新人教必修Book3

Unit5TheValueofMoneyDiscoveringUsefulStructures

P54

Leading-inMayweaskwhatyou'redoinginthiscountryandwhatyourplansare?Ican'tsaythatIhaveanyplans.Youmustn'tworryaboutthat.Couldyouoffermeworkhere?Readthesentencesbelowandthinkabout:Whatarethefunctionsandmeaningsofthesemodalverbs?Modalverbshavemanyfunctions,includingthefollowing(A-F).PresentationA.necessityB.possibilityC.obligationD.requestE.adviceF.intentionFindmodalverbsinprevioussectionsanddiscusstheirfunctions.

Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithsuitablemodalverbsinthebox.maymustcanoughttomighthadbetterwouldshouldInthefilmTheMillionPoundBankNote,HenryAdamsisstuckinaforeigncountrywithoutmoneyandfriends,andwithnowheretostay.Whilethissituation_____seemunusual,itcansometimeshappentotravellers.Incaseithappenstoyouonatripabroad,what________youdo?First,andmostimportantly,you________staycalm.Fear_____causeyoutobecomeconfused.YouneedtothinkmayshouldmustcanReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithsuitablemodalverbsinthebox.maymustcanoughttomighthadbetterwouldshouldclearly.Second,youshouldgotoyournearestconsulate.They________beabletohelptosomeextent.Third,you______dowelltocheckwithsomelocalcharities.They______offerhelptotravellersinneed.Fourth,you_________avoidgettingintotrouble.You______thinkthatstealingsomemoneyorfoodwouldhelpyou,butyoushouldnotdoso.Gettingcaught______ruinyourlife.oughttowouldmighthadbettermightwouldI.ReviewofmodalverbsGrammar一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語法特征情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以表示可能、建議、愿望、必要、允許、能力等。2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought和have外，后面只能接不帶to的不定式。5.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式、分詞等形式。1.只作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的：2.可情態(tài)可實(shí)義的：

3.可情態(tài)可助動(dòng)詞的:

4.相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的:

二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的分類can/could,may/might,oughtto,mustneed,dare/daredshall/should,will/wouldhaveto,usedto2.must

表示必須、必要?；卮餸ust引出的問句時(shí),

如果是否定的回答,不能用mustn’t，而要用

needn’t或don’thaveto。三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法must,haveto—Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?—Yes,youmust.(No,youdon’thaveto.)1.must表示推測時(shí)，只能用于肯定句。Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththecomputer.Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired.3.haveto和must均表示“______”，但______是指說話人的主觀看法，而________則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。。①IhavetowaitherebecauseIhavenoumbrellawithme.②Imustrecitethetextthismorning.can/could1.

can/could表推測,只能用在否定句或疑問句中。It’ssolate.CanTombereading?She

couldn’t

betellinglies.*對過去發(fā)生的行為進(jìn)行推測時(shí)，常用can/couldhavedone的否定或疑問形式。Thedoorwaslocked.Shecouldn’thavebeenathome.必須musthaveto2.

can/could表能力，can表示現(xiàn)在的能力，could表示過去的能力。Icanreadthischinesearticle.She

couldplaythepianoattheageoffive.*can表示能力時(shí)，還可以用beableto代替。

beableto后接動(dòng)詞原形，可用于大多數(shù)時(shí)態(tài)。IwillbeabletospeakFrenchinanotherfewmonths.Theywereabletoescapefromthebuilding.3.

can/could表許可，could語氣更委婉。CanIcomein?CouldIborrowyourpen?may/might1.表示推測時(shí),只能用于陳述句,可以指現(xiàn)在，也可以指過去，且可能性不大。Theymaycomeheretomorrow.Hemightbedoinghishomeworknow.2.表示請求或允許,might可以指過去的時(shí)間，也可指現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間。對may的一般疑問句的肯定回答可用may或can,但作否定回答時(shí)要用mustn't或can't?！狹ay(Might)Ihavealittlebrandy?—No,youmustn't.You'dbetternot.3.May可以表示祝愿或希望，而might不行。Maytheybeveryhappyinthefuture.Mayyousucceedinthecomingyear.shall/should1.在一、三人稱的疑問句中,shall用來詢問對方的意愿。Shallwebeginourlesson?2.用于二、三人稱的陳述句中,表說話人命令、警告、允諾等口吻。HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading.Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.will/would1.表示請求、建議等,would比will委婉客氣。Wouldyoupassmethebook?2.表示意志、愿望和決心。Iwillneverdothatagain.Theyaskedifwewoulddothatagain.3.should表示勸告、建議、命令，用于各種人稱。4.should表示說話人的驚訝、憤怒、失望等特殊情感，意為“居然，竟然”。Amazing!Youshouldwearslippersatwork.oughtto1.表示職責(zé)和義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”(因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做)，口氣比should稍重。Yououghtn'ttosmokesomuch.2.表示推測，暗含很大的可能性，近似于should。HanMeioughttoknowhistelephonenumber.dare/need1.作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于否定句、疑問句和條件從句中，一般不用在肯定句中。Hedoesn'tdare(to)answer.Youdidn'tneedtodoityourself.HowdareyousayI’munfair?Youneedn’tcomesoearly.2.dare和need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其否定和疑問的構(gòu)成需借助do/did/does，need后面接帶to的不定式，而在疑問句和否定句中，dare后可省去to。有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。II.Thepastfuturetense過去將來時(shí)Grammar一、定義過去將來時(shí)，表示從過去某一時(shí)間來看，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。二、結(jié)構(gòu)1.would+動(dòng)詞原形HeaskedmehowsoonIwouldgetready.IaskedhimifPeterwouldarrivethenextday.Shetoldmeshewouldmakedowithitlater.2.was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形Shetoldmeshewasgoingtoposttheparcel.Hewasgoingtostartoffatonce.*與would+動(dòng)詞原形相比，was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形有打算、計(jì)劃的含義。3.was/wereabouttodo表示說話的瞬間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。此結(jié)構(gòu)一般不與時(shí)間狀語連用，但后面可以接when引導(dǎo)的分句。Ifeltthatsomethingterriblewasabouttohappen.Wewereabouttogotherewhenitbegintorain.4.go,come,leave,start,meet等動(dòng)詞的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示就過去的某一時(shí)刻而言即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Shedidn'tsaywhenshewascomingagainnexttime.JimdecidedtheywereflyingtoEnglandnextmonth.5.was/weretodo表示曾經(jīng)計(jì)劃做某事，并且從現(xiàn)在看已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)。當(dāng)表示“原計(jì)劃做某事但是最終未發(fā)生”，用was/weretohavedone.IfeltnervousbecauseIwassoontoleavehomeforthefirsttime.Weweretohavebeenmarriedlastyear.PracticeCompletethefollowingsentencesusingmodalverbs.You’vebeenworkingallday.You______beverytired.2.Iwonderwhothatis.It_____beLisa.She’sinthelibraryatthistime.3.Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You_______comeandseeusmoreoften.4.Ihaven’tdecidedwhereI’mgoingformyholidays.I_____gotoAustralia.mustcan’tshouldmayCompletethefollowingsentencesusingmodalverbs.5.Myfather’sbirthdayiscoming.What_____Igethim?6.Whydon’tyoutryonthisdress?It_______lookniceonyou.7.—Whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher?—I’mnotsure.It______beherbrother.8.Idon’tknowwhentheguestsbehere.They_________arriveatanytime.shallwillmightwill/couldCompletethefollowingsentencesthatdescribethefutureusingeitherformofthegivenverbs.1.PhilipboughttwoticketsforThePhantomoftheOpera.He_____________________________(watch)

withhisgirlfriendontheweekend.2.IwassosurprisedatthenewsthatDavid________