不景氣slump（衰退recession）中國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)板ChinaGrowthEnterpriseMarket

首次上市IPOs(initialpublicoffering)

市場(chǎng)資本總額marketcapitalization

法人股institutionalshares

內(nèi)部股（非上市招股）privatecompanyshares

牛市bullmarket

法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)legalrisk

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理riskmanagement

堅(jiān)持嚴(yán)格的貸款標(biāo)準(zhǔn)maintainstrongunderwritingstandards六大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)risksin6keyareas(U.S.FederalReservecriterion)

信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)creditrisk

供給學(xué)派supply-sideeconomist

第一產(chǎn)業(yè)（農(nóng)業(yè)）agriculture(primaryindustry)

第二產(chǎn)業(yè)（工業(yè)）manufacturingindustry(secondaryindustry)

第三產(chǎn)業(yè)（服務(wù)業(yè)）serviceindustry(tertiaryindustry)

主要經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)majoreconomicindicators

國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDPgrossdomesticproduct（商品和勞務(wù)幣值總和，不包括海外收入支出）

國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值GNPgrossnationalproduct（商品和勞務(wù)幣值總和，包括海外收入支出）

人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDPpercapita

宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)macroeconomy

互助基金mutualfund

擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需expanddomesticdemand

改善居民心理預(yù)期inspirethegeneralpublic'sconfidenceinthefutureneeds

鼓勵(lì)增加即期消費(fèi)encouragemoreimmediateconsumption

長(zhǎng)期國(guó)債long-termtreasurybonds

支付國(guó)債利息toservicetreasurybonds

財(cái)政赤字和債務(wù)deficitsandthenationaldebt

按原口徑計(jì)算calculateonthebaseline

按不變價(jià)格計(jì)算calculateatconstantprice

按可比價(jià)格計(jì)算calculateatcomparableprice

列入財(cái)政預(yù)算支出listedinthefiscalbudget

結(jié)售匯制度thesystemofexchange,settlementandsales

經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目順差favorablebalanceofcurrentaccount,surplusofcurrentaccount

開(kāi)辦人民幣業(yè)務(wù)engageinRenminbi(RMB)business

出口退稅制度thesystemofrefundingtaxesonexportedgoods

保證金臺(tái)帳制度Depositaccountsystemforprocessingtrade

分期付款paybyinstallment

保值儲(chǔ)蓄inflation-proofbanksavings

抵押貸款collateralisedloans

住房抵押貸款residentialmortgageloan

貨幣主義者monetarist

計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)plannedeconomy

指令性計(jì)劃mandatoryplan

技術(shù)密集型technologyintensive

大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)massproduction

經(jīng)濟(jì)林cashtree

跟蹤審計(jì)follow-upauditing

流動(dòng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)liquidityrisk

操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)operationalrisk

內(nèi)部審計(jì)internalaudit

拋售bearsales

配套政策supportingpolicies

中國(guó)人民銀行（中央銀行）ThePeople’sBankofChina（centralbank）

四大國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行4majorstate-ownedcommercialbanks

中國(guó)銀行Bankofchina

中國(guó)工商銀行IndustrialandCommercialBankofChina（）and

中國(guó)建設(shè)銀行ConstructionBankofChina

中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)銀行AgriculturalBankofChina

招商銀行ChinaMerchantsBank

疲軟股票softstock

配股allotmentofshares

實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)率growthrateinrealterms

年均增長(zhǎng)率averagegrowthrateperannum

投資回報(bào)率rateofreturnoninvestment

外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口總額totalforeigntradevalue

實(shí)際利用外資incomingoverseascapital(investment)inplace

消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)consumerpriceindex(CPI)

零售價(jià)格指數(shù)retailpriceindex（RPI）

生活費(fèi)用價(jià)格總指數(shù)totalpriceindexoflivingcost

生活費(fèi)用incomeavailableforlivingexpenses

扣除物價(jià)因素inrealterms/oninflation-adjustedbasis

居民儲(chǔ)蓄存款residents’banksavingsdeposit

恩格爾系數(shù)（食品開(kāi)支占總支出的比例）Engelcoefficient

基尼系數(shù)（衡量地區(qū)差別）Ginicoefficient

購(gòu)買力平價(jià)法purchasingpowerparity(PPP)（衡量使用不同貨幣的兩個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、收入水平的一種計(jì)算法，用相等的匯率比較兩種貨幣各自的國(guó)內(nèi)購(gòu)買力）

片面追求發(fā)展速度excessivepursuitofgrowth

泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì)bubbleeconomy經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱overheatingofeconomy

通貨膨脹inflation

實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)therealeconomy

經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律lawsofeconomics

市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)marketregulation

優(yōu)化資源配置optimizeallocationofresources

規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)優(yōu)勢(shì)advantageofeconomiesofscale

勞動(dòng)密集型laborintensive

市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)marketrisk

收緊銀根tightenupmonetarypolicy

適度從緊的財(cái)政政策moderatelytightfiscalpolicy

信用緊縮creditcrunch

加強(qiáng)國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行內(nèi)部資金調(diào)度Instatecommercialbanks,internalcapitalallocationshouldbeimproved.

合理劃分貸款審批權(quán)限Limitsofauthorityforexaminingandapprovingloansshouldberationallydefined.

保證有市場(chǎng)、有效益、守信用企業(yè)的流動(dòng)資金貸款ensurefloatingcapitalloansforwell-performingandtrustworthyenterpriseswhichturnouttherightproductsfortherightmarkets

啟動(dòng)民間投資attractinvestmentfromtheprivatesector

適銷對(duì)路的產(chǎn)品therightproducts/readilymarketableproducts

國(guó)有企業(yè)state-ownedenterprises(SOEs)

集體企業(yè)collectively-owned(partnership)enterprises

私營(yíng)企業(yè)privatebusinesses

民營(yíng)企業(yè)privately-runbusinesses

中小企業(yè)small-and-medium-sizedenterprises

三資企業(yè)（中外合資、中外合作、外商獨(dú)資）overseas-investedenterprises;foreign-investedenterprises(Chinese-overseasequityjointventures,Chinese-overseascontractualjointventures,whollyforeign-ownedenterprises)

存款保證金guarantymoneyfordeposits

貨幣回籠withdrawalofcurrencyfromcirculation

吸收游資absorbidlefund

經(jīng)常性貸款commerciallending

經(jīng)常性支出operatingexpenses

再貸款re-lending;subloan

支持國(guó)有大型企業(yè)和高新技術(shù)企業(yè)上市融資supportlargestate-ownedenterprisesandhighandinnovativetechnologycompaniesintheireffortstoseekfinancingbylistingonthestockmarket

改制上市Anenterpriseisre-organizedaccordingtomoderncorporatesystemsothatitwillgetlistedonthestockmarket.

進(jìn)一步規(guī)范和發(fā)展證券市場(chǎng)furtherstandardizeanddevelopthesecuritiesmarket

增加直接融資比重increasetheproportionofdirectfinancing

完善股票發(fā)行上市制度improvethesystemforIPOandlistingonstockmarkets

中國(guó)證監(jiān)會(huì)ChinaSecuritiesRegulatoryCommission(CSRC)

深圳證券交易所市ShenzhenStockExchange

上海證券交易所ShanghaiStockExchange

綜合指數(shù)compositeindex

納斯達(dá)克（高技術(shù)企業(yè)板）NASDAQ（NationalAssociationofSecuritiesDealersAutomatedQuotation

主板市場(chǎng)themainboard

通貨緊縮deflation

中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)分三步走的戰(zhàn)略thethree-stepdevelopmentstrategyofChina’smodernizationdrive第一步，到1990年國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值比1980年翻一番StepOne:GDPof1990doublesthatof1980.第二步，到2000年人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值比1980年翻兩番，人民生活達(dá)到小康水平StepTwo:GDPof2000quadruplesthatof1980;peopleliveafairlycomfortablelife.第三步，到21世紀(jì)中期建國(guó)100周年時(shí)，達(dá)到中等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家水平StepThree:Bytheyear2049,the100thanniversaryoftheP.R.C.,China’slevelofdevelopmentisexpectedtobeonparwiththemid-rankingdevelopedcountries

與世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的聯(lián)系將更加緊密bemorecloselylinkedtotheworldeconomy

中國(guó)巨大的市場(chǎng)潛力將逐步轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)的購(gòu)買力ThehugemarketpotentialthatChinaenjoyswillbeturnedintotangiblepurchasingpower.

適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的法律法規(guī)體系還不夠健全Theregulatoryandlegalsystemisnotwellestablishedastoadapttothedemandofmarketeconomy.

經(jīng)濟(jì)管理體制可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些不適應(yīng)Theeconomicmanagementsystemmaynotbereadilyadaptedtothechanges.

一些行業(yè)和企業(yè)可能會(huì)受到?jīng)_擊Somesectorsofeconomyandsomebusinessesmaybeadverselyaffected.

立足中國(guó)國(guó)情，發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)proceedfromnationalconditionsinChinaandbringouradvantagesintoplay

揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短，趨利避害，迎接經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的挑戰(zhàn)fosterstrengthsandcircumventweaknessesandrisetothechallengeofeconomicglobalization

瓶頸制約bottleneckconstraints

放權(quán)讓利decentralizationandinterestconcessions(inlate1980sandearly1990s)

深化改革intensifyreform;deepenone’scommitmenttoreform

配套改革supporting(concomitant)reforms

配套資金counterpartfunds;localfundingof

提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益improveeconomicperformance;increaseeconomicreturns

講求社會(huì)效益valuecontributiontosociety;payattentiontosocialeffect

加速國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)信息化developinformation-basedeconomyaccelerateITapplicationineconomy

拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)fueleconomicgrowth

利改稅substitutionoftaxpaymentforprofitdelivery

費(fèi)改稅transformadministrativefeesintotaxes

債轉(zhuǎn)股debt-to-equityswap

頭寸寬裕（頭寸緊缺）inaneasyposition(tightposition)

朝陽(yáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)sunriseindustry

招標(biāo)投標(biāo)制thesystemofpublicbiddingforproject

充分發(fā)揮貨幣政策的作用givefullplaytotheroleofmonetarypolicy

實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策followapro-activefiscalpolicy

向銀行增發(fā)國(guó)債，擴(kuò)大投資Thegovernmentissuedadditionaltreasurybondstobankstoincreaseinvestment.

再注資recapitalization

放松銀根toeasemonetarypolicy

信息經(jīng)濟(jì)ITeconomy

外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)export-orientedeconomy

信息時(shí)代informationage

全球化globalization（全球性globality）

信譽(yù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)reputationalrisk

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)級(jí)riskrating

到期不還貸defaultonaloan

資不抵債insolvency;beinsolvent

亞洲金融危機(jī)Asianfinancialcrisis(1997-98)

投資（貸款）組合investment(loan)portfolio

外匯儲(chǔ)備充足sufficientforeignexchangereserves

中國(guó)金融業(yè)問(wèn)題problemswithfinancialsectorinChina

儲(chǔ)蓄比例過(guò)高theexcessivelylargeproportionofsavingsinthemoneysupply

國(guó)有企業(yè)產(chǎn)負(fù)債率過(guò)高h(yuǎn)ighleverageratioofthestate-ownedenterprises,

國(guó)有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行不良資產(chǎn)比例過(guò)高h(yuǎn)ighratioofnon-performingloansofthestatecommercialbanks

少數(shù)中小存款金融機(jī)構(gòu)不能支付到期債務(wù)insolvencyofahandfulofsmallandmedium-sizedfinancialinstitutions

不良貸款non-performingloans

防范和化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)addressfinancialrisks

提高企業(yè)借貸和行使民事責(zé)任的能力improveenterprises’creditworthinessandabilitytofulfiltheircivilliabilities

監(jiān)事會(huì)supervisoryboard

實(shí)行謹(jǐn)慎會(huì)計(jì)制度adoptprudentialaccountingstandards

五級(jí)分類法劃分貸款質(zhì)量thefive-categoryassetclassificationapproach

金融資產(chǎn)管理公司financialassetmanagementcompanies

分離和收回不良資產(chǎn)substantiallyreducetheratioofnon-performingassets

分業(yè)管理、規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)businesssegregation,economyofscale

規(guī)范金融機(jī)構(gòu)市場(chǎng)退出制度improvethemarketexitmechanismforfinancialinstitutions

政策性銀行statepolicy-relatedbank

國(guó)家發(fā)展銀行StateDevelopmentBank

知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)knowledge-basedeconomy

網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)Internet-basednetworkedeconomy

指導(dǎo)性計(jì)劃guidanceplan

社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)（中國(guó)）socialistmarketeconomy

社會(huì)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)（德國(guó)）socialmarketeconomy

新經(jīng)濟(jì)（美國(guó)）neweconomy

中國(guó)光大銀行EverbrightBankofChina

中國(guó)民聲銀行ChinaMinshengBankingCorporationLtd.

中信實(shí)業(yè)銀行CITICIndustrialBank

中國(guó)進(jìn)出口銀行ChinaEXIMBank

匯豐銀行HongKongandShanghaiBankingCorporation(HKSBC)

金融監(jiān)管financialsupervision

中國(guó)人民銀行法LawofthePeople’sBankofChina

商業(yè)銀行法LawofCommercialBanks

保險(xiǎn)法LawofInsurance

證券法LawofSecurities

巴塞爾原則BaselCorePrinciples

監(jiān)管對(duì)象的行為有問(wèn)題、管理機(jī)制不健全problemsofsupervisedentities’behaviorandtheunsoundinternalgovernancemechanism

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí)consciousnessofriskprevention

事前監(jiān)管proactiveregulationandsupervision

accountnumber帳目編號(hào)

depositor存戶

pay-inslip存款單

adepositform存款單

abandingmachine自動(dòng)存取機(jī)

todeposit存款

depositreceipt存款收據(jù)

privatedeposits私人存款

certificateofdeposit存單

depositbook,passbook存折

creditcard信用卡

principal本金

overdraft,overdraw透支

tocountersign雙簽

toendorse背書(shū)

endorser背書(shū)人

tocash兌現(xiàn)

tohonoracheck兌付

todishonoracheck拒付

tosuspendpayment止付

check支票

checkbook支票本

ordercheck記名支票

bearercheck不記名支票

crossedcheck橫線支票

blankcheck空白支票

rubbercheck空頭支票

checkstub,counterfoil票根

cashcheck現(xiàn)金支票

traveler'scheck旅行支票

checkfortransfer轉(zhuǎn)帳支票

outstandingcheck未付支票

canceledcheck已付支票

forgedcheck偽支票

Bandar'snote莊票，銀票

banker銀行家

president行長(zhǎng)

savingsbank儲(chǔ)蓄銀行

ChaseBank大通銀行

NationalCityBankofNewYork花旗銀行

HongkongShanghaiBankingCorporation匯豐銀行

CharteredBankofIndia,AustraliaandChina麥加利銀行

BanquedeI'IndoChine東方匯理銀行

centralbank,nationalbank,banker'sbank中央銀行

bankofissue,bankofcirculation發(fā)行幣銀行

commercialbank商業(yè)銀行，儲(chǔ)蓄信貸銀行

memberbank,creditbank儲(chǔ)蓄信貸銀行

discountbank貼現(xiàn)銀行

exchangebank匯兌銀行

requestingbank委托開(kāi)證銀行

issuingbank,openingbank開(kāi)證銀行

advisingbank,notifyingbank通知銀行

negotiationbank議付銀行

confirmingbank保兌銀行

payingbank付款銀行

associatebankerofcollection代收銀行

consignedbankerofcollection委托銀行

clearingbank清算銀行

localbank本地銀行

domesticbank國(guó)內(nèi)銀行

overseasbank國(guó)外銀行

unincorporatedbank錢莊

branchbank銀行分行

trusteesavingsbank信托儲(chǔ)蓄銀行

trustcompany信托公司

financialtrust金融信托公司

unittrust信托投資公司

trustinstitution銀行的信托部

creditdepartment銀行的信用部

commercialcreditcompany(discountcompany)商業(yè)信貸公司（貼現(xiàn)公司）

neighborhoodsavingsbank,bankofdeposit街道儲(chǔ)蓄所

creditunion合作銀行

creditbureau商業(yè)興信所

self-servicebank無(wú)人銀行

landbank土地銀行

constructionbank建設(shè)銀行

industrialandcommercialbank工商銀行

bankofcommunications交通銀行

mutualsavingsbank互助儲(chǔ)蓄銀行

postofficesavingsbank郵局儲(chǔ)蓄銀行

mortgagebank,buildingsociety抵押銀行

industrialbank實(shí)業(yè)銀行

homeloanbank家宅貸款銀行

reservebank準(zhǔn)備銀行

charteredbank特許銀行

correspondingbank往來(lái)銀行

merchantbank,acceptingbank承兌銀行

investmentbank投資銀行

importandexportbank(EXIMBANK)進(jìn)出口銀行

jointventurebank合資銀行

moneyshop,nativebank錢莊

creditcooperatives信用社

clearinghouse票據(jù)交換所

publicaccounting公共會(huì)計(jì)

businessaccounting商業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)

costaccounting成本會(huì)計(jì)

depreciationaccounting折舊會(huì)計(jì)

computerizedaccounting電腦化會(huì)計(jì)

generalledger總帳

subsidiaryledger分戶帳

cashbook現(xiàn)金出納帳

cashaccount現(xiàn)金帳

journal,day-book日記帳，流水帳

baddebts壞帳

investment投資

surplus結(jié)余

idlecapital游資

economiccycle經(jīng)濟(jì)周期

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