nhenheebakedinationofthescarbonspourlaproductiondelaluminiumAnodesprcuites-Déterminationdel’énergiederupturecensedtoSongGuanyuMrnloadedingleuserlicenceonlycopyingandnetworkingprohibitedISOE)?ISO2012ISO(E)?ISO2012Allrightsreserved.Unlessotherwisespecified,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopyingandmicrofilm,withoutpermissioninwritingfromeitherISOatthesbeloworISOsmemberbodyinthecountryoftherequestertofficeCasepostaleCH1Geneva20Tel0111Fax947ghtisoorgwitzerlandcensedtoSongGuanyuMrnloadedAllrightsreservedSingleuserAllrightsreservedISO(E)rnationalOrganizationforStandardizationisaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISOmemberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnicalcommittees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhastherighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,inliaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization.InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part2.ThemaintaskoftechnicalcommitteesistoprepareInternationalStandards.DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodiesforvoting.PublicationasanInternationalStandardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote.Attentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisdocumentmaybethesubjectofpatentrights.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.ISO11706waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC226,MaterialsfortheproductionofprimarycensedtoSongGuanyuMrnloadedsreserved?ISOSingleuserlicencesreservedcensedtoSongGuanyuMrnloadedSingleuserlicenceonlycopyingandnetworkingprohibitedISO(E)onaceousmaterialsfortheproductionofodesDeterminationofthecopeThisInternationalStandarddescribesamethodforthedeterminationofthefractureenergyatroomtemperature.Thispropertyisrelevantforthethermalshockresistanceofprebakedanodesusedintheelectrolyticcell.sThefollowingreferenceddocumentsareindispensablefortheapplicationofthisdocument.Fordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyamendments)applies.ISO8007-2,Carbonaceousmaterialsusedintheproductionofaluminium—Samplingplansandsamplingfromindividualunits—Part2:PrebakedanodesendingshearstrengthbyathreepointmethodISO12985-1,Carbonaceousmaterialsusedintheproductionofaluminium—BakedanodesandcathodeblocksPartDeterminationofapparentdensityusingadimensionsmethodPrincipleTheamountofenergyneededtofractureanotchedcylindricaltestpieceisdeterminedbyintegratingtheforce-displacementsignalsofthetestingmachine.Notchingofthetestpieceallowstominimizetheelasticenergystoredinthespecimenandthereforeguaranteescontrolledandsmoothcrackpropagation.Thesamearrangementandtestingequipmentasrequiredforthedeterminationofthebending/shearstrengthbya3-pointmethodcanbeused,seeISO12986-1.Alengthmeasurementdevicefortheverticaldisplacement,adataacquisitionsystemandsoftwareabletointegratetheforce-displacementcurveareadditionallyneeded.4ApparatusestingequipmentThetestingmachinehasahydraulicsystemthatcanbeadjustedtocontroltheloadincreaserate.Themaximumachievedloadshouldlieabove1kNandtheprecisionoftheloadsensorbetterthan5N.The3-pointcellcomplieswithISO12986-1.Thedisplacementmeasurementunitshallcoverarangeof10mmwithaprecisionbetterthan5μm.Thearrangementofthecellwiththenotchedsampleandtherecordedsignalsareshowninthefollowingfigure.censedtoSongGuanyuMrnloaded?ISO2012–Allrightsreservednetworking?ISO2012–Allrightsreservednetworkingprohibited1ISO(E)1pierbar(?5to10mm)2supportbar(?5to10mm)3testpiece(?50mm,length130mm,60°notched,2mmslots)Ls=100mmF=forceappliedtothebottomtableD=displacementsensorFigure1—3-pointtestingset-upThemaximumloadreachedfortypicalanodesliesintherangeof500Nto1000Nwhileatypicalentheloadincreaseandthetotalfractureofthesampleisaroundmmand1mm.Thetypicalvalueofthefractureenergyofworldwideanodesisaround200J/m2.SamplingThesamplingprogramandthedrillinglocationofthesampleshallbeagreedbetweenthesellerandbuyerinaccordancewithISO8007-2.rationofthetestpieces6.1DrillingandcuttingCylindricaltestpieceswithacircularcross-sectiononlyshallbeused.Thetestpiecesshallhaveadiameterof50mm+1mmandaminimumlengthof130mm.Drillingshallbeperformedwithamachineandset-upguaranteeingauniformdiameterthroughoutthesamplelength.Cuttingismadebyusingasawunitprovidingparallelend-facesofthetestpiece.6.2Notchinganglenotchedcross-sectionalareashallbepreparedanglenotchedcross-sectionalareashallbeprepared.Theslotthicknessshallbe2mm.nloaded2AllrightsreservedSingleuserAllrightsreservedISO(E)Aconvenientandsimplewaytopreparethenotchistouseasawhavinga2mmthickbladeof250mmdiameter.Thesamplepositioningisgivenbyfixingthetestpiecestoasupportfittinginthesawtable.Aftersawingthefirstslotreachingtheprecisehighestpositionofthecylinders,thesupportdevicewithitsfixedtestpieceisturnedby180°forpreparingthesecondslot.6.3DryingThetestpiecesarecleanedanddriedoverweightat120°Candcooledtoroomtemperature.ThediameterofthetestpieceismeasuredusingacaliperaccordingtoISO12985-1.Setupthepiece,withthenotchtipalignedtothebottomsupportbars,onthetestingtable.Increasetheforcesteadilyandsmoothlyinsuchawaythatthesamplebreakstotallyinatimeperiodbetween5sand10s.Recordcontinuouslytheloadandthedisplacementofthetable.ExpressionofresultsCalculatethefractureenergyinJ/m2byintegratingtheforce/displacementsignalsaccordingtothefollowingprincipleandequations:Figure2—Integrationoftheforce/displacementcurveThezerodisplacementXocorrespondstothetablepositionwherethefirstsignificantsignofloadisnoticed.ThedisplacementXfcorrespondstothetablepositionwherethedecreasingloadstillhadasignificantpositivevalue.ThefractureenergyFEcanbecalculatedusingtheintegralformulashownbelow:XfFE=.jF.dxXoerecensedtoSongGuanyuMrnloaded3sreserved?ISOSingleuserlicence3sreservedISO(E)F=forceinnewtonsX=displacementinmetresS=brokensurfacearea,equalforanangleof60°to0,478h2(h=samplediameter)ReporttheresultroundedtotheunitofJ/m2.PrecisionTherepeatabilityofthisdestructivemethodcannotbetested.Thereprodu