2__loudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein__3__toproducemanythings,whichweretomaketheearth'satmosphere.Astheearthcooleddown，waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Itallowedtheearthtodissolve__4__gases.Thenlifebegantodevelop.Thefirstsmallplants__5__andfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen.Thisencouragedthe__6__ofearlyshellfishandfish.Landanimalssuchasinsec，tsreptilesanddinosaursandsoonappearedaftergreenplantsappeared.Smallcleveranimals__7__allovertheearth.Theyareputtingtoo__8__carbondioxideintotheatmosphere,which__9__heatfromtheearthintospace.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewill__10__onwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.二、單詞拼寫11.Hewasinterestedin天文學(xué)）andalwaysstayedupatnighttowatchthestars.12．Computerhackershavebrokendownsecurity（系統(tǒng)）,raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofinformation.Toomuchsugarcanbe傷害）tochildren'steeth.Thethree-starhoteloffersafriendly氣氛）andpersonalservice.Whatyoudidwould（阻止）thechildrenfromplayingcomputergamestoomuch.Mary's（到場）atthepartylastnightwasnotnoticed.6（乘）by5is30.（理論）isbasedonpractice.Notlongagoa[J烈）earthquakeoccurredoffthecoastofIndonesia.2020．Mysister（困惑）meandcausesmeanxiety.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換21．Hewentbackhome,andhefelttiredandhungry.Hewentbackhome，.他回到家時又累又餓。22．Nowtheweatherisfine,let'sgoforapicnic.theweatherisfine,let'sgoforapicnic.既然天氣那么好，我們?nèi)ヒ安桶伞?3．Youmustwatchoutforwildanimalswhenwalkingthroughtheforest.Youmustforwildanimalswhenwalkingthroughtheforest.穿行森林時，你必須提防野獸。24．ShuhowLinisanexcellentbasketballplayerlikeYaoMing.ShuhowLinisexcellentabasketballplayerYaoMing.林書豪與姚明一樣都是優(yōu)秀的籃球隊員。25．Hisapartmentisthreetimesaslargeasmine.Hisapartmentisthreetimesmine.他的公寓是我的公寓的三倍大。四、完形填空TerrorattackedtheheartoftheWorldWarIsoldier，ashesawhislifelongfriendfallinginthebattle.Caughtinatrench（戰(zhàn)壕）with26gunfirewhizzing（颼颼地移動）overhishead，thesoldieraskedhis27ifhemightgooutintothe“NoMan'sLand”betweenthetrenchestobringhis28partnerback．“Yocuango，”saitdheofficer，“buItdon'tthinkitwillbeworthit．Yourfriendis29deadandyoumaythrowyourown30away．”Theofficer'swordsdidn't31tohim，andthesoldierwentanyway.Surprisinglyhe32toreachhisfriend，lifthimontohis33，andbringhimbacktotheirowntrench．Asthetwoofthem34intogethertothebottomofthetrench，theofficer35thewoundedsoldier，andthenlookedkindlyathisfriend．“tIoldyouitwouldn'tbeworthit，”hesaid．“Youfriendisdead，andyouareterriblywounded．”“Iwtasworthit，36，sir，”thesoldiersaid．“Whadtoyoumeanby‘worthit'?”37otfhfiecer．“Youfriendisdead!”“Yesir，”thesoldieranswered．“BuitwasworthitbecausewhenIgottohim，hewasstill38，andIhadthe39ofhearinghimsay，‘Ji，mIknewyou'dcome．'”Manyatimein40，whetherathingisworthdoingornotreallydependson41youlookatit．Takeupallyour42anddosomethingyour43tellsyoutodosothatyoumaynot44doingitlaterinlife．Mayeachandeveryoneofyoubeblessedwiththecompanyof45friends．26．A．brightB．dustyC．continuousD．loose27．A．partnerB．officerC．reporterD．relative28．A．gratefulB.forgetfulC．selflessD．helpless29．A．probablyB．personallyC．exactlyD．entirely30．A．workB．lifeC．gunD．friendship31．A．matterB．a(chǎn)greeC．escapeD．succeed32．A．triedB．decidedC．plannedD．managed33．A．handsB．headC．shoulderD．legs34．A．trappedB．fellC．exploredD．competed35．A．checkedB．recoveredC．persuadedD．transported36．A.althoughB．thenC．whileD．a(chǎn)nyhow37．A．a(chǎn)dvisedB．warnedC．respondedD．ordered38．A．a(chǎn)liveB．a(chǎn)fraidC．a(chǎn)ffectedD．a(chǎn)mazed39．A．realityB．satisfactionC．responsibilityD．experience40．A．lifeB．battlesC．natureD．society41．A．whatB．howC．whenD．why42．A．a(chǎn)ttentionB．mercyC．courageD．money43.A.intelligenceB.friendC.characterD.heart44.A.forgetB.rememberC.regretD.admit45.A.trueB.straightC.generousD.native五、七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ebolaisadangerousvirusthatcancausepeopletogetverysickandevendie.ThevirusiscausingthebiggestproblemsinwesternAfrica,whereithasspreadquickly.Butitcangetworseandcauselife-threateningsymptoms癥狀）,suchasbleedingandtroublebreathing.47.Eboladoesnotspreadlikecoldsortheflubecauseitdoesnotfloatthroughtheair.Ebolaalsodoesn'stpreadthroughfoodorwater,likesomeotherviruses.Instead,Ebolaspreadswhensomeonetouchesthebodyfluids液體）ofasickperson.48.Anoutbreakiswhenmanypeoplearegettingsickwiththesameillnessaroundthesametime.Youmayhaveheardofafluoutbreak,whichiswhenlotsofpeoplegetsickfromthesametypesoffluvirus.Whenanoutbreakhappensbecauseofavirus,morepeoplecouldgetsickbecausethereisalotofthatvirusaround.WheredidEbolacomefrom?Scientistsaren'sturehowthefirstpersongetsEbolaatthestart.49.TropicalanimalsinAfricabelievedtocarrythevirusincludegreatapes,chimpanzees,gorillas,monkeys,fruitbats,porcupines,andforestantelopes.WhatdokidsneedtodoaboutEbola?EbolaismakingmanypeoplesickinAfrica,butnomatterwhereyoulive,it'alswaysagoodideatowashyourhandswellandoften.50.HowdopeoplecatchEbola?Buttheythinkthatpeoplemaypickupthevirusbytouchingoreatinginfectedanimals.WhydoIneedtowashmyhands?It'vesryimportantthatinfectedpeoplegettreatmentrightaway.Ebolasymptomscanstartwithfeverandheadache,kindofliketheflu.Whatisanoutbreak?Keepinghandscleancanhelpprotectyoufromcommonillnesseslikecoldsandtheflu.Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars2.LearningaboutLanguage參考答案與解析一、課文縮寫【答案】dustexplodedtimeharmfulmultiplieddevelopmentspreadmuchpreventsdepend二、單詞拼寫【答案】astronomysystemsharmfulatmospherepreventpresencemultipliedTheoryviolentpuzzles三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換【答案】tiredandhungryNowthatkeepagoodwatchas；asthesizeof四、完形填空【答案】26．C27．B28．D29．A30．B31．A32．D33．C34．B35．A36．D37．C38．A39．B40．A41．B42．C43．D44．C45．A【解析】文章通過士兵在戰(zhàn)地救戰(zhàn)友的事情，告訴我們當(dāng)對一件事無法作出選擇時，跟著我們的心走仔細(xì)傾聽內(nèi)心的聲音，才能做出無悔的選擇。C考查形容詞。A.bright明亮的，聰明的；B.dusty積滿灰塵的；C.continuous連續(xù)的；D．loose松的。此處指炮火不斷地從他頭頂飛過，根據(jù)情境選C.B考查名詞。A.partner伙伴；B.officer長官；C.reporter記者；D.relative親戚。士兵向他的長官請示他是否能把戰(zhàn)友帶回來，下文反復(fù)提到兩人的對話，故選B.D考查形容詞。A.grateful感激的；B.forgetful健忘的；C.selfless無私的；D.helpless無助的。此處指無助的戰(zhàn)友，根據(jù)下文可知戰(zhàn)友可能已經(jīng)死了，故選D.A考查副詞。A.probably大概，或許；B.personally親自地；C.exactly恰好地，正是；D.entirely完全地。此處指戰(zhàn)友或許已經(jīng)死了，表示可能性。故選A.B考查名詞。A.work工作；B.life生活；C.gun槍支；D.friendship友誼。長官認(rèn)為士兵這樣做不值得，戰(zhàn)友可能已經(jīng)死了他自己因為救戰(zhàn)友也可能會喪命。此處指扔掉自己的生命，故選B.A考查動詞。A.matter有關(guān)系；B.agree同意；C.escape逃脫；D.succeed成功。此處指長官的話并沒有影響士兵，他沒改變主意。故選A.D考查動詞。A.tried嘗試；B.decided決定；C.planned計劃；D.managed設(shè)法完成。令人吃驚的是他設(shè)法成功到達朋友那里，指設(shè)法成功做成某事用managetodo，故選D.C考查名詞。A.hands手；B.head頭；C.shoulder肩膀；D.legs腿。此處指把朋友扛起來背到肩膀上，故選C.B考查動詞。A.trapped困?。籅.fell掉下，摔倒；C.explored探索；D.competed完成。此處指兩人摔倒在戰(zhàn)壕里，根據(jù)情境選B.A考查動詞。A.checked檢查；B.recovered恢復(fù)；C.persuaded說服；D.transported運輸。長官給剛背回來的傷員檢查傷情，故選A.D考查副詞。A.although雖然，盡管；B.then然后；C.while然而；D.anyhow無論如何。長官認(rèn)為不值得，朋友已經(jīng)死了士兵也差點受傷。士兵回答說無論如何他認(rèn)為值，根據(jù)語境選D.C考查動詞。A.advised建議；B.warned警告；C.responded回應(yīng)；D.ordered命令。此處指長官對士兵的回答回應(yīng)到，故選C.A考查形容詞。A.alive活著的；B.afraid害怕的；C.affected受影響的；D.amazed驚奇的。此處指士兵到達那里時，戰(zhàn)友還活著。根據(jù)下文戰(zhàn)友說的話也知，故選A.B考查名詞。A.reality現(xiàn)實；B.satisfaction滿意；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.experienee經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗。此處指士兵很滿意聽到朋友說知道他會來，故選B.A考查名詞。A.life生活；B.battles戰(zhàn)斗；C.nature自然；D.society社會。此處指生活中有多次這種情況，根據(jù)常識選A.B考