會計(jì)學(xué)1MUperiodGrammar名詞性從句在語法填空及寫作中的運(yùn)用由_____引導(dǎo),在復(fù)合句中起_____作用的從句叫名詞性從句(NounClauses)。它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任______________

_______等,因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能,名詞從句又分別稱為_________

___________________________。在名詞性從句中一律用_______的語序,即使從句表達(dá)的是疑問含義。名詞性從句連接詞名詞主語、賓語、表語、同位語主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句陳述句第1頁/共27頁NounClauses(名詞性從句)SubjectClause(主語從句)AppositiveClause（同位語從句）ObjectClause（賓語從句）PredicativeClause（表語從句）基礎(chǔ)回顧１第2頁/共27頁謂語動詞/介詞主語從句表語從句賓語從句

名詞同位語從句Whetherwewillwindependsonyou.

系動詞Theproblemishowtheytooktheirtrip.Thefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsareonadietworriestheirparentsalot.Ican’timaginewhatmadehimactlikethat.第3頁/共27頁常見引導(dǎo)詞(連接詞)1)無意義無地位(連詞)2)有意義無地位(連詞)3)有意義有地位thatwhetherif

who(m)whosewhatwhichwho(m)ever/whatever/whicheverwhenwherewhyhowwherever/whenever/however基礎(chǔ)回顧2連接代詞連接副詞asif(只用于表語從句）how

many/much從屬連詞第4頁/共27頁

看從句中缺少什么成分，根據(jù)意思選擇適當(dāng)連接詞語；如不缺成分且句意完整，則選用that.一找二查三選：從句：缺少什么成分：意思適合的連接詞名詞性從句詞選擇總原則：

第5頁/共27頁P(yáng)artA:Haveatry:Chooseaproperconjunction.1._____

hasbeenannouncedisthatwemusthandinourgraduationpapersbeforetheendofJune.What2._____healwaysservesthepeopleiswell-known.3._______theEnglisheveningwillbeheld,onMondayorTuesday,hasnotyetbeendecided.4.Iwanttoknow_______hehastoldyou.5.Everythingdependson________wehavemoney.6.Hemissedthebus.Thatis_____hedidn’tcome.7.Thenews_____wewonthegamewasexciting.ThatWhenwhatwhetherwhythatThereasonwhyhedidn’tcomeisthathemissedthebus.第6頁/共27頁P(yáng)artB:

Filleachoftheblankswithaproperwordandjudgewhatnounclauseitis.1.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_____

hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.（廣東08）2.Itoccurredatfirst_____Ididnotrecognizethehandwriting，andthenIrealizedwhoseitmustbe.（廣東09）that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,在從句中不作成分,沒有意義that引導(dǎo)主語從句,在從句中不作成分,沒有意義。第7頁/共27頁3.Frankfoundaspotcloseto_______thetrainwouldstop.（廣東09）4.However,youcanhavegreatpowerover_____happenstoyouifyoustopfocusingonwhomtoblameandstartfocusingonhowtoremedythesituation.(廣東2010)where引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作狀語。what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作主語。第8頁/共27頁Attention:that/what&what/which1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

5.Idon’tknow____willhappennext.6.Heisnolonger____heusedtobe.7.Ihavenodoubt_____youwillsucceed.8.Iwanttoknow_____bookyouliketoread.9.Iwanttoknow______bookyouliketoreadmostofthethree.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhatwhich第9頁/共27頁1.名詞性從句連接詞的選用(1)that和what的選用that和what都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞性從句。但是，______除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可作從句的_____、______、______、或____。而_____在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起_______作用。what主語賓語定語that總結(jié)連接表語(2)what和which做定語時(shí)

的選用______沒有范圍限制______是在有范圍之內(nèi)的一種選擇

whatwhich第10頁/共27頁

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

4.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.

5.Littledoeshecare________weliveordie.

6.Thequestionis________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

________hewillrecoversoonornot.

8.Ihaven’tdecided_______togothere.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherAttention:if/whether第11頁/共27頁

a.________、______、______從句。

b._____詞后的賓語從句。

d.與______或_____連在一起引導(dǎo)賓語從句。c.后面直接跟___________當(dāng)賓語。if和whether的選用2.只用whether不用if表“是否”的情況:總結(jié)：主語表語同位語介ornot動詞不定式or第12頁/共27頁1.

The

news__________

she

heard

is

true.

2.

The

news

______

she

will

go

abroad

is

true.3.

The

reason

______

he

was

chosen

remains

unknown.4.

Hetoldusthereason.However,Istill

havenoidea

______

he

was

chosen

.Attention:同位語從句/定語從句

thatthatwhywhy在定語從句時(shí)，關(guān)聯(lián)詞在從句中充當(dāng)__________，一般可以被其他詞代替,做賓語是可以被省略；而______________的引導(dǎo)詞不能省略，更不能被代替。/which/forwhich句子成分同位語從句總結(jié)：第13頁/共27頁語法填空（連詞專練）第14頁/共27頁what

thatwhat

whenthatWhether

________NativeAmericansarrivedinCalifornian15,000or14,000yearsagoisnotimportant.Exactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedin______wenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.Thefact_____theyarrivedalongtimebeforeEuropeansis_____

matters.IbelievethattheNativeAmericansweretreatedbadly_____thefirstEuropeanscame.However,itislikely_____NativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleast15,000yearsago.Scientistsbelieve_______thesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofabridge______existedinprehistorictimes.Besides,________attractspeopletoCalifornianisitspleasantclimateandrelaxinglifestyle.Thisis________eachyearagreatnumberofpeoplefromallovertheworldtrytoimmigratetoCalifornian.that

whichwhatwhy第15頁/共27頁名詞性從句在寫作中經(jīng)常用到的句型推薦：1.據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道/眾所周知/很明顯…Itissaid/reported/well-knowntoall/widelyacknowledged/obvious/clearthat2.(強(qiáng)化語氣作用)毫無疑問/不可否認(rèn)…Thereisnodoubtthat…Thereisnodenyingthat…=Undoubtedly,…3.表明某事的原因Thereasonfor…/why…isthat4.最令某人….的是…Whatdelights/surprises/shocks/terrifies/frightenssb.mostisthat…=Obviously/Clearly,第16頁/共27頁名詞性從句在寫作中經(jīng)常用到的句型推薦：5.表明觀點(diǎn)賓語從句：Sb.believe同位語從句/claim/insist/pointout/suggest/recommendthat…Sb.holdaview/holdabelief/setupanargument/putforwardasuggestionthat…6.想起某事/突然想到…主意Itoccurstosbthat…/Anideaoccurstosb.that…/issuedaregulation(發(fā)布條例)Anideasuddenlycomestosb.that…第17頁/共27頁Itisreportedthataseverelandslidehit

/struckZhouqucountyinGansuProvincearound22:00p.m.onAugust7th,2010,causingabout1,254deathsandover490missing.Exercise：

1.據(jù)報(bào)道2010年8月7日夜22點(diǎn)左右，在甘肅舟曲發(fā)生了泥石流(Landslide)，導(dǎo)致約1254人遇難，490余人失蹤。第18頁/共27頁2.自2011年1月1日起，中國政府發(fā)布了全國范圍的禁煙條例：在公共場所禁止吸煙。ChinesegovernmentissuedanationwideregulationthatsmokingisnotpermittedinpublicplacesfromJanuary1,2011.第19頁/共27頁3.我突然想到一個(gè)好主意，我可以在圣誕節(jié)早上打個(gè)電話給父母并寄一份禮物給他們。(話題：孩子與父母的關(guān)系）AgoodideasuddenlyoccurredtomethatIcouldcallupmyparentsandsendthemapresentonChristmasmorning.AgoodideasuddenlycametomethatIcouldcallupmyparentsandsendthemapresentonChristmasmorning.第20頁/共27頁

4.學(xué)習(xí)是學(xué)生應(yīng)該做的事，但是如果給錢他們，他們會誤認(rèn)為他們是為錢而不是知識而學(xué)。(2010,廣東;對用金錢鼓勵(lì)孩子學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行議論)Asisknowntoall,studyiswhatstudentsshoulddo.However,iftheyarepaidtostudy,theywillbemisledtothink

thatthey’restudyingformoneyinsteadofknowledge.

第21頁/共27頁5.關(guān)于移民火星（13基礎(chǔ)寫作）專家觀點(diǎn):火星生活條件太艱苦；面臨嚴(yán)寒氣候、孤獨(dú)和恐懼。TheexpertspointoutthatthelifeontheMarswillberatherdifficultasaresultofthecoldweather,lonelinessandfear.Theexpertsholdaview/belifthatfacedwiththecoldweather,lonelinessandfear,thevolunteerswillfindtheliferatherdifficultontheMars.第22頁/共27頁

6.志愿者觀點(diǎn)如果成功，就是人類英雄；厭倦地球生活，想體驗(yàn)火星生活Somevolunteersholdthebeliefthattheywillbetheheroesiftheysucceed.Moreover,theyaretiredoflivingontheearth,sotheywanttoexperiencethelifeontheMars.Moreover,tiredoflivingontheearth,theywanttoknowwhatlifeislikeontheMars.Moreover,tiredoflivingontheearth,theywanttoexperiencethelifeontheMars.第23頁/共27頁