Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldPeriod2ReadingandThinkingLeadinDo

you

know

about

Chinese

writing

system?VideoTheStoryofChineseCharacter—馬Afterthisvideo,predictwhatthetextwillbeabout.NewWordssymbolcarvedynastycalligraphycharactervarietysystemdespitefactorbasedGametime

Reading

Whatis

themainideaofthispassage?中文書寫系統(tǒng):連接過去和現(xiàn)在Reading-scanning

Paragraph1:TheChinesewritingsystemisoneofthereasonswhyChinesecivilizationhassurvivedintomoderntimes.Paragraph2:Paragraph3:ReadthetextquicklytofindthemainideaofeachparagraphWrittenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguageatthebeginning.Thewritingsystembecamewell-developed,andlaterdevelopedintodifferentforms.Reading

ReadthetextquicklytofindthemainideaofeachparagraphParagraph4:Thewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Paragraph5:WrittenChineseconnectsChina'spresentwithitspast,andhasbecomeanartform.Paragraph6:TheChineselanguageishelpingtospreadChina'scultureandhistorytotheworld.Scanthetexttofindthewordsandphrasesthatdescribeatime.Thenwritedownwhathappenedateachofthoseimportanttimes.TimeWhathappenedmoderntimesatthebeginningdatesbackseveralthousandyearsTheChinesecivilisationstillcontinues.WrittenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.Longguappeared.TimeWhathappenedbytheShangDynasty(around1600-1046BCE)overtheyearstheQinDynasty(201-227BCE)Symbolscarvedonlongguhadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.Thewritingsystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,astheChinesepeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.TheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinoneunifieddirection.TimeWhathappenedeventodayinmoderntimestodayChinesepeoplecanallstillcommunicateinwriting.ChinesepeoplecanreadtheclassicworkswhichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.TheChinesecharactersarestillavitalpartofChineseculture.HowdidwrittenChineseunifyChinesepeopledividedbygeographyanddialects?HowdoeswrittenChineseconnectChinesepeopletodaywiththoseofthepast?Accordingtothewriter,theChinesewritingsystemisonefactorthathashelpedtheChineselanguageandculturesurvive.Whatdoyouthinkaresomeoftheotherfactors?Readthetextagainanddiscussthequestions.Shareyouridea!WhilereadingDiscussionHowdidwrittenChineseunifyChinesepeopledividedbygeographyanddialects?HowdoeswrittenChineseconnectChinesepeopletodaywiththoseofthepast?ItallowedChinesepeople,nomatterwheretheylivedorwhatdialecttheyhad,tocommunicatewitheachother.Chinesepeopletodaycanreadandunderstandclassicworksfromancienttimes.3.Accordingtothewriter,theChinesewritingsystemisonefactorthathashelpedtheChineselanguageandculturesurvive.Whatdoyouthinkaresomeoftheotherfactors?……thecontinuousdevelopmentofChina'sagriculture,arelativelypowerfulgovernment,distinguishedphilosophicalschoolsdeveloped,andanopenmindtoembracedifferentculturesareallpossibleandimportantfactors.Besides,educationisalwaysemphasizedinChina'sfamilytraditions.ChinesecalligraphyhasdevelopedalongwithChina's__________.Itisdifficulttosaywhenexactlycalligraphystarted.Chinesewritingwasfirstdoneby_________symbolsontobonesandshells,butasitdevelopedintoawriting_______,italsodevelopedasaformofartdonewithabrush.civilizationCompletethepassagewiththecorrectwordsandphrasebelow.carvingsystemsystemcarvingmeansdatesbackclassiccivilisationAfterreadingItisbelievedthatChinesecalligraphy__________toatleasttheHanDynasty(202BCE-220CE).Soonafterthat,theideadevelopedthatcalligraphywasnotonlyabeautifulartformbutalsoa_______ofshowingthecharacterofthe"manbehindthebrush".Today,anyonefromsmallchildrentooldpeoplecanenjoypracticingthe_______artofChinesecalligraphy.datesbackmeansclassicsystemcarvingmeansdatesbackclassiccivilisationAfterreadingManyChinesecharacterssymbolisetheirmeanings,unlikeEnglishwordswhicharespeltoutaccordingtohowtheysound.ThebasicformsoftheEnglishwritingsystemareknownasletters.

Guessthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsinthesentences.Thenlookinthetextforthewordstheyarerelatedto.symbolbased3.Aunifiedwritingsystemisconsideredtobeanimportantpartofcivilisedsociety.4.LearningChinesecalligraphywillincreaseyourappreciationofChineseculture.civilisationappreciateLanguagepointsDifficultSentencesEventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.Languagepointsnomatter(what/how/where/when/whether)…是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“無(wú)論(什么、怎樣、哪里、何時(shí)、是否等）……”，可置于句首、句中和句尾。AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChinascultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.Languagepointsanumberof意為“很多；好些”，這時(shí)number還可被large、small、good、growing等形容詞修飾。increasing在句中修飾number，表示“不斷增加；持續(xù)增多”。Whatisthedifferencebetween“thenumberof”and“anumberof”?Anumberof是大量、很多的意思，等于alotof一類，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或代詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；Thenumberof意思是……的數(shù)字/數(shù)目，介詞of同其后名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，修飾thenumber，當(dāng)它作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Languagepoints

Languagepoints1.basevt.以…為據(jù)點(diǎn)；以…為基礎(chǔ)

n.底部；根據(jù)basisbasicbase…on/uponbebasedon/uponbebasedinn.基礎(chǔ)adj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的把…建立在…基礎(chǔ)之上以…為基礎(chǔ)；依據(jù)以…為基地；以…為總部

A．語(yǔ)法填空①__________(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason，youwillregretitsoonerorlater.[答案]Basing②__________(base)onmyownopinion，thisoneisfarbetterthanthatone.[答案]Based③Thoughhehassomeshortcomings,Heis__________(base)aniceperson.[答案]basically④(2014·湖南卷)Practiceundertheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteacherswhocanhelpyouwith__________(base)writingskills.[答案]basicB．完成句子⑤(2015·鄭州一模)Afterall，thedoctor--patientrelationship______________trust，andthereforehonestyisessential.畢竟，醫(yī)患關(guān)系是以信任為基礎(chǔ)的，因此誠(chéng)信是至關(guān)重要的。[答案]isbasedonLanguagepoints

signal

意為“信號(hào)”，常指為某一目的而發(fā)出的信號(hào)mark

意為“標(biāo)志，標(biāo)記”，含義廣泛，指事物留下的深刻印跡或某物上用于辨別該物品的標(biāo)志，比sign更側(cè)重于區(qū)別性或揭示性的標(biāo)志，有時(shí)不一定十分直觀或明顯sign

意為“記號(hào)，標(biāo)記”，用法最廣，可指符號(hào)，也可指具體的用于識(shí)別或指示的標(biāo)志，如指示牌、卡片等。也作“征兆，跡象”講symbol

意為“象征，符號(hào)”，常指被人們選出的物體或圖案用來(lái)代表另一事物，并作為該事物的標(biāo)記或象征2.symbolLanguagepoints辨析比較signal,mark,sign與symbol

3.major用法詳解(1)adj.主要的;重要的;大的(一般做前置定語(yǔ))Themajorproblematpresentishowtoovercomeallthedifficulties.目前的主要問題是如何克服所有的困難。(2)n.[C]主修課程;專業(yè)課vi.主修搭配:majorin主修Thestudent,majoringineconomicsatcollege,madeacommentonthematter.那個(gè)大學(xué)專業(yè)是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的學(xué)生對(duì)此事做了評(píng)論。Languagepoints

4.mean【點(diǎn)撥】meanadj.吝嗇的，自私的；卑鄙的

bemeanwithsth.在某方面吝嗇Heisverymeanwithhismoney.他在金錢方面很吝嗇。Thatisameantrick.那是卑鄙手段。v.意欲，打算；意味著

meantodosth打算做某事

Imeantogotomorrow.我打算明天走。meandoingsth意味著做某事Beingastudentmeansstudyinghard.作為一個(gè)學(xué)生，(意味著)要努力學(xué)習(xí)。

bemeantfor注定要成為Iwasnevermeantforthearmy.我根本就不是當(dāng)兵的材料。Languagepoints

5.appreciateappreciatedoing...感激做……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……我將不勝感激appreciationn.欣賞；感激;inappreciationof欣賞；感激AndI’llappreciateitverymuchifyougivemeanearlyreply.如果你能早點(diǎn)回信我將非常感激。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Idon’tappreciatebeingtreated(treat)likeasecond-classcitizen.(2)Heexpressedhisappreciation(appreciate)forwhatshehaddone.Languagepoints特別提醒(1)appreciate后接v.-ing形式。(2)其后只能接“事”作賓語(yǔ)，而不能接“人”作賓語(yǔ)。(3)其后不直接跟if或when引導(dǎo)的從句，需先接it，再接從句。

6.datebackto...

=datefrom...追溯到……，從……時(shí)候開始就有了

[典例]Thechurchdatesbacktothe13thcentury.這座教堂從十三世紀(jì)開始就有了。[短語(yǔ)歸納][練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入短語(yǔ)或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式。

(1).Thecustom________________hundredsofyears.(2).Ourfriendship________________________thelate70s.(3).Thisisalaw________(date)fromthe17thcentury.Keys:(1).datesback(2).datesbackto(3).DatingLanguagepoints

7.regardregard…as…表“把看作作……”其近義表達(dá)有:treat...as..../thinkof...as.../lookon...as.../consider...as.../take...as…【拓展】regardlessof不管；不顧[典例]1).I’lltakethejobregardlessofthepay.不管報(bào)酬多少我都要這份工作。2).Hesayswhathethinks,regardlessofotherpeople’sfeelings.他怎么想就怎么說，不考慮別人的情緒。[練習(xí)]翻譯下面的句子。1).不管天氣怎樣，我都會(huì)去。

Keys:1).Iwillgoregardlessoftheweather.____________________________________________________________________________Languagepoints

易混詞區(qū)別event重要事情;比賽項(xiàng)目。ThefoundationofthePRCwasagreateventof1949.中華人民共和國(guó)的成立是1949年的重大事件。accident強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然或意外發(fā)生的不幸事情。Oneinsevenaccidentsiscausedbysleepydrivers.每七起交通事故就有一起是駕駛員困倦造成的。matter著重指需要考慮的或需要處理的事情。Theyhaveimportantmatterstotalkabout.他們有重要的事情要談。affair公共事務(wù),政治事務(wù)(多用復(fù)數(shù)形式);個(gè)人的事。Theministerisbusywithstateaffairs部長(zhǎng)忙于處理國(guó)務(wù)。Languagepoints8.affair

9.specific【原句回放】...basedongeneralideasratherthanspecificexamples.根據(jù)大體的想法而不是具體的事例?！军c(diǎn)撥】specificadj.確切的；特定的；特效的；特有的ThetroublewithBillwasthatheneverhadaspecificaiminlife.比爾的問題是他從未有過明確的人生目標(biāo)。Thereisnospecificremedyforthemalady.沒有醫(yī)治這種病的特效藥?！就卣埂縯obespecific說得明確些；具體地說bespecificto對(duì)……是特有的spe