2#鍋爐大板梁吊裝施工技術(shù)措施Constructiontechniquemeasurementof2#boilerplategirderhoisting工程概述General1.1主要工程量及技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù):1.1mainengineeringquantityandtechnicaldata:鍋爐鋼結(jié)構(gòu)大板梁主要有三根，梁兩端全部采用鑲嵌式、高強螺栓連接。分別位于J、K、L軸線上，其中:therearethreepiecesofplategirderinboilersteelstructure,connectedbymosaictexture、highstrengthboltonbothendofplategirder.AndindicatedonaxisJ、K、Lseparately,asfollow:J板梁重121.3t,長29.098m,截面尺寸為1400×5500，標高83.595m;K板梁重132.4t,長28.798m,截面尺寸為1400×5500，標高84.430m;L板梁重156.8t,長28.798m,截面尺寸為1600×5500，標高83.595m。PlategirderJweight:121.3t,length:29.098m,sectionsize:1400*5500,EL:83.595mPlategirderKweight:132.4t,length:28.789m,sectionsize:1400*5500,EL:84.430mPlategirderLweight:156.8t,length:28.789m,sectionsize:1600*5500,EL:83.595m1.2吊裝方案簡介Hoistingschemeintroduction:由于三根大板梁的重量較重，單臺起重機械不能滿足獨立吊裝任務(wù)，擬采用兩臺起重機進行抬吊作業(yè)，一臺是布置于鍋爐爐右的FZQ1380吊車，另一臺是布置于爐膛內(nèi)部左側(cè)的CKE4000C吊車（超起96m主臂工況）。Thethreeplategirdercan’tbehoistedsolelybyonehoistingcranebecauseoftheirweight.Soadopthoistingworkingbytwocranes,oneisindicatedontherighthandofboiler,whichisFZQ1380crane;theotherontheleftofinsidefurnace,whichisCKE4000Ccrane,(adopt96boom)2、鋼架緩裝方案steelworkdelayinginstallationscheme:鋼架第五層吊裝完畢后，將鍋爐尾部靠中心右側(cè)鋼架吊裝完善到頂，即M及N排的14軸到15.5軸。預(yù)留左側(cè)12.5軸到14軸作為板梁吊裝時CKE4000C的行走空間。Afterfinishinginstallationoftier5steelworks,installtherighthandofsteelworknearcenterlineonrearboiler,i.e.axis14to15.5ofrowMtoN.reservedspacefromthelefthandofaxis12.5to14forworkingspacewhenCKE4000Choistplategirder.3、鋼架加固方案steelworkreinforcingscheme:由于鋼架M排36m以上為單片設(shè)計，缺乏整體穩(wěn)定性，吊裝板梁前必須對爐右部分的51m,68m和81m處的主橫梁上斜拉焊接Ⅰ25工字鋼，如圖示:thereisn’tintegralstabilityasdesigningforonepiecesolelyaboverowM36msteelwork,somitreweldI25I–shapedsteelformainhorizontalbeamonEL51m,68mand81m,whichisontherighthandofboiler.Illustrateasfigure:加固：stiffener爐中心線：:thecentrelineofboiler.另外，F(xiàn)ZQ1380吊車的附著臂應(yīng)盡量固定于K和L主柱上，以增強鋼架在吊裝時的整體穩(wěn)定性。Inaddition,FZQ1380craneattachedjibshouldbeindicatedonmaincolumnKandL,inordertoreinforceintegralstabilitywhenhoistingsteelwork.4、施工方案：4.Constructionscheme:4.1施工流程（J-K-L）4.1constructiondiagram(J-K-L)鋼架臨時加固──設(shè)備清點、檢查、編號──J大板梁卸車到位──J板梁地面翻身──J大板梁吊裝就位──高強螺栓的安裝──吊索具摘鉤（然后同法進行K、L板梁吊裝）reinforcingsteelworktemporarily──probe、check、numberequipment──Jplategirderunloadingtruckisatdesignatedposition──Jplategirderisturnedoveraboveground──hoisttodesignatedposition──installhighstrengthbolt──couplerdisconnectionforhoistingtool(workingbythesamemethodforK、Lplategirder)4.2大板梁的運輸及卸車方案4.2Transportationandunloadingschemeofplategirder大板梁運輸Transportationofplategirder.1大板梁運輸要求裝車時大板梁右端在車尾布置發(fā)貨；大板梁由汽車直接由鍋爐擴建端LM跨拉運到爐膛相應(yīng)的位置。.1Therightendofplategirderfixeduptodeliverinthetailtockwhenaplategirderwastransported;Theplategirderwastransportedtocorrespondingpositionoffurnacepass-byextendplaceLMofboiler..2大板梁的供貨順序為J、K、L，運到現(xiàn)場一根就吊裝一根，不得在爐膛內(nèi)存放。.2ThedeliveryorderofplategirdersareJ、K、L,arriveanon-the-spotonehoistone,i.e.hoistonebyonecan’tbestoredinthefurnace.吊裝機械工況選定及布置CKE4000C吊選用96m主臂工況，回轉(zhuǎn)半徑16m時最大起重量120t;FZQ1380作業(yè)半徑為28m（J板梁）時最大起重量45t和22m（K、L板梁）時最大起重量63t，吊車布置詳見附圖2。HoistingmechanicalworkingconditionandarrangementCEK4000Cselect96mmainboomworkingcondition,workingradiusformostheavytogetupweight120tatthe16m;FZQ1380workingradiusis28mformostheavytogetupweight45t(K,Lplategirder)and22m(K,Lplategirder)mostheavytogetupweight63t,arrangementofcraneseeaddiction2.鋼絲繩綁扎綁扎繩布置在板梁吊耳中心線兩側(cè)，CKE4000C吊用Ф65×50m鋼絲繩二繩八股兜板梁，F(xiàn)ZQ1380用Ф52×50m鋼絲繩二繩四股兜板梁。BonderwireLigaturearrangementinplategirderliftingeyecentrelinebothsides,CEK4000Cselect65*50msteelwirerope2and8essay.FZQ1380select￠52*50msteelwirerope2and4essaytohangplategirder.檢查試吊兩車同時起吊至板梁離開下部支撐約100mm時，靜吊3分鐘進行檢查，檢查地面承載狀況，檢查吊裝機械及鋼絲繩的運行情況，確定無異常后，進行抱閘試驗，繼續(xù)起吊約200mm，然后落鉤，檢查有無溜鉤現(xiàn)象，確信抱閘運行情況良好后，進行下一步作業(yè)。Checkingandtrialhoisting.Twotruckhangplategirderleavetoplategirderunderpartsupportatinviting100mmatthesametime,waitfor3minutetotest,checkgroundbeartheweightofstate,checkhoistmechanicalworkingcondition,itisassurethatitsworkingconditionisnormal,thenmakeembracebraketest,goonhoistabout200mm,thenfallhook,checkitwhetheritisslipawayhookphenomenon,itisgoodconditionafterembracebrakeruningoodcondition,carryonthenextwork.正式起吊卸車大板梁吊起距離離拉運汽車駕駛室頂部約500mm后，將運輸車輛開出，兩車抬吊將大板梁吊至正式起吊的指定地點（見附圖1），同時事先在擺放位置鋪設(shè)好枕木，然后吊車同時落鉤將板梁放置在枕木上，如枕木傾斜則用吊車找正。FormallyhoistingandunloadingWhenplategirderhoistoutofdistanceabout500mmfromdriver’scabintop,transportvehicledraw.Twocranehoistplategirdertoappointedplace(seeaddiction1),laygoodsleeperinlocationinadvanceatthesametime,thencranefallhookputtheplategirderonthesleeper,ifthesleeperslopesandlookforwithcrane.4.3大板梁地面翻身4.3turnoverplategirder4.3.1采取捆綁方式，F(xiàn)ZQ1380和CKE4000C的吊點選在吊耳位置，CKE4000C用Ф65×50m鋼絲繩二繩八股兜板梁，F(xiàn)ZQ1380用Ф52×50m鋼絲繩二繩四股兜板梁。takewayoftrussingup,liftingpositionofFZQ1380andCEK4000Cselectliftingeyeposition,CEK4000Cselect65*50msteelwirerope2and8essay.FZQ1380select￠52*50msteelwirerope2and4essaytohangplategirder.4.3.2注意翻身前在大板梁的兩端與翻身相反方向各拉手動葫蘆一套，保證在翻身過程中當板梁的重心越過下翼板的支點后對其實施牽拉力，防止板梁突然的傾倒和晃動造成瞬間增力，從而對起重機械造成不必要的影響。Eachshakehandsandmoveonesetofcalabashesintheoppositedirectionwithstandingupofbothendsoftheplategirder,guaranteetoimplantpullingforceofleadingtoitafterthecenteroftheplategirdercrossesthefulcrumwhichmakesthewingboardinthecourseofstandingup.Preventplategirdertopplingoverandcausetoincreasingstrength,leadtothefactunnecessaryinfluencetothehoisttool.4.3.3待吊點拴鉤檢查牢固且鋼絲繩均勻吃力后，開始正式起鉤翻身，當板梁開始扳起時的吊點受力最大，約為實際重量的一半，在板梁的重心越過下翼板的支點前，兩端的手動葫蘆不斷松開，盡量與起升同步;在板梁的重心越過下支點后，吊點受力急劇減少，同時兩端的手動葫蘆受力增大，此時開始要緩慢調(diào)整葫蘆速度，讓板梁的下翼板一邊緩慢著地，此時翻身工作結(jié)束。(翻身后的擺放位置見附圖1)4.3.3Aftersomefastensthehookandchecksfirmlyandthesteelwireisevenandstrainingtohang,thearisesformallyatthebeginningtostandup,hangingsomereceivestrengthtobemostheavy,nearlyhalfoftheactualweightwhentheplategirderbeginstopull,beforethecenteroftheplategirdercrossesthefulcrumwhichputsthewingboard,themanualcalabashofbothendsinbeingunclampedconstantly.4.3.4大板梁立起后兩端用[20槽鋼斜拉加固，防止板梁傾倒。Reinforethebothendbyusing[20chanelsteelasdiagonallineinordertopreventslop.4.4Positionfixedforplategirders4.4.1起吊前的準備工作Preparationworkbeforehoisting4.4.1.1確認好板梁的吊裝方向后，測量板梁的實際長度與該跨的實際跨距的偏差值（實際跨距至少大出4~6mm，提前將吊裝銷軸試穿一遍。.1Makesureactuallengthforplategirdersanddeviationofactualspan(theactualspanislarger4~6mmatleast,andtryontheliftingpinshaftinadvance.4.4.1.2在板梁的上翼板上搭設(shè)固定的專用欄桿、軟爬梯和安全防護繩。.2Lappingthefixedspecialhandrails、softladderandprotectingstringontheupperplateforplategirder.4.4.1.3檢查FZQ1380和CKE4000C的工作半徑是否在規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)，以及吊車的各項性能技術(shù)指標是否符合規(guī)范要求。.3ChecktheworkingradiusforFZQ1380andCKE4000Cwhethertheyareinthespecifiedscope,andcheckeveryperformancetechnicalindexeswhetheritisconfirmedtospecificationrequests.4.4.1.4安裝大板梁使用的高強螺栓提前放置在81m層兩側(cè)預(yù)先搭好的平臺上。.4Installhighstrengthboltsforplategirdersusedbeforeputtheboltsonthetwosidesof81mplatformforadvancelapped.4.4.2大板梁的起吊Hoistingplategirder4.4.2.1利用正式起吊吊耳，CKE4000C吊點直接將吊鉤插入起吊吊耳后穿兩個銷軸，F(xiàn)ZQ1380的吊點采用Ф52×50m鋼絲繩二繩四股兜掛在吊耳的銷軸上，三個銷軸穿好后，固定銷軸的限位鋼筋。.1.Itisliftinglugformallytoutilize,CKE4000Changpointinsertcliveringettingupliftinglugdirectly,weartwopivots,thehangingsomeofFZQ1380adoptsfoursharesandtworopesofФ52X50msteelwirerope,wrapitupandhangonthepivotoftheliftinglug,afterthreepivotsareputon,fixupthelimitlocationofreinforcingbaroftheregularpivot.4.4.2.2全部檢查結(jié)束后由總指揮發(fā)布正式起吊命令，開始起吊，同時指揮兩臺吊車緩慢起鉤，當板梁被抬吊離地面100mm后停止起吊，全面檢查吊車及起吊索具的受力情況，確認正常無誤后，開始繼續(xù)起吊。.2Releasedbythecommander-in-chiefandgetuptohangtheorder,begintogetupandhangafterfinishingallinspections,twocranearecommandedtoliftinghookslowlyatthesametime,itishangedtogetuptostopaftertheplategirderisliftedandhungoverhead100m,checkthecraneandgetuptohangreceivingthebearingsituationofliftingriginanall-roundway,afterconfirmingnormallyandwithoutfail,begintocontinuegettingupandhanging.4.4.2.3大板梁起吊過程中監(jiān)護人員要隨著板梁的起升高度向上走，保持板梁的水平和吊車的同步，同時密切監(jiān)護板梁在經(jīng)過橫梁時端頭的有效距離。.3Plategirderishanging,supervisormoveupwardstogetup,keeplevelandsynchronismofcrane,assurethevaliddistancewhileplategirderispassingthecrossbeamcloselyatthesametime.4.4.2.4大板梁在被抬吊至安裝高度后，同時指揮FZQ1380向正式安裝位置轉(zhuǎn)臂、CKE4000C向正式安裝位置走車，使板梁正式安裝到位。.4Plategirderishoistedtodesignatedheight,thenFZQ1380turnboomtoformalerectionpositionatthesametime