短文改錯(cuò)之突破母語(yǔ)負(fù)遷移的影響當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我希望住在城市里，我以為在那將會(huì)很快樂(lè)?，F(xiàn)在我就居住在一座城市里，但我卻非常想念我在鄉(xiāng)下的家，那里山是綠的，空氣是新鮮的。不幸的是，隨著工業(yè)化的發(fā)展，環(huán)境已被污染。許多研究顯示全球變暖已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)非常嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，我們呼吸的空氣正變得越來(lái)越污濁。許多珍稀的動(dòng)物正在滅亡，我們必須找到方法來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境。如果我們沒(méi)有這樣做，我們會(huì)對(duì)此后悔一輩子。翻譯練習(xí)

WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we‘lllivetoregretit.thought∧theandwithseriousairManyour/thefindA篇：2015年新課標(biāo)IWhenIwasachild,Ihopetoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbeveryhappythere.Ilivinginacitynow.Imissmyhomeincountryside.Therehavegreenmountainsandfreshair.Themountainsaregreen,theairisfreshthere.Unfortunate,withthedevelopofindustrialization,theenvironmenthaspolluted.Manyresearchhaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaseriousproblem.Theairwhat

our

breatheisbecomingdirtieranddirtier.Manyrareanimalareendanger.Ifwefailtodoso,we‘lllivetoregretit.B篇：學(xué)生習(xí)作1.A篇:Ithink(thought)

Iwouldbehappythere.B篇:Ihope(hoped)toliveinthecity.2.A篇:Much(Many)rareanimalsaredyingout.B篇:Manyrareanimal(animals)

aredyingout.3.A篇:Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriously(serious)problem.B篇:Unfortunate(Unfortunately),onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.4.A篇:Theretheairiscleanor(and)themountainsaregreen.B篇:Themountainsaregreen,(and)theairiscleanthere.時(shí)態(tài)誤用名詞單復(fù)數(shù)adj./adv.誤用連詞誤用比較A篇與B篇高考短文改錯(cuò)命題特征1.選材：語(yǔ)言材料通常取自學(xué)生自己的作品，或類(lèi)似學(xué)生的作品。2.話(huà)題：內(nèi)容來(lái)自學(xué)生身邊的常見(jiàn)話(huà)題。3.結(jié)構(gòu)：難易程度符合學(xué)生的實(shí)際水平。4.語(yǔ)言：語(yǔ)言明白易懂，不涉及生僻語(yǔ)句結(jié)構(gòu)。錯(cuò)誤來(lái)自習(xí)作中的表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤，受母語(yǔ)負(fù)遷移的影響2011-2016考點(diǎn)分布考點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞名詞連詞冠詞形容詞副詞介詞代詞2011課標(biāo)421101102012課標(biāo)311010112013課標(biāo)I&II522221312014課標(biāo)I&II441203312015課標(biāo)I&II632211222016課標(biāo)I,II&III73423025總計(jì)2915129151210五類(lèi)?？伎键c(diǎn)的考查方向考點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞名詞形容詞和副詞連詞考查方向時(shí)態(tài)(13)單復(fù)數(shù)(10)adj.和adv.混用(8)并列連詞誤用(6)非謂語(yǔ)(6)修飾語(yǔ)(4)副詞誤用(3)從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞誤用(4)語(yǔ)態(tài)(4)所有格(1)比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)(2)遺漏連詞(1)主謂一致(2)Verb(動(dòng)詞)中英時(shí)態(tài)(tense)有語(yǔ)態(tài)(voice)“被、讓、受”非謂語(yǔ)(non-predicate)有考查方向：時(shí)態(tài)(13題)，非謂語(yǔ)(6題)，語(yǔ)態(tài)(4題)無(wú)be+過(guò)去分詞無(wú)Verb(動(dòng)詞)突破：找出動(dòng)詞，確定謂語(yǔ)，判斷時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，檢查非謂。

考查方向：時(shí)態(tài)(13題)，非謂語(yǔ)(6題)，語(yǔ)態(tài)(4題)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)/語(yǔ)態(tài)tododoingdone1.Iwasonlyfourwhenshepassesaway.(2013河北)2.Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.(2014課標(biāo)II)3.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.(2016新課標(biāo)I)passed時(shí)態(tài)誤用visited謂語(yǔ)/非謂語(yǔ)誤用used被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)誤用4.IreallywantsharewithyousomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.(2015四川)5.IwasatShanghaiRailwayStationbuyatickettoHangzhou.(2013陜西)to謂語(yǔ)/非謂語(yǔ)誤用buying謂語(yǔ)/非謂語(yǔ)誤用∧名詞(Noun)中英單復(fù)數(shù)有可數(shù)/不可數(shù)有考查方向：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)(10題)，修飾詞(4題)/……們無(wú)無(wú)名詞(Noun)突破：1.留意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)；2.關(guān)注名詞前修飾詞考查方向：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)(10題)，修飾詞(4題)常見(jiàn)不可數(shù)名詞：advice,furniture,equipment,air,water等常見(jiàn)修飾語(yǔ)：many,much,few,little等1.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.(2013陜西)2.AsItoldyoulasttime,Imadethreenewfriendhere.(2015四川)3.Montaughtmesomebasicstepofbaking.(2015陜西)minutes可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)friends可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)steps可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)4.Ifyougoontripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.(2016新課標(biāo)II)5.Wedon’tneedtodosomanyhomework.(2014課標(biāo)II)knowledge不可數(shù)名詞much修飾語(yǔ)Adjective&Adverb(形容詞和副詞)中英形容詞有副詞有常省略“的”常省略“地”考查方向：形容詞/副詞混用(8題)，比較級(jí)(2題)Adjective&Adverb(形容詞和副詞)突破：1.細(xì)查處于不同位置的形容詞和副詞；2.留意比較級(jí)標(biāo)志(如than等)考查方向：形容詞/副詞混用(8題)，比較級(jí)(2題)尤其注意句首，句末等1.Afterwaitingforabouthalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.(2013遼寧)2.IlearnedearlyinlifethatIhadtobemorepatientandlittleaggressive(好強(qiáng)的).

(2012全國(guó))3.Interesting,ithadaconnectiontotheBritishporcelain(陶瓷)industry.(2013新課標(biāo)II)4.Don’tpanicorgetoutofline,andtrytoremainquietandcalmly.(2014四川)impatient形容詞/副詞混用calm副詞作狀語(yǔ)Interestinglyless比較級(jí)“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)Conjunction(連詞)中英并列連詞有有時(shí)會(huì)省略考查方向：并列連詞(6題)，從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞(4題)Conjunction(連詞)突破：1.看逗號(hào)，檢查兩句之間有無(wú)連詞；2.理清邏輯關(guān)系，檢查連詞是否誤用?？疾榉较颍翰⒘羞B詞(6題)，從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞(4題)邏輯錯(cuò)誤，and，or，but，so1.IboughtmyticketbutturnedaroundtopickupmybagfromthefloorandthenIrealizedthatsomeonehadstolenit.(2011全國(guó))and并列連詞(邏輯錯(cuò)誤)2.Wearewarnednottocheatagainsotheteacherwouldneedtoseeourparents.(2013四川)3.Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimapartfromothers,hewasstrongandpowerful.(2013新課標(biāo)II)4.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.(2016新課標(biāo)I)or并列連詞(邏輯錯(cuò)誤)∧and并列連詞(遺漏)并列連詞()ConsolidationMyfathertookmeoutcampingforthefirsttimewhenIwasseven.Hewantedteachmeaboutanimals,insectsandtrees.Myunclesallcomealongwithbowsandarrowsforhunting.Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.Justthenabirdwasflyin